Article(id=1297211671781594050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, issueId=1297211624738284246, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202601067, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1767888000000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-09, revisedDate=1780329600000, revisedDateStr=2026-06-02, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1787208963580, onlineDateStr=2026-08-20, pubDate=1782748800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1787208963580, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1787208963580, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1787208963580, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1297211624738284246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, year='2026', volume='42', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='396', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1782748800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1787208952364, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1787212261177, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1297225503002357852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, issueId=1297211624738284246, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1297225503002357853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, issueId=1297211624738284246, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=125, endPage=133, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1297211671991309251, articleId=1297211671781594050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, language=EN, title=Simulation analysis of the slip ratio of wheeled rice transplanter based on DEM-MBD coupling, columnId=1297211625698779863, journalTitle=Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, columnName=Agricultural Mechanization and Equipment Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Wheel-type rice transplanters have been widely used in mechanized paddy-field transplanting because of their flexible operation and convenient field transfer. However, during paddy-field operation, the unstable adhesion state between the driving wheels and saturated paddy soil may induce lateral deviation, longitudinal slip, and row-spacing errors. To clarify the slip behavior of a wheel-type rice transplanter under different soil moisture contents, traveling speeds, and whole-machine masses, this study analyzed the variation characteristics of the slip ratios of a wheel-type rice transplanter. A Xinyang 2ZG-6D1(G4) wheel-type rice transplanter was selected as the research object. A whole-machine multi-body dynamics model was established in RecurDyn, and a layered paddy-soil particle bed was constructed in EDEM. The Hertz-Mindlin with JKR contact model was adopted as the soil contact model to describe the adhesive contact behavior among paddy-soil particles and between soil particles and soil-engaging components. Compression tests and direct shear tests were conducted to calibrate the discrete element parameters of paddy soil, thereby improving the reliability of the soil model. The bidirectional coupling between the transplanter model and the soil model was realized through the EDEM-RecurDyn coupling interface. Soil moisture content, traveling speed, and whole-machine mass were selected as experimental factors, while lateral slip ratio and longitudinal slip ratio were used as evaluation indexes. Based on the calibrated discrete element method and multi-body dynamics (DEM-MBD) coupling model, a Box-Behnken response surface experiment was conducted to investigate the effects and interaction mechanisms of the three factors on the two slip indexes. Regression models of the lateral and longitudinal slip ratios were established, and multi-objective optimization was carried out to obtain a suitable parameter combination. Field tests were finally performed to verify the prediction accuracy of the coupled simulation model. The results showed that soil moisture content had the most significant effect on both lateral and longitudinal slip ratios, with contribution rates of 20.54% and 35.74%, respectively. The interaction between soil moisture content and whole-machine mass also had an obvious influence on the two slip ratios, indicating that the effect of machine load on wheel-soil interaction depended strongly on the moisture state of paddy soil. With increasing soil moisture content, the bearing, shear, and adhesion characteristics of the soil changed, further affecting wheel sinkage, soil adhesion, and driving stability. Within the experimental range, when the soil moisture content was 32%, the traveling speed was 0.54 m/s, and the whole-machine mass was 854 kg, the lateral and longitudinal slip ratios showed relatively good comprehensive performance; that is, both indexes remained at relatively low levels under the multi-objective optimization constraints. The field validation results showed that the measured lateral slip ratio was 1.55%, while the simulated value was 1.36%, with a relative error of 12.25%. The measured longitudinal slip ratio was 11.48%, while the simulated value was 10.15%, with a relative error of 11.59%. Both errors were within 15%, indicating that the established DEM-MBD coupling model can reasonably predict the slip ratios of a wheel-type rice transplanter under paddy-field conditions. This study provides a feasible simulation method for analyzing wheel-soil interaction in paddy fields and offers a reference for the design of walking systems and the optimization of operating parameters for paddy-field machinery.

, authors=Tianyu YANG1, 2, Weiming YI1, 2, *, Zhengwei LI3, Hao WANG1, 2, authorsList=Tianyu YANG, Weiming YI, Zhengwei LI, Hao WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Weiming YI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1297211675837486042, articleId=1297211671781594050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, language=CN, title=基于 DEM-MBD 耦合的轮式水稻插秧机滑动率分析, columnId=1297211625841386201, journalTitle=农业工程学报, columnName=农业机械化与装备工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对轮式水稻插秧机在水田作业过程中因轮-土附着状态不稳定引起的侧向偏移、纵向滑移及插秧行距偏差等问题,该研究对不同土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量下的插秧机滑动率变化规律进行分析。以新洋 2ZG-6D1(G4) 型轮式水稻插秧机为研究对象,在 RecurDyn 中建立整机多体动力学模型,采用 Hertz-Mindlin with JKR 模型作为土壤接触模型,表征水田土壤颗粒间及其与触土部件间的黏附接触行为,并通过承压试验和剪切试验标定水田土壤离散元参数,在 EDEM 中构建分层水田土壤颗粒床。以土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量为试验因素,以侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率为评价指标,开展 Box-Behnken 响应面试验,建立滑动率回归模型并进行多目标优化。土壤含水率对侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率影响最显著,贡献率分别为 20.54% 和 35.74%;含水率与整机质量的交互作用对两类滑动率影响明显。在本文设定范围内,当土壤含水率为 32%、行驶速度为 0.54 m/s、整机质量为 854 kg 时,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率综合表现较优,即二者在多目标优化约束下均达到较小水平。田间验证结果表明,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率仿真值与实测值的相对误差分别为 12.25% 和 11.59%。所建立的 DEM-MBD 耦合模型能够较准确预测水田条件下轮式水稻插秧机的滑动率,可为水田机械行走系统设计与作业参数优化提供参考。

, authors=杨田雨1, 2, 易维明1, 2, *, 李政委3, 汪浩1, 2, authorsList=杨田雨, 易维明, 李政委, 汪浩, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=易维明, authorNote=

杨田雨,研究方向为农业机械化。Email:

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易维明,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为农业工程,生物质能源与材料。Email:
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杨田雨,研究方向为农业机械化。Email:

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(in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1300032353687068794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032353708040315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032353687068794, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032353737400444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032353687068794, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博 255000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1300032355159269501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032355310264446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032355159269501, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Shandong Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032355318653055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032355159269501, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博 255000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1300032355398344832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032355402539137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032355398344832, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1300032355410927746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, companyId=1300032355398344832, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3山东理工大学机械工程学院,淄博 255000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1300032360217600166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The model of rice transplanter, figureFileSmall=8Yy25TenpxMCNZ5+3pShuA==, figureFileBig=FmJVCy0TOijdH7yuUFhE1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1300032360288903335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=图1, caption=水稻插秧机模型, figureFileSmall=8Yy25TenpxMCNZ5+3pShuA==, figureFileBig=FmJVCy0TOijdH7yuUFhE1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1300032360389566632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Model of soil particle bed, figureFileSmall=EJnQGLfnWO9sQGRkHIf9OQ==, figureFileBig=lqYg2n5XlBQIkc/WIArqxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1300032360477647017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=图2, caption=土壤颗粒床模型

注:a、b、h 分别为颗粒床的长、宽、高,mm。

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注:σ 为法向应力,kPa;v 为剪切速率,mm·min−1.

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注:x 为沿插秧机前进方向的位置坐标轴;y 为水平方向上垂直于插秧机前进方向的位置坐标轴;车体质心速度分量为 $ {v}_{x} $$ {v}_{y} $, m·s−1

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Soil calibration test factors and levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平
Level
恢复系数
Coefficient of
restitution X1
静摩擦系数
Static friction
coefficient X2
滚动摩擦系数
Rolling friction
coefficient X3
JKR 表面能
JKR surface
energy X4/( J·m−2)
−10.150.440.053.5
00.450.800.157.0
10.751.160.2510.5
), ArticleFig(id=1300032361874350269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

土壤标定试验因素及水平

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平
Level
恢复系数
Coefficient of
restitution X1
静摩擦系数
Static friction
coefficient X2
滚动摩擦系数
Rolling friction
coefficient X3
JKR 表面能
JKR surface
energy X4/( J·m−2)
−10.150.440.053.5
00.450.800.157.0
10.751.160.2510.5
), ArticleFig(id=1300032361937264830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Soil parameter calibration results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
含水率
Moisture
content/%
恢复系数
Coefficient of
restitution X1
静摩擦系数
Static friction
coefficient X2
滚动摩擦系数
Rolling friction
coefficient X3
JKR 表面能
JKR surface
energy X4/
(J·m−2)
仿真负载力
Simulated
load force/N
200.6681.0670.1489.34510.25
240.4790.4790.1346.3706.63
280.1560.7810.2196.1921.41
320.1620.9670.2449.3280.91
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362000179391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

土壤参数标定结果

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含水率
Moisture
content/%
恢复系数
Coefficient of
restitution X1
静摩擦系数
Static friction
coefficient X2
滚动摩擦系数
Rolling friction
coefficient X3
JKR 表面能
JKR surface
energy X4/
(J·m−2)
仿真负载力
Simulated
load force/N
200.6681.0670.1489.34510.25
240.4790.4790.1346.3706.63
280.1560.7810.2196.1921.41
320.1620.9670.2449.3280.91
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362067288256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Test factors and levels

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水平
Level
含水率
Moisture content
A/%
行驶速度
Travel speed
B/(m·s−1)
整机质量
Whole-machine
mass C /kg
-1240.5760
0281.0820
1321.5880
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362134397121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

试验因素及水平

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水平
Level
含水率
Moisture content
A/%
行驶速度
Travel speed
B/(m·s−1)
整机质量
Whole-machine
mass C /kg
-1240.5760
0281.0820
1321.5880
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362197311682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Box-Behnken test and results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
No.
A/%B/(m·s-1)C/kg侧向滑动率
Lateral slip
ratioSy/%
纵向滑动率
Longitudinal slip
ratioSx/%
1240.582017.0917.33
2320.58204.2010.45
3241.582010.8720.63
4321.58203.1416.49
5241.076011.4715.63
6321.07603.8411.95
7241.088019.8620.18
8321.08804.0511.90
9280.57604.3910.43
10281.57602.9113.24
11280.58807.8512.03
12281.588010.4314.65
13281.082022.4017.52
14281.082023.2518.34
15281.082023.3118.72
16281.082025.3819.16
17281.082024.2217.96
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362251837635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

Box-Behnken 试验及结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
No.
A/%B/(m·s-1)C/kg侧向滑动率
Lateral slip
ratioSy/%
纵向滑动率
Longitudinal slip
ratioSx/%
1240.582017.0917.33
2320.58204.2010.45
3241.582010.8720.63
4321.58203.1416.49
5241.076011.4715.63
6321.07603.8411.95
7241.088019.8620.18
8321.08804.0511.90
9280.57604.3910.43
10281.57602.9113.24
11280.58807.8512.03
12281.588010.4314.65
13281.082022.4017.52
14281.082023.2518.34
15281.082023.3118.72
16281.082025.3819.16
17281.082024.2217.96
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362318946500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Analysis of variance for slip ratio regression models

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源
Source
$ {S}_{y} $ $ {S}_{x} $
平方和
Sum of squares
F
F value
P
P value
平方和
Sum of squares
F
F value
P
P value
注:P<0.01(极显著),P<0.05(显著)。
Note: P<0.01 (extremely significant), P<0.05 (significant).
模型Model1181.3358.830.0001184.6736.520.0001
A242.66108.770.000166.01117.500.0001
B4.772.140.186927.2748.540.0002
C47.9221.480.00247.0512.550.0094
AB6.662.980.12771.883.340.1103
AC16.737.500.02905.299.420.0181
BC4.121.850.21630.00900.01610.9027
A2138.6562.150.00010.04750.08460.7796
B2352.40157.960.000120.7736.980.0005
C2280.94125.930.000152.5093.460.0001
残差
Residual
15.623.93
失拟项
Lack of fit
10.482.30
纯误差
Pure error
5.141.63
总计
Cor total
1196.95188.60
), ArticleFig(id=1300032362432192709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

滑动率回归模型方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源
Source
$ {S}_{y} $ $ {S}_{x} $
平方和
Sum of squares
F
F value
P
P value
平方和
Sum of squares
F
F value
P
P value
注:P<0.01(极显著),P<0.05(显著)。
Note: P<0.01 (extremely significant), P<0.05 (significant).
模型Model1181.3358.830.0001184.6736.520.0001
A242.66108.770.000166.01117.500.0001
B4.772.140.186927.2748.540.0002
C47.9221.480.00247.0512.550.0094
AB6.662.980.12771.883.340.1103
AC16.737.500.02905.299.420.0181
BC4.121.850.21630.00900.01610.9027
A2138.6562.150.00010.04750.08460.7796
B2352.40157.960.000120.7736.980.0005
C2280.94125.930.000152.5093.460.0001
残差
Residual
15.623.93
失拟项
Lack of fit
10.482.30
纯误差
Pure error
5.141.63
总计
Cor total
1196.95188.60
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基于 DEM-MBD 耦合的轮式水稻插秧机滑动率分析
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杨田雨 1, 2 , 易维明 1, 2, * , 李政委 3 , 汪浩 1, 2
农业工程学报 | 农业机械化与装备工程 2026,42(12): 125-133
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农业工程学报 |农业机械化与装备工程 2026 , 42 (12) : 125 -133
基于 DEM-MBD 耦合的轮式水稻插秧机滑动率分析
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[Author(id=1300032355499008132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yty676766948@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1300032355800998023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, authorId=1300032355499008132, language=EN, stringName=Tianyu YANG, firstName=Tianyu, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
2Shandong Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1300032355868106888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296125453100220459, articleId=1297211671781594050, authorId=1300032355499008132, language=CN, stringName=杨田雨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博 255000
2山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博 255000, bio={"content":"

杨田雨,研究方向为农业机械化。Email:

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杨田雨,研究方向为农业机械化。Email:

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杨田雨1, 2 , 易维明1, 2, * , 李政委3, 汪浩1, 2
作者信息
  • 1山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博 255000
  • 2山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博 255000
  • 3山东理工大学机械工程学院,淄博 255000
通讯作者:
易维明,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为农业工程,生物质能源与材料。Email:
作者简介:

杨田雨,研究方向为农业机械化。Email:

Simulation analysis of the slip ratio of wheeled rice transplanter based on DEM-MBD coupling
Tianyu YANG1, 2 , Weiming YI1, 2, * , Zhengwei LI3, Hao WANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
  • 2Shandong Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255000, China
  • 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
出版时间: 2026-06-30 doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202601067
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针对轮式水稻插秧机在水田作业过程中因轮-土附着状态不稳定引起的侧向偏移、纵向滑移及插秧行距偏差等问题,该研究对不同土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量下的插秧机滑动率变化规律进行分析。以新洋 2ZG-6D1(G4) 型轮式水稻插秧机为研究对象,在 RecurDyn 中建立整机多体动力学模型,采用 Hertz-Mindlin with JKR 模型作为土壤接触模型,表征水田土壤颗粒间及其与触土部件间的黏附接触行为,并通过承压试验和剪切试验标定水田土壤离散元参数,在 EDEM 中构建分层水田土壤颗粒床。以土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量为试验因素,以侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率为评价指标,开展 Box-Behnken 响应面试验,建立滑动率回归模型并进行多目标优化。土壤含水率对侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率影响最显著,贡献率分别为 20.54% 和 35.74%;含水率与整机质量的交互作用对两类滑动率影响明显。在本文设定范围内,当土壤含水率为 32%、行驶速度为 0.54 m/s、整机质量为 854 kg 时,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率综合表现较优,即二者在多目标优化约束下均达到较小水平。田间验证结果表明,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率仿真值与实测值的相对误差分别为 12.25% 和 11.59%。所建立的 DEM-MBD 耦合模型能够较准确预测水田条件下轮式水稻插秧机的滑动率,可为水田机械行走系统设计与作业参数优化提供参考。

水稻插秧机  /  EDEM  /  RecurDyn  /  滑动率  /  土壤-机器互作  /  响应面法

Wheel-type rice transplanters have been widely used in mechanized paddy-field transplanting because of their flexible operation and convenient field transfer. However, during paddy-field operation, the unstable adhesion state between the driving wheels and saturated paddy soil may induce lateral deviation, longitudinal slip, and row-spacing errors. To clarify the slip behavior of a wheel-type rice transplanter under different soil moisture contents, traveling speeds, and whole-machine masses, this study analyzed the variation characteristics of the slip ratios of a wheel-type rice transplanter. A Xinyang 2ZG-6D1(G4) wheel-type rice transplanter was selected as the research object. A whole-machine multi-body dynamics model was established in RecurDyn, and a layered paddy-soil particle bed was constructed in EDEM. The Hertz-Mindlin with JKR contact model was adopted as the soil contact model to describe the adhesive contact behavior among paddy-soil particles and between soil particles and soil-engaging components. Compression tests and direct shear tests were conducted to calibrate the discrete element parameters of paddy soil, thereby improving the reliability of the soil model. The bidirectional coupling between the transplanter model and the soil model was realized through the EDEM-RecurDyn coupling interface. Soil moisture content, traveling speed, and whole-machine mass were selected as experimental factors, while lateral slip ratio and longitudinal slip ratio were used as evaluation indexes. Based on the calibrated discrete element method and multi-body dynamics (DEM-MBD) coupling model, a Box-Behnken response surface experiment was conducted to investigate the effects and interaction mechanisms of the three factors on the two slip indexes. Regression models of the lateral and longitudinal slip ratios were established, and multi-objective optimization was carried out to obtain a suitable parameter combination. Field tests were finally performed to verify the prediction accuracy of the coupled simulation model. The results showed that soil moisture content had the most significant effect on both lateral and longitudinal slip ratios, with contribution rates of 20.54% and 35.74%, respectively. The interaction between soil moisture content and whole-machine mass also had an obvious influence on the two slip ratios, indicating that the effect of machine load on wheel-soil interaction depended strongly on the moisture state of paddy soil. With increasing soil moisture content, the bearing, shear, and adhesion characteristics of the soil changed, further affecting wheel sinkage, soil adhesion, and driving stability. Within the experimental range, when the soil moisture content was 32%, the traveling speed was 0.54 m/s, and the whole-machine mass was 854 kg, the lateral and longitudinal slip ratios showed relatively good comprehensive performance; that is, both indexes remained at relatively low levels under the multi-objective optimization constraints. The field validation results showed that the measured lateral slip ratio was 1.55%, while the simulated value was 1.36%, with a relative error of 12.25%. The measured longitudinal slip ratio was 11.48%, while the simulated value was 10.15%, with a relative error of 11.59%. Both errors were within 15%, indicating that the established DEM-MBD coupling model can reasonably predict the slip ratios of a wheel-type rice transplanter under paddy-field conditions. This study provides a feasible simulation method for analyzing wheel-soil interaction in paddy fields and offers a reference for the design of walking systems and the optimization of operating parameters for paddy-field machinery.

rice transplanter  /  EDEM  /  RecurDyn  /  slip ratio  /  soil-machine interaction  /  response surface method
杨田雨, 易维明, 李政委, 汪浩. 基于 DEM-MBD 耦合的轮式水稻插秧机滑动率分析. 农业工程学报, 2026 , 42 (12) : 125 -133 . DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202601067
Tianyu YANG, Weiming YI, Zhengwei LI, Hao WANG. Simulation analysis of the slip ratio of wheeled rice transplanter based on DEM-MBD coupling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2026 , 42 (12) : 125 -133 . DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202601067
水稻作为中国最主要的经济作物和粮食作物之一[1],其机械化移栽对稳定产量与提升作业效率具有关键作用。轮式水稻插秧机因其机动性强、转场方便等优势在生产中得到了广泛应用,但在实际作业过程中,由于水田土壤独特的力学特性,驱动轮极易发生滑转并诱发侧向滑移,进而导致插秧行距偏差、漏插与重插等质量问题[2]。滑动率是表征插秧机行走性能与直线稳定性的核心指标之一,因此,研究土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量等作业条件对轮式插秧机侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率的影响规律,对于优化插秧机的设计、提高其作业性能具有重要的现实意义。
车辆地面力学领域围绕轮-壤相互作用与滑移机理已开展大量研究。经典理论方面,Bekker 承压模型[3]及 Wong 修正模型[4]为软土通过性研究奠定了理论基础。在工程应用研究中,学者们多聚焦于履带车辆或通用轮式车辆的滑移模型和控制策略,例如通过理论建模分析滑转与行驶阻力的关系[5]、建立应力分布模型[6-8]或设计鲁棒控制算法[9]。在农业机械领域,部分研究通过试验手段建立了滑转率与作业工况的关系模型[10],或融合导航与传感技术实现侧滑估计[11-12],亦有学者通过耦合仿真方法分析履带收获机的滑移行为[13]。这些研究为理解机械-地面相互作用提供了重要参考。然而,针对轮式插秧机滑动问题的研究相对较少,现有研究多集中于插秧机的整体结构、插植机构或速度控制等方面,对水田土壤-轮胎耦合作用下的滑动率产生机制与多因素影响规律尚未深入研究。履带车辆[14-18]或其他硬路面上轮式车辆[19-22]的滑动模型,因作用机理与边界条件差异,难以直接适用于水田轮式作业机械。
离散元法(discrete element method,DEM)能够描述水田土壤颗粒间黏附、剪切和承压行为,多体动力学(multi-body dynamics,MBD)能够反映插秧机车体运动、载荷传递及驱动约束,两者耦合可为水田轮式作业机械滑动率分析提供有效方法。该方法兼具模型可控性、参数可调性与数据获取完整性等优势,适用于模拟松软土壤与机械部件的动态作用过程。然而,针对轮式水稻插秧机在水田行驶过程中侧向、纵向滑动率的系统定量研究仍相对不足,尤其缺乏可用于参数分析与优化设计的仿真模型与结论。田间试验能够获得真实作业数据,但水田土壤含水率等难以精确控制,且受季节气象影响显著,造成试验窗口短、重复性差与成本高等问题。因此,构建经标定与验证的 DEM-MBD 耦合仿真模型,并在可控参数区间内开展因素分析与响应面建模,对揭示滑动率影响规律、指导整机参数设计具有重要意义。
综上,现有研究多集中于履带车辆、硬路面轮式车辆或一般农业机械的滑移行为,对水田条件下轮式水稻插秧机的侧向滑动率与纵向滑动率缺乏系统定量分析。尤其是土壤含水率、整机质量和行驶速度对滑动率的交互影响尚不明确,限制了水田插秧机行走系统参数优化和作业稳定性控制。为此,本文利用 EDEM-RecurDyn联合仿真平台,通过承压试验与剪切试验对土壤离散元参数进行标定,并采用响应面法分析作业参数对侧向和纵向滑动率的影响规律,最后通过田间试验验证模型可靠性,以期为水田轮式插秧机行走系统设计和作业参数优化提供依据。
以新洋 2ZG-6D1(G4) 型轮式水稻插秧机实体机的参数为基础建立水稻插秧机物理模型。将插秧机简化为行驶机构和机架两部分。首先利用 Solidworks 软件对轮式插秧机进行物理建模,如图1 所示;然后以 STP 格式导入 SpaceClaim 软件进行模型简化,将简化后的行驶机构和机架分别导入 RecurDyn 软件中,在 RecurDyn 中将两部分进行装配。
为了消除边界效应的干扰,将颗粒土床设计为长 5000 mm、宽 2500 mm、高 300 mm,如图2 所示。
为了搭建分层水田土壤离散元模型,本文对实际土壤剖面进行了合理简化。模型由上下两层组成,下层高为 200 mm,生成含水率 20% 的承载层土壤,用于模拟水田下层相对稳定的支撑土体。上层高为 100 mm,生成作业层土壤,其含水率设置为 24%、28% 和 32%,用于模拟车轮直接作用的表层软泥层。建模时,首先在下层区域随机生成土壤颗粒,直至填满该区域然后去掉颗粒工厂;随后观察颗粒的运动状态,待全部颗粒达到静止,再以相同的方式在上层区域生成土壤颗粒并等待其稳定。
在 RecurDyn 软件中建立插秧机整车多体动力学模型,施加行走机构与机架之间的运动副约束,并根据不同试验工况设置驱动条件和整机载荷。在 EDEM 软件中,基于标定后的土壤颗粒接触参数生成分层水田土壤颗粒床[23-26]。在创建完成耦合模型后,需要 wall 文件进行两者之间的通讯和数据传输。在 RecurDyn 软件中创建 5 个 wall 文件,并将其导入至 EDEM 软件中,随后在 EDEM 的 Simulator 模块中开启 coupling server,在 RecurDyn 中调用耦合接口,实现土壤颗粒与插秧机触土部件之间的力和运动信息双向传递。为减少启动阶段瞬态波动对滑动率计算的影响,仿真结果统计时剔除起步和下落稳定阶段数据,仅选取插秧机进入稳定行驶阶段后的速度数据计算平均侧向滑动率和平均纵向滑动率。
水田土壤具有含水率高、承载力低和黏附性强等特点,轮-土作用过程中易产生沉陷、剪切变形和黏附阻力。为使离散元土壤模型较准确地表征水田土壤在轮载作用下的承压和抗剪特性,本文采用“承压标定-剪切验证”的参数确定方法。首先以土壤承压试验结果为目标,对土壤颗粒间主要接触参数进行标定;然后通过直剪试验验证标定参数对土体抗剪行为的适用性。
根据相关文献[27]及 GEMM 数据库,选取土-土恢复系数 X1、土-土静摩擦系数 X2、土-土滚动摩擦系数 X3和土壤 JKR 表面能 X4 为标定因素,以承压仿真试验输出的负载力 F 为响应指标,采用 Box-Behnken 试验设计进行四因素三水平参数标定。各因素取值范围分别为:恢复系数为 0.15~0.75;静摩擦系数为 0.44~1.16;滚动摩擦系数为 0.05~0.25;JKR 表面能为 3.5~10.5 J/m2。土壤标定试验因素及水平设置如表1 所示。
插秧机在水田行驶过程中,轮-土作用的首要表现为轮体沉陷与接地压力重分布,沉陷深度会进一步影响轮土接触面积、剪切带以及滑动行为变化[28]。因此,本文以承压试验获得的压头负载力为目标值,对土壤离散元参数进行标定,并采用 Hertz-Mindlin with JKR 接触模型表征水田土壤颗粒间及其与触土部件的接触、摩擦和黏附行为[29]
使用 TMS-PRO 质构仪进行土壤承压试验,物理承压试验如图3a 所示。将风干土壤剔除石块、秸秆等杂质,过 2 mm 筛后进行烘干,依据试验设置的含水率在烘干土中加入不同质量的纯净水,静置 24 h 后充分搅拌均匀,并使用烘干法复测其含水率。试验使用直径 75 mm 的圆形压头,以 60 mm/min 的恒速下移 2 mm,电脑自动记录负载力、时间和位移等数据。
依据土壤物理承压试验的具体方法,在 EDEM 软件中创建相应的虚拟土壤承压试验模型。该模型主要由盛土容器、圆形压板及土壤颗粒组成,如图3b 所示。盛土容器为圆柱形,土壤颗粒采用圆球模型,为了保证仿真计算效率并避免仿真结果显著失真,将土壤颗粒半径设定为 3 mm。圆形压板的材料为钢材料,将试验得到的钢材和土壤的接触参数和物理参数添加到 EDEM 软件中。土壤的本征参数如下:泊松比为 0.35;剪切模量为 1×107 Pa;密度为 1850 kg/m3。钢的本征参数如下:泊松比为 0.3;剪切模量为 7×1010 Pa;密度为 7850 kg/m3。之后根据实际承压试验的方法对圆形压板施加运动进行仿真试验。利用 Design-Expert 的优化模块,以物理试验得到的负载力 10.28、6.37、1.24、0.85 N 为目标值进行寻优。标定结果如表2 所示,表中含水率与后续分层土壤模型保持一致,其中 20% 用于下层承载层参数标定,24%、28% 和 32% 用于上层作业层的参数标定。
物理试验与仿真试验的时间-负载力曲线如图4 所示。结果显示利用该标定参数获得的仿真结果曲线与物理结果曲线变化趋势具有良好的一致性,说明仿真参数能比较准确反映实际力学行为,为颗粒床的生成提供了可靠的模型参数。利用标定后的参数进行土壤与触土部件的离散元仿真。
为进一步验证标定后土体模型的剪切合理性,使用应变控制直剪仪对含水率 20% 的承载层开展直剪物理试验,记录剪切应力变化。在 EDEM 中建立相同尺寸剪切盒模型进行对比,仿真剪切试验如图5 所示。试验法向应力 σ 为 100 kPa、剪切速率为 0.8 mm/min。
剪切位移-剪应力对比曲线,如图6 所示。仿真与试验曲线整体一致,随剪切位移增加剪切力上升,以曲线最大值作为峰值剪切力,试验峰值为 65.61 N、仿真峰值为 64.66 N,相对误差为 1.46%。结果表明,标定的参数不仅能够反映水田土壤的承压特性,也能够较好表征下层承载土体的抗剪特性。
本文主要聚焦于作业条件对滑动率的影响。土壤含水率与整机质量显著影响水田土壤的剪切和承压行为特性,进而影响插秧机的附着性能和前进阻力,并且该作用机制随行驶速度的变化表现出不同反应特征[3031]。因此在轮式水稻插秧机滑动率影响因素中选取土壤含水率、整机质量和行驶速度这3个核心因素。
土壤含水率采用质量含水率表示,按式(1)计算:
$ w=\frac{{m}_{w}}{{m}_{s}}\times 100\text{%} $
式中 $ {m}_{s} $ 为烘干土质量,g;$ {m}_{w} $ 为土样中水的质量,g。
根据《土工试验方法标准》(GB/T 50123-2019)测定试验土样的机械组成,测定结果为:砂粒含量 43.10%,粉粒含量 33.97%,黏粒含量 22.93%,由土壤分类表可知为黏壤土。使用 LP-100D 型液塑限仪测定试验土样的液、塑限,分别为27.99%、15.91%,由式(2)计算得塑性指数为 12.08%。
$ {I}_{L}=\frac{w-{w}_{p}}{{I}_{P}} $
式中 $ w $ 为实际含水率,%;$ {w}_{p} $ 为塑限含水率,%;$ {I}_{P} $ 为塑性指数,%。
为模拟插秧作业常见的耕层状态,并结合液、塑限试验结果,将水田土壤模型设置为上下两层。其中,上层为车轮直接作用的作业层,含水率按照试验因素水平设置为 24%、28% 和 32%,对应液性指数约为 0.67、1.00 和 1.33;下层为承载层,含水率设置为 20%,对应液性指数约为 0.34。根据新洋 2ZG-6D1(G4) 型轮式插秧机的额定作业速度,将插秧机行驶速度设置为 0.5~1.5 m/s。为覆盖空载-半载-满载的全负载状态,将插秧机质量区间设置为 760~880 kg,与农机实际作业的质量变化一致。滑动率试验因素及水平设置如表3 所示。
车辆的滑移率与滑转率统称为滑动率[13]。为定量表征插秧机在水田行驶过程中的横向偏移、纵向滑移和滑转,本文定义侧向滑动率与纵向滑动率两类指标,建立车身坐标系,如图7 所示。插秧机质心设为原点 o,坐标系为(x,y,z)。
插秧机侧向滑动率 $ {S}_{y} $ 和纵向滑动率 $ {S}_{x} $ 的计算式如下:
$ {S}_{y}=\frac{\left| {v}_{y}\right| }{{v}_{x}}\times 100\text{%} $
$ {S}_{x}=\frac{{v}_{w}-{v}_{x}}{{v}_{w}}\times 100\text{%} $
式中 $ {v}_{y} $ 为车体质心侧向速度,m/s;$ {v}_{x} $ 为车体质心实际纵向速度,m/s;$ {v}_{w} $ 为理论行驶速度,m/s。
$ {S}_{x} $>0 时表示实际前进速度小于理论速度,存在滑转;$ {S}_{x} $<0 时表示实际前进速度大于理论速度,表现为滑移;$ {S}_{x} $=0 表示纯滚动。
本文采用Box-Behnken 响应面试验设计,以土壤含水率 A、行驶速度 B 和整机质量 C 为试验因素,以侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率为响应指标。基于土壤参数标定结果,在 EDEM 中生成水田土壤颗粒床;在 RecurDyn 中建立插秧机行走系统动力学模型,并按各因素水平施加对应的驱动与载荷条件,完成各组工况的耦合仿真计算。仿真结束后,提取稳定行驶阶段的质心速度数据,计算侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率的平均值。利用 Design-Expert 软件对试验结果进行响应面回归建模、方差分析和参数优化。
通过 RecurDyn 软件生成 5 个 wall 文件,将其导入 EDEM 软件,在 EDEM 的 Simulator 模块中开启 coupling server 选项,在 RecurDyn 软件的 Dyn/Kin 中设置仿真时间为 2 s,使插秧机在重力作用下自然下落至土壤颗粒床并达到稳定状态,如图8 所示。随后保存该状态作为耦合仿真的初始条件,再在行驶机构与车架之间的旋转副处添加驱动,按不同试验工况进行行驶仿真,并同步采集插秧机质心速度、车轮转速和位移等数据。
为初步判断土壤含水率、行驶速度和整机质量对插秧机滑动率的影响趋势,并为后续 Box-Behnken 响应面试验中因素作用规律分析提供参考,分别改变各因素水平,建立单因素响应曲线,结果如图9 所示。纵向滑动率结果与文献中插秧机定速行驶时驱动轮滑转率在 0~0.3 区间内一致[32]。由图9 可知,在单因素变化条件下,土壤含水率变化引起的侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率变化幅度较大。随着含水率从编码值−1 增至 1,侧向滑动率由 24.46% 降至 5.06%,纵向滑动率由 22.50% 降至 15.14%。其原因在于,含水率改变了土壤颗粒间黏附、剪切和承压特性,进而影响车轮沉陷、接触面积和轮-土剪切带形态,使车辆横向扰动和纵向速度损失发生变化。行驶速度和整机质量对滑动率也具有一定影响。整机质量增大会提高轮胎接地压力,使轮胎沉陷深度和轮-土接触面积发生变化,进而影响土体剪切阻力和车辆横向扰动。当整机质量处于中间水平时,轮胎沉陷和土体剪切变形较明显,侧向滑动率出现较高值;继续增大整机质量后,轮胎与土壤接触更充分,行驶稳定性增强,侧向滑动率有所降低。行驶速度主要通过改变轮-土接触持续时间和土体扰动程度影响滑动率。低速时轮胎与土壤作用时间较长,土体压实和剪切变形更充分;速度升高后,轮-土作用时间缩短,土体变形程度降低,使侧向滑动率呈下降趋势。纵向滑动率则受驱动轮滑转、土体剪切破坏和实际前进速度共同影响,因此随速度和质量变化表现出非线性响应。
使用 Design-Expert 对试验结果进行 Box-Behnken 回归分析,试验方案及结果如表4 所示。
侧向滑动率与纵向滑动率方差分析结果如表5 所示。在 P<0.05 水平,ACAC 对侧向滑动率影响显著。速度 B 的主效应不显著,但二次项 A2B2C2 极显著,说明侧向滑动率存在明显曲率效应。模型的 P 值<0.0001,决定系数 R2 为0.987,说明回归模型极显著,并且拟合精度很高,说明二次回归能够有效表征三因素对侧向滑动率的影响。在 P<0.05 水平,ABCAC 对纵向滑动率的影响显著,二次项中 B2C2 极显著,而 A2 不显著,说明在本文含水率区间内纵向滑动率对含水率的响应以近似线性为主,而速度和质量存在明显非线性曲率效应。模型 P <0.0001,R2 为 0.979,说明回归模型有效。
表5 可知,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率回归模型均达到极显著水平,说明所建立的二次回归模型能够较好描述各因素与滑动率之间的关系。对于侧向滑动率,单因素影响程度由大到小依次为 ACB;交互项影响程度依次为 ACABBC,说明含水率与整机质量之间的交互作用对侧向滑动率影响较大。对于纵向滑动率,单因素影响程度由大到小依次为 ABC,说明土壤含水率仍为主要影响因素,行驶速度次之,整机质量影响相对较小;交互项影响程度同样表现为 ACABBC。根据各项平方和占总平方和的比例计算贡献率,土壤含水率主效应对侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率的贡献率分别为 20.54% 和 35.74%,表明土壤含水率是影响两类滑动率的主要因素。进一步考虑含水率二次项后,含水率相关项对侧向滑动率的总贡献率达到 32.28%,说明侧向滑动率对土壤含水率不仅存在显著主效应响应,还表现出明显的非线性变化特征。其原因在于,含水率改变了水田土壤颗粒间黏附、承压和抗剪特性,进而影响轮胎沉陷、轮-土接触面积和剪切阻力,最终导致插秧机侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率发生变化。
对试验指标进行多元回归拟合,剔除不显著项侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率的响应值回归方程分别如式(5) 和式(6)所示。
$ \begin{split} {S}_{y}=\;&23.71-5.51A+2.45C-2.05AC -5.74{A}^{2}-\\9.15{B}^{2}\;&-8.17{C}^{2}\\[-1pt]\end{split}$
$\begin{split} {S}_{x}=\;&18.34-2.87A+1.85B+0.938\;8C -1.15AC-\\\;&2.22{B}^{2}-3.53{C}^{2}\end{split}$
以土壤含水率和整机质量作为交互因子,插秧机侧向滑动率、纵向滑动率的响应曲面分别如图10a图10b 所示。
图10a 可知,在行驶速度为基准水平时,含水率 A 与整机质量 C 对侧向滑动率的影响存在明显耦合,当含水率变化时,整机质量对侧向滑动率的影响强度随之改变。该现象在等高线图中表现为等高线倾斜明显、局部呈椭圆化趋势,且响应面坡度随另一因素水平变化而变化,说明AC 存在显著交互作用。整机质量水平对应的响应面斜率变化较明显,表明整机质量对侧向滑动率的影响在该区域较敏感。同时由表5 可知,侧向滑动率的试验结果在 2.91~25.38 之间变化,中心点附近侧向滑动率取值较高,说明响应面具有明显的二次曲率特征。由图10b 可知,在行驶速度为基准水平时,含水率 A 和整机质量 C 对纵向滑动率具有显著的交互作用,在不同含水率水平下,质量效应存在差异,且响应面坡度随另一因素改变而发生变化。
产生上述现象的原因是,含水率升高改变了水田土壤颗粒间黏附力和抗剪强度,使车轮沉陷、轮土接触面积及剪切带形态发生变化;整机质量增大则提高接地压力,使轮胎压实和剪切扰动增强。因此,含水率与整机质量并非独立影响滑动率,而是在轮土接触面积、沉陷深度和剪切阻力共同变化的条件下表现出明显交互作用。
在研究区间内,以侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率均达到较小值为优化目标,设置侧向滑动率、纵向滑动率的权重相同,利用 Design-Expert 软件对回归方程模型进行多目标优化求解。
$ \begin{array}{c}\begin{cases} {f}_{1}=\min \left({S}_{y}\right)\\{f}_{2}=\min \left({S}_{x}\right)\\-1\le A\le 1\\-1\le B\le 1\\-1\le C\le 1 \end{cases} \end{array} $
式中 $ {f}_{1} $$ {f}_{2} $ 为各响应方程的最小值。
计算可知,优化结果为:土壤含水率为 32%,行驶速度为 0.54 m/s,整机质量为 854 kg。该优化参数下,仿真侧向滑动率为 1.36%,仿真纵向滑动率为 10.15%。该结果表明,在本文设定的因素水平范围内,上述参数组合下侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率综合表现较优。为验证滑动率优化结果,开展田间直线行驶试验,试验对象为新洋 2ZG-6D1(G4) 轮式水稻插秧机,试验过程如图11 所示。结果表明,田间侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率分别为 1.55% 和 11.48%,与仿真结果相对误差分别为12.25% 和 11.59%。两项误差均小于 15%,说明所建立的 DEM-MBD 耦合模型能够较准确地预测水田条件下轮式水稻插秧机的滑动率。
针对轮式水稻插秧机在水田土壤中的滑动问题,本文基于 EDEM-RecurDyn 建立了 DEM-MBD 耦合仿真模型。通过承压试验和剪切试验对水田土壤离散元参数进行标定与验证,并构建分层水田土壤颗粒床,实现插秧机行驶过程中的轮-土动态耦合仿真。主要得出以下结论:
1)土壤含水率对侧向和纵向滑动率影响最显著,贡献率分别为 20.54% 和 35.74%;含水率与整机质量的交互作用对侧向和纵向滑动率均具有明显影响。
2)在本文设定的因素范围内,当土壤含水率为 32%、行驶速度为 0.54 m/s、整机质量为 854 kg 时,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率综合表现较优。田间验证结果表明,侧向滑动率和纵向滑动率仿真值与实测值的相对误差分别为 12.25% 和 11.59%,均小于 15%,说明所建模型可用于水田轮式插秧机滑动率预测,并可为水田机械行走系统设计及作业参数优化提供参考。

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2026年第42卷第12期
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doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202601067
  • 接收时间:2026-01-09
  • 首发时间:2026-08-20
  • 出版时间:2026-06-30
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-09
  • 修回日期:2026-06-02
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    1山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博 255000
    2山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博 255000
    3山东理工大学机械工程学院,淄博 255000

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易维明,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为农业工程,生物质能源与材料。Email:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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