Article(id=1154432830265348341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154432826603720940, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1667404800000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753167835060, onlineDateStr=2025-07-22, pubDate=1705680000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753167835060, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753167835060, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753167835060, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154432826603720940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2024', volume='42', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='142', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753167834186, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694645959, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156642435372540826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154432826603720940, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156642435372540827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154432826603720940, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=37, endPage=44, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154432830672195830, articleId=1154432830265348341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=Coordinated power-load control strategy for wind turbine based on LPV-MPC, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Pitch control of large wind turbine is a complex nonlinear control task. How to achieve power regulation and load reduction under system constraints and wind speed disturbance has become a problem. For this problem, a controloriented linear parameter varying (LPV) model is constructed by using mechanism and parameter identification methods. The gap metric theory is introduced to reduce the complexity of the model, which provides a more accurate linear model for control design. Based on the obtained optimal states, an adaptive model prediction pitch controller (MPC)is proposed with the change of realtime wind speed. The coordinated control of powerload for large wind turbine can be realized under the conditions of system constraints. The simulation examples of OpenFAST show the effectiveness of the proposed model and controller.
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大型风电机组变桨控制是一个复杂的非线性控制任务,如何在系统约束和风速扰动的条件下实现功率调节和载荷降低成为难题。针对该问题,文章采用机理与参数辨识方法构建了一个面向控制的线性变参数(LPV)模型,LPV模型引入间隙度量理论来降低模型复杂度,为控制设计提供了更加精确的线性模型。设计了时变卡尔曼滤波器,实现了风机的最优状态估计,基于获得的最优状态,提出了自适应模型预测(MPC)变桨控制器,MPC 控制器能够根据实时风速变化调整预测模型,在满足系统约束的条件下实现大型风电机组功率载荷的协调控制。OpenFAST 对比仿真实例表明了模型与控制器的有效性。
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线性模型之间的间隙度, figureFileSmall=hCeuTfWnelvZpYJQWuDsTA==, figureFileBig=xRPFy+8QCWquGmMDOLmQYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865120014734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Structure diagram of adaptive model predictive pitch control for wind turbine based on LPV model, figureFileSmall=WP3NfGxnwoZgFOjaRa7c8Q==, figureFileBig=RUBcLWWJd31g8WAENRPwGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865187123599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=
基于 LPV 模型的自适应模型预测变桨控制结构图, figureFileSmall=WP3NfGxnwoZgFOjaRa7c8Q==, figureFileBig=RUBcLWWJd31g8WAENRPwGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865233260945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Validation of LPV model, figureFileSmall=aLl66tJvQrYT02tKizXCyA==, figureFileBig=6AL/6iASf/tT2tDlTi+vow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865333924246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=
LPV 模型验证, figureFileSmall=aLl66tJvQrYT02tKizXCyA==, figureFileBig=6AL/6iASf/tT2tDlTi+vow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865422004633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Performances comparison between GS-PI controller MPC controller and LPV-MPC controller, figureFileSmall=4Q0QinMv20mK2dpwl6kPgQ==, figureFileBig=G9dqz619EF3TIu9TVy6yhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865501696414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=
GS-PI, MPC 与 LPV-MPC 控制器性能对比, figureFileSmall=4Q0QinMv20mK2dpwl6kPgQ==, figureFileBig=G9dqz619EF3TIu9TVy6yhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154432865547833760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Key parameters of NREL 5 MW wind turbine, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| 额定功率 ${P}_{\mathrm{e}}/\mathrm{{MW}}$ | 5 |
| 切入风速 ${V}_{\mathrm{{in}}}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 3 |
| 额定风速 ${V}_{\text{rated }}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 11.4 |
| 切出风速 ${V}_{\text{out }}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 25 |
| 空气密度 $\rho /\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}$ | 1.225 |
| 转子半径 $R/\mathrm{m}$ | 63 |
| 齿轮箱增速比 ${N}_{\mathrm{g}}$ | 97 |
| 转子惯性 ${J}_{\mathrm{r}}/\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ | 38677060 |
| 发电机惯性 ${J}_{\mathrm{g}}/\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ | 534.116 |
| 传动链扭转劲度 ${K}_{\mathrm{s}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{{rad}}}^{-1}$ | 867 637 000 |
| 传动链扭转阻尼 ${D}_{\mathrm{s}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m} \cdot {\left( \mathrm{{rad}}/\mathrm{s}\right) }^{-1}$ | 6 215 000 |
| 变桨执行器时间常数 ${\tau }_{\beta }/\mathrm{s}$ | 0.05 |
| 发电机时间常数 ${\tau }_{\mathrm{g}}/\mathrm{s}$ | 0.02 |
| 塔顶等效质量 ${M}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{{kg}}$ | ${4.84} \times {10}^{5}$ |
| 塔顶等效阻尼 ${D}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{s} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$ | ${1.24} \times {10}^{5}$ |
| 塔顶等效劲度 ${K}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$ | ${2.05} \times {10}^{6}$ |
| 发电机效率 ${\eta }_{\mathrm{g}}/\%$ | 94.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154432865619136931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
NREL 5MW 风机的关键参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| 额定功率 ${P}_{\mathrm{e}}/\mathrm{{MW}}$ | 5 |
| 切入风速 ${V}_{\mathrm{{in}}}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 3 |
| 额定风速 ${V}_{\text{rated }}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 11.4 |
| 切出风速 ${V}_{\text{out }}/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | 25 |
| 空气密度 $\rho /\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}$ | 1.225 |
| 转子半径 $R/\mathrm{m}$ | 63 |
| 齿轮箱增速比 ${N}_{\mathrm{g}}$ | 97 |
| 转子惯性 ${J}_{\mathrm{r}}/\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ | 38677060 |
| 发电机惯性 ${J}_{\mathrm{g}}/\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ | 534.116 |
| 传动链扭转劲度 ${K}_{\mathrm{s}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{{rad}}}^{-1}$ | 867 637 000 |
| 传动链扭转阻尼 ${D}_{\mathrm{s}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m} \cdot {\left( \mathrm{{rad}}/\mathrm{s}\right) }^{-1}$ | 6 215 000 |
| 变桨执行器时间常数 ${\tau }_{\beta }/\mathrm{s}$ | 0.05 |
| 发电机时间常数 ${\tau }_{\mathrm{g}}/\mathrm{s}$ | 0.02 |
| 塔顶等效质量 ${M}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{{kg}}$ | ${4.84} \times {10}^{5}$ |
| 塔顶等效阻尼 ${D}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{s} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$ | ${1.24} \times {10}^{5}$ |
| 塔顶等效劲度 ${K}_{\mathrm{t}}/\mathrm{N} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$ | ${2.05} \times {10}^{6}$ |
| 发电机效率 ${\eta }_{\mathrm{g}}/\%$ | 94.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154432865690440103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Quantitative analysis of simulation results, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 性能指标 | GS-PI | MPC | LPV-MPC |
| 发电机 | 平均值 | 5007.5 | 4 990.0 | 4 996.5 |
| 功率/kW | 标准差 | 115.90 | 73.18 | 73.51 |
| 变桨角 | 平均值 | 11.62 | 11.76 | 11.72 |
| (°) | 标准差 | 1.25 | 1.12 | 0.88 |
| 塔基载荷 | 平均值 | 41 651 | 41 348 | 41 273 |
| $\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ | 标准差 | 10 760 | 11 283 | 7933.2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154432865778520492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154432830265348341, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
仿真结果量化分析, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 性能指标 | GS-PI | MPC | LPV-MPC |
| 发电机 | 平均值 | 5007.5 | 4 990.0 | 4 996.5 |
| 功率/kW | 标准差 | 115.90 | 73.18 | 73.51 |
| 变桨角 | 平均值 | 11.62 | 11.76 | 11.72 |
| (°) | 标准差 | 1.25 | 1.12 | 0.88 |
| 塔基载荷 | 平均值 | 41 651 | 41 348 | 41 273 |
| $\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ | 标准差 | 10 760 | 11 283 | 7933.2 |
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