Article(id=1319955463010111571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, issueId=1319955241370502145, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12086/oee.2026.250145, pmid=null, cstr=32245.14.oee.2026.250145, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747152000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-14, revisedDate=1752336000000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-13, acceptedDate=1753286400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-07-24, onlineDate=1792631505967, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1769270400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792631505967, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792631505967, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792631505967, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319955241370502145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, year='2026', volume='53', issue='1', pageStart='250064', pageEnd='1', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769270400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792631453125, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792631453125, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=250145, endPage=1, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319955463265964116, articleId=1319955463010111571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, language=EN, title=A lightweight improved UNet model with domain adaptation for cross-domain segmentation of small aircraft targets, columnId=1279511634116841602, journalTitle=Opto-Electronic Engineering, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective With the rapid development of global air transportation system and unmanned aerial vehicle technologies, all kinds of aircraft are increasingly being applied for use in the security of civil and airspace monitoring and public safety. So, we need better and more correct aerial target recognition. Thanks to the development of deep learning and computer vision, Convolutional neural network based detection methods are being used for recognition of aircraft. Among them, the semantic segmentation can complete the localization of the pixel level target, therefore, it can provide much more detailed information to extract the aircraft contour and analyze the posture of the aircraft. However, compared to the medium and large aircraft, the small aircraft has fewer pixels in the image and its discriminative features are weaker, which is easily affected by the complex background and is hard to be precisely and steadily segmented by the current model. At the same time, in the practical application scenario, because of the difference in the use of imaging devices, the environment, and the distribution of data, it is easy to produce the domain shift phenomenon, and the model’s generalization ability is greatly reduced. And all these high-accuracy segmentation methods need very complex network structure and occupy lots of computational resources, which is hard to satisfy the real-time requirement of practical systems. So combining domain adaptation and light-weighting modeling approach to get both high accurate real-time small aircraft semantic segmentation of background. This is worth researching and putting into practical engineering.
Methods The paper focuses on the problem of poor segmentation accuracy of small aircraft in cross-domain situation, and carries out some model design and exploration within the scope of a deep learning-based semantic segmentation framework. The classical U-Net plus an additional feature pyramid network (FPN) which is a multi-scale feature fusion structure to improve the model's ability to represent small aircraft targets. In addition to this, a Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE)channel attention is added to the network bottleneck such that it can learn to adjust the weight of each feature channel adaptively, thereby increasing the models ability to react to important discriminative features. To solve the different feature distribution caused by the different scenes and imaging conditions, we proposed a method to align the deep feature distribution between the source and target domains by the MMD, which can also enhance the model’s generalization to the target domain. On this basis, we use a teacher-student network and introduce a knowledge distillation approach, where the high-accuracy model with domain adaptation serves as the teacher. Using the teacher’s soft label to supervise the training of a light student model, we can greatly reduce the number of parameters and computational cost of the student model, but still have good segmentation effect. Experiment is conducted on the multi-scene small-aircraft dataset with explicit source-target domain split. To validate the effectiveness and real-time performance of the above proposed method through comparison experiment and ablation experiment respectively.
Results and Discussions Small aircraft cross domain semantic segmentation performance, experimental results show that the proposed FPN-SE-DA-UNet is good at both accuracy and generalization. Feature pyramid network comes in to play in order to integrate information from different scale, and solve the loss of fine-grained features caused by the repeated down-sampling process. SE channel attention makes model better at noticing important discriminative features and leads to better target completeness and stability in segmentation results. Cross domain experiment shows that using the maximum mean discrepancy based domain adaptation to align the source and target domain feature can get much higher IOU and DICE score on the target domain test set, which is 0.5229 and 0.6866 respectively. Both is much better than all multiple semantic segmentation model. Also with the same model, it is possible to make a small student model by adding knowledge distillation. The student model is scored at 0.4557 IoU and 0.6260 Dice. The student model gets an average inference speed of 59.5 f/s on an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090, there is a slight drop in segmentation accuracy, this is about a 49.1% increase in real-time performance over the teacher model, it is a reasonable trade-off for accuracy vs. real-time performance. From the above we can see that the proposed method is able to obtain a stable small aircraft segmentation for cross-domain scenarios without sacrificing real-time application requirements.
Conclusions To solve the problems of low segmentation accuracy, poor generalization ability, and weak real-time performance in cross-domain semantic segmentation of small aircraft, this study proposes a domain adaptation based semantic segmentation model, FPN-SE-DA-UNet, it introduces the FPN module to obtain richer multi-scale feature information, which can enhance the ability to capture small targets. On the other hand, the SE attention module is used to highlight more informative channel information in the network, and it introduces a domain adaptation strategy to align the features of the source domain and target domain, which can improve the model’s ability to generalize. On this basis, a lightweight student model is constructed with the help of a knowledge distillation strategy. It has good segmentation results and good inference efficiency, and the computational complexity has been greatly reduced. Experiments verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method in cross domain semantic segmentation of small aircraft.
, authors=Wenfeng Zhao
1, 2, 3, 4, Yunxia Xia
1, 2, 3, 4, Haolong Jia
1, 2, 3, 4, Qiliang Bao
1, 2, 3, 4, authorsList=Wenfeng Zhao, Yunxia Xia, Haolong Jia, Qiliang Bao, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yunxia Xia, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Opto-Electronic Engineering. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1319955480852680941, articleId=1319955463010111571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, language=CN, title=基于领域自适应的轻量级改进UNet小目标飞机跨域分割模型, columnId=1319955120360636489, journalTitle=光电工程, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
针对现有语义分割模型对小目标飞机分割效果不佳和跨域泛化能力弱的问题,本研究提出了一种基于领域自适应的语义分割模型FPN-SE-DA-UNet。该模型引入FPN (feature pyramid network)模块,通过搭建特征金字塔,充分利用多尺度信息,增强模型对小目标飞机的分割能力;同时,引入SE (squeeze-and-excitation)注意力机制模块,增强模型对重要特征的捕捉能力;此外,引入领域自适应方法,将源域与目标域的特征分布进行对齐,显著增强了模型的跨域泛化能力;最后,以FPN-SE-DA-UNet作为教师模型,结合知识蒸馏策略,训练得到了轻量级的学生模型。实验结果表明,在跨域小目标飞机分割任务中,FPN-SE-DA-UNet的IoU (intersection over union)与DICE指标分别达到了0.5229和0.6866,显著优于现有主流语义分割模型。此外,通过知识蒸馏得到的学生模型,IoU、DICE指标分别为0.4557和0.6260,且在NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090上平均运行速度达到59.5 f/s,较FPN-SE-DA-UNet提升49.1%,能够在实际应用中兼顾准确率与实时性。
, authors=赵文峰
1, 2, 3, 4, 夏运霞
1, 2, 3, 4, *, *, 贾昊龙
1, 2, 3, 4, 包启亮
1, 2, 3, 4, authorsList=赵文峰, 夏运霞, 贾昊龙, 包启亮, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=夏运霞, authorNote=
作者贡献
赵文峰:研究资料的收集、分析,论文写作;夏运霞、贾昊龙、包启亮:指导论文选题、论文修改。
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1State Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
2Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
3Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
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1中国科学院光场调控科学技术全国重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
2中国科学院光束控制重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
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1, 2, 3, 4, address=
1State Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
2Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
3Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
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1, 2, 3, 4, *, *, address=
1中国科学院光场调控科学技术全国重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
2中国科学院光束控制重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
3中国科学院光电技术研究所,四川 成都 610209
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1, 2, 3, 4, address=
1State Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
2Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
3Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1319955483985826065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, authorId=1319955483788693771, language=CN, stringName=贾昊龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, 4, address=
1中国科学院光场调控科学技术全国重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
2中国科学院光束控制重点实验室,四川 成都 610209
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4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1319955481410523385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, companyId=1319955481397940471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4中国科学院大学,北京 100049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1319955487697785128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Schematic diagram of the UNet architecture, figureFileSmall=1rYoz5xaV2rsJM6C0IfqIA==, figureFileBig=p66+3/oOXV+2ubH86amGug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955487815225641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
UNet网络结构示意图, figureFileSmall=1rYoz5xaV2rsJM6C0IfqIA==, figureFileBig=p66+3/oOXV+2ubH86amGug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488075272490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Illustration of domain shift, figureFileSmall=9wtphCNSg2jfdwLhsE90tQ==, figureFileBig=0I3MDu53EgA7vzowW8g2zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488154964267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
域偏移示意图, figureFileSmall=9wtphCNSg2jfdwLhsE90tQ==, figureFileBig=0I3MDu53EgA7vzowW8g2zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488247238956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Architecture of knowledge distillation, figureFileSmall=y1M+IrVcxrsGxB0ECBREpw==, figureFileBig=Kbf9LTy8mxgZddwQ6Y1gZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488360485165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
知识蒸馏架构图, figureFileSmall=y1M+IrVcxrsGxB0ECBREpw==, figureFileBig=Kbf9LTy8mxgZddwQ6Y1gZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488435982638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Design flowchart of the proposed model, figureFileSmall=blHHFBJOfx+aYoNfrQtCeA==, figureFileBig=JwEEhFtbQEE9eA7WHPbJyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488524063023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
本研究模型设计流程图, figureFileSmall=blHHFBJOfx+aYoNfrQtCeA==, figureFileBig=JwEEhFtbQEE9eA7WHPbJyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488603754800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
UNet architecture used in this research, figureFileSmall=0gnu2r4Cv4+a23WRKDG5pw==, figureFileBig=Q3mpFS5Rh5TqEIXIQM57NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488700223793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
本研究采用的UNet架构图, figureFileSmall=0gnu2r4Cv4+a23WRKDG5pw==, figureFileBig=Q3mpFS5Rh5TqEIXIQM57NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488792498482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
FPN module architecture, figureFileSmall=d5C8G3gMmdpXkJ3xV132HA==, figureFileBig=mD8XLhHqmV76HpPsRKLlgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488880578867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
FPN模块架构, figureFileSmall=d5C8G3gMmdpXkJ3xV132HA==, figureFileBig=mD8XLhHqmV76HpPsRKLlgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955488956076340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Squeeze-and-excitation block, figureFileSmall=ymG+2LGoeeVIpdunyPKcKA==, figureFileBig=aKBq89Dbtw244w0Uwso6nA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489039962421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
SEBlock模块, figureFileSmall=ymG+2LGoeeVIpdunyPKcKA==, figureFileBig=aKBq89Dbtw244w0Uwso6nA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489136431414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
FPN-SE-DA-UNet architecture, figureFileSmall=tTiZVEXidqp6mAetbqf6/w==, figureFileBig=qM34E+w4pLnQtMI3FQuXjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489216123191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
FPN-SE-DA-UNet网络架构图, figureFileSmall=tTiZVEXidqp6mAetbqf6/w==, figureFileBig=qM34E+w4pLnQtMI3FQuXjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489295814968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Architecture of knowledge distillation, figureFileSmall=7De8xwzysVSeYHK+v4hOYQ==, figureFileBig=YCbYK8DjcEFf8vwbQ0xneA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489392283961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
知识蒸馏架构, figureFileSmall=7De8xwzysVSeYHK+v4hOYQ==, figureFileBig=YCbYK8DjcEFf8vwbQ0xneA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489534890298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Dataset samples used in this research, figureFileSmall=VU/4oiINsA/RSRkt3tP4RA==, figureFileBig=x4QL1K/XWBIVcFm3q3Vysg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489652330811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
本研究采用的数据集样例, figureFileSmall=VU/4oiINsA/RSRkt3tP4RA==, figureFileBig=x4QL1K/XWBIVcFm3q3Vysg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489761382716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Visualization of selected experimental results, figureFileSmall=bQNM7CO7kIIHpGgCw9Qyeg==, figureFileBig=m4kCzNi7Fycb9HkME+DUQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489849463101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
部分实验结果可视化, figureFileSmall=bQNM7CO7kIIHpGgCw9Qyeg==, figureFileBig=m4kCzNi7Fycb9HkME+DUQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955489920766270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Visualization of selected ablation study results, figureFileSmall=6572aUNoYuNuSDUYwBFGUw==, figureFileBig=bxFa/TvoxhkiiyQXoFW8/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955490000458047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
消融实验部分结果可视化, figureFileSmall=6572aUNoYuNuSDUYwBFGUw==, figureFileBig=bxFa/TvoxhkiiyQXoFW8/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955490059178304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Visualization of selected experimental results from the teacher-student model, figureFileSmall=r+jtEYK+uacbSa6CUwEcIg==, figureFileBig=fIN5cSrtvPYPibh1R2waYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955490122092865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
教师-学生模型部分实验结果可视化, figureFileSmall=r+jtEYK+uacbSa6CUwEcIg==, figureFileBig=fIN5cSrtvPYPibh1R2waYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319955490180813122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
The number of images per scene and the average ratio of mask size to background area
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Scene1 | Scene2 | Scene3 | Scene4 | Scene5 | Scene6 | Scene7 | Scene8 | Scene9 | All |
|---|
| Number | 605 | 2361 | 693 | 1869 | 761 | 1441 | 1724 | 1097 | 1210 | 11761 |
| Ratio | 0.00074 | 0.00064 | 0.00058 | 0.00090 | 0.00082 | 0.00098 | 0.00088 | 0.00074 | 0.00091 | 0.00082 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955490239533379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
每个场景图片的数量及飞机标签区域占背景区域的平均大小比例
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Scene1 | Scene2 | Scene3 | Scene4 | Scene5 | Scene6 | Scene7 | Scene8 | Scene9 | All |
|---|
| Number | 605 | 2361 | 693 | 1869 | 761 | 1441 | 1724 | 1097 | 1210 | 11761 |
| Ratio | 0.00074 | 0.00064 | 0.00058 | 0.00090 | 0.00082 | 0.00098 | 0.00088 | 0.00074 | 0.00091 | 0.00082 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955490302447940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Hyperparameter settings
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Epoch | Batch size | $ \lambda $ | $ L_{\mathrm{r}} $ |
|---|
| 30 | 16 | 0.008 | 0.0001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955490386334021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
超参数设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Epoch | Batch size | $ \lambda $ | $ L_{\mathrm{r}} $ |
|---|
| 30 | 16 | 0.008 | 0.0001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955492072444230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Performance comparison of experimental results among multiple models
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Evaluation index | FCN | SegNet | AttentionUNet | LWUNet | SegNeXt | Swin-UNet | PIDNet | PP-LiteSeg | Ours |
|---|
| IoU | 0.1251 | 0.3076 | 0.4576 | 0.2254 | 0.3385 | 0.4043 | 0.3911 | 0.4337 | 0.5229 |
| DICE | 0.2196 | 0.4695 | 0.6276 | 0.3674 | 0.5054 | 0.5753 | 0.5622 | 0.6049 | 0.6866 |
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模型间的性能测试结果对比
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| Evaluation index | FCN | SegNet | AttentionUNet | LWUNet | SegNeXt | Swin-UNet | PIDNet | PP-LiteSeg | Ours |
|---|
| IoU | 0.1251 | 0.3076 | 0.4576 | 0.2254 | 0.3385 | 0.4043 | 0.3911 | 0.4337 | 0.5229 |
| DICE | 0.2196 | 0.4695 | 0.6276 | 0.3674 | 0.5054 | 0.5753 | 0.5622 | 0.6049 | 0.6866 |
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Ablation study results
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| Evaluation index | UNet | FPN-UNet | FPN-SE-UNet | FPN-SE-DA-UNet |
|---|
| IoU | 0.2674 | 0.3366 | 0.3791 | 0.5229 |
| DICE | 0.4194 | 0.5014 | 0.5491 | 0.6866 |
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消融实验结果
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| Evaluation index | UNet | FPN-UNet | FPN-SE-UNet | FPN-SE-DA-UNet |
|---|
| IoU | 0.2674 | 0.3366 | 0.3791 | 0.5229 |
| DICE | 0.4194 | 0.5014 | 0.5491 | 0.6866 |
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Comparison of test results for different attention modules
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| Evaluation index | SE | CBAM | ECA | DAN |
|---|
| IoU | 0.5229 | 0.3562 | 0.2799 | 0.1144 |
| DICE | 0.6867 | 0.5244 | 0.4359 | 0.2042 |
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不同注意力机制测试结果对比
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| Evaluation index | SE | CBAM | ECA | DAN |
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| IoU | 0.5229 | 0.3562 | 0.2799 | 0.1144 |
| DICE | 0.6867 | 0.5244 | 0.4359 | 0.2042 |
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Comparison of experimental results for different $ \lambda $
values at Lr=0.0001
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| Evaluation index | 0.0001 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 1 |
|---|
| IoU | 0.4591 | 0.5229 | 0.5221 | 0.4893 | 0.2731 | 0.2258 |
| DICE | 0.6228 | 0.6867 | 0.6808 | 0.6568 | 0.4257 | 0.3681 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955492886139213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
Lr=0.0001时不同$ \lambda $
的实验结果对比
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| Evaluation index | 0.0001 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 1 |
|---|
| IoU | 0.4591 | 0.5229 | 0.5221 | 0.4893 | 0.2731 | 0.2258 |
| DICE | 0.6228 | 0.6867 | 0.6808 | 0.6568 | 0.4257 | 0.3681 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955493158768974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=
Comparison of experimental results for different Lr at $ \lambda $
=0.008
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| Evaluation index | 0.00001 | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.1 |
|---|
| IoU | 0.4798 | 0.5229 | 0.00338 | 0 | 0 |
| DICE | 0.6483 | 0.6867 | 0.00651 | 0 | 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955493263626575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
$ \lambda $
=0.008时不同Lr的实验结果对比
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| Evaluation index | 0.00001 | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.1 |
|---|
| IoU | 0.4798 | 0.5229 | 0.00338 | 0 | 0 |
| DICE | 0.6483 | 0.6867 | 0.00651 | 0 | 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955493565616464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=EN, label=Tab.8, caption=
Teacher-student model experimental results
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| Model | Total parameter quantity | IoU | DICE | Frame rate |
|---|
| Teacher | 40738434 | 0.5229 | 0.6866 | 39.9 |
| Light-teacher | 36938722 | 0.3985 | 0.5694 | 59.5 |
| Student | 36938722 | 0.4557 | 0.6260 | 59.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1319955493653696849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651732997652489, articleId=1319955463010111571, language=CN, label=表8, caption=
教师-学生模型实验结果
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| Model | Total parameter quantity | IoU | DICE | Frame rate |
|---|
| Teacher | 40738434 | 0.5229 | 0.6866 | 39.9 |
| Light-teacher | 36938722 | 0.3985 | 0.5694 | 59.5 |
| Student | 36938722 | 0.4557 | 0.6260 | 59.5 |
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