Article(id=1154430658752537342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154430651659969244, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1669564800000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753167317331, onlineDateStr=2025-07-22, pubDate=1716134400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753167317331, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753167317331, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753167317331, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154430651659969244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2024', volume='42', issue='5', pageStart='569', pageEnd='710', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753167315640, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694602531, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156642253209723786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154430651659969244, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156642253213918091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154430651659969244, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=640, endPage=646, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154430659377488647, articleId=1154430658752537342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=The fatigue performance of wind turbine foundation with imbalance blade mass, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to explore the fatigue performance of the wind turbine foundation with embedded ring when the blade mass is imbalanced, the additional load is derived by reconstructing the blade mass imbalance model of the wind turbine, a singlepoint simulation of the pulsating wind velocity spectrum is done based on the harmonic synthesis method theory to calculate the basic operating load such as the aerodynamic load of the wind turbine, the finite element model of the wind turbine bladetowerfoundation integration is established with the actual engineering as an example, and the structural selfresonance characteristics and the load response under the combined action of the basic operating load and the additional load are calculated. The results show that the deepening of the imbalanced quality of the wind turbine blades will lead to the intensification of the stress concentration phenomenon and the increase of the stress amplitude of the basic structure, which in turn will affect the fatigue performance and fatigue life of the structure. and the force characteristics of the concrete in the structure will be greatly affected, followed by the steel cage, and the foundation embeddedring is the smallest.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Huiping Zhang, Zhefeng Liu, Pengfei Li), CN=ArticleExt(id=1154430718261322271, articleId=1154430658752537342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=CN, title=叶片质量不平衡下风机基础的疲劳性能, columnId=null, journalTitle=可再生能源, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究基础环式风机基础在叶片质量不平衡时的疲劳性能,文章通过重构风力发电机组叶片质量不平衡模型推导了附加载荷,基于谐波合成法理论对脉动风速谱做单点模拟以计算风电机组气动荷载等基本运行载荷,并以实际工程为例建立了风机叶片——塔筒——基础一体化有限元模型,计算了结构自振特性和基本运行载荷与附加载荷共同作用下的载荷响应。结果表明:风机叶片质量不平衡程度加深会导致基础结构的应力集中现象,加剧应力幅增加,进而影响结构的疲劳性能与寿命;结构中混凝土的受力特性受影响较大,钢筋笼次之,基础环最小。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=7KT+HMlSlYf7VxgvsD+FXQ==, magXml=PlL36OAcAfHbmuOYvmgsGg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=BbyPelR5/f/Bi4Bt9SYfDA==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=/0A272Ed1/xshh0okmcTLw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

张惠平(1999-),女,硕士,研究方向为风力发电机叶片与基础的监测。E-mail:

, authorsList=张惠平, 刘哲锋, 李鹏飞)}, authors=[Author(id=1154430719184069156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhp991111@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719242789413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719184069156, language=EN, stringName=Huiping Zhang, firstName=Huiping, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719322481190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719184069156, language=CN, stringName=张惠平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio={"content":"

张惠平(1999-),女,硕士,研究方向为风力发电机叶片与基础的监测。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张惠平(1999-),女,硕士,研究方向为风力发电机叶片与基础的监测。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1154430719397978664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719452504617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719397978664, language=EN, stringName=Zhefeng Liu, firstName=Zhefeng, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719511224874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719397978664, language=CN, stringName=刘哲锋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1154430719590916652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719641248301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719590916652, language=EN, stringName=Pengfei Li, firstName=Pengfei, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154430719691579950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, authorId=1154430719590916652, language=CN, stringName=李鹏飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154430719980986927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=foundation of wind turbine), Keyword(id=1154430720052290096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=mass imbalance of blade), Keyword(id=1154430720106816049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=finite element analysis), Keyword(id=1154430720165536306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=fatigue life), Keyword(id=1154430720228450867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=风机基础), Keyword(id=1154430720291365428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=叶片质量不平衡), Keyword(id=1154430720354279989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=有限元模拟), Keyword(id=1154430720421388854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=疲劳寿命)], refs=[Reference(id=1154430723218989657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=9, pageStart=140, pageEnd=148, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=吕伟荣, 何潇锟, 卢倍嵘, journalName=建筑结构学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕伟荣, 何潇锟, 卢倍嵘, 等. 插环式风机基础疲劳损伤机理研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2018, 39(9): 140-148., articleTitle=插环式风机基础疲劳损伤机理研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723273515610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=47, issue=2, pageStart=116, pageEnd=119, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=周新刚, 孔会, journalName=中国电力, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周新刚, 孔会. 某风机钢筋混凝土基础破坏实例及有限元分析[J]. 中国电力, 2014, 47(2): 116-119., articleTitle=某风机钢筋混凝土基础破坏实例及有限元分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723328041563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=何敏娟, 何桂荣, journalName=中国专利:CN201810988900.X, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何敏娟, 何桂荣. 一种自应力式风力发电塔基础环基础加固系统及加固方法[P]. 中国专利:CN201810988900.X, 2018-08-28., articleTitle=一种自应力式风力发电塔基础环基础加固系统及加固方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723382567516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=3, issue=4, pageStart=696, pageEnd=710, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Niebsch J, Ramlau R, Nguyen TT, journalName=Energies (Basel), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Niebsch J, Ramlau R, Nguyen TT. Mass and aerodynamic imbalance estimates of wind turbines[J]. Energies (Basel), 2010, 3(4): 696-710., articleTitle=Mass and aerodynamic imbalance estimates of wind turbines, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723437093469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=阎石, 郑伟, journalName=沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=阎石, 郑伟. 简谐波叠加法模拟风谱[J]. 沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 21(1): 1-4., articleTitle=简谐波叠加法模拟风谱, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723504202334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2002, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=849, pageEnd=852, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=王修琼, 崔剑峰, journalName=同济大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=王修琼, 崔剑峰. Davenport 谱中系数K的计算公式及其工程应用[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2002(7): 849-852., articleTitle=Davenport 谱中系数K的计算公式及其工程应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723562922591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=29, issue=8, pageStart=164, pageEnd=166, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=蒋莉, 许新勇, 李静, journalName=水电能源科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蒋莉, 许新勇, 李静, 等. 风机塔架基础接触非线性分析[J]. 水电能源科学, 2011, 29(8): 164-166., articleTitle=风机塔架基础接触非线性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723613254240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=626, pageEnd=631, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=许新勇, 李俊, 李强, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许新勇, 李俊, 李强, 等. 基于 CDP 本构的风力发电机基础损伤研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(5): 626-631., articleTitle=基于 CDP 本构的风力发电机基础损伤研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723667780193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=76, pageEnd=82, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=何兵, 刘哲锋, 向康, journalName=风能, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何兵, 刘哲锋, 向康, 等. 基于基础环动态偏移量的风电机组基础损伤状态评价研究[J]. 风能, 2022(2): 76-82., articleTitle=基于基础环动态偏移量的风电机组基础损伤状态评价研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723722306146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=GB 50010-2010, 混凝土结构设计规范(2011版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GB 50010-2010, 混凝土结构设计规范(2011版)[S]., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154430723781026403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=Lausanne:International Federation for StructuralStructural Concrete, Model Code 2010: First Complete Draft Volume 2(2010), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lausanne:International Federation for StructuralStructural Concrete, Model Code 2010: First Complete Draft Volume 2(2010)[S]., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154430723088966231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, awardId=2019QJCZ06, language=CN, fundingSource=长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(2019QJCZ06), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1154430723147686488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, awardId=CX2019SS09, language=CN, fundingSource=长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CX2019SS09), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154430719095988768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154430719112765985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, companyId=1154430719095988768, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Civil Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410004 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154430719121154594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, companyId=1154430719095988768, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 长沙理工大学 土木工程学院 湖南 长沙 410004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154430721079894583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Wind turbine blade mass imbalance model, figureFileSmall=6ybETZv3qP4LSsA5BZOwDg==, figureFileBig=ia23P/s9itRwh8BUif6DYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721142809144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=风机叶片质量不平衡模型, figureFileSmall=6ybETZv3qP4LSsA5BZOwDg==, figureFileBig=ia23P/s9itRwh8BUif6DYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721201529401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Schematic diagram of the wind turbine tower force, figureFileSmall=5l7Br0wPWsa/wh4UkXsD7A==, figureFileBig=/u5P4xOu41gTaxW++vQYsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721277026874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=风机塔筒受力示意图, figureFileSmall=5l7Br0wPWsa/wh4UkXsD7A==, figureFileBig=/u5P4xOu41gTaxW++vQYsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721327358523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Simulates the pulsating wind speed time course curve at an altitude of ${80}\mathrm{\;m}$, figureFileSmall=dPZgqR/5qHOT/VpKGCEqWw==, figureFileBig=VDx/KQW3Nn2NaAOs6HcV8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721377690172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=80m 高度处模拟脉动风速时程, figureFileSmall=dPZgqR/5qHOT/VpKGCEqWw==, figureFileBig=VDx/KQW3Nn2NaAOs6HcV8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721432216125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Pulsating wind power spectral density, figureFileSmall=qVQvoRFibXnXPJLSdXfSiA==, figureFileBig=br+klg/uxPZIjn0eTcr7Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721486742078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=脉动风功率谱密度, figureFileSmall=qVQvoRFibXnXPJLSdXfSiA==, figureFileBig=br+klg/uxPZIjn0eTcr7Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721524490815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Schematic view of the base dimensions of a wind turbine, figureFileSmall=9BmfrJeyqMn/+rqFXcBWUw==, figureFileBig=ftQEp5kRS4DtF6YGqscPzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721583211072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=风机基础尺寸示意图, figureFileSmall=9BmfrJeyqMn/+rqFXcBWUw==, figureFileBig=ftQEp5kRS4DtF6YGqscPzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721646125633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=The first four-order mode of the structure, figureFileSmall=M86Uo1nj6eMBk77dmG0cCQ==, figureFileBig=1OKcVMFxjv1wCWpSX9sABw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721704845890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=结构前四阶振型, figureFileSmall=M86Uo1nj6eMBk77dmG0cCQ==, figureFileBig=1OKcVMFxjv1wCWpSX9sABw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721763566147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Zoning diagram of a digital displacement sensor, figureFileSmall=e1FXX5q6Mg32XkZhE1QrzQ==, figureFileBig=gWanMNu7fTJJpszZ9YFP+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721901978180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=数字位移传感器分区图, figureFileSmall=e1FXX5q6Mg32XkZhE1QrzQ==, figureFileBig=gWanMNu7fTJJpszZ9YFP+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430721964892741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Time history curve of measured vibration data from the displacement sensor, figureFileSmall=nMoK4KbNWeUP1coM/3WC/A==, figureFileBig=HwcnBG0+ZBJdszUSeFiJdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722019418694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=位移传感器实测振动数据时程曲线, figureFileSmall=nMoK4KbNWeUP1coM/3WC/A==, figureFileBig=HwcnBG0+ZBJdszUSeFiJdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722078138951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Power spectrum, figureFileSmall=TeHhNHJbRwnE7eqj3l/YEQ==, figureFileBig=b988Vj2iWVgHEq7B9VdUsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722141053512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=功率谱, figureFileSmall=TeHhNHJbRwnE7eqj3l/YEQ==, figureFileBig=b988Vj2iWVgHEq7B9VdUsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722208162377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Tensile stress response diagram of foundation concrete, figureFileSmall=7olpN8keP6Z/z7JotyvD/Q==, figureFileBig=W771xj+UhBiAsWC4IfmL+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722262688330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 10, caption=基础混凝土拉应力响应, figureFileSmall=7olpN8keP6Z/z7JotyvD/Q==, figureFileBig=W771xj+UhBiAsWC4IfmL+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722313019979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Compressive stress response diagram of foundation concrete, figureFileSmall=Ch/K92YiOfrMnBOfm6CnPw==, figureFileBig=cLVrXw7mw+4zqvZDFvLWIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722363351628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 11, caption=基础混凝土压应力响应, figureFileSmall=Ch/K92YiOfrMnBOfm6CnPw==, figureFileBig=cLVrXw7mw+4zqvZDFvLWIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722413683277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Fatigue life diagram of concrete, figureFileSmall=JciZrn7ADOZjQBlS/+kZdg==, figureFileBig=EXg3KtRxXPPQeFj19DBmRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722489180750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 12, caption=混凝土疲劳寿命, figureFileSmall=JciZrn7ADOZjQBlS/+kZdg==, figureFileBig=EXg3KtRxXPPQeFj19DBmRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722581455439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Reinforcement cage fatigue check, figureFileSmall=RgEC9nnDfbRm3Maa/xPkjA==, figureFileBig=7EHwYBdY9KgZqvopnIOb1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722640175696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 13, caption=钢筋笼疲劳验算, figureFileSmall=RgEC9nnDfbRm3Maa/xPkjA==, figureFileBig=7EHwYBdY9KgZqvopnIOb1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722690507345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Foundation pipe fatigue check, figureFileSmall=DWcSjha3hziFFc68eUwC+g==, figureFileBig=E7SeD0EICWHpRWuGMb20/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722736644690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=图 14, caption=基础环疲劳验算, figureFileSmall=DWcSjha3hziFFc68eUwC+g==, figureFileBig=E7SeD0EICWHpRWuGMb20/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154430722786976339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Technical data sheet for ${2.0}\mathrm{{MW}}$ wind turbine units, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值 参数 数值
额定功率/MW 2.0 切入风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 3.0
设计寿命/a 20 额定风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 10.5
轮毂高度/m 80 切出风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 25.0
叶片半径/m 46.5 塔筒顶段质量/t 37.9
叶片质量/t 48.4 塔筒中段质量/t 54.1
机舱质量/t 18.5 塔筒底段质量/t 62.9
电机质量/t 65.9 额定轮毂转速/ $\mathrm{r} \cdot {\mathrm{{min}}}^{-1}$ 16.83
), ArticleFig(id=1154430722841502292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=2.0 MW 风机机组技术参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值 参数 数值
额定功率/MW 2.0 切入风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 3.0
设计寿命/a 20 额定风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 10.5
轮毂高度/m 80 切出风速 $/\mathrm{m} \cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ 25.0
叶片半径/m 46.5 塔筒顶段质量/t 37.9
叶片质量/t 48.4 塔筒中段质量/t 54.1
机舱质量/t 18.5 塔筒底段质量/t 62.9
电机质量/t 65.9 额定轮毂转速/ $\mathrm{r} \cdot {\mathrm{{min}}}^{-1}$ 16.83
), ArticleFig(id=1154430722904416853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Material parameters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料 弹性模量 密度 泊松比 抗压强度 标准值/MPa 抗拉强度 标准值/MPa
叶轮、机舱 $2 \times {10}^{11}$ 193 0.3 - -
Q345 结构钢 $2 \times {10}^{11}$ 7 800 0.3 345 345
C40 混凝土 ${3.25} \times {10}^{10}$ 2500 0.2 26.8 2.39
), ArticleFig(id=1154430722958942806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154430658752537342, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=材料参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料 弹性模量 密度 泊松比 抗压强度 标准值/MPa 抗拉强度 标准值/MPa
叶轮、机舱 $2 \times {10}^{11}$ 193 0.3 - -
Q345 结构钢 $2 \times {10}^{11}$ 7 800 0.3 345 345
C40 混凝土 ${3.25} \times {10}^{10}$ 2500 0.2 26.8 2.39
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146118781765529606, delFlag=0, nameCn=可再生能源, nameEn=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-5292, eissn=, cn=21-1469/TK, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Renew Energy Res, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1755588886026, createdBy=null, updatedBy=15831073675, firstLetterCn=R, firstLetterEn=R, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, picEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1164587454112678277, language=CN, name=可再生能源, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://kzsny.com/, createdTime=1755588886049, updatedTime=1755588886049, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/PromptPageInfo.aspx?t=v&c=1, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1164587454167204230, language=EN, name=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1755588886062, updatedTime=1755588886062, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146119893612605453, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202370429360, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112772, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519535151, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=可再生能源, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148619523667816493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781834761, updateTime=1751781834761, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523642650666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781834755, updateTime=1751781834755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523634262057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1751781834753, updateTime=1751781834753, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523659427884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781834759, updateTime=1751781834759, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523651039275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781834757, updateTime=1751781834757, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155908164001353748, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753519582037, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519582037, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Renewable Energy Resources, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155908456914739359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753519651869, updateTime=1753519651869, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456893767836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753519651864, updateTime=1753519651864, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456885379227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1753519651862, updateTime=1753519651862, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456906350750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753519651867, updateTime=1753519651867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456902156445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753519651866, updateTime=1753519651866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=可再生能源, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Renewable Energy Resources, journalPhotoCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPhotoEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, journalFirstLetter=R, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/Y2024/V42/I5/640, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/Y2024/V42/I5/640, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I5/640, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I5/640, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
叶片质量不平衡下风机基础的疲劳性能
收藏切换
PDF下载
张惠平 , 刘哲锋 , 李鹏飞
可再生能源 | 2024,42(5): 640-646
收起
收藏切换
可再生能源 | 2024, 42(5): 640-646
叶片质量不平衡下风机基础的疲劳性能
全屏
张惠平 , 刘哲锋, 李鹏飞
作者信息
  • 1 长沙理工大学 土木工程学院 湖南 长沙 410004
  • 张惠平(1999-),女,硕士,研究方向为风力发电机叶片与基础的监测。E-mail:

The fatigue performance of wind turbine foundation with imbalance blade mass
Huiping Zhang , Zhefeng Liu, Pengfei Li
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Civil Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410004 China
出版时间: 2024-05-20
文章导航
收藏切换

为探究基础环式风机基础在叶片质量不平衡时的疲劳性能,文章通过重构风力发电机组叶片质量不平衡模型推导了附加载荷,基于谐波合成法理论对脉动风速谱做单点模拟以计算风电机组气动荷载等基本运行载荷,并以实际工程为例建立了风机叶片——塔筒——基础一体化有限元模型,计算了结构自振特性和基本运行载荷与附加载荷共同作用下的载荷响应。结果表明:风机叶片质量不平衡程度加深会导致基础结构的应力集中现象,加剧应力幅增加,进而影响结构的疲劳性能与寿命;结构中混凝土的受力特性受影响较大,钢筋笼次之,基础环最小。

风机基础  /  叶片质量不平衡  /  有限元模拟  /  疲劳寿命

In order to explore the fatigue performance of the wind turbine foundation with embedded ring when the blade mass is imbalanced, the additional load is derived by reconstructing the blade mass imbalance model of the wind turbine, a singlepoint simulation of the pulsating wind velocity spectrum is done based on the harmonic synthesis method theory to calculate the basic operating load such as the aerodynamic load of the wind turbine, the finite element model of the wind turbine bladetowerfoundation integration is established with the actual engineering as an example, and the structural selfresonance characteristics and the load response under the combined action of the basic operating load and the additional load are calculated. The results show that the deepening of the imbalanced quality of the wind turbine blades will lead to the intensification of the stress concentration phenomenon and the increase of the stress amplitude of the basic structure, which in turn will affect the fatigue performance and fatigue life of the structure. and the force characteristics of the concrete in the structure will be greatly affected, followed by the steel cage, and the foundation embeddedring is the smallest.

foundation of wind turbine  /  mass imbalance of blade  /  finite element analysis  /  fatigue life
张惠平, 刘哲锋, 李鹏飞. 叶片质量不平衡下风机基础的疲劳性能. 可再生能源, 2024 , 42 (5) : 640 -646 .
Huiping Zhang, Zhefeng Liu, Pengfei Li. The fatigue performance of wind turbine foundation with imbalance blade mass[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024 , 42 (5) : 640 -646 .
基础环式风机基础因其设计简单、安装方便、 不受环境限制等优势在我国风电场建设中被广泛应用。近年来, 风力发电机组基础混凝土表面裂缝、基础环与混凝土之间产生间隙松动等问题频发。不少学者对此展开研究, 吕伟荣 [ 1 ] 聚焦风机基础问题, 基于事故调查结果提出了风机基础损伤过程。周新刚 [ 2 ] 采用有限元计算不同荷载工况下的风机基础受力特点,分析了混凝土破坏的原因。 何敏娟 [ 3 ] 通过设置加固装置,利用塔筒下部直接自行对其周边混凝土加压,从根本上解决了基础环基础因疲劳而产生开裂的问题。
在风电场的现场勘察与检测中发现, 基础损伤所对应风机叶片的检测结果往往不尽人意。湖南郴州某风场 15# 风机基础混凝土发生损伤破坏, 经加固一年后重现表面裂缝, 裂缝持续劣化, 该风机叶片检测显示孔洞病害。湖南永州某风场 23# 风机明显可见基础环脱开裂缝,表层混凝土压溃,停机状态下某支叶片垂落于下侧,基础拆除后的检测结果显示,叶轮中某支叶片重量异于正常叶片。叶片不平衡故障中的气动与质量不平衡将导致风电机组极限荷载与疲劳荷载的增加, 破坏机组稳定性而造成基础损伤及破坏 [ 4 ]
本文针对叶片质量不平衡的基础环式风机建立叶片不平衡模型, 分析叶片质量不平衡下风机结构附加载荷, 并采用 Davenport 水平风速功率谱基于谐波合成法模拟风力发电机组随机脉动风时程,计算基本运行荷载。
以实际工程为例, 运用 ABAQUS 有限元软件, 研究模拟自然风速下的风机基础结构热点动力响应, 分析风机叶片质量不平衡对基础环式风机基础疲劳性能的影响。
以轮毂中心为原点,叶片 $\mathrm{A},\mathrm{B}$$\mathrm{C}$ 所在 ${yOz}$ 平面为迎风面,机舱方向 ${Ox}$ 轴为顺风方向,建立风机叶片不平衡模型坐标系 ( 图 1 )。 叶片 $\mathrm{A}$ 与正向重合为叶片初始位置,而沿着顺时针角速度 $\omega$ 旋转时间 $t$ 后的位置如 图 1${\mathrm{A}}^{\prime }{\mathrm{B}}^{\prime }{\mathrm{C}}^{\prime }$ 所示。
叶片 $\mathrm{A},\mathrm{B},\mathrm{C}$ 的质量均为 $M$ ,风机正常运行状态下 3 支叶片对轮毂中心的合力矩为 0 。假设叶片不平衡质量为 $m$ ,不平衡质量块的初始位置为 $\phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}},{r}_{1},{r}_{2},{r}_{3}, r$ 分别为 3 支叶片的重心和叶片不平衡质量块至轮毂中心的径向距离, 叶片的转动平面至塔筒的距离为 ${L}_{0}$ 在角速度为 $\omega$ 的条件下, 不平衡质量块产生的离心力的绝对值 ${F}_{\mathrm{c}}$
${F}_{\mathrm{c}}= {\omega }^{2}{mr}$
叶片水平最大质量偏心矩 $e$
$ e =\frac{{mr}\cdot \cos \left({{\omega t}+ {\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)}{{3M}+ m}$
风机塔筒受力如 图 2 所示。
叶片不平衡质量块的离心力随叶片的转动呈现周期性变化, 结合其重力可得塔筒顶部叶片质量不平衡受力为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{F}_{y}= -{\omega }^{2}{mr}\cdot \sin \left({{\omega t}+ \phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)\\{F}_{z}= -{\omega }^{2}{mr}\cdot \cos \left({{\omega t}+ \phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)- {mg}\\{M}_{x}= {mgr}\cdot \cos \left({{\omega t}+ \phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)\\{M}_{y}= -{\omega }^{2}{mr}\cdot \cos \left({{\omega t}+ \phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)\cdot L -{mgL}\\{M}_{z}= {\omega }^{2}{mr}\cdot \sin \left({{\omega t}+ \phi +{\phi }_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)\cdot L.\end{array}\right.$
依次设置正常叶片偏差为 $0,2\%,4\%,6\%$ , $8\%,{10}\%$ 的不平衡质量块,分析风机叶片不平衡所产生的附加载荷对基础环式风机基础的影响。
风力发电机组任意高度处的自然风速可表示为平均风速与脉动风速的叠加 [ 5 ] 。根据风剪效应可知, 平均风速与地面粗糙程度及高度有强相关性,其指数模型可表示为
$\bar{v}\left( z\right)= {\left(\frac{z}{10}\right)}^{\alpha }{\bar{v}}_{10}$
式中: $\bar{v}\left( z\right)$$z$ 高度处的平均风速; ${\bar{v}}_{10}$ 为高 ${10}\mathrm{\;m}$ 处的平均风速; $\alpha$ 为地面粗糙程度系数。
脉动风速采用 Davenport 水平风速功率谱 [ 6 ] 基于谐波合成法模拟, MATLAB 编程模拟点数 $N ={6000}$ ,频率增量为0.001,频率上限为 $6\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ ,频率下限为 $0\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ ,时间增量为 ${0.1}\mathrm{\;s}$ ,总时间为 ${600}\mathrm{\;s}$ , 地面粗糙度系数取 0.00215 。本文载荷工况选取风力发电机组基本功率输出状态和风速为额定风速的正常外界条件,模拟风机高度为 ${80}\mathrm{\;m}$ 时平均风速为 ${10.5}\mathrm{\;m}/\mathrm{s}$ 的脉动风速时程曲线及脉动风功率谱密度曲线 ( 图 3 ,4)。
图 4 可知, 模拟谱值与 Davenport 谱值在数值上基本吻合, 证实模拟风速符合风速规律。不考虑启停故障等工况, 风速模拟时程结合风力发电机推力系数、空气密度以及风机叶片旋转的扫掠面积, 可以计算出叶轮旋转作用于塔筒结构顶部的荷载时程曲线。
本文以 2 MW 风力发电机组为例进行研究, 其主要参数如 表 1 所示。
风机基础形式为圆盘形重力式基础环式基础,具体尺寸参数见 图 5
本文采用 ABAQUS 有限元软件建模, 模型包括基础上部结构、基础环、基础混凝土及钢筋笼部分, 忽略土体作用。基础上部结构单元类型以六面体实体单元 C3D8R 为主,基础环与基础混凝土均采用六面体实体单元 C3D8R, 钢筋笼采用三维杆单元 T3D2。基础上部结构中的机舱、轮毂、叶片等效于偏离塔筒轴线 ${1.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的质点,上部结构与基础环之间采用绑定连接。基础环与基础混凝土之间采用面面接触, 切向接触设为库伦摩擦接触,摩擦系数取 ${0.4}^$ [ 7 ] ,法向接触作用为硬接触。钢筋笼与基础混凝土之间采用嵌入技术。钢材采用理想弹塑性应力-应变曲线作为其本构模型, 混凝土本构模型采用 C40 混凝土塑性损伤模型 (CDP) [ 8 ] 。材料部分参数如 表 2 所示。
模态频率分析是结构动力学分析的基础。在有限元分析模型的基础上对风机进行模态分析, 考虑叶片等对结构自振频率的影响, 采用 Lanczos 法进行计算, 确定动力分析中的载荷响应相关控制参数。模态分析结果显示:风力发电机组结构前四阶自振频率分别为 0.3337,0.3365,1.7558, ${1.9144}{\mathrm{{Hz}}}_{\circ }$ 第一阶振型主要为垂直于叶片平面的左右摆动,第二阶振型为相对于叶片平面的前后摆动, 第三阶振型为塔筒与叶片在叶片平面内左右弯曲, 第四阶振型为塔筒与叶片在垂直于叶片平面内的前后弯曲 ( 图 6 )。
本文在传统监视控制和数据采集(SCADA) 系统的基础上, 使用数字位移传感器对基础损伤实时监控。假定基础环上法兰为圆平面,舱门作为参考基准点,将圆平面等分成 16 份圆心角为 ${22.5}^{\circ }$ 的扇形区域 ( 图 7 )。选取 1 号点位置为舱门,逆时针在圆周上依次选取标记点编号至 16 号,偶数编号点分别放置数字位移传感器, 对风机基础环振动位移实现 ${0.1}\mathrm{\;s}$ /次振动电信号数据采集 [ 9 ] 。通过实验室标定的电信号与位移之间的函数关系编程, 实现电信号与位移信号的转换。
采用数字位移传感器提取的该工程在某一时段内风机基础环某监测点振动位移数据如 图 8 所示,采集频率为 ${10}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ 。分别选取 2 号、6 号、10 号、14 号 4 个位置测点数据进行快速傅里叶变换, 得到如 图 9 所示的功率谱。
图 9 可知,功率谱的共振峰值为 ${0.3}\sim {0.4}$ $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}$ 。而模态分析数值计算结果返回的风力发电机组第一阶频率(0.3337Hz)恰好落在此区间,进一步证明了文中有限元数值模拟分析的准确性与可靠性。
为了解叶片质量不平衡对基础环式风机基础结构受力特性的影响, 基于模态分析中的前四阶振动频率,将基础运行载荷叠加不同叶片质量不平衡的附加载荷施加在模型上, 得到风机基础载荷响应。
载荷作用下迎风侧基础环交界范围、背风侧基础环下法兰底部及与地基接触范围混凝土均出现了应力集中现象。 图 10 ,11 分别为叶片质量不平衡下基础混凝土拉、压应力响应。
图 10 可知,不平衡质量越大,基础混凝土拉应力越大,主要分布在 ${1.2}\sim {1.6}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,相比正常情况,质量偏差为 10%时的拉应力幅值上限变化约为 0.08 MPa, 升幅约为 5.7%。
图 11 可知,基础混凝土压应力随不平衡质量递增,主要分布在 $4 \sim 8\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,质量偏差为 ${10}\%$ 时相比正常情况下压应力幅值上限变化了约 0.2 MPa,升幅约为 ${3.3}\%$
结合 图 10 ,11 对比分析可知, 叶片质量不平衡下基础混凝土的拉、压应力均发生变化,且拉应力贡献高于压应力,但均未超过其材料抗拉、压强度标准值。
载荷作用下钢筋笼与基础环上法兰的迎风侧与背风侧均出现显著应力集中现象,其 MISES 应力响应曲线与混凝土应力态势大致相同, 质量偏差下的钢筋笼与基础环的最大应力升幅分别为 1.5%和 1.0%左右。风机叶片质量不平衡对基础环式风机基础结构的混凝土受力特性影响较大, 钢筋笼次之,基础环最小,符合风机基础混凝土的抗疲劳性能较基础环和塔筒钢构件弱的特点。
风机基础在其设计基准期 ${20}\mathrm{a}$ 的等效循环次数为 $1 \times {10}^{7}$ ,而规范 [ 10 ] 中给出的材料疲劳强度设计值则是根据疲劳循环次数为 $2 \times {10}^{6}$ 得出的结果, 两者差距较大, 规范不适用, 因此本文采用欧洲混凝土规范 [ 1 ] 进行疲劳损伤分析计算。参照 FIB Model Code 第 7.4.1 条给出的设计年限内混凝土疲劳使用寿命计算方法, 疲劳荷载作用下基础环外侧 C40 混凝土的抗压疲劳强度参考值 ${f}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\mathrm{{fat}}}$${15.09}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,抗拉疲劳强度参考值 ${f}_{\mathrm{{ctd}},\mathrm{{fat}}}$ 为 1.67 ${\mathrm{{MPa}}}_{0}$ 当满足式(5),(6)时,混凝土强度满足要求, 无需进行疲劳验算。
${\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{c},\max }{\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}\leq {0.45}{f}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\text{ fat }}$
${\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{{ct}},\max }{\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}\leq {0.33}{f}_{\mathrm{{ctd}},\text{ fat }}$
式中: ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}$ 为疲劳工况荷载安全系数,取 ${1.1};{\sigma }_{\mathrm{c},\max }$ , ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{{ct}},\max }$ 分别为载荷作用下混凝土的最大压、拉应力,根据应力时程曲线分析结果取值; ${\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}$ 为混凝土不均匀系数,取 0.8 。
分析有限元模拟基础混凝土应力时程曲线的结果可知, 混凝土抗压疲劳强度满足式(5), 而抗拉疲劳强度不满足式(6),需要通过式(7) (9)计算动力响应的混凝土应力水平幅,并根据式(10) (12)计算该应力水平幅下混凝土疲劳强度所对应的疲劳寿命。
${S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }= {\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{c},\min }{\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}/{f}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\text{ fat }}$
${S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\max }= {\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{c},\max }{\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}/{f}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\text{ fat }}$
${S}_{\mathrm{{td}},\max }= {\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{{ct}},\max }{\eta }_{\mathrm{c}}/{f}_{\mathrm{{ctd}},\mathrm{{fat}}}$
$\log {N}_{1}= \frac{8}{Y - 1}\cdot \left({{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\max }- 1}\right)$
$\log {N}_{2}= 8 +\frac{8 \cdot \ln \left({10}\right)}{Y - 1}\cdot \left({Y -{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\max }}\right)\cdot \log \left(\frac{{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\max }- {S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }}{Y -{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }}\right)$
$\log {N}_{3}= {12}\left({1 -{S}_{\mathrm{{td}},\max }}\right)$
式中: $Y =\frac{{0.45}+ {1.8}{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }}{1 +{1.8}{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }- {0.3}{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min }^{2}};{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\min },{S}_{\mathrm{{cd}},\max }$ 分别为最小、最大压应力水平; ${S}_{\mathrm{{td}},\max }$ 为最大拉应力水平; ${N}_{1},{N}_{2},{N}_{3}$ 均为疲劳循环次数。
随着叶片不平衡质量的增加, 基础环外侧混凝土的应力水平有所提升,拉应力水平提升较压应力明显,根据对基础环外侧混凝土进行疲劳强度验算绘制的混凝土疲劳寿命如 图 12 所示。
图 12 可知,基础混凝土疲劳寿命呈现下降趋势, 且不平衡质量越大, 疲劳寿命循环次数下降的速率越大。在本文所选取的工况条件下,当叶片质量偏差约为 $8\%$ 时,基础环外侧混凝土将无法满足风机设计的使用寿命要求。
钢材承受疲劳载荷作用易发生脆性断裂。钢筋笼和基础环的疲劳验算应分别满足式(13),(14)。
${\gamma }_{\mathrm{{Ed}}}{\Delta \sigma }\leq \Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{{Rsk}}}\left( n\right)/{\gamma }_{\mathrm{s},\text{ fat }}$
${\Delta \sigma }< \left\lbrack {\Delta \sigma }\right\rbrack $
式中: ${\Delta \sigma }$ 为钢筋笼与基础环在载荷作用下的应力幅值的最大值; $\Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{{Rsk}}}\left( n\right)$ 为特征疲劳强度函数得到的与循环次数相关的应力范围, 本文取 210 $\mathrm{{MPa}};{\gamma }_{\mathrm{s},\mathrm{{fat}}}$ 为钢筋在疲劳荷载作用下的材料分项系数,取 1.15; $\left\lbrack {\Delta \sigma }\right\rbrack$ 为疲劳容许应力幅值,根据构件和连接的类别及满负应力循环次数折减值确定, 本文取 ${118}{\mathrm{{MPa}}}_{\circ }$
对叶片不平衡质量的钢筋笼与基础环进行疲劳验算, 结果如 图 13 , 14 所示。图中应力幅表示循环中应力大小变化的程度, 是导致金属构件疲劳破坏的根本原因。
图 13 ,14 可以看出,不平衡质量的增加将引起构件应力幅的增加, 两者呈现出强正相关性。 钢筋笼与基础环的疲劳验算均满足其结构材料的疲劳容许应力要求。
基于 $2\mathrm{{MW}}$ 基础环式风机,本文自上而下考虑叶片质量不平衡对风机基础结构的影响, 通过有限元模拟与分析得到以下结论。
①在风致疲劳载荷作用下,风机基础结构与基础环交界范围的外侧混凝土、与上法兰迎风侧背风侧接触范围的钢筋笼和基础环均出现了应力集中的现象,受叶片质量不平衡的影响,其应力幅值随不平衡质量程度的增大而增大,各工况下混凝土应力升幅最大,钢筋笼次之,基础环最小。
②钢筋笼与基础环的疲劳验算结果表明其安全度较高。随着叶片不平衡质量程度的增大,基础混凝土的疲劳寿命呈现加速下降趋势, 在所选取的工况下,当叶片质量偏差约为 $8\%$ 时,基础环外侧混凝土将不满足风机设计的使用寿命要求。在基础环式风机基础的运维监测过程中, 应给予叶片质量不平衡重点关注, 以降低其对基础混凝土的损伤破坏。
  • 长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(2019QJCZ06)
  • 长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CX2019SS09)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
吕伟荣, 何潇锟, 卢倍嵘, 等. 插环式风机基础疲劳损伤机理研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2018, 39(9): 140-148.
[2]
周新刚, 孔会. 某风机钢筋混凝土基础破坏实例及有限元分析[J]. 中国电力, 2014, 47(2): 116-119.
[3]
何敏娟, 何桂荣. 一种自应力式风力发电塔基础环基础加固系统及加固方法[P]. 中国专利:CN201810988900.X, 2018-08-28.
[4]
Niebsch J, Ramlau R, Nguyen TT. Mass and aerodynamic imbalance estimates of wind turbines[J]. Energies (Basel), 2010, 3(4): 696-710.
[5]
阎石, 郑伟. 简谐波叠加法模拟风谱[J]. 沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 21(1): 1-4.
[6]
王修琼, 崔剑峰. Davenport 谱中系数K的计算公式及其工程应用[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2002(7): 849-852.
[7]
蒋莉, 许新勇, 李静, 等. 风机塔架基础接触非线性分析[J]. 水电能源科学, 2011, 29(8): 164-166.
[8]
许新勇, 李俊, 李强, 等. 基于 CDP 本构的风力发电机基础损伤研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(5): 626-631.
[9]
何兵, 刘哲锋, 向康, 等. 基于基础环动态偏移量的风电机组基础损伤状态评价研究[J]. 风能, 2022(2): 76-82.
[10]
GB 50010-2010, 混凝土结构设计规范(2011版)[S].
[11]
Lausanne:International Federation for StructuralStructural Concrete, Model Code 2010: First Complete Draft Volume 2(2010)[S].
2024年第42卷第5期
PDF下载
284
144
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2022-11-28
  • 首发时间:2025-07-22
  • 出版时间:2024-05-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-28
基金
长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(2019QJCZ06)
长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CX2019SS09)
作者信息
    1 长沙理工大学 土木工程学院 湖南 长沙 410004
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/1154430658752537342
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏