Article(id=1319293502421315716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, issueId=1319293461287780384, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.10.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731772800000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-17, revisedDate=1753372800000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792473682265, onlineDateStr=2026-10-20, pubDate=1761840000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792473682265, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792473682265, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792473682265, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319293461287780384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, year='2025', volume='53', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='118', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1761840000000', pubDateStr='2025-10-31', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792473672458, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792473672458, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=62, endPage=72, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319293502589087877, articleId=1319293502421315716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, language=EN, title=The effect of gas volume fraction on the two‑phase flow field and structural deformation in a progressive cavity pump, columnId=null, journalTitle=Fluid Machinery, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To investigate the flow characteristics and multi‑field coupling mechanisms inside the twin‑screw pump.Based on the Eulerian-Eulerian heterogeneous flow model and the immersed boundary method,a transient simulation of the flow field in a multiphase twin‑screw pump was conducted under varying gas volume fraction conditions.The variations in pump outlet flow rate,pressure,phase distribution,and rotor surface velocity were analyzed.The fluid pressure was applied to both the rotors and the liner to obtain the laws of radial,circumferential,axial deformation and stress-strain of the rotors and liner.Furthermore,the pressure at monitoring points was compared with experimental data,validating the accuracy of the results.The results indicate that the outlet flow rate initially increases and subsequently decreases with the rising gas volume fraction,reaching its maximum value at a gas volume fraction of 50%.The pressure exhibits a step‑like increase from the inlet to the outlet,remaining nearly constant within individual cavities.The gas volume fraction exhibits a positive correlation with the pressure‑boosting capacity of the last‑stage screw.The gas phase predominantly accumulates in the screw roots,near the outlet edges,and at the intermeshing zones of the screw rotors throughout the flow passage.The liquid phase exhibits relatively higher velocities at the outlet,the meshing region between the driving and driven screw rotors,and near the screw tips.The radial and circumferential deformations of the rotor reach their maximum at the outlet.Under a gas volume fraction of 95%,the maximum radial and circumferential deformations reach 3.501 7×10⁻⁶ m and 3.603 7×10⁻⁶ m,respectively.The radial deformation of the liner reaches its maximum at the outlet and exceeds the deformation values in all other directions.The structural strength of both the rotors and the liner meets the requirements under all gas volume fraction conditions.The gas volume fraction influences the pump's outlet flow rate,internal pressure distribution,gas‑phase distribution,liquid‑phase velocity,and structural deformations;however,it does not affect the structural strength of the rotors and the liner.This study can provide valuable insights for optimizing the geometric profile design of the rotors and clearance control of twin‑screw pumps,thereby effectively enhancing their transportation efficiency and operational stability under multiphase flow conditions.

, authors=Xuejing ZHANG1, Li WANG1, Guisheng ZHU1, Yuwang YAO1, Wei HAN2, authorsList=Xuejing ZHANG, Li WANG, Guisheng ZHU, Yuwang YAO, Wei HAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1319293512047243430, articleId=1319293502421315716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, language=CN, title=含气率对螺杆泵两相流流场及形变特性的影响, columnId=1317484287230853622, journalTitle=流体机械, columnName=设计计算, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究泵内流动特性与多场耦合机理,基于Eulerian-Eulerian非均相流模型和浸入实体法,在不同含气率工况下对混输双螺杆泵流场进行瞬态模拟,分析了泵出口流量、压力、相态分布及转子表面流速的变化规律;将流体压力施加到转子和衬套,得到转子与衬套的径向、周向、轴向变形及应力应变规律;并将监测点压力与试验结果进行对比,验证了结果的准确性。结果表明,出口流量随着含气率呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在含气率为50%时达到最大值;压力从入口到出口呈阶梯形变化,在同一腔室内几乎不变,含气率与最后一级螺杆的增压能力呈正相关;整个流道内的气相主要聚集在螺杆根部、出口边附近及螺杆转子啮合处;液相在出口、主从螺杆转子的啮合处及螺纹顶部速度相对较高;转子径向变形和周向变形在出口处达到最大值;含气率为95%时,转子的径向方向和周向方向的最大变形值分别达到3.501 7×10-6 m和3.603 7×10-6 m,衬套的径向方向变形在出口处达到最大值,且大于其他方向变形值。转子和衬套的结构强度在不同含气率工况下均满足要求;含气率对泵出口流量、泵腔压力分布、气相分布、液相流速及变形产生影响,但不影响转子与衬套的结构强度。研究结果可为优化双螺杆泵的型线设计、间隙控制提供参考,从而有效提升泵在多相流工况下的输送效率、运行稳定性。

, authors=张学静1, 王莉1, 朱桂盛1, 姚宇望1, 韩伟2, authorsList=张学静, 王莉, 朱桂盛, 姚宇望, 韩伟, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=作者向本刊所投稿件一经本刊录用,则该论文的复制权、发行权、信息网络传播权、翻译权、汇编权等权利视为自动转让给本刊。本刊为国内各主要数据库收录期刊,本刊所发表的稿件将同时通过互联网进行网络出版或提供信息服务。, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=MP0ySEA6f76/zeo7+QRtmQ==, magXml=q5g//6Cd60ApseHzWAPJtQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=XSoX/AnAmdNNLP/y35fXKA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=FJ7Q1/T63+6D2eWVU2GqTg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1319293514584797359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=124467271@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1319293514907758769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, authorId=1319293514584797359, language=EN, stringName=Xuejing ZHANG, firstName=Xuejing, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Architecture and Transportation Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1319293515004227762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, authorId=1319293514584797359, language=CN, stringName=张学静, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1桂林电子科技大学 建筑与交通工程学院,广西 桂林 541004, bio={"content":"

张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

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张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

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Performance parameters of 38CrMoAl and 06Cr19Ni10

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参数名称38CrMoAl06Cr19Ni10
抗拉强度σb/MPa980520
屈服强度σs/MPa835205
最大许用应力σ/MPa557117
密度ρ/(kg·m-3)7 8007 930
弹性模量E/GPa210193
泊松比μ0.30.247
), ArticleFig(id=1319293530112110838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

38CrMoAl和06Cr19Ni10的性能参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数名称38CrMoAl06Cr19Ni10
抗拉强度σb/MPa980520
屈服强度σs/MPa835205
最大许用应力σ/MPa557117
密度ρ/(kg·m-3)7 8007 930
弹性模量E/GPa210193
泊松比μ0.30.247
), ArticleFig(id=1319293530191802615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of maximum equivalent stress and strain at different gas volume fraction

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GVF/%转子最大等效应力/MPa转子最大等效应变/(×10-5)衬套最大等效应力/MPa衬套最大等效应变/(×10-5)
107.590 73.824 84.683 72.734 4
307.737 33.901 75.333 23.111 6
507.807 93.938 86.898 14.016 2
708.023 34.052 98.339 94.651 6
908.239 04.165 69.784 95.155 4
958.364 44.231 111.131 75.863 9
), ArticleFig(id=1319293530292465912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293502421315716, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同含气率时转子最大等效应力和应变对比

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GVF/%转子最大等效应力/MPa转子最大等效应变/(×10-5)衬套最大等效应力/MPa衬套最大等效应变/(×10-5)
107.590 73.824 84.683 72.734 4
307.737 33.901 75.333 23.111 6
507.807 93.938 86.898 14.016 2
708.023 34.052 98.339 94.651 6
908.239 04.165 69.784 95.155 4
958.364 44.231 111.131 75.863 9
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含气率对螺杆泵两相流流场及形变特性的影响
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张学静 1 , 王莉 1 , 朱桂盛 1 , 姚宇望 1 , 韩伟 2
流体机械 | 设计计算 2025,53(10): 62-72
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流体机械 |设计计算 2025 , 53 (10) : 62 -72
含气率对螺杆泵两相流流场及形变特性的影响
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张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

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张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

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张学静1 , 王莉1, 朱桂盛1, 姚宇望1, 韩伟2
作者信息
  • 1桂林电子科技大学 建筑与交通工程学院,广西 桂林 541004
  • 2兰州理工大学 能源与动力工程学院,兰州 730050
作者简介:

张学静(1978),女,博士,副教授,主要从事流体机械内部流动及性能预测研究,通信地址:541004广西壮族自治区桂林市金鸡路2号桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,E-mail:。

The effect of gas volume fraction on the two‑phase flow field and structural deformation in a progressive cavity pump
Xuejing ZHANG1 , Li WANG1, Guisheng ZHU1, Yuwang YAO1, Wei HAN2
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Architecture and Transportation Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China
  • 2Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
出版时间: 2025-10-31 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.10.008
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为研究泵内流动特性与多场耦合机理,基于Eulerian-Eulerian非均相流模型和浸入实体法,在不同含气率工况下对混输双螺杆泵流场进行瞬态模拟,分析了泵出口流量、压力、相态分布及转子表面流速的变化规律;将流体压力施加到转子和衬套,得到转子与衬套的径向、周向、轴向变形及应力应变规律;并将监测点压力与试验结果进行对比,验证了结果的准确性。结果表明,出口流量随着含气率呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在含气率为50%时达到最大值;压力从入口到出口呈阶梯形变化,在同一腔室内几乎不变,含气率与最后一级螺杆的增压能力呈正相关;整个流道内的气相主要聚集在螺杆根部、出口边附近及螺杆转子啮合处;液相在出口、主从螺杆转子的啮合处及螺纹顶部速度相对较高;转子径向变形和周向变形在出口处达到最大值;含气率为95%时,转子的径向方向和周向方向的最大变形值分别达到3.501 7×10-6 m和3.603 7×10-6 m,衬套的径向方向变形在出口处达到最大值,且大于其他方向变形值。转子和衬套的结构强度在不同含气率工况下均满足要求;含气率对泵出口流量、泵腔压力分布、气相分布、液相流速及变形产生影响,但不影响转子与衬套的结构强度。研究结果可为优化双螺杆泵的型线设计、间隙控制提供参考,从而有效提升泵在多相流工况下的输送效率、运行稳定性。

混输双螺杆泵  /  瞬态模拟  /  Eulerian-Eulerian非均相流  /  气液两相流  /  流固耦合

To investigate the flow characteristics and multi‑field coupling mechanisms inside the twin‑screw pump.Based on the Eulerian-Eulerian heterogeneous flow model and the immersed boundary method,a transient simulation of the flow field in a multiphase twin‑screw pump was conducted under varying gas volume fraction conditions.The variations in pump outlet flow rate,pressure,phase distribution,and rotor surface velocity were analyzed.The fluid pressure was applied to both the rotors and the liner to obtain the laws of radial,circumferential,axial deformation and stress-strain of the rotors and liner.Furthermore,the pressure at monitoring points was compared with experimental data,validating the accuracy of the results.The results indicate that the outlet flow rate initially increases and subsequently decreases with the rising gas volume fraction,reaching its maximum value at a gas volume fraction of 50%.The pressure exhibits a step‑like increase from the inlet to the outlet,remaining nearly constant within individual cavities.The gas volume fraction exhibits a positive correlation with the pressure‑boosting capacity of the last‑stage screw.The gas phase predominantly accumulates in the screw roots,near the outlet edges,and at the intermeshing zones of the screw rotors throughout the flow passage.The liquid phase exhibits relatively higher velocities at the outlet,the meshing region between the driving and driven screw rotors,and near the screw tips.The radial and circumferential deformations of the rotor reach their maximum at the outlet.Under a gas volume fraction of 95%,the maximum radial and circumferential deformations reach 3.501 7×10⁻⁶ m and 3.603 7×10⁻⁶ m,respectively.The radial deformation of the liner reaches its maximum at the outlet and exceeds the deformation values in all other directions.The structural strength of both the rotors and the liner meets the requirements under all gas volume fraction conditions.The gas volume fraction influences the pump's outlet flow rate,internal pressure distribution,gas‑phase distribution,liquid‑phase velocity,and structural deformations;however,it does not affect the structural strength of the rotors and the liner.This study can provide valuable insights for optimizing the geometric profile design of the rotors and clearance control of twin‑screw pumps,thereby effectively enhancing their transportation efficiency and operational stability under multiphase flow conditions.

mixing transport twin‑screw pump  /  unsteady simulation  /  Eulerian-Eulerian heterogeneous flow model  /  gas-liquid two‑phase flow  /  fluid-structure interaction
张学静, 王莉, 朱桂盛, 姚宇望, 韩伟. 含气率对螺杆泵两相流流场及形变特性的影响. 流体机械, 2025 , 53 (10) : 62 -72 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.10.008
Xuejing ZHANG, Li WANG, Guisheng ZHU, Yuwang YAO, Wei HAN. The effect of gas volume fraction on the two‑phase flow field and structural deformation in a progressive cavity pump[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2025 , 53 (10) : 62 -72 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.10.008
多相混输系统可以直接混输从油井开采出来未经处理的多相混合物,相比于传统的分输系统,可以简化处理工艺、降低投资费用及提高油井产量[1]。混输双螺杆泵作为多相混输系统的核心设备,集压缩机和液体泵的性能于一身,其结构紧凑、耐用性好,适用于中小流量和低、中、高各种扬程,可输送任意含气率大小的流体,且对多相介质有良好的增压效果[2]。在油气输送过程中,混输双螺杆泵主要用于传输原油及伴生气体,导致泵内流体的流动状态具有复杂、非定常、不可压缩和高黏性等特性[3];同时,输送过程中,流体压力使螺杆转子和衬套产生弹性变形,影响混输双螺杆泵的工作效率和安全可靠性。因此,关于不同含气率时混输双螺杆泵的性能研究受到了很多学者的关注。VETTER等[4]提出了一个用于预测双螺杆多相泵性能的一维理论模型;RÄBIGER等[5]建立新的螺杆理论模型,探究多相螺杆泵在高含气率时的泵送行为;SHIVE[6]建立双螺杆多相泵的性能预测模型,并表明多相泵在高速、高IGVF和低吸入压力下表现更好;LIU等[7]研究工作流体、压差和泵转速对多级电潜式双螺杆泵性能的影响,并对现有的单级双螺杆泵泄漏流量预测模型进行了改进;HU等[8]建立了一个理论模型,用于评估双螺杆泵间隙中的回流速率、泵总容积流量,以及不同压差和含气率下的功耗。此外,一些学者在混输双螺杆泵的数值分析和试验研究方面做了大量工作,杨小强等[9]对不同含气率下双螺杆多相混输泵的输送特性进行了试验测试;PALADINO等[10]对双螺杆泵在单相和串联两相流条件下的性能进行了系统的试验研究;唐倩等[3]和王春林等[11]首次在清水条件下模拟了螺杆泵内部的三维湍流流场,得到了主要性能特征和一些局部内部流动特征;初同龙等[12]对所设计的螺杆泵进行CFD数值计算,分析了流体黏度、转子转速和螺杆泵偏心距对流场的影响;YAN等[13]研究了工作腔内介质速度大小及升压过程,并分析了工作介质黏度对泵运行特性的影响;张学静[14]模拟了高含气率下混输螺杆泵的流动特性,并结合构件变形给出建议的安装间隙,以提高泵的容积效率。WANG等[15]对比了等距与变距螺杆泵冷却水套的冷却效果,发现变距螺杆泵出口温度的最大偏差不超过4 K,平均偏差约为6%;ZHANG等[16]提出了一个多梯度变螺距减压螺杆泵的设计方法;李大奇等[17]推导了对螺杆泵定子密封和泄漏影响较大方向变形量的计算公式;祖海英等[18]探究偏心距、定子导程、间隙等结构参数对流场流速及泄漏量的影响规律。
从上述研究可以看出,目前,已利用多种方法和模型对双螺杆泵性能进行探究,但关于不同含气率工况下泵腔内水力学特性的瞬态影响研究分析不足。随着油田开采的深入,高气体体积分数油井越来越多[19],本文基于Eulerian-Eulerian非均相流模型和浸入实体法对混输双螺杆泵进行气液两相流瞬态模拟,分析不同含气率工况下的出口流量、压力分布、气相分布及流速规律,并将流体压力作为载荷施加到转子和衬套,分析转子和衬套变形及应力应变规律,并将监测点压力与试验数据进行对比分析,验证数值模拟的准确性,为混输双螺杆泵性能优化提供理论依据。
以混输双螺杆泵为研究对象,利用CFX软件对计算域进行瞬态模拟。CFX的非均相流模型将液相视为连续相,气相视为离散相,每相都有各自的速度场和温度场,通过相间作用力和热量传递,使两相速度和温度得到平衡[20],更符合两相流实际情况,因此,采用非均相流模型作为两相流模型进行数值模拟。
假设气液两相流型为泡状流,且满足质量和动量守恒,则连续性方程和动量方程[21]分别如下所示:
∂∂tαiρi+∇⋅αiρivi=0
∂∂tαiρivi+∇⋅αiρivi⊗vi=-αi∇Pi+∇⋅αiμi∇vi+(∇vi)T+αiρifi+Mi
式中,下标i为任意相(w表示液体,a表示气体);αi为i相的体积分数;ρi为i相的密度,kg/m3;vi为通过双螺杆泵流道内i相的流体速度,m/s;Pi为i相的压力,Pa;μi为i相动力黏度;fi为质量力,N;Mi为表面张力,N。
混输双螺杆泵进口含气率定义和气液两相之间的关系如下:
αa=QaQа+Qw
αа+αw=1
式中,Qa为空气的体积流量,m3/s;Qw为水的体积流量,m3/s;αа为气相体积分数;αw为液相体积分数。
数值计算是在气液两相流条件下进行,湍流强度大,故采用剪切应力输运湍流模型(SST)作为计算液相的湍流模型,并对方程中的湍流项进行了修正,考虑了湍流剪切应力的传输[22-24]。则计算公式如下:
∂ρk∂t+∂ρvik∂xi=∂∂xjv+viσk∂k∂xj+Gk-βρk
∂ρω∂t+∂ρvjω∂xj=∂∂xjμ+μiσω∂ω∂xj+Gω-βρω2+Dω
SST k-ε在方程中补充了新的耗散项,解决内部流场出现的局部过度湍流现象,表达式如下:
2ρ(1-F1)ωσω2=∂k∂x∂ω∂x+∂k∂y∂ω∂y+∂k∂z∂ω∂z
式中,F1为与壁面的距离,m。
浸入实体法不需要任何网格变形或重构,采用施加动量源项的方法来模拟固体在流体中的任意运动,非常适合应用于动边界问题的模拟,尤其适合于双螺杆泵网格间隙极小的动网格问题研究[25-26]。对于CFX浸入实体法需遵循以下方程:
Si=-αβC(ui-uiF)
式中,Si为动力源项,N/m3;α为动量源缩放系数,源项的大小由动量源缩放系数进行控制;β为强制函数;C为动力源系数;uiF为迫使速度,m/s;。
螺杆转子和衬套可视为连续分布的弹性体结构,其守恒方程满足牛顿第二定律:
ρsds=∇⋅σs+fs
式中,下标s表示固体域;ρs为转子和衬套的密度,kg/m3;ds为转子和衬套在弹性力作用下的位移,m;σs为转子和衬套的柯西应力张量,Pa;fs为转子和衬套的质量力矢量。
在转子及衬套和流体域交界面遵循最基本的守恒原则,即满足应力(τ)、位移(d)等变量的相等或守恒,故满足以下方程:
τf⋅nf=τs⋅nsdf=ds
式中,下标f表示流体域;n为法向单位。
所模拟的双螺杆泵模型端面型线为双摆线型,其他主要几何参数与文献[27]相同,如转子螺纹内外直径分别为64 mm和118 mm,螺距为66 mm,转子长度为462 mm。另外,模拟计算双螺杆泵模型转子与泵衬套之间的间隙取0.3 mm,螺杆相互啮合的侧面间隙取0.5 mm,螺杆齿顶和齿根间隙取0.25 mm。为了使混合介质得到充分发展以增加计算的准确性,对进出口区域进行了适当的延长,计算域的三维模型如图1所示。
使用CFX的浸入实体法进行计算,需对流体域与实体域分别进行网格划分,流体区域采用六面体网格划分,固体区域采用四面体网格划分,并对浸入实体表面的网格进行局部加密处理,转子与流体区域的网格划分如图2所示。对比同种工况下多组网格数量与出口体积流量的关系,其结果如图3所示。可以看出,当网格数接近900万时,出口体积流量几乎不会随网格数量增加而变化。因此,经网格无关性验证,计算域的最终总网格数量为8 974 569。
完成双螺杆泵内部流场模拟之后,需将获得的流场压力作为外部载荷施加到转子与衬套上。考虑转子表面复杂的螺旋曲面,自动划分四面体网格,再对螺杆转子表面进行局部网格加密,网格数量为181万,节点数量是308万。衬套结构对称,采用六面体网格,网格数量为65万,网格平均偏斜度为0.405 71,螺杆转子与衬套网格模型如图4所示。
数值模拟工作介质采用水和空气,液相为连续相,气相为离散相。采用文献[27]的转速及进出口压力大小,即转子转速为1 789 r/min,进口压力为-0.015 725 MPa,出口压力为0.31 MPa;设定气相气泡直径为0.2 mm。瞬态数值计算以稳态计算结果作为初始条件,将转子每转2°作为一个时间步长,即时间步长Ti=60/(1 789×180)=0.000 186 324 s。通过设定不同进口气体体积分数(GVF)分别为10%,30%,50%,70%,90%和95%,以获取多种含气率条件下双螺杆泵内部流场的模拟数据。在此基础上,将流场压力载荷施加于螺杆转子(材料为38CrMoAl)与衬套(材料为06Cr19Ni10)表面,相关材料性能参数见表1,系统地研究不同含气率工况对转子及衬套的变形、应力与应变分布规律的影响。
图5示出螺杆转子旋转10周后,出口流量大小随含气率变化情况。可以看出,出口流量随着含气率呈现先增加后减少的趋势。这主要是因为当含气率低于临界值时,气体通过间隙从高压侧回流到低压侧,从而有效地降低了相邻腔室的压力梯度差异,有助于减少螺杆泵的泄漏,而当含气率超过临界值后,泄漏量显著增加,进而导致出口流量明显减少。
图6示出不同含气率工况下流体域内压力变化情况。由于双螺杆泵压力分布在出口左右两侧呈现对称性,因此,将入口设定在x轴的原点位置,出口中心则位于1.0的位置。
从图中可以看出,流体域内部压力的变化情况,在每个腔室内部的压力分布相对均匀,由于转子对流体做功,从而使得压力从入口逐级增大。液体通过间隙从出口端回流到入口端,导致间隙内压力梯度明显。在入口段,压力随含气率值增加而有所提高,但是压力变化幅度小于含气率增长的幅度。流体由前一个腔室到达下一个腔室时,其所承受的压力呈均匀的线性分布特征,双螺杆泵最后一级螺杆至出口位置的压力变化幅度最大,最后一级螺杆的增压能力与含气率呈正相关。
图7示出含气率为95%时,双螺杆泵计算域整体的压力分布和螺杆转子旋转1/4T,2/4T,3/4T,T时,横截面1(y=-0.08 m)处的压力分布云图。从图7(a)中可以看出,含气率为95%时,计算区域的压力从入口到出口主要分为3个区域,最后一个区域压差尤为显著,在出口附近压力达到最大值。从图7(b)中可以看出,同一时刻,截面1内各个位置所承受的压力不相同,特别在阴、阳螺杆转子啮合区两侧的压差较为明显,并伴随着剧烈的挤压作用,易形成泄漏。
图8示出不同含气率工况下计算域和截面1(y=-0.08 m)的气相体积分数分布。从截面1明显看出,靠近螺杆根部的气相体积分数要显著高于近衬套壁面。这主要是由于液相受惯性力作用的影响而逐渐远离齿根,因此,近衬套内壁面气体体积分数相对较低。从不同含气率工况下计算域气相体积分数分布可以看出,气相主要分布在螺杆转子齿根及靠近出口的间隙啮合部位。鉴于气体的黏性相对较低,在啮合间隙处的流速显著提高,并且泄漏流量相应增大,进而使得该区域内的含气率上升。此外,螺纹顶部存在部分含气率较高的部分,主要在于液体在高速旋转时会夹带部分气体,而液体自身密度相对气体密度较大,在离心力作用下,被夹带的气体跟随液体被驱离至距离转子齿根较远的位置。
图9示出不同含气率工况下螺杆转子表面介质水的绝对速度矢量。从图可以看出,随着入口含气率的增加,相同部位的水流绝对速度在不断增加。在整个流场中的绝对速度分布相对比较平稳,但在出口、主从螺杆转子的啮合处及螺纹顶部,其绝对速度相对于其他部位则显得较高。主从螺杆转子的啮合处压力较低,使得流动速度呈现增加的趋势;而螺纹顶部速度比较大的原因是介质水在被挤压到螺杆顶部时,由于螺纹顶部与衬套之间的间隙过于狭窄,从而使得过流区域的面积大幅缩减,进而引发了水流绝对速度的提高。
从图9(a)螺纹顶部的局部放大图可以清晰看出,周向间隙处会存在一部分介质在压缩作用下通过间隙从高压侧回流至低压侧。即使间隙很小,但仍然无法消除周向间隙内部所产生的回流现象,而这种回流无疑会对螺杆泵的容积效率产生负面影响。
图10示出含气率为95%时,转子与衬套在径向和周向的变形云图。
从图10(a)(b)可以看出,转子径向和周向变形值从入口到出口呈现逐渐增大的趋势,位于出口附近的最大变形值分别为3.501 7×10-6 m和3.603 7×10-6 m,这主要是因为转子从入口至出口所受到的压力载荷是逐渐增大的,导致压力引起的弹性变形逐渐增加。从图10(c)(d)可以看出,衬套的径向方向变形在出口处达到最大,且径向方向的最大变形值大于另外两个方向的最大变形值;衬套周向变形在左右两侧达到最大,且变形方向相反。与螺杆转子的变形相对比,衬套的径向方向变形值最大。图11示出不同含气率工况下转子靠近出口处径向和周向变形最大值。从图中可以清晰看出,不同含气率工况下,转子靠近出口处径向和周向变形最大值变化趋势一致;并且最大变形值均随着含气率增加而增加,当含气率大于70%时,变形程度更加明显。
不同含气率下,混输双螺杆泵出口处径向间隙与周向间隙的变化率曲线如图12所示。由变形后间隙与初始间隙的差值取绝对值,再除以初始间隙值即可得到间隙变化率结果,双螺杆泵周向间隙与径向间隙的初始值分别为0.3 mm和0.25 mm。从图中可以看出,出口处周向间隙变化率大于径向间隙变化率,随着含气率的逐步提升,周向间隙变化率随之增加,主要是因为周向变形是转子齿顶变形和衬套共同产生的变形所决定,且衬套径向方向变形最大。径向间隙变化率随着含气率的增大而增大,但这种增长趋势并未展现出显著的增幅。当含气率为95%时,周向间隙变化率为4.77%,即周向间隙变形前后的差值为0.014 mm;径向间隙变化率为2.72%,即径向间隙变形前后的差值为0.006 8 mm。
表2列出不同含气率时,转子及衬套产生的最大等效应力和最大等效应变,随着含气率增加,螺杆转子表面的应力应变也在增加。当GVF=95%时,转子与衬套的等效应力和等效弹性应变达到最大值,转子与衬套的最大等效应力均小于材料的许用应力,故不同含气率工况下转子与衬套结构都可以满足强度要求。
文献[27]中的压力探针布置如图13(a)所示。为了将本文的模拟结果与文献[27]的试验结果作对比,只改变含气率为27%,其他边界条件不变;并在与文献水平中间压力探头(HM)相同位置处设置监测点,如图13(b)所示,模拟螺杆转子旋转四圈,将监测点处压力数据与文献中水平中间压力探头(HM)测得结果进行对比,如图14所示。可以看出,数值计算与试验测试的压力变化趋势一致,且均为周期性波动。在旋转周期内,模拟压力变化值与试验压力值比较接近,整体平均偏差不超过10%,符合认可的误差范围。
(1)出口流量随着含气率呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在含气率为50%时达到最大值。压力从入口至出口呈阶梯形变化,但同一个腔室内几乎不变。流体由前一个腔室通过间隙到达下一个腔室,其间隙压力呈均匀的线性分布。含气率越高,最后一级腔室至出口压差越大,螺杆转子增压能力越强。阴阳螺杆转子啮合区两侧的压差较为明显,易产生泄漏。
(2)整个流道内的气相主要聚集在螺杆根部、出口边附近及螺杆转子啮合处,少量气体由于液体高速旋转而被夹带至衬套内壁面处。随入口气体体积分数的增大,泵腔内高气相体积分数区域面积增加。
(3)整个流场的绝对速度相对比较平稳,但在出口、主从螺杆转子的啮合处及螺纹顶部,绝对速度相对较大,且在周向间隙处存在明显回流。随着含气率地增加,水流速度在不断增加。
(4)转子径向变形和周向变形在出口处达到最大。衬套的径向变形在出口处达到最大,且其最大变形值大于其他方向。不同含气率工况下转子靠近出口处径向和周向变形最大值变化趋势一致,当含气率为95%时,转子的径向和周向变形的最大变形值分别达到3.501 7×10-6 m和3.603 7×10-6 m。出口处周向间隙变化率随含气率增大而增加,当含气率为95%时,周向间隙变化率为4.77%。
(5)本研究仍然存在一些不足,在气液两相流模拟中,将气相的直径设为一个固定值,未来将对多相流模型进行进一步的改进。也未充分考虑温度和固体介质的影响,在后续的研究中将运用热流固多场耦合计算技术,以期对螺杆泵两相流的内部流场做出全面且深入的解析。

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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.10.008
  • 接收时间:2024-11-17
  • 首发时间:2026-10-20
  • 出版时间:2025-10-31
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-17
  • 修回日期:2025-07-25
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    1桂林电子科技大学 建筑与交通工程学院,广西 桂林 541004
    2兰州理工大学 能源与动力工程学院,兰州 730050
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
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