Article(id=1312000064004915332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, issueId=1311999647825101743, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1756656000000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-01, revisedDate=1759161600000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790734791041, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790734791041, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790734791041, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790734791041, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311999647825101743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, year='2025', volume='56', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='818', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766592000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790734691815, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790738411040, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312015247465083866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, issueId=1311999647825101743, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312015247465083867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, issueId=1311999647825101743, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=41, endPage=58, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1312000064424345733, articleId=1312000064004915332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, language=EN, title=Research Status and Development Suggestions of New Energy Power Equipment for Agriculture, columnId=1311999648647185329, journalTitle=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, columnName=Special Column of Key Technologies for Intelligent Agricultural Power Equipment, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The development of new energy power equipment for agriculture is of great significance for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture, ensuring national food security and achieving agricultural modernization. A systematic review of domestic and international research progress in new power equipment for agricultural was provided. It focused on analyzing the current status and development trends of four major categories of equipment: new energy tractors, new energy micro-tiller, new energy work platforms, and new energy agricultural low-altitude aircraft. In the field of new energy agricultural machinery, tractors are developing in parallel toward pure electric, hybrid, and clean fuel options; new energy micro-tiller are evolving from “pure electric dominance” to “electric and hybrid parallel development and intelligent self-propulsion”. New energy work platforms are advancing along a technical path characterized by “electric drive as the main power source, supplemented by hydrogen/biofuels, and multi-form coordination of wheels, tracks, and wheeled legs”. New energy agricultural low-altitude aircraft are developing along a technical route featuring “electric drive as the main power source, hydrogen energy for extended range”. However, the new energy agricultural equipment industry is currently facing challenges such as inadequate adaptation of core technologies, an incomplete standard testing system, weak industrial chain coordination, lagging infrastructure, and an incomplete market service system. To this end, it was proposed that future efforts should be coordinated across multiple fronts: top-level policy design and standard testing, breakthroughs in key “three-electric” technologies and specialized chassis systems, industrial chain collaboration and pilot-scale validation, energy-supply infrastructure such as fast charging, battery swapping, and hydrogen fuel, and the completion of scenario-based demonstration and service systems. It was suggested to enhance the adaptability and reliability of new energy agricultural machinery to promote the application of electric agricultural machinery.

, authors=An OUYANG1, Changkai WEN2, Chenlong FAN3, Zhenghe SONG2, authorsList=An OUYANG, Changkai WEN, Chenlong FAN, Zhenghe SONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhenghe SONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1312000073991553206, articleId=1312000064004915332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, language=CN, title=农业新能源动力装备研究现状与发展建议, columnId=1311999648798180275, journalTitle=农业机械学报, columnName=智能农业动力装备关键技术专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

发展农业新能源动力装备对推动农业绿色低碳转型、保障国家粮食安全和实现农业现代化意义重大。本文系统阐述了农业新能源动力装备的国内外研究进展,重点分析新能源拖拉机、新能源微耕机、新能源作业平台及新能源农用低空航空器四大类装备的现状及发展趋势。新能源农机领域,拖拉机呈纯电、混动与清洁燃料并行演进;新能源微耕机正由“纯电主导”向“电-混并进、智能自走化”演进;新能源作业平台正沿“电驱为主、氢/生物燃料补充,轮/履/轮腿多形态协同”的技术路径演进;新能源农用低空航空器正沿“电驱为主、氢能增航”的技术路线协同发展。然而,当前农业新能源装备面临核心技术适配不足、标准检测体系不完善、产业链协同薄弱、基础设施滞后、市场服务体系不健全等问题与挑战。为此,提出未来应在顶层设计与政策支持、关键“三电”与专用底盘技术攻关、产业链协同与基础设施建设、标准检测与中试验证、场景化示范与服务体系完善等方面协同推进,提升新能源农机适配性与可靠性,促进电动农机推广应用。

, authors=欧阳安1, 温昌凯2, 樊晨龙3, 宋正河2, authorsList=欧阳安, 温昌凯, 樊晨龙, 宋正河, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=宋正河, authorNote=

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
宋正河(1973—),男,教授,博士,主要从事农机装备试验验证方法与技术研究,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=/jsS0bPHOQ3aDGo/H7/uUA==, magXml=RZ0YjA8Ua7wKywmqInrGCg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=QhZsgG61w/6LUZUzjeVPoA==, pdfFileSize=11888887, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=P7K0+/T8Yf6czy+yuAsRew==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=WD9yC5PayXFicRubYU0e5g==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1312000074775888065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ouyangan@eidc.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000074842996931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074775888065, language=EN, stringName=An OUYANG, firstName=An, middleName=null, lastName=OUYANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000074910105796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074775888065, language=CN, stringName=欧阳安, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846, bio={"content":"

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074469703863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074482286776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074490675385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846)])]), Author(id=1312000074981408966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075065295048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074981408966, language=EN, stringName=Changkai WEN, firstName=Changkai, middleName=null, lastName=WEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075144986826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074981408966, language=CN, stringName=温昌凯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074570367162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074582950075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074595532988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)])]), Author(id=1312000075224678605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075300176080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075224678605, language=EN, stringName=Chenlong FAN, firstName=Chenlong, middleName=null, lastName=FAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075384062161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075224678605, language=CN, stringName=樊晨龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074679419069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074687807678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074696196287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037)])]), Author(id=1312000075472142547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=songzhenghe@cau.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075572805845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075472142547, language=EN, stringName=Zhenghe SONG, firstName=Zhenghe, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075677663446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075472142547, language=CN, stringName=宋正河, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074570367162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074582950075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074595532988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1312000075816075479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=new energy equipment of agricultural), Keyword(id=1312000075908350168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=new energy tractors), Keyword(id=1312000075988041945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=electric micro-tiller), Keyword(id=1312000076063539418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=agricultural drones), Keyword(id=1312000076130648283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=green and low-carbon), Keyword(id=1312000076201951452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=农业新能源装备), Keyword(id=1312000077858701533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=新能源拖拉机), Keyword(id=1312000077946781918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电动微耕机), Keyword(id=1312000078013890783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=农用无人机), Keyword(id=1312000078080999648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=绿色低碳)], refs=[Reference(id=1312000087430103318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=33, issue=9, pageStart=1882, pageEnd=1894, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=刘洋, 岳晓鹏, 唐孝宇, journalName=中国生态农业学报(中英文), refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘洋, 岳晓鹏, 唐孝宇, 等. 气候变化情景下农业绿色生产转型路径研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2025, 33(9): 1882-1894., articleTitle=气候变化情景下农业绿色生产转型路径研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087606264087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=33, issue=9, pageStart=1882, pageEnd=1894, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=LIU Yang, YUE Xiaopeng, TANG Xiaoyu, journalName=Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Yang, YUE Xiaopeng, TANG Xiaoyu, et al. Research on the pathways for agricultural green production transformation under climate change scenarios[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2025, 33(9): 1882-1894. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research on the pathways for agricultural green production transformation under climate change scenarios, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087677567256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=55, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=欧阳安, 崔涛, 林立, journalName=科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=欧阳安, 崔涛, 林立. 智能农机装备产业现状及发展建议[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 11: 55-66., articleTitle=智能农机装备产业现状及发展建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087748870425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=55, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=OUYANG An, CUI Tao, LIN Li, journalName=Science & Technology Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OUYANG An, CUI Tao, LIN Li. Development status and countermeasures of intelligent agricultura machinery equipment industry[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 11: 55-66. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development status and countermeasures of intelligent agricultura machinery equipment industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087811784986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=137, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=闫雪, journalName=中国农机装备, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫雪. 新能源动力系统在农业机械中的适配性研究与能效提升策略[J]. 中国农机装备, 2025(9): 137-139., articleTitle=新能源动力系统在农业机械中的适配性研究与能效提升策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087878893851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=137, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=YAN Xue, journalName=China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YAN Xue. Adaptability study and energy efficiency improvement strategyfor new energy power system in agricultural machinery[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2025(9): 137-139. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Adaptability study and energy efficiency improvement strategyfor new energy power system in agricultural machinery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000087946002716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=36, issue=5, pageStart=78, pageEnd=81,869, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=周志立, 夏先文, 徐立友, journalName=河南科技大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=周志立, 夏先文, 徐立友. 电动拖拉机驱动系统设计[J]. 河南科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 36(5): 78-81,869., articleTitle=电动拖拉机驱动系统设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088013111581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=36, issue=5, pageStart=78, pageEnd=81,869, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=ZHOU Zhili, XIA Xianwen, XU Liyou, journalName=Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Zhili, XIA Xianwen, XU Liyou. Design for driving system of electric tractor[J]. Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2015, 36(5): 78-81,869. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design for driving system of electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088092803358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=40, issue=2, pageStart=241, pageEnd=246, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=方树平, 王宁宁, 徐立友, journalName=农机化研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方树平, 王宁宁, 徐立友, 等. 纯电动拖拉机与传统燃油拖拉机性能对比分析[J]. 农机化研究, 2018, 40(2): 241-246., articleTitle=纯电动拖拉机与传统燃油拖拉机性能对比分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088155717919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=40, issue=2, pageStart=241, pageEnd=246, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=FANG Shuping, WANG Ningning, XU Liyou, journalName=Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FANG Shuping, WANG Ningning, XU Liyou, et al. Performance comparison between pure electric tractor and conventional fuel tractor[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2018, 40(2): 241-246. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Performance comparison between pure electric tractor and conventional fuel tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088214438176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=69, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=张宇, 李志伟, 王璨, journalName=山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=张宇, 李志伟, 王璨, 等. 基于SRM的电动拖拉机驱动系统设计与仿真[J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 38(7): 69-76., articleTitle=基于SRM的电动拖拉机驱动系统设计与仿真, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088277352737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=69, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=ZHANG Yu, LI Zhiwei, WANG Can, journalName=Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Yu, LI Zhiwei, WANG Can, et al. Design and simulation of driving system for electric tractor based on SRM[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2018, 38(7): 69-76. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and simulation of driving system for electric tractor based on SRM, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088336072994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=32, issue=1, pageStart=140, pageEnd=145, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=高辉松, 朱思洪, journalName=南京农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高辉松, 朱思洪. 电动拖拉机传动系设计理论与方法研究[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2009, 32(1): 140-145., articleTitle=电动拖拉机传动系设计理论与方法研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088403181859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=32, issue=1, pageStart=140, pageEnd=145, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=GAO Huisong, ZHU Sihong, journalName=Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO Huisong, ZHU Sihong. Study on design theory and method for driving line of electric tactor[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2009, 32(1): 140-145. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Study on design theory and method for driving line of electric tactor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088491262244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=39, issue=10, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43,58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=高辉松, 王珊珊, 朱思洪, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高辉松, 王珊珊, 朱思洪. 电动拖拉机驱动力与传动效率特性试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2008, 39(10): 40-43,58., articleTitle=电动拖拉机驱动力与传动效率特性试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088545788197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=39, issue=10, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43,58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=15, authorNames=GAO Huisong, WANG Shanshan, ZHU Sihong, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO Huisong, WANG Shanshan, ZHU Sihong. Experiment on characteristics of driving force and transmission efficiency of electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2008, 39(10): 40-43,58. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Experiment on characteristics of driving force and transmission efficiency of electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088617091366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=49, issue=8, pageStart=388, pageEnd=394, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=陈黎卿, 詹庆峰, 王韦韦, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈黎卿, 詹庆峰, 王韦韦, 等. 纯电动拖拉机电驱动系统设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(8): 388-394., articleTitle=纯电动拖拉机电驱动系统设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088675811623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=49, issue=8, pageStart=388, pageEnd=394, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=17, authorNames=CHEN Liqing, ZHAN Qingfeng, WANG Weiwei, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Liqing, ZHAN Qingfeng, WANG Weiwei, et al. Design and experiment of electric drive system for pure electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(8): 388-394. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and experiment of electric drive system for pure electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088734531880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=4, pageStart=921, pageEnd=933, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=YANG C, NAM G, YU H, journalName=Korean Journal of Agricultural Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG C, NAM G, YU H, et al. Analysis of driving axle and PTO power transmission efficiency of an 18 kW-class single motor electric tractor[J]. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science, 2024, 51(4): 921-933., articleTitle=Analysis of driving axle and PTO power transmission efficiency of an 18 kW-class single motor electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088793252137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=26590, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=19, authorNames=SIDDIQUE M A A, BAEK S M, BAEK S Y, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SIDDIQUE M A A, BAEK S M, BAEK S Y, et al. Effect of motor speeds on traction performance of a single-motor electric tractor at various gear stages during plow tillage[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 26590., articleTitle=Effect of motor speeds on traction performance of a single-motor electric tractor at various gear stages during plow tillage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088864555306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=28028, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=BAEK S M, JEON H H, KIM W S, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAEK S M, JEON H H, KIM W S, et al. Design and analysis of a power transmission system for 55 kW electric tractor using agricultural workload data[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 28028., articleTitle=Design and analysis of a power transmission system for 55 kW electric tractor using agricultural workload data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000088948441387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=50, issue=6, pageStart=379, pageEnd=388, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=21, authorNames=李同辉, 谢斌, 宋正河, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李同辉, 谢斌, 宋正河, 等. 电动拖拉机双电机耦合驱动系统传动特性研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(6): 379-388., articleTitle=电动拖拉机双电机耦合驱动系统传动特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089015550252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=50, issue=6, pageStart=379, pageEnd=388, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=22, authorNames=LI Tonghui, XIE Bin, SONG Zhenghe, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Tonghui, XIE Bin, SONG Zhenghe, et al. Transmission characteristics of dual-motor coupling system for electric tractors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(6): 379-388. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Transmission characteristics of dual-motor coupling system for electric tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089078464813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=53, issue=4, pageStart=423, pageEnd=431,449, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=23, authorNames=刘孟楠, 李书苑, 徐立友, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘孟楠, 李书苑, 徐立友, 等. 拖拉机双向耦合电驱动系统设计与性能分析[J]. 农业机械学报, 2022, 53(4): 423-431,449., articleTitle=拖拉机双向耦合电驱动系统设计与性能分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089149767982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=53, issue=4, pageStart=423, pageEnd=431,449, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=24, authorNames=LIU Mengnan, LI Shuyuan, XU Liyou, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Mengnan, LI Shuyuan, XU Liyou, et al. Design and performance analysis of tractor bidirectiona coupling electric drive system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2022, 53(4): 423-431,449. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and performance analysis of tractor bidirectiona coupling electric drive system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089216876847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=216, issue=null, pageStart=165, pageEnd=185, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=XIE B, WANG S, WU X, journalName=Biosystems Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE B, WANG S, WU X, et al. Design and hardware-in-the-loop test of a coupled drive system for electric tractor[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2022, 216: 165-185., articleTitle=Design and hardware-in-the-loop test of a coupled drive system for electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089288180016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=56, issue=4, pageStart=532, pageEnd=542, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=赵子豪, 谢斌, 温昌凯, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵子豪, 谢斌, 温昌凯, 等. 电动拖拉机双电机驱动系统模式切换瞬态特性与控制方法研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2025, 56(4): 532-542., articleTitle=电动拖拉机双电机驱动系统模式切换瞬态特性与控制方法研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089355288881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=56, issue=4, pageStart=532, pageEnd=542, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=ZHAO Zihao, XIE Bin, WEN Changkai, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Zihao, XIE Bin, WEN Changkai, et al. Transient characteristics and control methods of mode switching in electric tractor dual motor drive system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2025, 56(4): 532-542. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Transient characteristics and control methods of mode switching in electric tractor dual motor drive system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089422397746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=247, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=WEN C, ZHANG S, XIE B, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEN C, ZHANG S, XIE B, et al. Design and verification innovative approach of dual-motor power coupling drive systems for electric tractors[J]. Energy, 2022, 247: 123538., articleTitle=Design and verification innovative approach of dual-motor power coupling drive systems for electric tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089489506611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=465, pageEnd=475, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=KWON D, AHN D V, KIM J G, journalName=Journal of Biosystems Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KWON D, AHN D V, KIM J G, et al. Effect analysis of motor power characteristics on the energy consumption of dual motor driven powertrain for electric tractor[J]. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2024, 49(4): 465-475., articleTitle=Effect analysis of motor power characteristics on the energy consumption of dual motor driven powertrain for electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000089569198388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=23, pageStart=39, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=30, authorNames=刘浩鲁, 沈成, 胡良龙, journalName=农业工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘浩鲁, 沈成, 胡良龙, 等. 电动农业装备研究进展与发展趋势[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(23): 39-51., articleTitle=电动农业装备研究进展与发展趋势, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091087536438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=23, pageStart=39, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=LIU Haolu, SHEN Cheng, HU Lianglong, journalName=Transactions of the CSAE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Haolu, SHEN Cheng, HU Lianglong, et al. Research progress and development trend of electric agricultural equipments[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2024, 40(23): 39-51. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress and development trend of electric agricultural equipments, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091188199736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=32, authorNames=张洋, journalName=中国农机化导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张洋. 黄海金马YL254ET电动轮式拖拉机:优势尽显未来可期[N]. 中国农机化导报, 2025-06-05(004)., articleTitle=黄海金马YL254ET电动轮式拖拉机:优势尽显未来可期, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091263697209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=1, issue=6, pageStart=61, pageEnd=73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=33, authorNames=姚科艳, 刘传俊, 薛洲, journalName=华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=姚科艳, 刘传俊, 薛洲. 新质生产力视域下农机装备科技创新:逻辑理路、现实困境与推进策略[J]. 华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2024, 1(6): 61-73., articleTitle=新质生产力视域下农机装备科技创新:逻辑理路、现实困境与推进策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091322417466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=1, issue=6, pageStart=61, pageEnd=73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=34, authorNames=YAO Keyan, LIU Chuanjun, XUE Zhou, journalName=Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), refType=null, unstructuredReference=YAO Keyan, LIU Chuanjun, XUE Zhou. Agricultural equipment innovation from the perspective of new quality productive forces: logical framework challenges and promotion strategy[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), 2024, 1(6): 61-73. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Agricultural equipment innovation from the perspective of new quality productive forces: logical framework challenges and promotion strategy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091393720635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=18, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=35, authorNames=何欢, journalName=农机质量与监督, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何欢. 发展智能纯电拖拉机推进农业绿色化[J]. 农机质量与监督, 2025(6): 18-19., articleTitle=发展智能纯电拖拉机推进农业绿色化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091460829500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=46, issue=6, pageStart=8, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=36, authorNames=谢斌, 张超, 陈硕, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢斌, 张超, 陈硕, 等. 双轮驱动电动拖拉机传动性能研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2015, 46(6): 8-13., articleTitle=双轮驱动电动拖拉机传动性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091536326973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=46, issue=6, pageStart=8, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=37, authorNames=XIE Bin, ZHANG Chao, CHEN Shuo, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Bin, ZHANG Chao, CHEN Shuo, et al. Transmission performance of two-wheel drive electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(6): 8-13. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Transmission performance of two-wheel drive electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091607630142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=219, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=38, authorNames=LI X, XU L, LIU M, journalName=Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI X, XU L, LIU M, et al. Research on torque cooperative control of distributed drive system for fuel cell electric tractor[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024, 219: 108811., articleTitle=Research on torque cooperative control of distributed drive system for fuel cell electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091674739007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=3, pageStart=401, pageEnd=411, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=39, authorNames=李贤哲, 张明柱, 刘孟楠, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李贤哲, 张明柱, 刘孟楠, 等. 基于多岛遗传算法的电动拖拉机分布式驱动系统优化设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(3): 401-411., articleTitle=基于多岛遗传算法的电动拖拉机分布式驱动系统优化设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091741847872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=3, pageStart=401, pageEnd=411, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=40, authorNames=LI Xianzhe, ZHANG Mingzhu, LIU Mengnan, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Xianzhe, ZHANG Mingzhu, LIU Mengnan, et al. Optimized design and validation of distributed drive system for electric tractor based on multi-island genetic algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(3): 401-411. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Optimized design and validation of distributed drive system for electric tractor based on multi-island genetic algorithm, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000091884454209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=221, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=41, authorNames=LUO Z, XIE B, CHEN Z, journalName=Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO Z, XIE B, CHEN Z, et al. Learning-based double layer control method of yaw stability simulation research for rear wheel independent drive electric tractor plowing operation[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024, 221: 108985., articleTitle=Learning-based double layer control method of yaw stability simulation research for rear wheel independent drive electric tractor plowing operation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092001894722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=75, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=42, authorNames=李明生, 王元俊, 谢守勇, journalName=中国农机装备, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明生, 王元俊, 谢守勇, 等. 电动拖拉机现状及发展展望[J]. 中国农机装备, 2023(7): 75-80., articleTitle=电动拖拉机现状及发展展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092077392195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=75, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=43, authorNames=LI Mingsheng, WANG Yuanjun, XIE Shouyong, journalName=China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Mingsheng, WANG Yuanjun, XIE Shouyong, et al. Research status and development prospect of electric tractors[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2023(7): 75-80. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research status and development prospect of electric tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092152889668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=53, issue=增刊1, pageStart=348, pageEnd=364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=44, authorNames=刘孟楠, 雷生辉, 赵静慧, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘孟楠, 雷生辉, 赵静慧, 等. 电动拖拉机发展历程与研究现状综述[J]. 农业机械学报, 2022, 53(增刊1): 348-364., articleTitle=电动拖拉机发展历程与研究现状综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092249358661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=53, issue=Supp.1, pageStart=348, pageEnd=364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=45, authorNames=LIU Mengnan, LEI Shenghui, ZHAO Jinghui, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Mengnan, LEI Shenghui, ZHAO Jinghui, et al. Review of development process and research status of electric tractors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2022, 53(Supp.1): 348-364. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Review of development process and research status of electric tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092350021958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1960, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=1, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=46, authorNames=东北农学院农机系汽车与拖拉机教研组, journalName=东北农学院学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=东北农学院农机系汽车与拖拉机教研组. “电牛-33”和“电牛-55”电动拖拉机[J]. 东北农学院学报, 1960(3): 1-11., articleTitle=“电牛-33”和“电牛-55”电动拖拉机, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092459073863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1960, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=1, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=47, authorNames=Automobile and Tractor Teaching and Research Group, Department of Agricultural Machinery, Northeast Agricultural University, journalName=Journal of Northeast Agricultural College, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Automobile and Tractor Teaching and Research Group, Department of Agricultural Machinery, Northeast Agricultural University. “Electric cattle-33” and “electric cattle-55” electric tractors[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural College, 1960(3): 1-11., articleTitle=“Electric cattle-33” and “electric cattle-55” electric tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092526182728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=56, issue=4, pageStart=543, pageEnd=553, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=48, authorNames=徐立友, 石明岳, 刘孟楠, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐立友, 石明岳, 刘孟楠, 等. 基于质量闭环算法的双轴驱动燃料电池拖拉机参数研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2025, 56(4): 543-553., articleTitle=基于质量闭环算法的双轴驱动燃料电池拖拉机参数研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092622651721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=56, issue=4, pageStart=543, pageEnd=553, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=49, authorNames=XU Liyou, SHI Mingyue, LIU Mengnan, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Liyou, SHI Mingyue, LIU Mengnan, et al. Parameter research of dual-axle drive fuel cell tractor based on mass closure algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2025, 56(4): 543-553. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Parameter research of dual-axle drive fuel cell tractor based on mass closure algorithm, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092723315018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=50, authorNames=ESTEVEZ M A P, FRIGOLA J M, LLOBET J A, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management: X, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ESTEVEZ M A P, FRIGOLA J M, LLOBET J A, et al. Optimal design of a series hybrid powertrain for an agricultural tractor[J]. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 2024, 24: 100789., articleTitle=Optimal design of a series hybrid powertrain for an agricultural tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092794618187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=24, pageEnd=31,36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=51, authorNames=邓晓亭, 朱思洪, 高辉松, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邓晓亭, 朱思洪, 高辉松, 等. 混合动力拖拉机传动系统设计理论与方法[J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(8): 24-31,36., articleTitle=混合动力拖拉机传动系统设计理论与方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092870115660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=24, pageEnd=31,36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=52, authorNames=DENG Xiaoting, ZHU Sihong, GAO Huisong, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DENG Xiaoting, ZHU Sihong, GAO Huisong, et al. Design theory and method for drive train of hybrid electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(8): 24-31,36. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design theory and method for drive train of hybrid electric tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000092949807437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=55, issue=1, pageStart=366, pageEnd=381, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=53, authorNames=李金凤, 张学敏, 宋正河, journalName=吉林大学学报(工学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=李金凤, 张学敏, 宋正河, 等. 基于TRIZ理论的分布式混合动力拖拉机动力系统设计与验证[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(1): 366-381., articleTitle=基于TRIZ理论的分布式混合动力拖拉机动力系统设计与验证, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093025304910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=55, issue=1, pageStart=366, pageEnd=381, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=54, authorNames=LI Jinfeng, ZHANG Xuemin, SONG Zhenghe, journalName=Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Jinfeng, ZHANG Xuemin, SONG Zhenghe, et al. Design and experiment of distributed hybrid electric tractor powertrain system based on TRIZ theory[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(1): 366-381. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and experiment of distributed hybrid electric tractor powertrain system based on TRIZ theory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093121773903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=13, issue=9, pageStart=2197, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=55, authorNames=TRONCON D, ALBERTI L, journalName=Energies, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TRONCON D, ALBERTI L. Case of study of the electrification of a tractor: electric motor performance requirements and design[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(9): 2197., articleTitle=Case of study of the electrification of a tractor: electric motor performance requirements and design, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093205659984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=26, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=56, authorNames=窦海石, 王卓兵, 张幽彤, journalName=拖拉机与农用运输车, refType=null, unstructuredReference=窦海石, 王卓兵, 张幽彤. 双流耦合拖拉机设计及动力系统参数校核[J]. 拖拉机与农用运输车, 2025(3): 26-29., articleTitle=双流耦合拖拉机设计及动力系统参数校核, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093281157457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=26, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=57, authorNames=DOU Haishi, WANG Zhuobing, ZHANG Youtong, journalName=Tractor & Farm Transporter, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DOU Haishi, WANG Zhuobing, ZHANG Youtong. Design of dual-stream coupled tractor and verification of power system parameters[J]. Tractor & Farm Transporter, 2025(3): 26-29. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design of dual-stream coupled tractor and verification of power system parameters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093348266322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=12, pageStart=505, pageEnd=518,538, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=58, authorNames=张凯, 鲁植雄, 王琳, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张凯, 鲁植雄, 王琳, 等. 基于杠杆拓扑法的混合动力拖拉机ECVT构型设计与节能控制[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(12): 505-518,538., articleTitle=基于杠杆拓扑法的混合动力拖拉机ECVT构型设计与节能控制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093415375187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=12, pageStart=505, pageEnd=518,538, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=59, authorNames=ZHANG Kai, LU Zhixiong, WANG Lin, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Kai, LU Zhixiong, WANG Lin, et al. ECVT configuration design and energy-saving control of hybrid tractor based on lever topology method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(12): 505-518,538. (in Chinese), articleTitle=ECVT configuration design and energy-saving control of hybrid tractor based on lever topology method, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093524427092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=8, pageStart=42, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=60, authorNames=李明生, 鄢玉林, 谢守勇, journalName=中国农机装备, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明生, 鄢玉林, 谢守勇, 等. 甲烷动力拖拉机研究现状及发展展望[J]. 中国农机装备, 2023(8): 42-46., articleTitle=甲烷动力拖拉机研究现状及发展展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093595730261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=8, pageStart=42, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=61, authorNames=LI Mingsheng, YAN Yulin, XIE Shouyong, journalName=China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Mingsheng, YAN Yulin, XIE Shouyong, et al. Research status and development prospect of methane-powered tractor[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2023(8): 42-46. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research status and development prospect of methane-powered tractor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093729947990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=62, authorNames=盛杰, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=盛杰. 装备机液复合传动装置的混合动力拖拉机模式切换品质优化[D]. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2024., articleTitle=装备机液复合传动装置的混合动力拖拉机模式切换品质优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093797056855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=63, authorNames=SHENG Jie, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHENG Jie. Optimization of mode switching quality for hybrid composite transmission devices tractors equipped with mechanical hydraulic[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2024. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Optimization of mode switching quality for hybrid composite transmission devices tractors equipped with mechanical hydraulic, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093868360024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=229, pageEnd=236, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=64, authorNames=王磊, 陈建, 胡陈君, journalName=中国农机化学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王磊, 陈建, 胡陈君, 等. 电动微耕机的研究现状及分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(1): 229-236., articleTitle=电动微耕机的研究现状及分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000093935468889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=229, pageEnd=236, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=65, authorNames=WANG Lei, CHEN Jian, HU Chenjun, journalName=Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Lei, CHEN Jian, HU Chenjun, et al. Research status and analysis of electric mini-tiller[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2020, 41(1): 229-236. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research status and analysis of electric mini-tiller, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000094010966362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=54, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=66, authorNames=徐立友, 张俊江, 闫祥海, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐立友, 张俊江, 闫祥海, 等. 农业装备电动化技术研究综述[J]. 农业机械学报, 2023, 54(9): 1-12., articleTitle=农业装备电动化技术研究综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095638356315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=54, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=67, authorNames=XU Liyou, ZHANG Junjiang, YAN Xianghai, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Liyou, ZHANG Junjiang, YAN Xianghai, et al. Review of research for agricultural equipment electrification technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2023, 54(9): 1-12. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Review of research for agricultural equipment electrification technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095722242396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=14, pageStart=174, pageEnd=177, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=68, authorNames=齐兴源, 林蜀云, 王应芬, journalName=安徽农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=齐兴源, 林蜀云, 王应芬, 等. 一种小型电动微耕机的设计[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2024, 52(14): 174-177., articleTitle=一种小型电动微耕机的设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095780962653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=14, pageStart=174, pageEnd=177, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=69, authorNames=QI Xingyuan, LIN Shuyun, WANG Yingfen, journalName=Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QI Xingyuan, LIN Shuyun, WANG Yingfen, et al. Design of a small electric micro tiller[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 52(14): 174-177. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design of a small electric micro tiller, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095839682910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=41, issue=14, pageStart=6557, pageEnd=6560, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=70, authorNames=刘学林, 王晶, 高辉松, journalName=安徽农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘学林, 王晶, 高辉松. 基于轮毂电机驱动的电动微耕机机架设计与分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2013, 41(14): 6557-6560., articleTitle=基于轮毂电机驱动的电动微耕机机架设计与分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095910986079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=41, issue=14, pageStart=6557, pageEnd=6560, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=71, authorNames=LIU Xuelin, WANG Jing, GAO Huisong, journalName=Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Xuelin, WANG Jing, GAO Huisong. Design and analysis of electric micro-farming machine frame based on the in-wheel motor[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(14): 6557-6560. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and analysis of electric micro-farming machine frame based on the in-wheel motor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000095978094944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=179, pageEnd=191, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=72, authorNames=薛劭帅, 蔡宗平, 李庆, journalName=西南大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=薛劭帅, 蔡宗平, 李庆, 等. 基于超级电容辅能的电动微耕机复合电源系统研究与试验[J]. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 45(2): 179-191., articleTitle=基于超级电容辅能的电动微耕机复合电源系统研究与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096057786721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=179, pageEnd=191, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=73, authorNames=XUE Shaoshuai, CAI Zongping, LI Qing, journalName=Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), refType=null, unstructuredReference=XUE Shaoshuai, CAI Zongping, LI Qing, et al. Research and experiment on composite power supply system of micro-tiller based on supercapacitor auxiliary energy[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 45(2): 179-191. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research and experiment on composite power supply system of micro-tiller based on supercapacitor auxiliary energy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096133284194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=6, issue=3, pageStart=11, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=74, authorNames=杨晓, 樊宝龙, 温昌凯, journalName=智能化农业装备学报(中英文), refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨晓, 樊宝龙, 温昌凯, 等. 手扶自走式电动微耕机设计与试验[J]. 智能化农业装备学报(中英文), 2025, 6(3): 11-21., articleTitle=手扶自走式电动微耕机设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096212975971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=6, issue=3, pageStart=11, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=75, authorNames=YANG Xiao, FAN Baolong, WEN Changkai, journalName=Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Xiao, FAN Baolong, WEN Changkai, et al. Design and experiment of hand assisted self-propelled electric micro tillage machine[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 6(3): 11-21. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and experiment of hand assisted self-propelled electric micro tillage machine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096280084836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=23, pageStart=63, pageEnd=72, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=76, authorNames=王家博, 魏文波, 王广阔, journalName=农业工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王家博, 魏文波, 王广阔, 等. 履带式电动微耕机自动导航系统设计与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(23): 63-72., articleTitle=履带式电动微耕机自动导航系统设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096351388005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=23, pageStart=63, pageEnd=72, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=77, authorNames=WANG Jiabo, WEI Wenbo, WANG Guangkuo, journalName=Transactions of the CSAE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Jiabo, WEI Wenbo, WANG Guangkuo, et al. Design and experiment of the automatic navigation system for tracked electric micro tillers[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2024, 40(23): 63-72. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and experiment of the automatic navigation system for tracked electric micro tillers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096435274086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=16, issue=4, pageStart=116, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=78, authorNames=XIAO M, MA Y, WANG C, journalName=International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIAO M, MA Y, WANG C, et al. Design and experiment of fuzzy-PID based tillage depth control system for a self-propelled electric tiller[J]. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2023, 16(4): 116-125., articleTitle=Design and experiment of fuzzy-PID based tillage depth control system for a self-propelled electric tiller, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096514965863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=50, issue=6, pageStart=12, pageEnd=14,51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=79, authorNames=赵萌, 林蔚然, 杨忠昌, journalName=机电工程技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵萌, 林蔚然, 杨忠昌, 等. 基于微型自耕机混合动力控制方法及混合机械动力装置设计[J]. 机电工程技术, 2021, 50(6): 12-14,51., articleTitle=基于微型自耕机混合动力控制方法及混合机械动力装置设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096611434856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=50, issue=6, pageStart=12, pageEnd=14,51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=80, authorNames=ZHAO Meng, LIN Weiran, YANG Zhongchang, journalName=Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Meng, LIN Weiran, YANG Zhongchang, et al. Hybrid control method and hybrid mechanical power device design based on miniature self-tiller[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology, 2021, 50(6): 12-14,51. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Hybrid control method and hybrid mechanical power device design based on miniature self-tiller, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096678543721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=81, authorNames=刘声扬, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘声扬. 丘陵山地果园轮腿移动平台总体设计及转向驱动控制研究[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2024., articleTitle=丘陵山地果园轮腿移动平台总体设计及转向驱动控制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096754041194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=82, authorNames=LIU Shengyang, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Shengyang. Research on the overall design and steering drive control of the wheel-legged mobile platform in hilly orchards[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2024. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research on the overall design and steering drive control of the wheel-legged mobile platform in hilly orchards, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096833732971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=17, pageStart=53, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[49], rfOrder=83, authorNames=颜鹏, 陈平录, 于成龙, journalName=南方农机, refType=null, unstructuredReference=颜鹏, 陈平录, 于成龙, 等. 丘陵山地果园移动平台研究现状与展望[J]. 南方农机, 2024, 55(17): 53-56., articleTitle=丘陵山地果园移动平台研究现状与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096921813356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=9, pageStart=240, pageEnd=244, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=84, authorNames=潘良, 佘小明, 傅川, journalName=农机化研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘良, 佘小明, 傅川, 等. 小型通用轮式电动底盘设计与试验[J]. 农机化研究, 2023, 45(9): 240-244., articleTitle=小型通用轮式电动底盘设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000096988922221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=9, pageStart=240, pageEnd=244, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=85, authorNames=PAN Liang, SHE Xiaoming, FU Chuan, journalName=Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN Liang, SHE Xiaoming, FU Chuan, et al. Design and test of small all-purpose wheeled electric chassis[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2023, 45(9): 240-244. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and test of small all-purpose wheeled electric chassis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097047642478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=180, pageEnd=186, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=86, authorNames=褚阳阳, 汪冰清, 薛金林, journalName=中国农机化学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=褚阳阳, 汪冰清, 薛金林, 等. 轮式果园多功能自主导航作业平台设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(2): 180-186., articleTitle=轮式果园多功能自主导航作业平台设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097110557039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=180, pageEnd=186, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=87, authorNames=CHU Yangyang, WANG Bingqing, XUE Jinlin, journalName=Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHU Yangyang, WANG Bingqing, XUE Jinlin, et al. Design of a wheeled multi-function autonomous operation platform in orchard[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(2): 180-186. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design of a wheeled multi-function autonomous operation platform in orchard, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097173471600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=88, authorNames=田生睿, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田生睿. 棚室机器人通用作业平台的研究与应用[D]. 大庆: 黑龙江八一农垦大学, 2021., articleTitle=棚室机器人通用作业平台的研究与应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097253163377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=89, authorNames=TIAN Shengrui, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TIAN Shengrui. Research and application of a universal operational platform for greenhouse robots[D]. Daqing: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 2021. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research and application of a universal operational platform for greenhouse robots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097316077938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=8, pageStart=232, pageEnd=237, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=90, authorNames=宫庆福, 宋月鹏, 马伟, journalName=中国农机化学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宫庆福, 宋月鹏, 马伟, 等. 丘陵果园小型履带式农用底盘设计及有限元分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(8): 232-237., articleTitle=丘陵果园小型履带式农用底盘设计及有限元分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097387381107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=8, pageStart=232, pageEnd=237, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=91, authorNames=GONG Qingfu, SONG Yuepeng, MA Wei, journalName=Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GONG Qingfu, SONG Yuepeng, MA Wei, et al. Design and finite element analysis of small crawler agricultural chassis in hilly orchard[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(8): 232-237. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and finite element analysis of small crawler agricultural chassis in hilly orchard, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097450295668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=14, issue=2, pageStart=271, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[54], rfOrder=92, authorNames=YUE B, ZHANG Z, ZHANG W, journalName=Agronomy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YUE B, ZHANG Z, ZHANG W, et al. Design of an automatic navigation and operation system for a crawler-based orchard sprayer using GNSS positioning[J]. Agronomy, 2024, 14(2): 271., articleTitle=Design of an automatic navigation and operation system for a crawler-based orchard sprayer using GNSS positioning, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097504821621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=47, issue=9, pageStart=251, pageEnd=260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=93, authorNames=董继伟, 潘良, 曹中华, journalName=农机化研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董继伟, 潘良, 曹中华, 等. 履带式果园对靶仿形施药机设计与试验[J]. 农机化研究, 2025, 47(9): 251-260., articleTitle=履带式果园对靶仿形施药机设计与试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097576124790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=47, issue=9, pageStart=251, pageEnd=260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=94, authorNames=DONG Jiwei, PAN Liang, CAO Zhonghua, journalName=Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DONG Jiwei, PAN Liang, CAO Zhonghua, et al. Design and experiment of tracked orchard target alignment and profiling sprayer machine[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2025, 47(9): 251-260. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Design and experiment of tracked orchard target alignment and profiling sprayer machine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097685176695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=175, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[56], rfOrder=95, authorNames=NI L, WU L, ZHANG H, journalName=Mechanism and Machine Theory, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NI L, WU L, ZHANG H. Parameters uncertainty analysis of posture control of a four-wheel-legged robot with series slow active suspension system[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2022, 175: 104966., articleTitle=Parameters uncertainty analysis of posture control of a four-wheel-legged robot with series slow active suspension system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097865531768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=131, issue=null, pageStart=628, pageEnd=638, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=96, authorNames=LIU D, WANG J, LEI T, journalName=ISA Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU D, WANG J, LEI T, et al. Active suspension control with consensus strategy for dynamic posture tracking of wheel-legged robotic systems on uneven surfaces[J]. ISA Transactions, 2022, 131: 628-638., articleTitle=Active suspension control with consensus strategy for dynamic posture tracking of wheel-legged robotic systems on uneven surfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097924252025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=6, pageStart=380, pageEnd=391,403, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[58], rfOrder=97, authorNames=张庆, 潘烤鑫, 王振宇, journalName=农业机械学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张庆, 潘烤鑫, 王振宇, 等. 复杂地形下仿生轮腿式机器人位姿控制研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(6): 380-391,403., articleTitle=复杂地形下仿生轮腿式机器人位姿控制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000097999749498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=55, issue=6, pageStart=380, pageEnd=391,403, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[58], rfOrder=98, authorNames=ZHANG Qing, PAN Kaoxin, WANG Zhenyu, journalName=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Qing, PAN Kaoxin, WANG Zhenyu, et al. Pose control of biomimetic wheel-egged robots in complex terrain[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(6): 380-391,403. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Pose control of biomimetic wheel-egged robots in complex terrain, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098083635579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=5, pageStart=5, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[59], rfOrder=99, authorNames=欧阳安, journalName=农业工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=欧阳安. 我国农用无人机产业发展现状及建议[J]. 农业工程, 2022, 12(5): 5-9., articleTitle=我国农用无人机产业发展现状及建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098167521660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=5, pageStart=5, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[59], rfOrder=100, authorNames=OUYANG An, journalName=Agricultural Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OUYANG An. Development status and suggestions of agricultural UAV industry in China[J]. Agricultural Engineering, 2022, 12(5): 5-9. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development status and suggestions of agricultural UAV industry in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098238824830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[60], rfOrder=101, authorNames=WARGO C A, CHURCH G C, GLANEUESKI J, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WARGO C A, CHURCH G C, GLANEUESKI J, et al. Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) research and future analysis[C]//2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 2014: 1-16., articleTitle=Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) research and future analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098310127999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=33, issue=20, pageStart=1, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[61], rfOrder=102, authorNames=周志艳, 明锐, 臧禹, journalName=农业工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周志艳, 明锐, 臧禹, 等. 中国农业航空发展现状及对策建议[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(20): 1-13., articleTitle=中国农业航空发展现状及对策建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098373042560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=33, issue=20, pageStart=1, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[61], rfOrder=103, authorNames=ZHOU Zhiyan, MING Rui, ZANG Yu, journalName=Transactions of the CSAE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Zhiyan, MING Rui, ZANG Yu, et al. Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017, 33(20): 1-13. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098435957121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[62], rfOrder=104, authorNames=工业和信息化部, 农业农村部, 国家发展改革委, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=工业和信息化部, 农业农村部, 国家发展改革委. 农机装备发展行动方案(2016—2025)[R]. 北京: 工业和信息化部, 2016-12-22., articleTitle=农机装备发展行动方案(2016—2025), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000098498871682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[63], rfOrder=105, authorNames=国务院, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国务院. 加快推进农业机械化和农机装备产业转型升级的指导意见[R]. 北京: 国务院, 2018-12-21., articleTitle=加快推进农业机械化和农机装备产业转型升级的指导意见, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000100155621763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[64], rfOrder=106, authorNames=国务院, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国务院. “十四五”推进农业农村现代化规划[R]. 北京: 国务院, 2021-11-12., articleTitle=“十四五”推进农业农村现代化规划, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000100386308484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[65], rfOrder=107, authorNames=农业农村部, 国家发展改革委, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=农业农村部, 国家发展改革委. 农业农村减排固碳实施方案[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2022-06-29., articleTitle=农业农村减排固碳实施方案, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000100499554693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[66], rfOrder=108, authorNames=农业农村部, 财政部, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=农业农村部, 财政部. 2024—2026年农机购置与应用补贴实施意见[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2024-04-30., articleTitle=2024—2026年农机购置与应用补贴实施意见, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000100889624966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[67], rfOrder=109, authorNames=科技部, 农业农村部, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=科技部, 农业农村部. 全国农业科技创新重点领域(2024—2028年)[R]. 北京: 科技部, 2024-11-05., articleTitle=全国农业科技创新重点领域(2024—2028年), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101229363591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[68], rfOrder=110, authorNames=农业农村部, 国家发展改革委, 财政部, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=农业农村部, 国家发展改革委, 财政部. 关于实施好2025年农业机械报废更新补贴政策的通知[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2025-02-20., articleTitle=关于实施好2025年农业机械报废更新补贴政策的通知, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101304861064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[69], rfOrder=111, authorNames=中共中央, 国务院, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中共中央, 国务院. 中共中央国务院关于进一步深化农村改革扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见[R]. 北京: 中共中央、国务院, 2025-02-23., articleTitle=中共中央国务院关于进一步深化农村改革扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101380358537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=31, pageStart=103, pageEnd=104, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[70], rfOrder=112, authorNames=杨志平, journalName=农业机械, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨志平. 电动力农业机械发展现状和趋势分析[J]. 农业机械, 2013(31): 103-104., articleTitle=电动力农业机械发展现状和趋势分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101648793994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=8, pageStart=281, pageEnd=287, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[71], rfOrder=113, authorNames=王世龙, 卜凡鹏, 勇晔, journalName=中国农机化学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王世龙, 卜凡鹏, 勇晔, 等. 电动农机规模化应用路径及发展趋势预测[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(8): 281-287., articleTitle=电动农机规模化应用路径及发展趋势预测, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101732680075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=8, pageStart=281, pageEnd=287, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[71], rfOrder=114, authorNames=WANG Shilong, BU Fanpeng, YONG Ye, journalName=Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Shilong, BU Fanpeng, YONG Ye, et al. Path to large-scale application and prediction of development trend for electric agricultural machinery[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(8): 281-287. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Path to large-scale application and prediction of development trend for electric agricultural machinery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101803983244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=6, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[72], rfOrder=115, authorNames=买合木江·巴吐尔, 毛吾兰, 刘佳, journalName=农业工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=买合木江·巴吐尔, 毛吾兰, 刘佳, 等. 农业机械智能化技术发展现状[J]. 农业工程, 2025, 15(6): 1-7., articleTitle=农业机械智能化技术发展现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000101887869325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=6, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[72], rfOrder=116, authorNames=BATUER Maihemujiang, MAO Wulan, LIU Jia, journalName=Agricultural Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BATUER Maihemujiang, MAO Wulan, LIU Jia, et al. Development status of agricultural machinery intelligence technology[J]. Agricultural Engineering, 2025, 15(6): 1-7. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development status of agricultural machinery intelligence technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102072418702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=67, pageEnd=69, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[73], rfOrder=117, authorNames=张澍, journalName=农业机械, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张澍. 新能源农机技术动力装置展望[J]. 农业机械, 2019(2): 67-69., articleTitle=新能源农机技术动力装置展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102135333263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=102, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[74], rfOrder=118, authorNames=沈文龙, 周俊, 姬长英, journalName=中国农机化学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈文龙, 周俊, 姬长英, 等. 中国电动拖拉机研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2017, 38(10): 102-107., articleTitle=中国电动拖拉机研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102198247824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=102, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[74], rfOrder=119, authorNames=SHEN Wenlong, ZHOU Jun, JI Changying, journalName=Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN Wenlong, ZHOU Jun, JI Changying, et al. Research review about electric tractor in China[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017, 38(10): 102-107. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research review about electric tractor in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102261162385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=2, pageStart=81, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[75], rfOrder=120, authorNames=田瑞丰, 张诚, 杨晓, journalName=农学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田瑞丰, 张诚, 杨晓. 新能源智能拖拉机发展现状与技术趋势[J]. 农学学报, 2025, 15(2): 81-88., articleTitle=新能源智能拖拉机发展现状与技术趋势, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102336659858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=2, pageStart=81, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[75], rfOrder=121, authorNames=TIAN Ruifeng, ZHANG Cheng, YANG Xiao, journalName=Journal of Agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TIAN Ruifeng, ZHANG Cheng, YANG Xiao. Development status and technical trend of new energy power & intelligence tractors[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(2): 81-88. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Development status and technical trend of new energy power & intelligence tractors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312000102491849107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=40, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[76], rfOrder=122, authorNames=董涛, journalName=农机市场, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董涛. 新能源农机发展浅析[J]. 农机市场, 2024(4): 40-41., articleTitle=新能源农机发展浅析, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1312000087128113428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, awardId=2024YFD2001302, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2001302), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1312000087220388117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, awardId=ZBYS-ZYC-2025-6, language=CN, fundingSource=工业和信息化部“推动智能农机装备发展相关支撑工作”项目(ZBYS-ZYC-2025-6), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074469703863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074482286776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074490675385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846)]), AuthorCompany(id=1312000074570367162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074582950075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074595532988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)]), AuthorCompany(id=1312000074679419069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074687807678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074696196287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1312000078215217377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Representative foreign single-motor-driven tractor products, figureFileSmall=GmHFVO0rnDsSohNNd6uxoA==, figureFileBig=P7K0+/T8Yf6czy+yuAsRew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078269743330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图1, caption=国外典型单电机驱动拖拉机产品, figureFileSmall=GmHFVO0rnDsSohNNd6uxoA==, figureFileBig=P7K0+/T8Yf6czy+yuAsRew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078471069923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Representative dual-motor-driven tractor products, figureFileSmall=/8U18BHUDD4FJAsNcYYOlA==, figureFileBig=pxXzGUowiHNfDKmFUuXVtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078538178788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图2, caption=典型的双电机驱动拖拉机产品, figureFileSmall=/8U18BHUDD4FJAsNcYYOlA==, figureFileBig=pxXzGUowiHNfDKmFUuXVtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078605287653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Representative wheel-side distributed-drive tractor products, figureFileSmall=5YEgXsCNJaeiSLmjxx9edw==, figureFileBig=Uaf7uqg80KDJzgz9EAgkbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078664007910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图3, caption=典型的轮边分布式驱动拖拉机产品, figureFileSmall=5YEgXsCNJaeiSLmjxx9edw==, figureFileBig=Uaf7uqg80KDJzgz9EAgkbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078722728167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Early-stage cable-electric tractor products, figureFileSmall=od22A7JKECZ1TxcyYatkXg==, figureFileBig=Hw/HK1exYeQfdkkueK+6oA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078777254120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图4, caption=早期的缆电拖拉机产品, figureFileSmall=od22A7JKECZ1TxcyYatkXg==, figureFileBig=Hw/HK1exYeQfdkkueK+6oA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078840168681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Current-stage cable-electric tractor products, figureFileSmall=GIZCIa2OGw1h0NlaN+vxnQ==, figureFileBig=4OLJyMboK0SYsG4VhHYQlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078894694634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图5, caption=当前阶段的缆电拖拉机产品, figureFileSmall=GIZCIa2OGw1h0NlaN+vxnQ==, figureFileBig=4OLJyMboK0SYsG4VhHYQlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000078953414891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Representative methane-fuel-powered tractor products, figureFileSmall=+iPGWLBBE/FEQYl5BSCBQA==, figureFileBig=vB3GiLYXRffy5ZrHZZyNHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079016329452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图6, caption=甲烷燃料动力拖拉机, figureFileSmall=+iPGWLBBE/FEQYl5BSCBQA==, figureFileBig=vB3GiLYXRffy5ZrHZZyNHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079083438317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Representative hydrogen-fuel-powered tractor products, figureFileSmall=fm5HNMgppYddW4WfXLoPlA==, figureFileBig=7cYbTFuPAyLh3haeeRnt1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079179907310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图7, caption=氢燃料动力拖拉机, figureFileSmall=fm5HNMgppYddW4WfXLoPlA==, figureFileBig=7cYbTFuPAyLh3haeeRnt1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079414788335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Representative alcohol-fuel-powered tractor products, figureFileSmall=iJyyVHz88JPR3MjQxCk9uw==, figureFileBig=GHeRlAcOtUmfw6x4pGElYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079473508592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图8, caption=醇燃料动力拖拉机, figureFileSmall=iJyyVHz88JPR3MjQxCk9uw==, figureFileBig=GHeRlAcOtUmfw6x4pGElYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079532228849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Small electric mini tiller, figureFileSmall=HTt8B74iAdeQSr+rGciUbQ==, figureFileBig=v/c9w2O5hgYPCpdw31arzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079595143410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图9, caption=小型电动微耕机, figureFileSmall=HTt8B74iAdeQSr+rGciUbQ==, figureFileBig=v/c9w2O5hgYPCpdw31arzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079662252275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Supercapacitor-lithium battery hybrid energy micro-tiller, figureFileSmall=NcSa26d1UAu14iG/iB4a/g==, figureFileBig=jpkix/W5zMeghVo9IQ6Wag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079733555444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图10, caption=超级电容-锂电池复合能源微耕机, figureFileSmall=NcSa26d1UAu14iG/iB4a/g==, figureFileBig=jpkix/W5zMeghVo9IQ6Wag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079792275701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Walk-behind independent drive electric micro-tiller, figureFileSmall=cBYZZz64+tnwrTx7RGFiuw==, figureFileBig=JwGZopoonbufy+6zjNExKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000079905521910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图11, caption=手扶式独立驱动电动微耕机, figureFileSmall=cBYZZz64+tnwrTx7RGFiuw==, figureFileBig=JwGZopoonbufy+6zjNExKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080010379511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Self-propelled electric micro-tiller, figureFileSmall=G4SbsY6Ulzn+Mjo4Sx5x+w==, figureFileBig=RsYvRnUgTceRwq2RyyWJ6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080090071288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图12, caption=自走式电动微耕机, figureFileSmall=G4SbsY6Ulzn+Mjo4Sx5x+w==, figureFileBig=RsYvRnUgTceRwq2RyyWJ6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080152985849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Hybrid power micro-tiller, figureFileSmall=ZXmOaI5S1DgHWd9TvLCt7w==, figureFileBig=JmvreXNSWC3F/VJsiR5iSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080211706106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图13, caption=混合动力微耕机, figureFileSmall=ZXmOaI5S1DgHWd9TvLCt7w==, figureFileBig=JmvreXNSWC3F/VJsiR5iSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080274620667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Hydrogen fuel-lithium ion battery hybrid power micro-tiller, figureFileSmall=EdjxTXayDiSf2+1I5R0hJQ==, figureFileBig=lNDnw359za9fMuLOwSyGJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080354312444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图14, caption=氢燃料-锂离子电池混合动力微耕机, figureFileSmall=EdjxTXayDiSf2+1I5R0hJQ==, figureFileBig=lNDnw359za9fMuLOwSyGJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080417227005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=Automation Electric GUSS from the USA, figureFileSmall=Cq0XvgiVJj7PYJXPm4ddyg==, figureFileBig=V8bRslsMcq1qfBUKOcKsRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080488530174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图15, caption=美国GUSS Automation Electric, figureFileSmall=Cq0XvgiVJj7PYJXPm4ddyg==, figureFileBig=V8bRslsMcq1qfBUKOcKsRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000080551444735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 16, caption=Solix Autonomous Platform from Brazil, figureFileSmall=uo97QEYc7h5mhTNzM0QHpQ==, figureFileBig=pzpx6j2aX0tiHpCHDJ6uyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082401132800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图16, caption=巴西Solix Autonomous Platform, figureFileSmall=uo97QEYc7h5mhTNzM0QHpQ==, figureFileBig=pzpx6j2aX0tiHpCHDJ6uyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082472435970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 17, caption=Cingo M600A-e from Italy, figureFileSmall=8Aimc3TzgeY/QdcT+Ag7Gw==, figureFileBig=30dAKVyczfrVtnpIQKHySQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082778620163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图17, caption=意大利Cingo M600A-e, figureFileSmall=8Aimc3TzgeY/QdcT+Ag7Gw==, figureFileBig=30dAKVyczfrVtnpIQKHySQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082841534724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 18, caption=Electric tracked rotary tilling robot, figureFileSmall=MRYDM1i2G9yZNsBkPYzuzw==, figureFileBig=WKXAYjwWdHfMMdSn76dTHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082900254981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图18, caption=纯电动履带式旋耕机器人, figureFileSmall=MRYDM1i2G9yZNsBkPYzuzw==, figureFileBig=WKXAYjwWdHfMMdSn76dTHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000082979946758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 19, caption=Four-wheel legged robot platform, figureFileSmall=A47fFfP80ZbqVWctM+u6Lg==, figureFileBig=Z877usKn8GaO5r0KRHDyYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000083185467655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图19, caption=四轮腿式机器人平台, figureFileSmall=A47fFfP80ZbqVWctM+u6Lg==, figureFileBig=Z877usKn8GaO5r0KRHDyYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000083634258184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 20, caption=BITNAZA six-wheel legged robot platform, figureFileSmall=V16GE1RTh03hfs2fFYO8QQ==, figureFileBig=0QQ3mNudhJMD+SS3yj50fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000084095631625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图20, caption=BITNAZA六轮腿式机器人平台, figureFileSmall=V16GE1RTh03hfs2fFYO8QQ==, figureFileBig=0QQ3mNudhJMD+SS3yj50fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000084510867722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 21, caption=Pose-adjustable wheel-legged robot platform, figureFileSmall=B4hJEXpvVh7wZXjWLmrq1A==, figureFileBig=pVVpZd9nDfuh2R/QcHq4Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000084603142411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图21, caption=位姿自调节的轮腿式机器人平台, figureFileSmall=B4hJEXpvVh7wZXjWLmrq1A==, figureFileBig=pVVpZd9nDfuh2R/QcHq4Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000084875772172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 22, caption=Pure-electric agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle products, figureFileSmall=f5V43vaqHBDGGjP7VD389Q==, figureFileBig=oVrYvfuqHtL0ujri9xThUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000084976435469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图22, caption=纯电动型农用无人机, figureFileSmall=f5V43vaqHBDGGjP7VD389Q==, figureFileBig=oVrYvfuqHtL0ujri9xThUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000085068710158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Fig. 23, caption=Hybrid-powered agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle products, figureFileSmall=nn24eVeMg/3U/Mo5a02dXw==, figureFileBig=vJg8TjOMzMujXzeEb1yu7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000085160984847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=图23, caption=油电混合型农用无人机产品, figureFileSmall=nn24eVeMg/3U/Mo5a02dXw==, figureFileBig=vJg8TjOMzMujXzeEb1yu7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312000086784180496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Representative hybrid-power tractor products

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品功能特点
X concept series(Fendt,德国,2019)串联式混合动力,搭载147 kW柴油发动机,配备130 kW/700 V直流电力输出接口,配备主动安全系统
Rigitrac EWD120(Rigitrac Traktorenbau AG,瑞士,2022)串联式混合动力,配备91 kW发动机、85 kW发电机、4台额定功率33 kW的轮毂电机,整机可实现0~65 km/h无级变速作业,四轮/蟹式转向
东方红HB2204(中国一拖,2022)串联式混合动力,配备高效能量管理系统与智能电驱调速控制单元,整机实现0~40 km/h无级变速行驶
SRX Hybrid(AntonioCarraro,意大利,2018)并联式混合动力,配备55 kW发动机、20 kW电动机,搭载坡地稳定控制系统,智能切换纯电与并联模式
Landini(ARGO,意大利,2022)并联式混合动力,配备55 kW发动机、25 kW电池,搭载功率管理系统,在减速与制动时能够实现能量回收
8R 370 Hybrid(John Deere,美国,2019)混联式混合动力,搭载eAutoPowr功率分流动力系统,配置100 kW电力输出功能,智能切换串联与并联模式
T3204-7E(山东临工,2024)混联式混合动力,开发智能座舱并预留无人驾驶升级空间
), ArticleFig(id=1312000086868066577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

典型的混合动力拖拉机产品

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品功能特点
X concept series(Fendt,德国,2019)串联式混合动力,搭载147 kW柴油发动机,配备130 kW/700 V直流电力输出接口,配备主动安全系统
Rigitrac EWD120(Rigitrac Traktorenbau AG,瑞士,2022)串联式混合动力,配备91 kW发动机、85 kW发电机、4台额定功率33 kW的轮毂电机,整机可实现0~65 km/h无级变速作业,四轮/蟹式转向
东方红HB2204(中国一拖,2022)串联式混合动力,配备高效能量管理系统与智能电驱调速控制单元,整机实现0~40 km/h无级变速行驶
SRX Hybrid(AntonioCarraro,意大利,2018)并联式混合动力,配备55 kW发动机、20 kW电动机,搭载坡地稳定控制系统,智能切换纯电与并联模式
Landini(ARGO,意大利,2022)并联式混合动力,配备55 kW发动机、25 kW电池,搭载功率管理系统,在减速与制动时能够实现能量回收
8R 370 Hybrid(John Deere,美国,2019)混联式混合动力,搭载eAutoPowr功率分流动力系统,配置100 kW电力输出功能,智能切换串联与并联模式
T3204-7E(山东临工,2024)混联式混合动力,开发智能座舱并预留无人驾驶升级空间
), ArticleFig(id=1312000086943564050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Main relevant policies for development of new energy agricultural machinery

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号政策名称发文机关发布日期相关内容
1《农机装备发展行动方案(2016—2025)》工业和信息化部、农业农村部、国家发展改革委2016年12月22日指出将清洁燃料与新能源农用动力、电控喷射与新能源拖拉机列为重点发展产品
2《加快推进农业机械化和农机装备产业转型升级的指导意见》国务院2018年12月21日提出要构建绿色环保农机装备体系,推动电动农用运输机械和新能源农机具示范应用
3《“十四五”推进农业农村现代化规划》国务院2021年11月12日明确提出“推进农业机械化全程全面发展”,并强调“加强节能低碳、智能高效农机装备研发应用”
4《农业农村减排固碳实施方案》农业农村部、国家发展改革委2022年6月29日提出将农机节能减排作为重点任务,推广新能源技术和绿色节能农机装备,发展电动农机并加快高效低碳农机应用
5《2024—2026年农机购置与应用补贴实施意见》农业农村部、财政部2024年4月30日规范三年期农机购置与应用补贴,服务“全程、全面、高质量”机械化,支持先进适用、绿色智能农机装备推广;与“以旧换新”政策相互衔接
6《全国农业科技创新重点领域(2024—2028年)》科技部、农业农村部2024年11月5日明确农业科技创新重点领域,提出在农机装备方面加快推进智能化、绿色化、新能源农机装备研发与应用,支撑农业高质量发展
7《关于实施好2025年农业机械报废更新补贴政策的通知》农业农村部、国家发展改革委、财政部2025年2月19日明确继续实施农机报废更新补贴,要求加快淘汰老旧高耗能农机,推广先进适用、节能环保农机装备,推动农机装备结构优化升级
8《中共中央国务院关于进一步深化农村改革扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见》中共中央、国务院2025年2月23日提出“加快国产先进适用农机装备等研发应用”,明确支持农机装备向绿色高效、智能化方向发展
), ArticleFig(id=1312000087010672915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

新能源农机装备发展主要相关政策

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号政策名称发文机关发布日期相关内容
1《农机装备发展行动方案(2016—2025)》工业和信息化部、农业农村部、国家发展改革委2016年12月22日指出将清洁燃料与新能源农用动力、电控喷射与新能源拖拉机列为重点发展产品
2《加快推进农业机械化和农机装备产业转型升级的指导意见》国务院2018年12月21日提出要构建绿色环保农机装备体系,推动电动农用运输机械和新能源农机具示范应用
3《“十四五”推进农业农村现代化规划》国务院2021年11月12日明确提出“推进农业机械化全程全面发展”,并强调“加强节能低碳、智能高效农机装备研发应用”
4《农业农村减排固碳实施方案》农业农村部、国家发展改革委2022年6月29日提出将农机节能减排作为重点任务,推广新能源技术和绿色节能农机装备,发展电动农机并加快高效低碳农机应用
5《2024—2026年农机购置与应用补贴实施意见》农业农村部、财政部2024年4月30日规范三年期农机购置与应用补贴,服务“全程、全面、高质量”机械化,支持先进适用、绿色智能农机装备推广;与“以旧换新”政策相互衔接
6《全国农业科技创新重点领域(2024—2028年)》科技部、农业农村部2024年11月5日明确农业科技创新重点领域,提出在农机装备方面加快推进智能化、绿色化、新能源农机装备研发与应用,支撑农业高质量发展
7《关于实施好2025年农业机械报废更新补贴政策的通知》农业农村部、国家发展改革委、财政部2025年2月19日明确继续实施农机报废更新补贴,要求加快淘汰老旧高耗能农机,推广先进适用、节能环保农机装备,推动农机装备结构优化升级
8《中共中央国务院关于进一步深化农村改革扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见》中共中央、国务院2025年2月23日提出“加快国产先进适用农机装备等研发应用”,明确支持农机装备向绿色高效、智能化方向发展
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1311384913490051186, delFlag=0, nameCn=农业机械学报, nameEn=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-1298, eissn=null, cn=11-1964/S, coden=CODEN NUYCA3, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=DpMljKbCTPO4JEohCaKm5A==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1790588127731, updatedTime=1790740716593, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=N, firstLetterEn=N, subjectCode=Agriculture, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Agriculture, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=DpMljKbCTPO4JEohCaKm5A==, picEn=klDuz9nOYH3sS2mMFZcDKQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1311386928897945885, language=CN, name=农业机械学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1790588608240, updatedTime=1790588608240, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/user/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1311386928944083230, language=EN, name=Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1790588608251, updatedTime=1790588608251, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/jcsam/user/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1311385739772133495, websiteList=[Website(id=1311386135197221186, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1311385739772133495, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1790588419007, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1790588455647, updateBy=18614031015, name=农业机械学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=农业机械学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1312024622120399707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1790740646152, updateTime=1790740646152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622091039576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1790740646145, updateTime=1790740646145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622149759838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740646159, updateTime=1790740646159, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622078456663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=oEf7LShi6rv3EG1pNx7PwQ==, createTime=1790740646142, updateTime=1790740646142, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622166537056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740646163, updateTime=1790740646163, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622112011098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1790740646150, updateTime=1790740646150, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622158148447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740646161, updateTime=1790740646161, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622099428185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1790740646147, updateTime=1790740646147, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622128788316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1790740646154, updateTime=1790740646154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024622141371229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135197221186, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1790740646157, updateTime=1790740646157, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1311386135398547788, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1311385739772133495, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1790588419055, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1790740692575, updateBy=18614031015, name=农业机械学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1312024677325828967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1790740659314, updateTime=1790740659314, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677300663140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1790740659308, updateTime=1790740659308, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677350994794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740659320, updateTime=1790740659320, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677288080227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=oEf7LShi6rv3EG1pNx7PwQ==, createTime=1790740659305, updateTime=1790740659305, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677367772012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740659324, updateTime=1790740659324, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677317440358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1790740659312, updateTime=1790740659312, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677359383403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1790740659322, updateTime=1790740659322, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677309051749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1790740659310, updateTime=1790740659310, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677334217576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1790740659316, updateTime=1790740659316, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1312024677342606185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135398547788, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1790740659318, updateTime=1790740659318, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=农业机械学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.j-csam.org/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, journalPhotoCn=DpMljKbCTPO4JEohCaKm5A==, journalPhotoEn=klDuz9nOYH3sS2mMFZcDKQ==, journalFirstLetter=N, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN/10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/EN/10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN/PDF/10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/EN/PDF/10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1766592000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
农业新能源动力装备研究现状与发展建议
收藏切换
PDF下载
欧阳安 1 , 温昌凯 2 , 樊晨龙 3 , 宋正河 2
农业机械学报 | 智能农业动力装备关键技术专栏 2025,56(12): 41-58
收起
收藏切换
农业机械学报 |智能农业动力装备关键技术专栏 2025 , 56 (12) : 41 -58
农业新能源动力装备研究现状与发展建议
全屏
[Author(id=1312000074775888065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ouyangan@eidc.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000074842996931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074775888065, language=EN, stringName=An OUYANG, firstName=An, middleName=null, lastName=OUYANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000074910105796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074775888065, language=CN, stringName=欧阳安, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846, bio={"content":"

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074469703863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074482286776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074490675385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074469703863, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846)])]), Author(id=1312000074981408966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075065295048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074981408966, language=EN, stringName=Changkai WEN, firstName=Changkai, middleName=null, lastName=WEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075144986826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000074981408966, language=CN, stringName=温昌凯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074570367162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074582950075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074595532988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)])]), Author(id=1312000075224678605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075300176080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075224678605, language=EN, stringName=Chenlong FAN, firstName=Chenlong, middleName=null, lastName=FAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075384062161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075224678605, language=CN, stringName=樊晨龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074679419069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074687807678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074696196287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074679419069, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037)])]), Author(id=1312000075472142547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=songzhenghe@cau.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075572805845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075472142547, language=EN, stringName=Zhenghe SONG, firstName=Zhenghe, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1312000075677663446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, authorId=1312000075472142547, language=CN, stringName=宋正河, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312000074570367162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074582950075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312000074595532988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385739772133495, articleId=1312000064004915332, companyId=1312000074570367162, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)])])]
欧阳安1 , 温昌凯2, 樊晨龙3, 宋正河2
作者信息
  • 1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846
  • 2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083
  • 3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037
通讯作者:
宋正河(1973—),男,教授,博士,主要从事农机装备试验验证方法与技术研究,E-mail:
作者简介:

欧阳安(1988—),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事智能与新能源农机装备产业与政策研究,E-mail:

Research Status and Development Suggestions of New Energy Power Equipment for Agriculture
An OUYANG1 , Changkai WEN2, Chenlong FAN3, Zhenghe SONG2
Affiliations
  • 1.Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center, Beijing 100846, China
  • 2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
  • 3.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
出版时间: 2025-12-25 doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003
文章导航
收藏切换

发展农业新能源动力装备对推动农业绿色低碳转型、保障国家粮食安全和实现农业现代化意义重大。本文系统阐述了农业新能源动力装备的国内外研究进展,重点分析新能源拖拉机、新能源微耕机、新能源作业平台及新能源农用低空航空器四大类装备的现状及发展趋势。新能源农机领域,拖拉机呈纯电、混动与清洁燃料并行演进;新能源微耕机正由“纯电主导”向“电-混并进、智能自走化”演进;新能源作业平台正沿“电驱为主、氢/生物燃料补充,轮/履/轮腿多形态协同”的技术路径演进;新能源农用低空航空器正沿“电驱为主、氢能增航”的技术路线协同发展。然而,当前农业新能源装备面临核心技术适配不足、标准检测体系不完善、产业链协同薄弱、基础设施滞后、市场服务体系不健全等问题与挑战。为此,提出未来应在顶层设计与政策支持、关键“三电”与专用底盘技术攻关、产业链协同与基础设施建设、标准检测与中试验证、场景化示范与服务体系完善等方面协同推进,提升新能源农机适配性与可靠性,促进电动农机推广应用。

农业新能源装备  /  新能源拖拉机  /  电动微耕机  /  农用无人机  /  绿色低碳

The development of new energy power equipment for agriculture is of great significance for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture, ensuring national food security and achieving agricultural modernization. A systematic review of domestic and international research progress in new power equipment for agricultural was provided. It focused on analyzing the current status and development trends of four major categories of equipment: new energy tractors, new energy micro-tiller, new energy work platforms, and new energy agricultural low-altitude aircraft. In the field of new energy agricultural machinery, tractors are developing in parallel toward pure electric, hybrid, and clean fuel options; new energy micro-tiller are evolving from “pure electric dominance” to “electric and hybrid parallel development and intelligent self-propulsion”. New energy work platforms are advancing along a technical path characterized by “electric drive as the main power source, supplemented by hydrogen/biofuels, and multi-form coordination of wheels, tracks, and wheeled legs”. New energy agricultural low-altitude aircraft are developing along a technical route featuring “electric drive as the main power source, hydrogen energy for extended range”. However, the new energy agricultural equipment industry is currently facing challenges such as inadequate adaptation of core technologies, an incomplete standard testing system, weak industrial chain coordination, lagging infrastructure, and an incomplete market service system. To this end, it was proposed that future efforts should be coordinated across multiple fronts: top-level policy design and standard testing, breakthroughs in key “three-electric” technologies and specialized chassis systems, industrial chain collaboration and pilot-scale validation, energy-supply infrastructure such as fast charging, battery swapping, and hydrogen fuel, and the completion of scenario-based demonstration and service systems. It was suggested to enhance the adaptability and reliability of new energy agricultural machinery to promote the application of electric agricultural machinery.

new energy equipment of agricultural  /  new energy tractors  /  electric micro-tiller  /  agricultural drones  /  green and low-carbon
欧阳安, 温昌凯, 樊晨龙, 宋正河. 农业新能源动力装备研究现状与发展建议. 农业机械学报, 2025 , 56 (12) : 41 -58 . DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003
An OUYANG, Changkai WEN, Chenlong FAN, Zhenghe SONG. Research Status and Development Suggestions of New Energy Power Equipment for Agriculture[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2025 , 56 (12) : 41 -58 . DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003
在全球“双碳”目标与农业现代化深度融合的背景下,农业生产方式正从“高碳依赖”向“绿色低碳”加速转型[1-2]。传统柴油农机存在运行成本高、噪声污染严重、土壤压实等问题,已难以适配现代农业对“高效、环保、精准”的作业需求。尤其在我国丘陵山地与设施农业等细分场景中,传统大型燃油农机因体型笨重、灵活性不足,作业适配率不足,亟需轻量化、低扰动的新型动力装备突破场景限制。
近年来,随着动力电池能量密度提升、电机控制技术成熟及氢能存储成本下降,以电能、氢能等清洁能源为核心的农业新能源动力装备逐步成为破局关键[3]。这类装备不仅实现零排放、低噪声作业,更能通过“电动化+智能化”融合,适配耕、种、管、收全环节作业需求。
本文系统梳理农业新能源动力装备的国内外研究进展,重点剖析新能源拖拉机、新能源微耕机、新能源作业平台和新能源农用低空航空器四大类核心装备的技术特征与应用现状,深入分析目前研发制造、基础设施及市场服务等问题,从技术突破、产业培育、政策支撑等维度提出发展建议,为农业绿色低碳转型与智慧农业落地提供理论参考与实践路径。
新能源拖拉机是指突破传统单一柴油能源动力的限制,采用电能、氢能、太阳能或其他清洁能源驱动的农业动力机械。其核心目标是减少碳排放、降低环境污染、提高能源利用效率,同时满足现代农业对农机智能化和可持续性的需求。当前,新能源拖拉机产业呈现纯电动拖拉机、混合动力拖拉机和清洁燃料动力拖拉机3种技术路线并行的格局。
纯电动拖拉机完全依靠电能驱动,利用电动机替代内燃机来驱动行走系统和工作装置,具备零排放和低噪声优势。根据电能来源形式的不同,纯电动拖拉机可分为车载电池驱动拖拉机和缆电驱动拖拉机。
(1)车载电池驱动拖拉机
车载电池驱动拖拉机是指采用铅酸电池、锂电池或其他类型高效电池作为能源装置的电动拖拉机。根据动力系统驱动构型的不同,可将其分为3类:单电机驱动式、双电机驱动式及轮边分布驱动式。
单电机驱动拖拉机采用一台电动机同时为整机牵引和动力输出轴(Power take-off,PTO)提供动力,电动机性能需求最高。相关学者主要针对传统拖拉机高油耗、高排放、变速器结构复杂等问题,从不同角度对该机型开展研究。文献[4-6]提出了单电机驱动系统设计方法,通过制定整机速度特性、牵引特性以及作业续航曲线,验证了该技术方案的可行性。高辉松等[7-8]提出了一种电动机与变速箱协同调速的驱动方案,在Ⅵ挡速度区间内,系统效率超50%的工况区域覆盖率为70.6%。陈黎卿等[9]针对丘陵山区设计的小型单电机电动拖拉机,传动效率72%~94%,电机额定功率68.8 kW、额定转矩218.9 N·m,可满足耕播与运输作业。YANG等[10]和SIDDIQUE等[11]以美国Solectrac e25拖拉机为研究对象,测试了整机驱动部分和PTO部分的功率与传动效率。结果显示,低速挡、中速挡和高速挡的驱动传动效率分别为72%、72%和73%,PTO平均传动效率为78%。BAEK等[12]基于55 kW传统拖拉机的犁耕、旋耕与运输作业数据,设计并对比了单电机和双电机驱动构型方案。
在产品开发方面,2021年,美国Solectrac公司推出e70N窄体电动果园拖拉机,如图1a所示。整机电压336 V,额定功率52 kW,并搭载52 kW·h电池组,作业续航最高8 h。2022年,美国Monarch公司推出MK-V电动拖拉机,如图1b所示。整机功率30 kW,作业续航最高14 h,同时具备无人驾驶、视觉感知、智能网联等先进功能。
双电机驱动拖拉机通过搭载两台电机为整机提供动力,可采用2种典型方案:双电机独立驱动,分别为整机牵引与PTO提供动力;基于动力耦合装置实现双电机的功率分汇流驱动。当前学者较多针对第2种方案开展研究。李同辉等[13]设计了一种基于行星齿轮耦合的双电机驱动系统,主、副电机功率分别为12 kW和5 kW,且两电机的最佳功率分配比随作业工况动态变化。刘孟楠等[14]提出了一种双向耦合装置结构方案,可实现双电机独立、耦合牵引和耦合PTO 3种驱动模式。XIE等[15]与赵子豪等[16]研发了双电机转矩耦合动力系统,通过智能匹配作业负载与多驱动模式,系统的动力性能与运行效率均优于单电机驱动,模拟犁耕和旋耕作业下提升了9.9%的能量效率。WEN等[17]提出了一种基于粒子群与动态规划算法的双电机动力耦合驱动系统参数双层协同优化方法,整机在犁耕、旋耕与道路运输作业下的耗电量分别减少了23.76%、9.15%和13.98%。KWON等[18]提出了一种考虑电机特性对拖拉机双电机耦合驱动系统能耗影响的电机选型及动力传动系统优化设计方法。
在产品开发方面,美国John Deere采用双电机独立驱动构型,分别在2017年和2019年推出型号为SESAM和Joker的电动拖拉机[19]。如图2a、2b所示,SESAM机型的整机功率260 kW,锂电池容量为150 kW·h,单次充电时间与整机连续作业时间分别为3 h和4 h;Joker机型基于9RX拖拉机平台开发,整机功率500 kW,驱动电机和PTO电机功率均为250 kW。2021年,江苏悦达公司推出黄海金马YL254ET,如图2c所示,是我国率先实现量产的电动园艺拖拉机之一,目前已出口到英国、巴西等国家,整机配备电池能量管理、无级变速作业等关键技术[20]。2023年,中科原动力公司推出万途1404ET电动拖拉机,如图2d所示,采用双电机耦合驱动构型,具备快速换电功能,整机功率103 kW,搭载自动机械变速箱(Automated mechanical transmission,AMT),实现0~38 km/h无级变速作业。2023年,中联重科公司推出CA504ET电动拖拉机,如图2e所示,配备双电机独立驱动系统,快充1 h可补能75%,具备定速巡航、液压悬挂位控制功能,并可配备无人驾驶、AI智能作业等智能模块[21]。2024年,知申禾行公司推出E904i电动拖拉机,如图2f所示,采用双电机独立驱动方案,搭载105 kW·h电池,配备智能电量管理、自动驾驶、智能识别等先进功能[22]。
轮边分布驱动拖拉机取消了变速箱与后桥总成,通过将电动机与减速器总成直接安装在车轮轮毂内或车轮一侧,实现了对各驱动轮动力的独立控制。谢斌等[23]针对设施园艺等封闭狭窄作业场景对小型电动拖拉机的需求,提出了两台5 kW电机独立驱动后轮的整机结构方案,驱动轮输出转矩达1 800 N·m、车速从0升至7 km/h的时间为1.1 s。LI等[24]提出了一种基于多岛遗传算法的分布式驱动系统参数优化设计与验证方法,犁耕循环工况下,整机平均作业效率提升了0.38%,驱动电机能耗降低了7.53%。该学者进一步提出了基于自适应多分辨率分析的犁耕驱动功率分配策略,驱动电机平均效率分别提升2.06%和1.27%,总能耗分别降低3.73%和2.60%[25]。LUO等[26]针对差异土壤下的时变干扰横摆力矩导致犁耕机组严重横摆失稳的问题,提出横摆稳定控制方法,横摆角速度和侧偏角最大跟踪误差为0.059 rad/s和0.045 rad。
在产品开发方面,2019年,瑞士Rigitrac公司展出了SKE50电动拖拉机,如图3a所示,整机功率50 kW,采用5台电机分别驱动4个车轮和PTO,连续作业时间达6 h。如图3b所示,2021年,挪威AutoAgri公司推出IC-20无人电动拖拉机,具备自主导航系统,能够通过全球定位系统实时动态定位(Global positioning system real-time kinematic,GPS PTK)、激光雷达和摄像头实现全天候自动化作业,同时整机采用全轮转向和低自重设计,有效减少土壤压实,能够适应多种复杂地形。如图3c、3d所示,国家农机装备创新中心于2020年和2023年相继推出了四轮边电机驱动拖拉机ET1004-W与四轮毂电机驱动拖拉机ET504-W。ET1004-W搭载了5G网联与自动驾驶模块,具备无人驾驶以及网联集群功能。ET504-W具备无线远程遥控功能和无人驾驶功能,可实现无人规模化作业与多机协同作业[27]。
(2)缆电驱动拖拉机
缆电拖拉机无需搭载电池组,其作业所需电能由安装在整机上的可收放电缆从电网获取,用以驱动电机并完成整机作业。这是在电池技术尚未成熟时期,电动拖拉机采用的一种主要供能方式。
最早的缆电拖拉机由德国Siemens公司于1912年生产,如图4a所示,整机功率36.8 kW,采用轮式结构,主要用于驱动旋耕机作业。随后,Siemens公司又推出了一款功率为2.9 kW、专门用于耕地的电动拖拉机。该机型通过一根25 m长的电缆连接电网,作业时需借助一根6 m高的电缆杆支撑电缆,每耕作1 200 m2便需移动一次电缆杆[28]。如图4b所示,1937年,苏联哈尔科夫拖拉机厂和全苏农业电气化科学研究院合作研制了KhTZ-12缆电拖拉机,整机配备一台42 kW电动机,并集成了一套可容纳750 m电缆的卷筒装置。如图4c所示,1941年瑞士Grunder公司研制出采用Boveri电机驱动的耕地拖拉机,其工作部件位于行走轮后方,并可更换旋耕机、铧式犁等多种农具。1945年,德国Bungartz公司采用前后双头犁设计理念,生产了Töpfer缆电拖拉机,如图4d所示,实现了整机无调头作业。1960年,哈尔滨松江拖拉机厂与哈尔滨工业大学等单位协作研制出我国首台“电牛28”缆电拖拉机。随后又改进制成第二代机型“电牛33”。该机型搭载了一台专门设计的33 kW封闭式感应鼠笼电动机,整机工作电压为1 100 V[29]。
近年来,尽管车载电池技术在拖拉机上逐步应用,但由于电池能量密度存在限制,整机在连续重载工况下的续航能力依然不足。为此,研究人员继续聚焦缆电拖拉机技术。2019年,美国John Deere公司对其首台电动拖拉机SESAM进行升级,推出了Gridcon无人驾驶缆电拖拉机。该机型取消了大容量电池组,通过电缆卷筒和导向臂的智能协调,为整机输送电能的同时,防止电缆与作业设备干涉,整机成本降低了50%。2023年意大利OXE-E公司研制了EXE-E无人缆电拖拉机,整机牵引功率50~100 kW,配备1 500 m的长度电缆,通过内部电缆卷筒和旋转圆顶结构,实现对三相电力电缆的有序引导和缠绕。当前阶段的缆电拖拉机产品如图5所示。
综上所述,纯电动拖拉机产品呈现以下技术特点:①创新整机动力架构。采用大容量车载电池及缆电等多种供能方式,力求提升整机持续作业能力。②集成电子差速转向、线控技术、驱动控制和能量管理策略等先进技术,提高整机智能化水平。③持续向无人化、精准化作业方向发展。
混合动力拖拉机是指采用2种或2种以上动力源共同驱动的拖拉机。目前,行业主要采用基于柴油机与电机相结合的油电混合动力技术路线。根据发电机与电机联合工作方式,可将混合动力拖拉机分为串联式、并联式和混联式3种类型。
串联式混合动力拖拉机中,发动机与发电机机械连接构成增程器,并与蓄电池协同工作,驱动电动机运行,为整机作业提供动力。徐立友等[30]以满足东方红1804型拖拉机的牵引性能需求为目标,对串联混合动力驱动系进行了匹配设计,优化了电动机、发动机和发电机的功率及挡位数,整机平均等效燃油消耗降低了2.64%。ESTEVEZ等[31]以果园串联式混合动力拖拉机为研究对象,提出了一种部件参数与驱动系统能耗协同优化的双循环设计架构,使整机的全生命周期成本和CO2排放较传统拖拉机分别降低了9%和20%。串联式驱动构型具有结构简单、控制逻辑清晰的优势,同时得益于发动机与驱动负载解耦,发动机可长时间运行在高效区,提升了整机作业燃油经济性。然而,该方案存在发动机能量二次转换损失的问题,导致整机在重载作业工况下的动力性和经济性下降,同时发动机与电机在功率、体积、重量与成本等方面仍面临较大的挑战。
并联式混合动力拖拉机中,发动机和电动机通过动力耦合装置机械连接,两动力源可以独立或协同驱动整机作业。邓晓亭等[32]设计了一种转速耦合并联混动拖拉机,犁耕作业下最高可节能24%。李金凤等[33]采用TRIZ理论优化设计了一种前轮轮边电机驱动、后轮发动机驱动的混动拖拉机并联驱动构型方案,在纯电前驱和和混合四驱模式下电池耗电量分别节省了34.69%和36.90%。TRONCON等[34]结合果园、葡萄园空间狭窄特点,结合考虑等效转矩的电机额定转矩设计方法,设计了小型化柴油机和电动机并联的驱动构型方案。并联式驱动构型通过引入电动机,有效降低了发动机的功率要求,并可通过电动机调节发动机工作点,使其长时间运行在高效区,提升整机能效。然而,该方案需配备大容量蓄电池,导致成本增加。
混联式混合动力拖拉机在并联式驱动构型的基础上,增加了一套与发动机机械连接的发电系统,能够实现串联、并联及串并联联合等多种驱动模式。窦海石等[35]设计了一种双流耦合串并联混合动力拖拉机,可实现纯电驱动、混合驱动、PTO分流及PTO耦合4种驱动模式。试验表明,整机动力性指标优于参考值,实现了7.2%的油耗降低。张凯等[36]为解决功率循环导致动力系统分流效率下降的问题,基于杠杆拓扑法优化设计了一种功率分流型的混联驱动构型,犁耕和旋耕工况下的油耗分别降低5.45%和5.38%。混联式驱动构型通过合理匹配作业工况与动力系统驱动模式,能够实现最优的节能效益。然而,该系统存在电力结构复杂、加工制造难度高的问题,同时需要更为复杂且精确的控制策略,开发难度较大。
表1列出了国内外已研发的多款混合动力拖拉机产品。综上所述,混合动力拖拉机的产品特点为:动力系统机-电多形式耦合,形成串联式、并联式和混联式3种技术构型;实现无级变速作业技术;开发智能能量管理策略,提升整机作业燃油经济性。
清洁燃料拖拉机主要采用甲烷、氢气、甲醇、乙醇等低碳或零碳燃料作为能量来源,替代传统柴油发动机,可减少温室气体和污染物的排放。
当前,甲烷动力拖拉机已在部分农业发达国家得到示范应用,展现了绿色农业机械的良好发展前景。New Holland公司在2013年开发出首台甲烷动力拖拉机样机T 6.140,先后在意大利都灵贝洛塔农场和巴西开展了试验[37]。2015年6月,New Holland公司在第一代样机的基础上正式宣布推出以甲烷为动力的拖拉机T 6.175产品,装备9个气罐、总容量为300 L的LNG燃料,可节省25%~40%的燃料成本、减少80%污染排放。2021年10月,New Holland推出了量产的甲烷动力拖拉机T 6.180,可加注CNG或LNG,10个气罐总容量为453 L,在PTO作业或道路运输时可工作8 h,牲畜喂饲可工作14 h,但犁地等重负荷作业的续航时间较短。同年,立陶宛AUGA公司针对传统甲烷动力拖拉机重载工况下续航不足4 h的缺陷,推出生物甲烷燃料串联式混合动力拖拉机AUGA M1。该产品一方面设计了容纳更大生物甲烷气罐的拖拉机结构;另一方面开发“快速换罐”系统,气罐预先在生物甲烷工厂完成填充,作业时直接运送至农场进行更换,摆脱了对固定加气站基础设施的依赖[38]。相关产品如图6所示。
与此同时,氢燃料电池拖拉机凭借零排放与高能量密度等优势,其研发也在加快推进,被视为未来绿色农业机械的重要发展方向。2009年,意大利New Holland公司启动了氢燃料电池拖拉机的研发,并发布氢燃料动力New Holland NH2原型机,该机型搭载120 kW燃料电池系统,采用高压储氢罐作为能源供应装置,能够在田间作业中实现零排放,并在农场能源自给模式下进行了示范应用,但尚未投入大规模生产或商业化销售。此后,氢燃料电池拖拉机多为实验室研究,主要验证氢燃料电池在农业工况下的适配性。2020年6月,国内首台由国家农机装备创新中心研发的氢燃料动力拖拉机ET504-H正式发布,将5G通信技术与氢燃料电驱动系统相融合,以氢燃料电池为主要动力源,具备快速加氢与超长续航能力,同时集成整车状态实时监测、高精度定位和环境感知等功能,并支持远程集群协作。2021年,荷兰H2Trac公司正式推出了其首款氢燃料电动拖拉机EOX175,配备3组70 MPa高压储氢罐,总储氢量达12 kg,加氢仅需10~15 min,在典型工况下可实现4~6 h的连续作业。2023年,德国Fendt公司推出氢燃料电池原型拖拉机,配备中功率燃料电池堆和高压储氢罐组,能够在保持恒定功率输出的同时为液压系统和电驱动单元提供稳定能源。2024年7月,奥地利STEYR公司联合维也纳理工大学推出氢燃料电池拖拉机FCTRAC原型,采用生物质制氢,配备高压储氢系统,具备零排放、长续航和高效能量利用等特点。2025年,日本Kubota公司推出了其氢燃料电池拖拉机的原型机,该机型配备氢燃料电池系统,采用固体聚合物电解质(PEM)燃料电池,排放物仅为水蒸气,具备高效能量转化与零排放特性,单次加氢可实现约12 h的连续作业,并支持远程操控和自动驾驶。相关产品如图7所示。
近年来,甲醇与乙醇作为液体清洁燃料在农业机械上的应用也受到关注。2023年,Fendt公司与Blue World Technologies合作开发了基于高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEM)的甲醇增程系统,并将其集成于Fendt e100 Vario电动拖拉机中,以液态甲醇作为燃料显著延长作业时间。丹麦MAJOR公司推出的甲醇动力拖拉机,以及MAN公司开发的甲醇/柴油双燃料发动机,其甲醇替代率最高可达65%。在国内,2025年黑龙江锐镱新能源科技有限公司研发了国内首台甲醇增程式无人驾驶拖拉机,如图8a所示,集成人工智能、5G通信、高精度导航等先进技术,作业精度误差小于2 cm,碳排放较柴油动力降低80%,燃料成本节省40%,在黑龙江等地已开展工程化示范。乙醇方面,巴西凭借其丰富的生物乙醇资源率先开展相关应用研究。John Deere在2023年德国汉诺威Agritechnica贸易展上推出一款9.0 L概念乙醇发动机,并在2025 Agrishow上展出了搭载乙醇发动机的8R系列拖拉机,如图8b所示。同时,Case IH公司也开发了乙醇动力甘蔗收割机并计划将技术拓展至中功率拖拉机。目前,国内尚未有乙醇动力拖拉机的成熟产品,但相关乙醇发动机与双燃料技术研究已取得进展,为未来推广应用奠定了基础。
综上所述,清洁燃料动力拖拉机产业特点包括:①将农业生产与地域化的能源生产深度融合,形成基于能量循环利用闭环的零碳或负碳循环体系。②通过双燃料技术,在保留柴油机优势的同时,引入清洁燃料。然而,产业发展也面临基础设施与配套体系薄弱、成本高昂、技术难度与安全风险高多重挑战。
微耕机主要应用于我国的丘陵山地地区和温室大棚,由于其地形环境的限制,大型农机无法开展作业,微耕机便成为小地块土壤耕作的首选。目前,国内外微耕机主要研究电动和混动两种类型。
电动微耕机主要以电动机为动力源,具有效率高、噪声小、无污染以及动力响应快的特点,相比传统微耕机,电动微耕机体积更小,更加适合小地块作业,具有良好的发展前景。
在国外,电动微耕机的研究最早可追溯到20世纪40年代,德国Bungartz公司开发了一款配有变速箱的电动微耕机,有2挡运行速度,分别是1.3、5 km/h[39]。由于当时的电池技术落后,20世纪60年代以前,电动微耕机主要通过电缆进行供电,直到20世纪70年代,美国通用电气公司(GE)研制了一款6 kW的电动微耕机,开始使用铅酸电池供能,用永磁无刷电机作为动力源[40]。
在国内,齐兴源等[41]使用额定功率为2.2 kW、电压为72 V的直流电机作为动力源,120 A·h锂电池作为能源,设计了一种小型电动微耕机(图9),耕作深度为8 cm,机具作业幅宽为60 cm。刘学林等[42]研发了一款由锂电池供电的轮毂电机驱动微耕机。轮毂电机功率为4 kW,微耕机的耕幅达到70 cm,耕深约15 cm。此外,薛劭帅等[43]将额定容量为165 F,最大放电电流为1 900 A的超级电容应用在电动微耕机上(图10),与额定容量为100 A·h的锂电池组构成复合电源,选择以额定功率为1.5 kW、额定电压为48 V的永磁无刷直流电机作为动力源,并对能量分配策略进行了研究,设计了相应的逻辑门限控制策略。
杨晓等[44]设计了手扶式电动微耕机(图11),提出“轮边独立驱动+电驱动”的设计方案,并根据电动微耕机功能需求设计整机电控系统,在此基础上对关键部件的性能进行仿真分析,最后测试整机性能。结果表明,产品平均旋耕深度为122.3 mm,行走驱动电机的最大平均功率为1 922.67 W,可满足旋耕作业要求。
履带式电动微耕机取消手扶式的结构设计,采用与电动拖拉机类似动力底盘结构,可以实现遥控和自走式作业。王家博等[45]基于X20IE-5型电驱履带底盘,设计了适用于设施园艺环境的履带式电动微耕机(图12),提出了改进抗差自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波法,提高了定位精度和信号稳定性。同时,XIAO等[46]提出了一种将模糊PID(比例积分导数)控制方法应用于耕耘机耕作深度调节系统的方法,结果表明:应用模糊PID的控制系统在使耕作深度稳定性减小24%的基础上,可使作业过程中破土率提高3%。
电动微耕机凭借机身轻巧、短途运输方便,作业时噪声和振动低、零排放无污染的优势,逐步进入农机市场。然而,受制于当前电池能量密度和整机布局,续航时间偏短,难以满足丘陵山地长时间作业需求;同时高能量电池与电机成本较高,提升了整机售价,制约了规模化推广。
目前国内外微耕机的研究主要以电机作为独立动力源,混动微耕机的研究还处于萌芽阶段,产品市场化较少。混动微耕机在传统燃油动力基础上增加了电池与电机,在提升燃油发动机能量利用效率的同时,拓展了设备的能量来源与续航能力,其构型主要包括增程式、并联式和混联式3种类型。
山东禾田动力科技有限公司推出了一款增程式微耕机(如图13a),采用增程器发电,电机驱动行走和旋耕作业。小宛智慧农业有限公司推出了一种并联式油电混动微耕机(如图13b),由发动机和电机共同或单独驱动行走与旋耕作业,动力流更为灵活。混联式具备串联和并联两种模式,能够根据工况智能切换,但结构也较为复杂。
赵萌等[47]提出一种混合动力控制方法及用于微型自耕机的混合动力装置(图14),开发了氢燃料与锂离子电池混合动力系统仿真平台,分析了微耕机的3种工作状态,并完成了混动微耕机的试制和试验。装置将燃料电池和锂电池组成混合动力单元,通过电压转换器对燃料电池和锂电池进行控制,使燃料电池输出满足负载需求的功率。
混动微耕机发展前景广阔,未来可借鉴混动拖拉机的思路,引入小排量发动机或增程器与高密度电池耦合驱动,实现续航与低排放的平衡;同时推动手扶式向智能自走式转变,融合无线自动导航、路径规划与避障技术;并通过智能能量回收与动态分配系统,根据不同作业环境与强度实时切换动力来源,提升能源利用效率。
新能源作业平台是指以电能、氢能、生物燃料等清洁能源为动力的多功能农机装备,目前的研究主要聚焦于电能应用。与传统拖拉机不同,新能源作业平台体积轮廓相对较小,无法提供大功率动力输出与牵引力,主要用于丘陵山区、温室大棚、果园等特殊环境下的农业作业。国内外对新能源作业平台的研发已取得较多成果,平台按照行走方式主要分为轮式、履带式和轮腿式3类[48]。
轮式新能源作业平台通常由驱动系统、转向系统和制动系统构成,具有结构简单、机动性强和移动速度快等特点[49]。
目前,轮式新能源作业平台在果园、大棚等结构化道路中应用广泛。然而,在丘陵山地等地形起伏较大、土壤松软地区,由于车轮与土壤之间的接触力不均,会导致轮式平台的性能受到限制,影响平台的稳定性和牵引力。潘良等[50]针对丘陵山地复杂地形环境,研制了小型通用轮式电动作业平台,该平台续航为20.23 km,最大爬坡角度达30°。
褚阳阳等[51]针对果园环境特征,设计了一种多功能自主导航作业平台,该平台集成动力系统、行走系统、导航系统、控制系统、作业装置等,最小转弯半径为120.75 cm,满足果园行间地头良好的通过性要求。美国GUSS Automation为了减少果园喷雾作业带来的环境污染和农药浪费,同时解决传统燃油喷药平台带来的污染排放,推出了Electric GUSS喷雾作业平台,该喷雾机采用全电驱化构型(图15),运行时间可达12 h,具备杂草检测系统,仅对杂草进行喷洒,可减少90%的喷洒量。
巴西Solinftec公司研发了Solix Autonomous作业平台(图16),采用太阳能供电与四轮驱动架构,实现平台零排放,集成虫害监测与生态数据采集功能,通过精准杂草定点喷洒技术,有效减少了农药的使用量。
在大棚作业领域中,由于受种植方式、范围和规格的影响,果园新能源农机适用性不足。针对上述问题,部分学者开展了小型作业平台相关研究。田生睿[52]提出了一种多功能棚室通用作业平台,该作业平台采用四轮独立驱动,集成除草、旋耕和喷药等生产功能,具有使用便利、性能可靠等优点。然而,轮式机构与土壤接触面积较小,在湿度较高棚室内易产生打滑,导致驱动力不足,适用性仍待提升。
履带式新能源作业平台采用履带驱动系统。相比于轮式平台,其具有更好的地面适应性、较强的通过性和牵引力,以及较小的转弯半径和更高的稳定性,能够在复杂地形和湿滑环境中稳定作业,同时减少土壤压实和扰动。
宫庆福等[53]针对丘陵果园行间郁闭等种植特点,设计了一种纯电动履带式运输机,通过纵横向坡道稳定性分析,验证了其能够满足坡道稳定性要求。YUE等[54]设计了一种基于履带式底盘的自动导航果园喷雾平台,采用GNSS定位和路径跟踪控制方法。实地试验表明,在1.2 m/s速度下,平台的直线行驶路径跟踪误差小于5.6 cm,标准差为2.8 cm,满足自动作业需求。董继伟等[55]设计了一种履带式果园对靶施药机,采用可调阵列式超声波传感器实现对靶仿形施药,药业覆盖率提高20.6%。已有相关企业成功推出了自主研发的履带式新能源作业平台产品。2024年意大利Merlo Spa公司开发的Cingo M600A-e纯电动作业平台(如图17),专为葡萄园环境而设计,整机配备360°传感系统、RTK校正卫星导航和先进的信息控制单元,能够在多种农业场景中自主运行。
图18为北京市农林科学院推出的纯电动履带式作业平台,适用于丘陵山地、大棚、果园等狭窄区域。该平台采用电机驱动行走和作业部件,集成L2+农机自动驾驶系统,能够实现决策规划、路径跟踪、地头转向以及作业统计等功能,具有智能、环保、高效和维护成本低等特点。
履带式行走机构因其优良的通过性、稳定性和较强的承载能力,广泛应用于复杂地形的作业平台中。然而,履带式机构行走效率较低,导致整体工作效率受到制约。
为了进一步优化改进轮式和履带式作业平的部分不足,相关学者在现有研究的基础上设计并研发了轮腿式作业平台,以更适应丘陵山地复杂地形特点。
NI等[56]针对不平坦地形问题,设计了一种纯电动四轮腿式机器人平台(图19),该平台采用11自由度动态模型,配备主动悬挂系统,以提升作业平台在复杂地形上的可操作性和稳定性,试验结果表明姿态角平均改善率大于45.4%。
LIU等[57]设计了BITNAZA六轮腿式机器人平台(图20),并提出了一种基于共识策略的主动悬挂控制方法,通过无线通信网络实现轮腿间的协同工作,提高作业平台系统的全局稳定性。
张庆等[58]结合丘陵山地地形特征,设计了一种基于仿生机械技术和多连杆结构原理的轮腿式机器人平台(图21),旨在应对地形坡度大、变化多等挑战。该平台包括机身调平控制器、“虚腿”控制器和质心高度控制器,能够调节平台空间姿态参数,结果显示轮腿式机器人离地间隙最大调整量为574 mm,具备较强的越障能力。
轮腿式新能源作业平台面向丘陵山区等坡度地形有更优的操作稳定性。然而,随着系统复杂度的增加,其控制难度也相应提升,操作挑战性增加。因此,尽管该构型作业平台在果园和大棚等应用场景具有潜在的应用优势,但其广泛推广仍面临一定的技术和操作难题。
近年来,微电子、自动导航、无线通讯等技术日益成熟,新能源农用低空航空器快速发展,其飞行性能与安全性能逐步满足实际应用需求[59-61]。随着电池能量密度的提升、混合动力系统的优化以及氢燃料电池等新型能源技术的应用,农用低空航空器的动力形式趋向多元化。当前,新能源农用低空航空器主要包括纯电动型与油电混合型两种主流类型,其中纯电动型以清洁电能为主要动力来源,具有结构简单、操作便捷等优势;油电混合型则兼顾续航性能与能效比,适用于大载荷、长航程作业场景。氢燃料电池型农用低空航空器仍处于研发与试验验证阶段,虽具备高能量密度与零排放等潜在优势,但尚未形成成熟的商用产品体系。
纯电动型农用无人机以电池作为主要能源,通过电动机将电能转化为机械能,驱动螺旋桨产生升力与推力。其动力系统主要由锂电池、电调、电动机及电池管理系统(Energy management system,EMS)等组成,结构简单、控制精度高,具有启动迅速、噪声低、维护成本小等优点。然而,由于电池能量密度的限制,纯电动型无人机的续航时间相对较短,载荷能力有限,一般适用于中小面积农田的喷洒、巡检和测绘等作业任务。
在产品研发方面,近年来国内外企业相继推出多款高性能纯电动型农用无人机。2016年,美国AgEagle公司推出的纯电动型RX-60固定翼无人机,如图22a所示,采用纯电驱动系统,以锂聚合物电池作为动力能源,搭载专业级航拍图像采集系统,并结合机载多光谱、热成像等传感器,可捕获数千幅高分辨率NIR与NDVI航拍图像,能够精确定位作物应力区域。美国Guardian Agriculture公司于2023年推出的SC1纯电动植保无人机,如图22b所示,采用四旋翼垂直起降结构,由锂电池组供能,具备45 kg载液量和约20 min续航,实现自动航线规划与精准喷洒作业。日本YAMAHA公司联合Nileworks于2023年推出的Nile-JZ植保无人机,如图22c所示,采用六旋翼折叠式结构设计,以锂电池组为动力能源,具备全自主飞行与可变施药功能,支持RTK高精度定位与地形跟随控制,可在复杂地形下实现精准喷洒与高效植保作业。国内云农京飞公司推出的JF620农用无人机,如图22d所示,采用六旋翼折叠式结构设计,最大载荷20 L,整机采用14S锂聚合物电池供能,满载飞行时间8 min,驱动系统具备较高推力-重量比与冗余安全特性,广泛应用于水稻、小麦及经济作物的植保作业。极飞XAG公司在2023年推出的P100 Pro农用无人机,如图22e所示,采用折叠四旋翼设计,由聚合物锂离子电池供电,具备50 kg有效载荷,最大喷洒流量22 L/min以及最大推料速度150 kg/min,广泛应用于海南火龙果植保以及江苏水稻飞播。2024年,大疆农业公司推出的AGRAS T70/T70P纯电动农用无人机,如图22f所示,采用62英寸碳纤维桨叶与高效动力系统,支持喷洒、播撒和吊运等多种作业模式。T70P最大载荷可达70 kg,配备70 L喷药箱和100 L撒布箱,喷洒流量最高40 L/min,撒布流量达400 kg/min。
纯电动型农用低空航空器凭借清洁能源驱动、结构简洁、操控灵敏、噪声低以及维护成本低等优势,已成为当前新能源农用低空航空器的主流机型,市场占比大。然而,受限于电池能量密度与续航能力,其在长时间、大负载和复杂地形条件下的作业效率仍存在不足。为弥补纯电动系统在续航能力及持续载荷作业性能方面的局限,近年来,研究者与制造商开始探索将燃油动力与电能系统相结合的油电混合型农用低空航空器,在兼顾续航性能与能效比方面展现出更大的应用潜力。
油电混合型农用低空航空器以燃油和电能作为复合能源,通过发动机发电并为电动机供能,实现持续稳定的动力输出。其动力系统主要由燃油发动机、发电机、电动机、电调、电池组及EMS等组成,可在不同作业阶段自动分配油、电功率。与纯电动型相比,油电混合型无人机兼具燃油续航长与电动响应快的优点,能够提升飞行时间与载荷能力,满足大面积农田和长航程作业需求。
在国外市场中,油电混合型农用无人机的发展较早,相关产品多注重长续航与系统稳定性。西班牙Quaternium公司推出的HYBRiX2.1油电混合型多旋翼喷洒无人机,如图23a所示,采用汽油和电池混合推进系统,最大起飞质量约25 kg,具备最高4 h作业能力,适用于大规模农田喷洒任务。马来西亚Alphaswift Industries公司推出的A-22 Falco混合动力无人机,如图23b所示,采用汽油发动机+发电机+锂电池联合供能系统,具备22 L药箱、约22 kg载重、6 m喷幅与6.5 L/min喷洒流量,并采用交叉折叠臂结构与前视避障系统,可高效完成大面积农田喷洒与施肥作业。国内在油电混合型农用无人机领域的发展也日趋成熟,企业正通过结构优化与智能化控制不断提升设备性能。黑蜻蜓公司推出的Y-60油电混合型农用无人机,如图23c所示,采用油电混合动力系统,最大载药量50 L,喷幅10~14 m,机体为折叠式碳纤维结构,轻便耐用。该机具备智能变量喷洒、前后雷达避障与地形仿飞等功能,续航时间长、作业效率高,适用于大面积农田和丘陵果园的植保作业。智飞极农推出的ZF-100M油电混合动力垂直起降无人机,如图23d所示,采用复合翼和多旋翼混合结构设计,最大起飞质量约100 kg,有效载荷约45 kg,搭载油电混合动力系统,续航时间超过240 min,远超传统纯电型无人机,适用于大范围农田巡检。
油电混合型农用低空航空器通过燃油与电能的协同供能,兼具长续航与高能效优势,能够在大载荷、长航程及复杂地形条件下保持稳定作业,弥补了纯电动型续航不足的局限。该类无人机在动力性能与作业效率方面表现突出,但系统结构复杂、维护成本较高,且仍部分依赖化石燃料。
从国际上看,欧美等发达国家新能源装备发展起步较早,技术相对成熟。欧洲部分国家通过“绿色新政”建立电动农机合作社等形式,加速农机电动化进程。随着用户对绿色环保农产品以及对降本增效需求的增加,混动农机的市场份额逐渐扩大。2022年国际标准化组织提出《农林拖拉机和机械电气大功率接口700VDC/480VAC》系列标准,规范了拖拉机与农机具之间的电气接口,极大推动了电动拖拉机的产业化进程。
从国内看,近年来,党中央国务院高度重视农机装备的发展,国务院、工业和信息化部、农业农村部、财政部相继出台政策文件,提出要加强节能低碳、智能高效农机装备研发应用,在农机购置与应用补贴、老旧农机报废更新补贴中,也将新能源农机纳入重点支持范围,并在部分机型上适度提高补贴测算比例,显著增强了农户和企业的应用意愿与研发投入动力。《“十四五”全国农业机械化发展规划》与《农业农村减排固碳实施方案》将绿色低碳作为农业机械化的战略方向,强调通过能源结构优化与装备更新,推动农机装备由高排放、高能耗向节能、清洁、高效转型。随着非道路移动机械“国四”排放标准的深入实施,传统燃油农机的准入门槛不断提高,为新能源装备创造了更大的市场替代空间。从顶层设计到专项政策,我国正逐步构建起以“电动化、混动化、智能化”为导向的农机装备政策体系,为新能源农机的技术创新与产业化推广提供了坚实的制度保障。表2为近10年国家颁布的与新能源农机装备发展相关的主要政策[62-69]。
总体上看,新能源农机装备正处在产业化发展的初期,在政策与技术推动下虽有快速发展,但受农业场景特殊性、技术适配度及产业基础影响,仍面临多方面挑战[19]。
(1)核心技术瓶颈突出,动力系统适配性不够。目前新能源动力系统与农业作业需求匹配性和适应性不足,低速大扭矩电机、轮边驱动电机的设计制造、拖拉机专用电机与减速箱控制器多合一集成设计、电驱动桥设计制造等专用电机技术亟需攻关与优化。此外,新能源农机能量管理控制策略仍存短板,三电系统与整机的热管理技术需加强研究,分布式驱动方案易因散热问题停机,多动力源电控系统协同不足,且易受电磁干扰影响作业精度。
(2)电池续航能力不足以及回收利用问题凸显。农作物作业环境恶劣、工况复杂,对电池的安全性、耐久性、环境适应性(高低温)要求极高。现有动力电池续航无法满足大田长时间作业需求,低温性能衰减明显,如磷酸铁锂电池在寒地(如黑龙江省)-20℃以下容量衰减明显。电池防护等级不足,难以应对泥泞、多尘环境,且成本占比高,制约规模化应用[70]。如约翰迪尔SESAM纯电动拖拉机可提供283 kW标准动力,可持续作业4 h或行驶55 km,充电时间为3 h,远低于传统燃油机型8~10 h的续航。氢燃料电池尚未成熟应用,且相关核心技术(储氢罐和燃料电池堆)被国外垄断,导致其成本高昂。此外,因农机具有强烈的季节性和地域性,高频使用期集中,农闲期长期闲置,对电池使用寿命构成挑战。收获装备作业时间仅2个月左右,电池长达10个月闲置带来的保养与维护问题突出。
(3)质量标准和检测体系不健全,可靠性面临严峻考验。电动与混动农机适用性、可靠性和安全性评价标准缺乏,整机与农机具接口不统一,且公益性鉴定机构缺乏专用检测设备,检测评价方法和能力滞后延长产品验证周期。电池研发、回收、通信接口等多方面缺乏统一的规划和标准。农田复杂工况中的尘土、湿度、震动等因素对新能源农机“三电”系统的可靠性和耐用性提出更高要求。
(4)产业链协同配套不强,成本与收益矛盾显著。电池、电控与信息系统集成研发少,整机与三电企业研发、产能周期不匹配,导致样机验证周期延长。新能源农机购置成本显著高于传统机型,18 kW纯电动拖拉机价格约10万元,而同功率传统燃油机型仅需3~5万元,前者价格为后者的2~3倍。尽管纯电动农机具备运行成本优势,其能耗成本仅为燃油机型的30%,但受购置成本偏高影响,其投资回收期远超出小农户普遍认可的3年以内预期,导致新能源农机的市场接受度受限。
(5)基础设施建设不完善,维修保养与服务体系滞后。农村地区基础设施相对落后,缺乏完善的充电桩或换电站网络,电网容量难以支撑大功率快速充电站的建设。农忙时期新能源农机补能需求难以满足,氢能补给设施更是稀缺。如农村地区充电桩密度仅为城市的1/20,新疆、黑龙江地区农业主产区的田间充电桩不足10个/万平方公里,且多为慢充(6~8 h充满),无法满足农忙“人歇机不歇”需求[71]。换电站仅在江苏镇江、宁夏银川等试点布局,尚未形成网络。同时,农村地区维修网络不完善,专业技术人员短缺,备件供应和售后服务体系不健全,维修难度和成本高于传统燃油农机,影响用户使用体验和积极性。当前市场中的新能源农机产品多集中于耕整地作业环节,针对设施农业、果园种植等细分场景的电动化装备仍存在明显供给缺口。
新能源农机装备技术将围绕动力多元场景化、三电技术专用化、作业系统一体化、智能与电动深度融合四大方向突破。
动力形式呈现多元场景化:不同动力系统根据功率需求和应用场景进行优化配置。纯电动聚焦中小功率与固定场景,混合动力聚焦大功率机型。未来将通过优化电池结构,提升爬坡能力与续航。固定场景将结合光伏补能实现零续航焦虑,同时氢燃料机型已进入田间试验阶段,燃料电池农机也将加速发展[72]。
三电技术将向专用化升级:电池领域通过材料与结构创新提升安全性、能量密度与低温性能,能量密度持续提高,体积更小、更轻量化。固态电池逐步应用,补能模式向快充与换电多元化发展,换电标准化将提升补能效率。电机研发聚焦专用化与集成化,通过技术优化提升低速扭矩与防护等级,适配复杂农业环境;同时推动电驱系统一体化集成,缩小体积以适配狭小作业空间[73]。电控系统会强化智能协同与抗干扰能力,通过先进控制算法减少转速波动,优化热管理系统降低故障率,提升抗电磁干扰水平,保障系统稳定[74]。
作业系统一体化集成发展:作业部件向电动化加速,整机与机具向一体化设计发展,通用电动底盘可快速换装不同作业部件实现一机多用,制定统一的电气与数据接口标准,实现不同品牌整机与机具的兼容。
智能化与电动化将深度融合[75-76]:线控底盘与自动驾驶技术结合,分布式驱动底盘通过智能控制适配狭小作业空间,大功率电动拖拉机未来将普及高级别自动驾驶,实现无人集群作业。人工智能技术深度融合,通过深度学习和图像识别技术提高作业精度和自主决策能力。5G技术将与物联网深度融合提升农机远程控制、实时数据传输和协同作业能力。农机将搭载多源传感器,通过作业数据实时调整动力输出,提升作业精度。电动农机与无人机、智能农具协同作业,实现全程无人化作业。
针对新能源农机装备现存问题,需从政策支持、技术攻关、标准检测、产业配套、市场培育5方面发力推动产业规模化发展。
(1)强化顶层设计,加大政策支持
通过重大科技专项等方式,加大对新能源农机核心部件研发的支持力度。优化农机购置补贴政策,对不同功率、类型的新能源农机实行差异化补贴,对搭载国产三电系统的农机给予补贴倾斜,探索“国补+地补+绿电补贴”的叠加政策,建立与作业量挂钩的补贴机制。设立专项基金支持首套产品研发,对新能源整机与核心零部件企业给予税收优惠。探索将碳汇收益纳入支持体系,创新融资机制,依靠市场机制推动发展。
(2)加强核心技术攻关,推动绿色化与智能化融合
构建政产学研用协同机制,由龙头企业牵头联合电池、电机、科研机构组建创新联合体,重点聚焦混动技术、补电技术、热管理等关键技术,攻关低温与高体积密度锂电池、轴向磁通电机、抗干扰电控系统等零部件。推动三电系统核心技术突破与农业场景匹配,开发基于多动力耦合与多轮电驱动的构型。鼓励纯电、混动、氢燃料电池、生物质燃料等多元技术路线并行研发,针对不同功率段和作业场景提供差异化解决方案。提前布局固态电池、新型燃料等前沿技术研发。支持开发基于新能源平台的智能驾驶、无人作业系统,实现“绿色”与“智能”双轮驱动。
(3)完善标准与检测体系,建设中试验证平台
推动新能源农机建立统一标准,优先制定高压电气安全、动力输出接口、极端环境测试等3类标准。针对农机特有应用场景,制定电池包、充电设施、氢能储存等相关标准。加快制定电动与混合动力拖拉机推广鉴定大纲。完成新能源拖拉机整机检验检测试验方法的标准化,建设国家级新能源农机中试验证平台和检测中心,建立工况载荷数据库,缩短产品验证周期。
(4)强化产业链协同配套,加快基础设施建设
搭建与新能源汽车、电动工程机械企业的交流合作平台,充分借鉴已有的供应链体系、设计工具和测试工具等,推动跨行业技术转化,缩短研发周期。培育核心零部件企业,扶持专精特新企业发展,建立供应链白名单保障产能与交付周期。推动整机与零部件企业建立长期合作,同步开展研发工作减少适配问题,共建中试基地加速技术熟化。加快基础设施建设,在农业主产区布局快充站与换电站,形成合理补给圈。利用风能、太阳能建设光储充一体化电站降低用电成本,在氢能资源丰富与农业大省试点建设加氢站,探索利用农业废弃物制氢降低燃料成本。
(5)开展场景化示范推广,加强售后服务网络建设
在设施农业、丘陵山区、大田等不同区域建设新能源农机示范基地,开展系统的测试活动,展示各类新能源农机作业效果,推动以旧换新加速市场替换。对使用新能源农机的农业合作社、家庭农场在作业补贴、信贷保险、土地流转等方面给予倾斜。创新商业模式,推广“车电分离”的电池租赁模式,降低用户初次购车成本。建立电池的维护、回收和梯次利用机制。布局建立完善的售后服务体系和维修网络,提高农村地区维修技术人员水平,推动新能源农机标准化、模块化设计,建立远程诊断平台提升维修效率,通过培训与宣传普及操作维护知识,提升用户使用能力与信任度。
新能源农机装备是推动新型工业化、发展农业新质生产力的重要方向,对推动农业绿色低碳转型、保障国家粮食安全和实现农业现代化意义重大。当前,我国新能源农机装备产业正处在快速发展的市场导入期间,但仍面临核心技术适配不足、产业链协同薄弱、标准检测体系不完善、基础设施滞后、市场服务体系不健全等多重瓶颈,面向未来动力形式场景化发展、三电技术专用化升级、作业体系一体化集成、智能电动融合化发展等趋势,应从政策支持、技术攻关、标准检测、产业配套、市场培育多维度协同,破解“用不好、不耐用”痛点,形成“技术突破—产业成熟—市场接受”的正向循环,最终推动农业从“人力驱动”向“数据驱动”转变,为保障国家粮食安全、实现“双碳”战略目标和农业现代化注入持续动能。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2001302)
  • 工业和信息化部“推动智能农机装备发展相关支撑工作”项目(ZBYS-ZYC-2025-6)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
刘洋, 岳晓鹏, 唐孝宇, 等. 气候变化情景下农业绿色生产转型路径研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2025, 33(9): 1882-1894.
LIU Yang, YUE Xiaopeng, TANG Xiaoyu, et al. Research on the pathways for agricultural green production transformation under climate change scenarios[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2025, 33(9): 1882-1894. (in Chinese)
[2]
欧阳安, 崔涛, 林立. 智能农机装备产业现状及发展建议[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 11: 55-66.
OUYANG An, CUI Tao, LIN Li. Development status and countermeasures of intelligent agricultura machinery equipment industry[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 11: 55-66. (in Chinese)
[3]
闫雪. 新能源动力系统在农业机械中的适配性研究与能效提升策略[J]. 中国农机装备, 2025(9): 137-139.
YAN Xue. Adaptability study and energy efficiency improvement strategyfor new energy power system in agricultural machinery[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2025(9): 137-139. (in Chinese)
[4]
周志立, 夏先文, 徐立友. 电动拖拉机驱动系统设计[J]. 河南科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 36(5): 78-81,869.
ZHOU Zhili, XIA Xianwen, XU Liyou. Design for driving system of electric tractor[J]. Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2015, 36(5): 78-81,869. (in Chinese)
[5]
方树平, 王宁宁, 徐立友, 等. 纯电动拖拉机与传统燃油拖拉机性能对比分析[J]. 农机化研究, 2018, 40(2): 241-246.
FANG Shuping, WANG Ningning, XU Liyou, et al. Performance comparison between pure electric tractor and conventional fuel tractor[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2018, 40(2): 241-246. (in Chinese)
[6]
张宇, 李志伟, 王璨, 等. 基于SRM的电动拖拉机驱动系统设计与仿真[J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 38(7): 69-76.
ZHANG Yu, LI Zhiwei, WANG Can, et al. Design and simulation of driving system for electric tractor based on SRM[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2018, 38(7): 69-76. (in Chinese)
[7]
高辉松, 朱思洪. 电动拖拉机传动系设计理论与方法研究[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2009, 32(1): 140-145.
GAO Huisong, ZHU Sihong. Study on design theory and method for driving line of electric tactor[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2009, 32(1): 140-145. (in Chinese)
[8]
高辉松, 王珊珊, 朱思洪. 电动拖拉机驱动力与传动效率特性试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2008, 39(10): 40-43,58.
GAO Huisong, WANG Shanshan, ZHU Sihong. Experiment on characteristics of driving force and transmission efficiency of electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2008, 39(10): 40-43,58. (in Chinese)
[9]
陈黎卿, 詹庆峰, 王韦韦, 等. 纯电动拖拉机电驱动系统设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(8): 388-394.
CHEN Liqing, ZHAN Qingfeng, WANG Weiwei, et al. Design and experiment of electric drive system for pure electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(8): 388-394. (in Chinese)
[10]
YANG C, NAM G, YU H, et al. Analysis of driving axle and PTO power transmission efficiency of an 18 kW-class single motor electric tractor[J]. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science, 2024, 51(4): 921-933.
[11]
SIDDIQUE M A A, BAEK S M, BAEK S Y, et al. Effect of motor speeds on traction performance of a single-motor electric tractor at various gear stages during plow tillage[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 26590.
[12]
BAEK S M, JEON H H, KIM W S, et al. Design and analysis of a power transmission system for 55 kW electric tractor using agricultural workload data[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 28028.
[13]
李同辉, 谢斌, 宋正河, 等. 电动拖拉机双电机耦合驱动系统传动特性研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(6): 379-388.
LI Tonghui, XIE Bin, SONG Zhenghe, et al. Transmission characteristics of dual-motor coupling system for electric tractors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(6): 379-388. (in Chinese)
[14]
刘孟楠, 李书苑, 徐立友, 等. 拖拉机双向耦合电驱动系统设计与性能分析[J]. 农业机械学报, 2022, 53(4): 423-431,449.
LIU Mengnan, LI Shuyuan, XU Liyou, et al. Design and performance analysis of tractor bidirectiona coupling electric drive system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2022, 53(4): 423-431,449. (in Chinese)
[15]
XIE B, WANG S, WU X, et al. Design and hardware-in-the-loop test of a coupled drive system for electric tractor[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2022, 216: 165-185.
[16]
赵子豪, 谢斌, 温昌凯, 等. 电动拖拉机双电机驱动系统模式切换瞬态特性与控制方法研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2025, 56(4): 532-542.
ZHAO Zihao, XIE Bin, WEN Changkai, et al. Transient characteristics and control methods of mode switching in electric tractor dual motor drive system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2025, 56(4): 532-542. (in Chinese)
[17]
WEN C, ZHANG S, XIE B, et al. Design and verification innovative approach of dual-motor power coupling drive systems for electric tractors[J]. Energy, 2022, 247: 123538.
[18]
KWON D, AHN D V, KIM J G, et al. Effect analysis of motor power characteristics on the energy consumption of dual motor driven powertrain for electric tractor[J]. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2024, 49(4): 465-475.
[19]
刘浩鲁, 沈成, 胡良龙, 等. 电动农业装备研究进展与发展趋势[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(23): 39-51.
LIU Haolu, SHEN Cheng, HU Lianglong, et al. Research progress and development trend of electric agricultural equipments[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2024, 40(23): 39-51. (in Chinese)
[20]
张洋. 黄海金马YL254ET电动轮式拖拉机:优势尽显未来可期[N]. 中国农机化导报, 2025-06-05(004).
[21]
姚科艳, 刘传俊, 薛洲. 新质生产力视域下农机装备科技创新:逻辑理路、现实困境与推进策略[J]. 华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2024, 1(6): 61-73.
YAO Keyan, LIU Chuanjun, XUE Zhou. Agricultural equipment innovation from the perspective of new quality productive forces: logical framework challenges and promotion strategy[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), 2024, 1(6): 61-73. (in Chinese)
[22]
何欢. 发展智能纯电拖拉机推进农业绿色化[J]. 农机质量与监督, 2025(6): 18-19.
[23]
谢斌, 张超, 陈硕, 等. 双轮驱动电动拖拉机传动性能研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2015, 46(6): 8-13.
XIE Bin, ZHANG Chao, CHEN Shuo, et al. Transmission performance of two-wheel drive electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(6): 8-13. (in Chinese)
[24]
LI X, XU L, LIU M, et al. Research on torque cooperative control of distributed drive system for fuel cell electric tractor[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024, 219: 108811.
[25]
李贤哲, 张明柱, 刘孟楠, 等. 基于多岛遗传算法的电动拖拉机分布式驱动系统优化设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(3): 401-411.
LI Xianzhe, ZHANG Mingzhu, LIU Mengnan, et al. Optimized design and validation of distributed drive system for electric tractor based on multi-island genetic algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(3): 401-411. (in Chinese)
[26]
LUO Z, XIE B, CHEN Z, et al. Learning-based double layer control method of yaw stability simulation research for rear wheel independent drive electric tractor plowing operation[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024, 221: 108985.
[27]
李明生, 王元俊, 谢守勇, 等. 电动拖拉机现状及发展展望[J]. 中国农机装备, 2023(7): 75-80.
LI Mingsheng, WANG Yuanjun, XIE Shouyong, et al. Research status and development prospect of electric tractors[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2023(7): 75-80. (in Chinese)
[28]
刘孟楠, 雷生辉, 赵静慧, 等. 电动拖拉机发展历程与研究现状综述[J]. 农业机械学报, 2022, 53(增刊1): 348-364.
LIU Mengnan, LEI Shenghui, ZHAO Jinghui, et al. Review of development process and research status of electric tractors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2022, 53(Supp.1): 348-364. (in Chinese)
[29]
东北农学院农机系汽车与拖拉机教研组. “电牛-33”和“电牛-55”电动拖拉机[J]. 东北农学院学报, 1960(3): 1-11.
Automobile and Tractor Teaching and Research Group, Department of Agricultural Machinery, Northeast Agricultural University. “Electric cattle-33” and “electric cattle-55” electric tractors[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural College, 1960(3): 1-11.
[30]
徐立友, 石明岳, 刘孟楠, 等. 基于质量闭环算法的双轴驱动燃料电池拖拉机参数研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2025, 56(4): 543-553.
XU Liyou, SHI Mingyue, LIU Mengnan, et al. Parameter research of dual-axle drive fuel cell tractor based on mass closure algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2025, 56(4): 543-553. (in Chinese)
[31]
ESTEVEZ M A P, FRIGOLA J M, LLOBET J A, et al. Optimal design of a series hybrid powertrain for an agricultural tractor[J]. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 2024, 24: 100789.
[32]
邓晓亭, 朱思洪, 高辉松, 等. 混合动力拖拉机传动系统设计理论与方法[J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(8): 24-31,36.
DENG Xiaoting, ZHU Sihong, GAO Huisong, et al. Design theory and method for drive train of hybrid electric tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(8): 24-31,36. (in Chinese)
[33]
李金凤, 张学敏, 宋正河, 等. 基于TRIZ理论的分布式混合动力拖拉机动力系统设计与验证[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(1): 366-381.
LI Jinfeng, ZHANG Xuemin, SONG Zhenghe, et al. Design and experiment of distributed hybrid electric tractor powertrain system based on TRIZ theory[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(1): 366-381. (in Chinese)
[34]
TRONCON D, ALBERTI L. Case of study of the electrification of a tractor: electric motor performance requirements and design[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(9): 2197.
[35]
窦海石, 王卓兵, 张幽彤. 双流耦合拖拉机设计及动力系统参数校核[J]. 拖拉机与农用运输车, 2025(3): 26-29.
DOU Haishi, WANG Zhuobing, ZHANG Youtong. Design of dual-stream coupled tractor and verification of power system parameters[J]. Tractor & Farm Transporter, 2025(3): 26-29. (in Chinese)
[36]
张凯, 鲁植雄, 王琳, 等. 基于杠杆拓扑法的混合动力拖拉机ECVT构型设计与节能控制[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(12): 505-518,538.
ZHANG Kai, LU Zhixiong, WANG Lin, et al. ECVT configuration design and energy-saving control of hybrid tractor based on lever topology method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(12): 505-518,538. (in Chinese)
[37]
李明生, 鄢玉林, 谢守勇, 等. 甲烷动力拖拉机研究现状及发展展望[J]. 中国农机装备, 2023(8): 42-46.
LI Mingsheng, YAN Yulin, XIE Shouyong, et al. Research status and development prospect of methane-powered tractor[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2023(8): 42-46. (in Chinese)
[38]
盛杰. 装备机液复合传动装置的混合动力拖拉机模式切换品质优化[D]. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2024.
SHENG Jie. Optimization of mode switching quality for hybrid composite transmission devices tractors equipped with mechanical hydraulic[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2024. (in Chinese)
[39]
王磊, 陈建, 胡陈君, 等. 电动微耕机的研究现状及分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(1): 229-236.
WANG Lei, CHEN Jian, HU Chenjun, et al. Research status and analysis of electric mini-tiller[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2020, 41(1): 229-236. (in Chinese)
[40]
徐立友, 张俊江, 闫祥海, 等. 农业装备电动化技术研究综述[J]. 农业机械学报, 2023, 54(9): 1-12.
XU Liyou, ZHANG Junjiang, YAN Xianghai, et al. Review of research for agricultural equipment electrification technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2023, 54(9): 1-12. (in Chinese)
[41]
齐兴源, 林蜀云, 王应芬, 等. 一种小型电动微耕机的设计[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2024, 52(14): 174-177.
QI Xingyuan, LIN Shuyun, WANG Yingfen, et al. Design of a small electric micro tiller[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 52(14): 174-177. (in Chinese)
[42]
刘学林, 王晶, 高辉松. 基于轮毂电机驱动的电动微耕机机架设计与分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2013, 41(14): 6557-6560.
LIU Xuelin, WANG Jing, GAO Huisong. Design and analysis of electric micro-farming machine frame based on the in-wheel motor[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(14): 6557-6560. (in Chinese)
[43]
薛劭帅, 蔡宗平, 李庆, 等. 基于超级电容辅能的电动微耕机复合电源系统研究与试验[J]. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 45(2): 179-191.
XUE Shaoshuai, CAI Zongping, LI Qing, et al. Research and experiment on composite power supply system of micro-tiller based on supercapacitor auxiliary energy[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 45(2): 179-191. (in Chinese)
[44]
杨晓, 樊宝龙, 温昌凯, 等. 手扶自走式电动微耕机设计与试验[J]. 智能化农业装备学报(中英文), 2025, 6(3): 11-21.
YANG Xiao, FAN Baolong, WEN Changkai, et al. Design and experiment of hand assisted self-propelled electric micro tillage machine[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 6(3): 11-21. (in Chinese)
[45]
王家博, 魏文波, 王广阔, 等. 履带式电动微耕机自动导航系统设计与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(23): 63-72.
WANG Jiabo, WEI Wenbo, WANG Guangkuo, et al. Design and experiment of the automatic navigation system for tracked electric micro tillers[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2024, 40(23): 63-72. (in Chinese)
[46]
XIAO M, MA Y, WANG C, et al. Design and experiment of fuzzy-PID based tillage depth control system for a self-propelled electric tiller[J]. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2023, 16(4): 116-125.
[47]
赵萌, 林蔚然, 杨忠昌, 等. 基于微型自耕机混合动力控制方法及混合机械动力装置设计[J]. 机电工程技术, 2021, 50(6): 12-14,51.
ZHAO Meng, LIN Weiran, YANG Zhongchang, et al. Hybrid control method and hybrid mechanical power device design based on miniature self-tiller[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology, 2021, 50(6): 12-14,51. (in Chinese)
[48]
刘声扬. 丘陵山地果园轮腿移动平台总体设计及转向驱动控制研究[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2024.
LIU Shengyang. Research on the overall design and steering drive control of the wheel-legged mobile platform in hilly orchards[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2024. (in Chinese)
[49]
颜鹏, 陈平录, 于成龙, 等. 丘陵山地果园移动平台研究现状与展望[J]. 南方农机, 2024, 55(17): 53-56.
[50]
潘良, 佘小明, 傅川, 等. 小型通用轮式电动底盘设计与试验[J]. 农机化研究, 2023, 45(9): 240-244.
PAN Liang, SHE Xiaoming, FU Chuan, et al. Design and test of small all-purpose wheeled electric chassis[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2023, 45(9): 240-244. (in Chinese)
[51]
褚阳阳, 汪冰清, 薛金林, 等. 轮式果园多功能自主导航作业平台设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(2): 180-186.
CHU Yangyang, WANG Bingqing, XUE Jinlin, et al. Design of a wheeled multi-function autonomous operation platform in orchard[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(2): 180-186. (in Chinese)
[52]
田生睿. 棚室机器人通用作业平台的研究与应用[D]. 大庆: 黑龙江八一农垦大学, 2021.
TIAN Shengrui. Research and application of a universal operational platform for greenhouse robots[D]. Daqing: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 2021. (in Chinese)
[53]
宫庆福, 宋月鹏, 马伟, 等. 丘陵果园小型履带式农用底盘设计及有限元分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(8): 232-237.
GONG Qingfu, SONG Yuepeng, MA Wei, et al. Design and finite element analysis of small crawler agricultural chassis in hilly orchard[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(8): 232-237. (in Chinese)
[54]
YUE B, ZHANG Z, ZHANG W, et al. Design of an automatic navigation and operation system for a crawler-based orchard sprayer using GNSS positioning[J]. Agronomy, 2024, 14(2): 271.
[55]
董继伟, 潘良, 曹中华, 等. 履带式果园对靶仿形施药机设计与试验[J]. 农机化研究, 2025, 47(9): 251-260.
DONG Jiwei, PAN Liang, CAO Zhonghua, et al. Design and experiment of tracked orchard target alignment and profiling sprayer machine[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2025, 47(9): 251-260. (in Chinese)
[56]
NI L, WU L, ZHANG H. Parameters uncertainty analysis of posture control of a four-wheel-legged robot with series slow active suspension system[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2022, 175: 104966.
[57]
LIU D, WANG J, LEI T, et al. Active suspension control with consensus strategy for dynamic posture tracking of wheel-legged robotic systems on uneven surfaces[J]. ISA Transactions, 2022, 131: 628-638.
[58]
张庆, 潘烤鑫, 王振宇, 等. 复杂地形下仿生轮腿式机器人位姿控制研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2024, 55(6): 380-391,403.
ZHANG Qing, PAN Kaoxin, WANG Zhenyu, et al. Pose control of biomimetic wheel-egged robots in complex terrain[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2024, 55(6): 380-391,403. (in Chinese)
[59]
欧阳安. 我国农用无人机产业发展现状及建议[J]. 农业工程, 2022, 12(5): 5-9.
OUYANG An. Development status and suggestions of agricultural UAV industry in China[J]. Agricultural Engineering, 2022, 12(5): 5-9. (in Chinese)
[60]
WARGO C A, CHURCH G C, GLANEUESKI J, et al. Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) research and future analysis[C]//2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 2014: 1-16.
[61]
周志艳, 明锐, 臧禹, 等. 中国农业航空发展现状及对策建议[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(20): 1-13.
ZHOU Zhiyan, MING Rui, ZANG Yu, et al. Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017, 33(20): 1-13. (in Chinese)
[62]
工业和信息化部, 农业农村部, 国家发展改革委. 农机装备发展行动方案(2016—2025)[R]. 北京: 工业和信息化部, 2016-12-22.
[63]
国务院. 加快推进农业机械化和农机装备产业转型升级的指导意见[R]. 北京: 国务院, 2018-12-21.
[64]
国务院. “十四五”推进农业农村现代化规划[R]. 北京: 国务院, 2021-11-12.
[65]
农业农村部, 国家发展改革委. 农业农村减排固碳实施方案[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2022-06-29.
[66]
农业农村部, 财政部. 2024—2026年农机购置与应用补贴实施意见[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2024-04-30.
[67]
科技部, 农业农村部. 全国农业科技创新重点领域(2024—2028年)[R]. 北京: 科技部, 2024-11-05.
[68]
农业农村部, 国家发展改革委, 财政部. 关于实施好2025年农业机械报废更新补贴政策的通知[R]. 北京: 农业农村部, 2025-02-20.
[69]
中共中央, 国务院. 中共中央国务院关于进一步深化农村改革扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见[R]. 北京: 中共中央、国务院, 2025-02-23.
[70]
杨志平. 电动力农业机械发展现状和趋势分析[J]. 农业机械, 2013(31): 103-104.
[71]
王世龙, 卜凡鹏, 勇晔, 等. 电动农机规模化应用路径及发展趋势预测[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(8): 281-287.
WANG Shilong, BU Fanpeng, YONG Ye, et al. Path to large-scale application and prediction of development trend for electric agricultural machinery[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(8): 281-287. (in Chinese)
[72]
买合木江·巴吐尔, 毛吾兰, 刘佳, 等. 农业机械智能化技术发展现状[J]. 农业工程, 2025, 15(6): 1-7.
BATUER Maihemujiang, MAO Wulan, LIU Jia, et al. Development status of agricultural machinery intelligence technology[J]. Agricultural Engineering, 2025, 15(6): 1-7. (in Chinese)
[73]
张澍. 新能源农机技术动力装置展望[J]. 农业机械, 2019(2): 67-69.
[74]
沈文龙, 周俊, 姬长英, 等. 中国电动拖拉机研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2017, 38(10): 102-107.
SHEN Wenlong, ZHOU Jun, JI Changying, et al. Research review about electric tractor in China[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017, 38(10): 102-107. (in Chinese)
[75]
田瑞丰, 张诚, 杨晓. 新能源智能拖拉机发展现状与技术趋势[J]. 农学学报, 2025, 15(2): 81-88.
TIAN Ruifeng, ZHANG Cheng, YANG Xiao. Development status and technical trend of new energy power & intelligence tractors[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(2): 81-88. (in Chinese)
[76]
董涛. 新能源农机发展浅析[J]. 农机市场, 2024(4): 40-41.
2025年第56卷第12期
PDF下载
304
129
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003
  • 接收时间:2025-09-01
  • 首发时间:2026-09-30
  • 出版时间:2025-12-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-01
  • 修回日期:2025-09-30
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2001302)
工业和信息化部“推动智能农机装备发展相关支撑工作”项目(ZBYS-ZYC-2025-6)
作者信息
    1.工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京 100846
    2.中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083
    3.南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037

通讯作者:

宋正河(1973—),男,教授,博士,主要从事农机装备试验验证方法与技术研究,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/nyjxxb/CN/10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.12.003
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏