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TIn response to the "low nitrogen and low carbon" characteristics of the soil in the dry farming area of the Longzhong Loess Plateau and the problem of excessive application of chemical fertilizers, this study explored the optimal proportion of organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizers to achieve green increase in potato yield and efficient synergy of resources. The experiment set up 6 treatments to measure yield, quality and fertilizer utilization rate, and combined with ¹⁵N tracing to quantify the nitrogen utilization mechanism. The conclusion showed that 20% organic substitution by matching slow-release nutrients with the peak nutrient demand, activating soil phosphorus and potassium, and enhancing carbon metabolism was a preliminary optimized technical paradigm for achieving "equivalent nutrient substitution of 20% chemical fertilizers-5.4% increase in yield-improvement in quality and efficiency" in arid areas.

, authors=Xiaorui Li, authorsList=Xiaorui Li, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1294746782043500957, articleId=1294746781615681947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1293586367437176863, language=CN, title=旱作区马铃薯氮磷钾配施与有机肥替代技术优化试验, columnId=1294746762053439651, journalTitle=农业技术与装备, columnName=农学与生物技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对陇中黄土高原旱作区土壤“低氮低碳”特征及化肥过量施用问题，探究有机肥替代化肥的优化比例，以实现马铃薯绿色增产与资源高效协同。试验设置0%（CK₀）、常规施肥（CK）、10%~40%有机替代（T₁—T₄）6个处理，测定产量、品质及肥料利用率，结合¹⁵N示踪量化氮素利用机制。结果表明：20%替代（T₂）处理产量达40.7 t/hm²，较CK增产5.4%，氮肥利用率提升至45.3%，淀粉、维生素C显著优化；替代30%时产量降低2.85%、粗蛋白下降5.05%；替代40%时产量降低9.07%、粗蛋白下降9.17%。结论：20%有机替代通过缓释养分匹配需肥高峰、活化土壤磷钾及增强碳代谢，是旱区实现“等养分替代20%化肥—增产5.4%—提质增效”的初步优化技术范式。

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李小瑞（1982-），女，甘肃天水人，高级农艺师，研究方向为作物栽培管理。

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李小瑞（1982-），女，甘肃天水人，高级农艺师，研究方向为作物栽培管理。

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