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Article(id=1319293220903829620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, issueId=1319293220169826420, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.06.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720713600000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-12, revisedDate=1734019200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792473615146, onlineDateStr=2026-10-20, pubDate=1751212800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792473615146, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792473615146, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792473615146, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319293220169826420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, year='2025', volume='53', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='118', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1751212800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792473614971, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792473614971, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=16, endPage=20, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319293222627688565, articleId=1319293220903829620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, language=EN, title=Experimental study on influence of quantity of oil injection quantity on heat transfer performance of screw air compressor, columnId=null, journalTitle=Fluid Machinery, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to quantitatively explore the influence of cyclic oil injection quantity on the heat transfer performance of screw air compressors，experiments were conducted to study the effects of changing oil injection quantity and suction temperature on exhaust temperature，overall temperature difference，inlet and outlet oil temperature of oil coolers，logarithmic mean temperature difference and convective heat transfer coefficient under different operating conditions.At the same time，the curve of convective heat transfer coefficient and oil injection quantity was fitted using experimental data.The results show that the oil injection quantity and input power should be accurately matched under the rated exhaust pressure at full load.When the oil injection quantity decreases from 262 L/min to 134 L/min，the convective heat transfer coefficient of the oil cooler to decreases by 12.4%，the temperature difference of the lubricating oil will increase from 16.0 ℃ to 29.8 ℃，resulting in an 8.3% decrease in the logarithmic mean temperature difference of convective heat transfer under the original calculation conditions，increasing exhaust temperature.The research can provide theoretical guidance for solving the problem of high exhaust temperature in screw air compressor.

, authors=Yanhui ZHOU1, Fusong LI2, Yourong LAI1, Haixin LI1, Weiqiang WU1, authorsList=Yanhui ZHOU, Fusong LI, Yourong LAI, Haixin LI, Weiqiang WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fusong LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1319293227996397698, articleId=1319293220903829620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, language=CN, title=喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能影响的试验研究, columnId=1317484286475883136, journalTitle=流体机械, columnName=试验研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了定量探究循环喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能的影响，通过试验研究不同喷油量和吸气温度对排气温度、整机温差、油冷却器的进/出油温度、对流换热的对数平均温差及对流传热系数的影响；同时，利用试验数据拟合对流传热系数与喷油量的曲线。结果表明，在满载时额定排气压力下喷油量与输入功率应该精确配合，当喷油量从262 L/min下降至134 L/min时，油冷却器的对流传热系数下降12.4%，润滑油温差从16.0 ℃增加至29.8 ℃，导致原始计算条件下对流换热的对数平均温差下降8.3%，使排气温度升高。研究可为解决螺杆空压机排气温度过高的问题提供理论指导。

, authors=周艳辉1, 李福送2, 赖友荣1, 黎海鑫1, 伍伟强1, authorsList=周艳辉, 李福送, 赖友荣, 黎海鑫, 伍伟强, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李福送, authorNote=

周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

, correspAuthorsNote=
李福送（1981），男，副教授/高级工程师，主要研究方向为螺杆空压机三维CAD数字化，通信地址：545616广西壮族自治区柳州市鱼峰区新柳大道99号柳州工学院，E-mail：。
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周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

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周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

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companyId=1319293228185141379, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangdong Eco-air Equipment Technology Co.，Ltd.，Foshan 528175，China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1319293228201918597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, companyId=1319293228185141379, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东艾高装备科技有限公司，广东 佛山 528175)]), AuthorCompany(id=1319293228273221766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1319293228281610375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, companyId=1319293228273221766, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Liuzhou Institute of Technology，Liuzhou 545616，China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1319293228285804680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, companyId=1319293228273221766, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2柳州工学院，广西 柳州 545616)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1319293231574139052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Screw air compressor cooling performance test system, figureFileSmall=Ll/0UzByZSaNbjhAgeeG1A==, figureFileBig=215tmDtj1SAZ6Fg1QNqO6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293231637053613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=图1, caption=螺杆空压机冷却性能测试系统, figureFileSmall=Ll/0UzByZSaNbjhAgeeG1A==, figureFileBig=215tmDtj1SAZ6Fg1QNqO6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293231804825774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Variation of overall temperature with oil injection quantity, figureFileSmall=4E7RTLBGQp1oZShwVEwz4w==, figureFileBig=rMBG/AQIbLk8wtZ98PkDrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293231867740335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=图2, caption=整机温差随喷油量的变化, figureFileSmall=4E7RTLBGQp1oZShwVEwz4w==, figureFileBig=rMBG/AQIbLk8wtZ98PkDrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293231943237809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Variation of convective heat transfer coefficient with oil injection quantity, figureFileSmall=tf3Q+FXm9v9lXI1Q/xvxWA==, figureFileBig=rnWVbTo7mS2cY6l9QnDpIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232006152370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=图3, caption=对流传热系数随喷油量的变化, figureFileSmall=tf3Q+FXm9v9lXI1Q/xvxWA==, figureFileBig=rnWVbTo7mS2cY6l9QnDpIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232073261235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Variation of logarithmic mean temperature difference with oil injection quantity, figureFileSmall=vgt0v09m3smxM0H5z9h7dw==, figureFileBig=cPT+sMc2pqmzE78sJg2+Jg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232148758708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=图4, caption=对数平均温差随喷油量的变化, figureFileSmall=vgt0v09m3smxM0H5z9h7dw==, figureFileBig=cPT+sMc2pqmzE78sJg2+Jg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232224256181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Variation of temperature difference with the suction temperature, figureFileSmall=6t9+I2379sKwMFYpYeH1/A==, figureFileBig=zeJt05vlKqr8WEHRDUH97Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232291365046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各温度随吸气温度的变化, figureFileSmall=6t9+I2379sKwMFYpYeH1/A==, figureFileBig=zeJt05vlKqr8WEHRDUH97Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319293232366862519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Cooling performance at different fuel injection quantities

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
喷油量/(L·min-1）大气
压力/MPa		环境
温度/℃		相对
湿度/%		油冷进油温度/℃油冷出油温度/℃整机进气温度/℃机头吸气温度/℃机头排气温度/℃喷油
温度/℃		整机
温差/℃
1340.100 637.56896.266.437.542.59968.461.5
1720.100 536.06092.568.937.042.09469.857.0
2370.100 532.05984.266.833.538.58668.152.5
2620.100 526.05996.380.347.952.99882.450.1
), ArticleFig(id=1319293232454942904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同喷油量时的冷却性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
喷油量/(L·min-1）大气
压力/MPa		环境
温度/℃		相对
湿度/%		油冷进油温度/℃油冷出油温度/℃整机进气温度/℃机头吸气温度/℃机头排气温度/℃喷油
温度/℃		整机
温差/℃
1340.100 637.56896.266.437.542.59968.461.5
1720.100 536.06092.568.937.042.09469.857.0
2370.100 532.05984.266.833.538.58668.152.5
2620.100 526.05996.380.347.952.99882.450.1
), ArticleFig(id=1319293232534634681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Cooling performance at different suction temperature

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
吸气
温度/℃		大气
压力/MPa		环境
温度/℃		相对
湿度/%		喷油量/(L·min-1)油冷进油温度/℃油冷出油温度/℃喷油
温度/℃		机头吸气温度/℃机头排气温度/℃整机
温差/℃
34.30.100 631.068134.093.765.765.739.39661.7
39.50.100 538.860133.5100.269.069.044.510262.5
41.50.100 542.045134.0105.074.074.046.510563.5
46.60.100 239.030134.0109.078.078.051.610962.4
), ArticleFig(id=1319293232622715066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781260334530699, articleId=1319293220903829620, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同吸气温度时的冷却性能

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吸气
温度/℃		大气
压力/MPa		环境
温度/℃		相对
湿度/%		喷油量/(L·min-1)油冷进油温度/℃油冷出油温度/℃喷油
温度/℃		机头吸气温度/℃机头排气温度/℃整机
温差/℃
34.30.100 631.068134.093.765.765.739.39661.7
39.50.100 538.860133.5100.269.069.044.510262.5
41.50.100 542.045134.0105.074.074.046.510563.5
46.60.100 239.030134.0109.078.078.051.610962.4
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喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能影响的试验研究
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周艳辉 1 , 李福送 2 , 赖友荣 1 , 黎海鑫 1 , 伍伟强 1
流体机械 | 试验研究 2025,53(6): 16-20
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流体机械 |试验研究 2025 , 53 (6) : 16 -20
喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能影响的试验研究
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周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

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周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

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周艳辉1 , 李福送2 , 赖友荣1, 黎海鑫1, 伍伟强1
作者信息
  • 1广东艾高装备科技有限公司，广东 佛山 528175
  • 2柳州工学院，广西 柳州 545616
通讯作者:
李福送（1981），男，副教授/高级工程师，主要研究方向为螺杆空压机三维CAD数字化，通信地址：545616广西壮族自治区柳州市鱼峰区新柳大道99号柳州工学院，E-mail：。
作者简介:

周艳辉（1984），男，高级工程师，主要从事螺杆空气压缩机及制冷压缩机的设计研究、技术管理及应用工作，E-mail：。

Experimental study on influence of quantity of oil injection quantity on heat transfer performance of screw air compressor
Yanhui ZHOU1 , Fusong LI2 , Yourong LAI1, Haixin LI1, Weiqiang WU1
Affiliations
  • 1Guangdong Eco-air Equipment Technology Co.，Ltd.，Foshan 528175，China
  • 2Liuzhou Institute of Technology，Liuzhou 545616，China
出版时间: 2025-06-30 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.06.003
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摘要
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为了定量探究循环喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能的影响，通过试验研究不同喷油量和吸气温度对排气温度、整机温差、油冷却器的进/出油温度、对流换热的对数平均温差及对流传热系数的影响；同时，利用试验数据拟合对流传热系数与喷油量的曲线。结果表明，在满载时额定排气压力下喷油量与输入功率应该精确配合，当喷油量从262 L/min下降至134 L/min时，油冷却器的对流传热系数下降12.4%，润滑油温差从16.0 ℃增加至29.8 ℃，导致原始计算条件下对流换热的对数平均温差下降8.3%，使排气温度升高。研究可为解决螺杆空压机排气温度过高的问题提供理论指导。

螺杆空压机  /  吸气温度  /  排气温度  /  对流换热  /  喷油量

In order to quantitatively explore the influence of cyclic oil injection quantity on the heat transfer performance of screw air compressors，experiments were conducted to study the effects of changing oil injection quantity and suction temperature on exhaust temperature，overall temperature difference，inlet and outlet oil temperature of oil coolers，logarithmic mean temperature difference and convective heat transfer coefficient under different operating conditions.At the same time，the curve of convective heat transfer coefficient and oil injection quantity was fitted using experimental data.The results show that the oil injection quantity and input power should be accurately matched under the rated exhaust pressure at full load.When the oil injection quantity decreases from 262 L/min to 134 L/min，the convective heat transfer coefficient of the oil cooler to decreases by 12.4%，the temperature difference of the lubricating oil will increase from 16.0 ℃ to 29.8 ℃，resulting in an 8.3% decrease in the logarithmic mean temperature difference of convective heat transfer under the original calculation conditions，increasing exhaust temperature.The research can provide theoretical guidance for solving the problem of high exhaust temperature in screw air compressor.

screw air compressor  /  suction temperature  /  discharge temperature  /  heat transfer  /  oil njection quantity
周艳辉, 李福送, 赖友荣, 黎海鑫, 伍伟强. 喷油量对螺杆空压机换热性能影响的试验研究. 流体机械, 2025 , 53 (6) : 16 -20 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.06.003
Yanhui ZHOU, Fusong LI, Yourong LAI, Haixin LI, Weiqiang WU. Experimental study on influence of quantity of oil injection quantity on heat transfer performance of screw air compressor[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2025 , 53 (6) : 16 -20 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.06.003
正文
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0　引言
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螺杆空压机是一种容积式压缩机，具有可靠性高、操作维护方便等优点，广泛应用于制冷家电、石油化工等领域［1］。螺杆空压机在运行时会产生大量的热量，通过向压缩机腔体内喷入适量的润滑油，吸收压缩过程中产生的热量，并通过换热器将热量转移至空压机箱体外部，以保证螺杆空压机的正常运转［2-4］。排气温度过高可能导致润滑油结焦变质，超过机组预设的报警温度时，机器会自动报警停机［5-11］。排气温度过高仅仅是最终的结果，而能够引起螺杆空压机排气温度过高的原因有很多种，其中，喷油量不足是导致排气温度升高的一个主要原因。吕鹏等［12］针对喷油量对变频螺杆压缩机性能的影响进行试验研究，结果表明，排气温度随喷油量的减少逐渐增大，当喷油量降至40 L/min时，排气温度高达107 ℃，几乎达到报警停机温度；张金权等［13］对变频喷油螺杆压缩机冷却系统进行了试验研究，结果表明，当压缩机高频（35~50 Hz）运行时，应合理增大喷油量、增加冷却量，从而避免排气温度过高。上述研究主要得出喷油量的变化对排气温度的影响，未对机组固有的冷却器结构及换热面积等影响换热的因素进行深入的研究，也未总结喷油量对换热过程的影响。
本文结合传热学中对流换热原理，通过试验采集数据，采用对流换热的经典公式对测试数据进行拟合计算，绘制出喷油量与对流传热系数及对数平均温差的变化曲线，得出喷油量变化对换热过程中具体参数的影响，该研究可为解决螺杆空压机排气温度高的问题提供理论指导。
1　试验系统
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螺杆空压机冷却性能测试系统流程如图1所示。空气通过吸气过滤器经进气阀进入空压机主机，在主机内与从主机喷油口喷入的润滑油混合形成油气混合物。油气混合物经压缩后从空压机主机排气口排出，进入油气分离罐内进行分离。分离后的压缩空气从最小压力阀出口进入后冷却器冷却，通过标准喷嘴流量计后排入到大气；分离后的润滑油经油气分离罐的底部进入油冷却器和油过滤器，再次喷入空压机后循环使用。油气分离器的二次回油通过回油管及回油单向阀直接引回至空压机的吸气封闭齿腔。
风冷式螺杆空压机采用压差喷油系统，空压机机头喷油口处与油气分离器内部的压差是维持油路循环的推动力，润滑油通过油冷却的内通道，轴流风机安装在油冷却器及后冷却器底部，冷却风通过导风罩流过冷却器外翅片通道的表面形成对流换热，带走润滑油的热量，降低润滑油的温度，冷却后的润滑油以微液滴的状态喷入机头，与压缩气体直接接触混合，极大的换热表面迅速吸收气体的空压机热，冷却被压缩介质，使排气温度得到了有效控制；排气温度的允许值通常根据空压机所用润滑油的耐温性能确定，目前，行业内常压喷油螺杆空压机普遍采用矿物油，允许的最高使用温度通常为100 ℃，为保证润滑油在其使用寿命周期内的良好性能，需要留有大于5 ℃的余量，因此，螺杆空压机正常工作的排气温度通常都控制在95 ℃以下。
在给定正常工作允许的排气温度后，螺杆空压机的循环喷油量可由空压机的热平衡公式确定。由能量守恒定律得到空压机的热平衡方程式：
P轴=qmgcpg(Td-Tsg)+qmocpo(Td-Tso)
式中，P轴为空压机轴功率，kW；qmg为气体质量流量，kg/s；cpg为气体的定压比热容，kJ/（kg·℃）；Td为排气温度，℃；Tsg为吸气温度，℃；qmo为循环喷油量，kg/s；cpo为润滑油的定压比热容，kJ/（kg·℃）；Tso为喷油温度，℃。
喷油温度需要根据所选用的润滑油的黏度参数进行确定，以满足润滑油对空压机腔体及轴承的润滑要求，确保轴承可靠工作；当最恶劣环境温度为40 ℃时，空压机机头进气口吸气温度通常为45 ℃。此时，根据空气及润滑油的物性参数，按照式（1）即可计算出空压机的循环喷油量，在此循环喷油量的状态下，排气温度与整机吸气温度的差值为55 ℃。
2　试验结果与分析
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2.1　试验结果
整机采用铝制翅片油冷却器，其换热面积根据对应的主机轴功率、容积流量及空压机主机的循环喷油量，并结合冷却风的进风温度，冷却风量及润滑油进出油冷却器的温度，利用对流换热公式计算得出。
试验采用132 kW风冷式变频喷油螺杆空压机，吸气压力为大气压力，机器运行达到稳定后，采用精密压力表检测排气压力，额定排气压力为0.8 MPa。采用标准喷嘴流量计检测排气量，额定排气量为23.8 m3/min。采用功率测量仪检测整机的输入功率，通过玻璃温度计及温度传感器检测整机吸气口的进气温度、主机排气口的排气温度、油冷却器入口的进油温度、油冷却器出口的出油温度、油冷却器进风温度及顶部出风温度，测试数据见表1、表2。
机头排气温度与整机进气温度的差值也叫做整机温差，是判断油冷却性能是否合格的指标，此指标在本次试验中确定为≤55 ℃，与设计计算的数据保持一致。油冷却内部的循环介质为润滑油，油冷却器的微观换热过程是高温润滑油通过对流换热作用，将热量传递给润滑油通道内部的翅片及隔板，内翅片及隔板通过自身的导热将热量传递给温度较低的风道内的外翅片，再通过冷风与外翅片对流换热将热量传递给冷却风，并排出机箱外，通过冷却风机的旋转产生冷风，从而带走润滑油的热量。
2.2　喷油量对换热性能的影响
调节油量调节阀，测量额定排气压力下，不同喷油量时压缩机的排气温度，并同时记录整机的吸气温度，计算出整机温差，绘制喷油量与整机温差的曲线，如图2所示。由图2可以看出，随着喷油量的增大，整机温差不断下降，说明油冷却器的换热效果不断提高。根据轴功率公式（1）和对流换热原理，可得油冷却器的换热量：
Qys=qmocpo(T进油温度-T出油温度)=qmAcpA(T风扇进风-T油冷出风)=KAΔTm
式中，qmA为冷却风质量流量，kg/s；cpA为冷却风定压比热容，kJ/（kg·℃）；K为对流传热系数，W/（m2·℃）；A为对流换热面积，m2；ΔTm为对数平均温差，℃。
从式（2）可以看出，当油冷却器传热面积不变，冷却风机提供的冷却风量相同时，影响油冷却器换热效果的最关键因素是对流传热系数K，K值越大，传热效果越好，带走相同热量时，对数平均温差ΔTm变小，因此排气温度就会相应的下降，整机温差随之下降。
根据测试数据计算得出的对流传热系数随喷油量的变化如图3所示，对数平均温差随喷油量的变化如图4所示。
对流传热系数的大小与流体的流速密切相关，随着流体流速的增加，传热系数增加，其传热效果增强。试验中随着润滑油流量的增加，润滑油在油冷却通道中的流速增加，对流传热系数增加，当喷油量从134 L/min增加至262 L/min时，油冷却器对流传热系数从137 W/（m2·℃）提升至156.4 W/（m2·K），增长14.2%；对数平均温差从28.86 ℃下降至26.41 ℃，下降8.5%。试验得出的结果与传热学研究的变化趋势一致。
2.3　吸气温度对换热性能的影响
保持油量调节阀开度不变，测量额定排气压力下，吸气温度不同时压缩机的喷油温度及排气温度的变化，并同时记录整机的吸气温度，计算出整机温差值，绘制出其与排气温度的对应关系如图5所示。从图可见，随着吸气温度增加，整机温差仅存在微小变化，根据2.1节中喷油量对换热性能影响分析，当润滑油的循环量不发生变化时，润滑油喷入压缩机中与压缩空气进行热交换程度相当，因此，通过润滑油带走的热量几乎保持不变。根据轴功率计算公式（1）可知，压缩空气带走的热量几乎保持不变，由于排气量未发生变化，吸入空气的定压比热值受温度的影响变化较小，排气温度与整机吸气温度的差值，即整机温差基本保持不变。随着吸气温度增加，喷油温度不断上升，这是由于润滑油的热量通过冷却风对流换热带走，吸气温度上升导致冷却器进风温度增加，因此，经过冷却后的喷油温度随之上升。随着吸气温度增加，排气温度不断上升，这是由于整机温差基本保持不变，排气温度随吸气温度的上升呈相同的上升幅度。
3　结论
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（1）当喷油量从134 L/min增加至262 L/min时，油冷却器对流传热系数增长14.2%，润滑油温差会从29.8 ℃降低至16.7 ℃，对流换热的对数平均温差下降8.5%。因此，油路系统的合理设计至关重要，保证满足要求的润滑油，可以有效提高对流传热系数和对流换热的对数平均温差，有效减少换热器的翅片面积，从而降低冷却器的成本。
（2）吸气温度增加引起排气温度上升，但是对整机温差影响较小，喷油螺杆空压机冷却性能可以通过测试环境温度与排气温度差值进行判定，无需按照最恶劣环境温度进行整机测试。喷油螺杆空压机应当规定其工作的环境温度范围，并且处于保持良好的通风环境，从而保证空压机的排气温度不超过允许的临界温度。

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2025年第53卷第6期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2025.06.003
  • 接收时间：2024-07-12
  • 首发时间：2026-10-20
  • 出版时间：2025-06-30
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-12
  • 修回日期：2024-12-13
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    1广东艾高装备科技有限公司，广东 佛山 528175
    2柳州工学院，广西 柳州 545616

通讯作者:

李福送（1981），男，副教授/高级工程师，主要研究方向为螺杆空压机三维CAD数字化，通信地址：545616广西壮族自治区柳州市鱼峰区新柳大道99号柳州工学院，E-mail：。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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