Article(id=1154429169313239430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429165668393604, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1685980800000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753166962220, onlineDateStr=2025-07-22, pubDate=1721404800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753166962220, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753166962220, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753166962220, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154429165668393604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2024', volume='42', issue='7', pageStart='853', pageEnd='994', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753166961351, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694581412, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156642164642796057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429165668393604, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156642164646990362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429165668393604, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=886, endPage=893, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154429169728475542, articleId=1154429169313239430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=Experimental study on air source heat pump heating system based on automatic heat storage/discharge device with compound multi-surface concentrator, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to achieve clean heating in northern rural areas, this paper constructs an air source heat pump heating system based on automatic heat storage/discharge devices and compound multisurface concentrating collectors.Experimental research shows that: at the same water supply temperature, the COP of the heat pump increases gradually with the increase of the inlet air temperature of the evaporator and the intensity of solar radiation. When the heat collector and heat pump are operated together, the heat storage device can automatically store heat and automatically supplement the heat of the air entering the evaporator. The temperature rise of the air is 2~4 °C. The system heat collection and heating capacity on the experimental day were 2.29 MJ/m² and 27.99 MJ/m² respectively, the system energy efficiency ratio (SEER) was 1.84, and the daily average solar energy contribution rate was 41.2%. When the air source heat pump operates alone, the heating capacity of the heat pump on the experimental day is 8.75 MJ/m², and the SEER is 1.79. The above results show that the solar subsystem constructed in this article can automatically adjust the heat storage of the system and the heat supplement to the evaporator, improve the energy efficiency ratio of the system, reduce the difficulty of operation and maintenance, and has certain adaptability in rural areas.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhiyong Li, Meng Sun, Xinglong Ma, Weisheng Wang, Xiang Yuan), CN=ArticleExt(id=1154429234152984999, articleId=1154429169313239430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=CN, title=基于自动蓄/放热装置的多曲面聚光集热空气源热泵系统实验研究, columnId=null, journalTitle=可再生能源, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了实现北方农村地区清洁供暖,文章构建了基于自动蓄/放热装置和多曲面聚光集热器的空气源热泵供暖系统。实验研究表明:在相同供水温度下,随着蒸发器进口空气温度和太阳辐射强度的升高,热泵 COP 均逐渐升高。集热器及热泵联合运行时,蓄热装置可自动蓄热并对进入蒸发器的空气进行自动补热,空气温升为2~4℃,实验日系统集热量和制热量分别为2.29 MJ/m², 27.99 MJ/m², 系统能效比(SEER)为1.84,日平均太阳能贡献率为41.2%。空气源热泵单独运行时,实验日热泵制热量为8.75 MJ/m², SEER 为 1.79。上述结果表明,文章构建的太阳能子系统可以自动调节系统的蓄热量及向蒸发器的补热量,提高了系统的能效比,降低了运行、维护难度,在农村地区具有一定的适应性。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=4EEKKflum5HUQ8rbVqe7qQ==, magXml=s5+vIn+6deVm2H+br9qIXA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=nGYkGCd3/W6pkIbRLltI2w==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=4OtjfTIruE1OX/hIt+0kBA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

李志永(1982-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事太阳能利用、相变蓄热技术方面的研究工作。E-mail:

, authorsList=李志永, 孙梦, 马兴龙, 王维胜, 苑翔)}, authors=[Author(id=1154429234966679998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lizhiyongnbe@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235268669892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429234966679998, language=EN, stringName=Zhiyong Li, firstName=Zhiyong, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235319001541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429234966679998, language=CN, stringName=李志永, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144, bio={"content":"

李志永(1982-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事太阳能利用、相变蓄热技术方面的研究工作。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李志永(1982-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事太阳能利用、相变蓄热技术方面的研究工作。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234832462261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234836656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234845045175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144)])]), Author(id=1154429235381916105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235449024971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235381916105, language=EN, stringName=Meng Sun, firstName=Meng, middleName=null, lastName=Sun, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235520328141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235381916105, language=CN, stringName=孙梦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234832462261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234836656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234845045175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144)])]), Author(id=1154429235583242704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235658740179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235583242704, language=EN, stringName=Xinglong Ma, firstName=Xinglong, middleName=null, lastName=Ma, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235721654741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235583242704, language=CN, stringName=马兴龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京理工大学 机械与车辆工程学院 北京 100081, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234891182521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234899571130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234891182521, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234903765435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234891182521, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京理工大学 机械与车辆工程学院 北京 100081)])]), Author(id=1154429235780375000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235834900955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235780375000, language=EN, stringName=Weisheng Wang, firstName=Weisheng, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429235893621213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235780375000, language=CN, stringName=王维胜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234832462261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234836656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234845045175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144)])]), Author(id=1154429235964924384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429236032033251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235964924384, language=EN, stringName=Xiang Yuan, firstName=Xiang, middleName=null, lastName=Yuan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429236111725029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, authorId=1154429235964924384, language=CN, stringName=苑翔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234832462261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234836656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234845045175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154429236363383274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=compound multi-surface concentrator), Keyword(id=1154429236447269356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=air source heat pump), Keyword(id=1154429236505989613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=automatic heat storage/discharge), Keyword(id=1154429236568904175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=experimental research), Keyword(id=1154429236640207345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=rural clean heating), Keyword(id=1154429236703121907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=复合多曲面聚光), Keyword(id=1154429236770230773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=空气源热泵), Keyword(id=1154429236845728247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=自动蓄/放热), Keyword(id=1154429236921225720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=实验研究), Keyword(id=1154429236975751673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=农村清洁供暖)], refs=[Reference(id=1154429239559442966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=22, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=傅杰, 蒋绿林, 卢涛, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=傅杰, 蒋绿林, 卢涛, 等. 相变储能太阳能热泵系统的试验研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2018, 36(1): 22-26., articleTitle=相变储能太阳能热泵系统的试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239664300567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=169, pageEnd=174, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=孙誉桐, 蒋绿林, 范文英, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙誉桐, 蒋绿林, 范文英. 基于相变储能的太阳能空气源热泵系统的研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(2): 169-174., articleTitle=基于相变储能的太阳能空气源热泵系统的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239718826520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=3082740, pageEnd=3082740, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Huang W, Ji J, Modjinou M, journalName=International Journal of Photoenergy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang W, Ji J, Modjinou M, et al. Effects of ambient parameters on the performance of a direct -expansion solar-assisted heat pump with bare plate evaporators for space heating[J]. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2017(2): 3082740-3082740., articleTitle=Effects of ambient parameters on the performance of a direct -expansion solar-assisted heat pump with bare plate evaporators for space heating, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239773352473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=曾乃晖, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曾乃晖. 西昌地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统优化研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017., articleTitle=西昌地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统优化研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239823684122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=209, pageEnd=214, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=闫泽滨, 马素霞, 李小刚, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫泽滨, 马素霞, 李小刚. 太阳能-相变蓄热蒸发型空气源热泵复合供热系统的设计[J]. 可再生能源, 2018, 36(2): 209-214., articleTitle=太阳能-相变蓄热蒸发型空气源热泵复合供热系统的设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239899181595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=247, issue=null, pageStart=114710, pageEnd=114710, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yang LW, Xu RJ, Hua N, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang LW, Xu RJ, Hua N, et al. Review of the advances in solar-assisted air source heat pumps for the domestic sector[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2021, 247: 114710-114710., articleTitle=Review of the advances in solar-assisted air source heat pumps for the domestic sector, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429239962096156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1979, volume=22, issue=2, pageStart=125, pageEnd=135, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Freeman TL, Mitchell JW, Audit T E, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Freeman TL, Mitchell JW, Audit T E. Performance of combined solar-heat pump systems[J]. Solar Energy, 1979, 22(2): 125-135., articleTitle=Performance of combined solar-heat pump systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240020816413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=李海林, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李海林. 兰州地区串、并联式太阳能空气源热泵供热系统性能的数值研究与分析[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2019., articleTitle=兰州地区串、并联式太阳能空气源热泵供热系统性能的数值研究与分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240083730974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=8, pageStart=38, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=孔祥强, 徐显, 张鹏, journalName=农业工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孔祥强, 徐显, 张鹏, 等. 直膨式太阳能热泵供暖系统运行控制策略[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(8): 38-44., articleTitle=直膨式太阳能热泵供暖系统运行控制策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240138256927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=6, pageStart=754, pageEnd=759, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=闫素英, 王群, 高世杰, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫素英, 王群, 高世杰, 等. 增加蓄热装置的空气源热泵-太阳能互补供暖系统优化研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(6): 754-759., articleTitle=增加蓄热装置的空气源热泵-太阳能互补供暖系统优化研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240192782880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=57, issue=7, pageStart=910, pageEnd=920, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=李金平, 董玉慧, 李彩军, journalName=上海交通大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李金平, 董玉慧, 李彩军, 等. 寒冷地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水器供暖性能[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(7): 910-920., articleTitle=寒冷地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水器供暖性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240247308833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=47, issue=4, pageStart=136, pageEnd=140, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=李楠, 田昕, 王皆腾, journalName=暖通空调, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李楠, 田昕, 王皆腾, 等. 北京某农村住宅空气源热泵辅助太阳能供暖系统的运行性能[J]. 暖通空调, 2017, 47(4): 136-140., articleTitle=北京某农村住宅空气源热泵辅助太阳能供暖系统的运行性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240301834786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=刘雨曦, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘雨曦. 空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统在夏热冬冷地区的运行模拟和应用研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2011., articleTitle=空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统在夏热冬冷地区的运行模拟和应用研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429240364749347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=GB50736-2012, 民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范(条文说明), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GB50736-2012, 民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范(条文说明)[S]., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154429239442002452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, awardId=52006013, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学青年基金(52006013), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1154429239488139797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, awardId=Z221100006022007, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市科委,京津冀科技创新协同项目(Z221100006022007), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429234832462261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234836656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234845045175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234832462261, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154429234891182521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234899571130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234891182521, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429234903765435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, companyId=1154429234891182521, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京理工大学 机械与车辆工程学院 北京 100081)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154429237705560570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Schematic diagram of air source heat pump heating system with compound multi-surface concentrator and schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatic heat storage/discharge device, figureFileSmall=6U3RJnj9B+yLKiDtt8IZCQ==, figureFileBig=JQAVB+XhF7AN7dno0LNB/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429237785252347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=复合多曲面聚光集热器耦合空气源热泵供暖系统原理图及自动蓄/放热装置内部构造示意图, figureFileSmall=6U3RJnj9B+yLKiDtt8IZCQ==, figureFileBig=JQAVB+XhF7AN7dno0LNB/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429237839778300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Compound multi-surface concentrator array, figureFileSmall=/EUHCMa71MUcBHuxx07iFQ==, figureFileBig=hw6ppbFb+rzQlHj7lECkpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429237902692861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=复合多曲面聚光集热器阵列, figureFileSmall=/EUHCMa71MUcBHuxx07iFQ==, figureFileBig=hw6ppbFb+rzQlHj7lECkpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429237965607422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Experimental measurement site, figureFileSmall=OvlgCT/GbRVnM9zljTMjyQ==, figureFileBig=NjmtWsSRw2dja9r22IYg1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238020133375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=实验实测现场图, figureFileSmall=OvlgCT/GbRVnM9zljTMjyQ==, figureFileBig=NjmtWsSRw2dja9r22IYg1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238104019456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Effect of evaporator inlet air temperature on COP at different water supply temperatures, figureFileSmall=KvpDlXxPd28x5WB9lJ79mQ==, figureFileBig=hvbe4OWLiy0bXghUkoE5XA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238179516929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=不同供水温度下蒸发器进口空气温度对 $\mathbf{{COP}}$ 的影响, figureFileSmall=KvpDlXxPd28x5WB9lJ79mQ==, figureFileBig=hvbe4OWLiy0bXghUkoE5XA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238250820098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Effect of solar radiation intensity on COP at different water supply temperatures, figureFileSmall=boxJV5KYFmz0wqIutwFQ2A==, figureFileBig=7qcQJv9CEc06fgrUTYXhPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238317928963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=不同供水温度下太阳辐射强度对 $\mathbf{{COP}}$ 的影响, figureFileSmall=boxJV5KYFmz0wqIutwFQ2A==, figureFileBig=7qcQJv9CEc06fgrUTYXhPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238368260612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Variation of solar radiation intensity and collector inlet and outlet temperature with time, figureFileSmall=BsNg8VQGAesCC7pVLVWonA==, figureFileBig=19FDvNZisDf1Pp4aZUCW6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238435369477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=太阳辐射强度及集热器进出口温度随时间变化, figureFileSmall=BsNg8VQGAesCC7pVLVWonA==, figureFileBig=19FDvNZisDf1Pp4aZUCW6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238494089734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Change of temperature with time, figureFileSmall=+TsDGm9s/6rmwcBBSs01EQ==, figureFileBig=vS3zbN30TrwcI9Fhk/eQQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238561198599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=温度随时间变化, figureFileSmall=+TsDGm9s/6rmwcBBSs01EQ==, figureFileBig=vS3zbN30TrwcI9Fhk/eQQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238615724552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Variation of the air temperature at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator with time, figureFileSmall=sN699UNx7E4anVjJABcrfQ==, figureFileBig=/xsnG5mM06wIdiQVY3UeNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238687027721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=蒸发器进出口空气温度随时间变化, figureFileSmall=sN699UNx7E4anVjJABcrfQ==, figureFileBig=/xsnG5mM06wIdiQVY3UeNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238737359370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Solar contribution rate with time, figureFileSmall=ScSUbboFHSMOrvCHzPkHIA==, figureFileBig=Y/Dcqqu3PhWBu2ofM9RQ5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238812856843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=太阳能贡献率随时间变化, figureFileSmall=ScSUbboFHSMOrvCHzPkHIA==, figureFileBig=Y/Dcqqu3PhWBu2ofM9RQ5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238863188492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Efficiency and heat change with time, figureFileSmall=FgZbcO1+feFX4SXe1IHVww==, figureFileBig=jnXb5d1pawV6TE4aBIsFyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429238938685965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 10, caption=效率及热量随时间变化, figureFileSmall=FgZbcO1+feFX4SXe1IHVww==, figureFileBig=jnXb5d1pawV6TE4aBIsFyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429239005794830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Changes in temperature with time, figureFileSmall=Qt/kGB242mTDTtIEEh2CPQ==, figureFileBig=y7AsHanlywfLw8YovugWZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429239064515087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 11, caption=温度随时间变化, figureFileSmall=Qt/kGB242mTDTtIEEh2CPQ==, figureFileBig=y7AsHanlywfLw8YovugWZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429239119041040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Variation of heat pump heating capacity with time, figureFileSmall=gBzthO2T/z38JsZ9SQ8jqA==, figureFileBig=1D0BgP2EQcTIiQ22CDzWmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429239173566993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=图 12, caption=热泵制热量随时间变化, figureFileSmall=gBzthO2T/z38JsZ9SQ8jqA==, figureFileBig=1D0BgP2EQcTIiQ22CDzWmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429239244870162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Measuring instruments and their parameters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测量仪器 型号 量程 精度
热电偶 TT-T-30-SLE $- {200} \sim {260}{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$ 0.4%
温度传感器 Pt100 铂电阻 $- {50} \sim {150}\mathrm{℃}$ 0.1 %
辐射仪 TM-207 0~1 999 W/m2 $\pm {10}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
风速仪 405i 0~30 m/s $\pm {0.1}\mathrm{\;m}/\mathrm{s}$
电磁流量计 YYLDG-DN25 0~26.5 m ${}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 0.5 级
单相电能表 DDSU666 0~9 999.99 kW·h 1 级
), ArticleFig(id=1154429239316173331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429169313239430, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=测量仪器及其参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测量仪器 型号 量程 精度
热电偶 TT-T-30-SLE $- {200} \sim {260}{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$ 0.4%
温度传感器 Pt100 铂电阻 $- {50} \sim {150}\mathrm{℃}$ 0.1 %
辐射仪 TM-207 0~1 999 W/m2 $\pm {10}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
风速仪 405i 0~30 m/s $\pm {0.1}\mathrm{\;m}/\mathrm{s}$
电磁流量计 YYLDG-DN25 0~26.5 m ${}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 0.5 级
单相电能表 DDSU666 0~9 999.99 kW·h 1 级
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146118781765529606, delFlag=0, nameCn=可再生能源, nameEn=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-5292, eissn=, cn=21-1469/TK, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Renew Energy Res, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1755588886026, createdBy=null, updatedBy=15831073675, firstLetterCn=R, firstLetterEn=R, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, picEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1164587454112678277, language=CN, name=可再生能源, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://kzsny.com/, createdTime=1755588886049, updatedTime=1755588886049, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/PromptPageInfo.aspx?t=v&c=1, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1164587454167204230, language=EN, name=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1755588886062, updatedTime=1755588886062, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146119893612605453, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202370429360, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112772, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519535151, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=可再生能源, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148619523667816493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781834761, updateTime=1751781834761, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523642650666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781834755, updateTime=1751781834755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523634262057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1751781834753, updateTime=1751781834753, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523659427884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781834759, updateTime=1751781834759, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523651039275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781834757, updateTime=1751781834757, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155908164001353748, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753519582037, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519582037, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Renewable Energy Resources, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155908456914739359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753519651869, updateTime=1753519651869, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456893767836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753519651864, updateTime=1753519651864, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456885379227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1753519651862, updateTime=1753519651862, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456906350750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753519651867, updateTime=1753519651867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456902156445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753519651866, updateTime=1753519651866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=可再生能源, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Renewable Energy Resources, journalPhotoCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPhotoEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, journalFirstLetter=R, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/Y2024/V42/I7/886, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/Y2024/V42/I7/886, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I7/886, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I7/886, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于自动蓄/放热装置的多曲面聚光集热空气源热泵系统实验研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
李志永 1 , 孙梦 1 , 马兴龙 2 , 王维胜 1 , 苑翔 1
可再生能源 | 2024,42(7): 886-893
收起
收藏切换
可再生能源 | 2024, 42(7): 886-893
基于自动蓄/放热装置的多曲面聚光集热空气源热泵系统实验研究
全屏
李志永1 , 孙梦1, 马兴龙2, 王维胜1, 苑翔1
作者信息
  • 1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144
  • 2 北京理工大学 机械与车辆工程学院 北京 100081
  • 李志永(1982-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事太阳能利用、相变蓄热技术方面的研究工作。E-mail:

Experimental study on air source heat pump heating system based on automatic heat storage/discharge device with compound multi-surface concentrator
Zhiyong Li1 , Meng Sun1, Xinglong Ma2, Weisheng Wang1, Xiang Yuan1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China
  • 2 School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
出版时间: 2024-07-20
文章导航
收藏切换

为了实现北方农村地区清洁供暖,文章构建了基于自动蓄/放热装置和多曲面聚光集热器的空气源热泵供暖系统。实验研究表明:在相同供水温度下,随着蒸发器进口空气温度和太阳辐射强度的升高,热泵 COP 均逐渐升高。集热器及热泵联合运行时,蓄热装置可自动蓄热并对进入蒸发器的空气进行自动补热,空气温升为2~4℃,实验日系统集热量和制热量分别为2.29 MJ/m², 27.99 MJ/m², 系统能效比(SEER)为1.84,日平均太阳能贡献率为41.2%。空气源热泵单独运行时,实验日热泵制热量为8.75 MJ/m², SEER 为 1.79。上述结果表明,文章构建的太阳能子系统可以自动调节系统的蓄热量及向蒸发器的补热量,提高了系统的能效比,降低了运行、维护难度,在农村地区具有一定的适应性。

复合多曲面聚光  /  空气源热泵  /  自动蓄/放热  /  实验研究  /  农村清洁供暖

In order to achieve clean heating in northern rural areas, this paper constructs an air source heat pump heating system based on automatic heat storage/discharge devices and compound multisurface concentrating collectors.Experimental research shows that: at the same water supply temperature, the COP of the heat pump increases gradually with the increase of the inlet air temperature of the evaporator and the intensity of solar radiation. When the heat collector and heat pump are operated together, the heat storage device can automatically store heat and automatically supplement the heat of the air entering the evaporator. The temperature rise of the air is 2~4 °C. The system heat collection and heating capacity on the experimental day were 2.29 MJ/m² and 27.99 MJ/m² respectively, the system energy efficiency ratio (SEER) was 1.84, and the daily average solar energy contribution rate was 41.2%. When the air source heat pump operates alone, the heating capacity of the heat pump on the experimental day is 8.75 MJ/m², and the SEER is 1.79. The above results show that the solar subsystem constructed in this article can automatically adjust the heat storage of the system and the heat supplement to the evaporator, improve the energy efficiency ratio of the system, reduce the difficulty of operation and maintenance, and has certain adaptability in rural areas.

compound multi-surface concentrator  /  air source heat pump  /  automatic heat storage/discharge  /  experimental research  /  rural clean heating
李志永, 孙梦, 马兴龙, 王维胜, 苑翔. 基于自动蓄/放热装置的多曲面聚光集热空气源热泵系统实验研究. 可再生能源, 2024 , 42 (7) : 886 -893 .
Zhiyong Li, Meng Sun, Xinglong Ma, Weisheng Wang, Xiang Yuan. Experimental study on air source heat pump heating system based on automatic heat storage/discharge device with compound multi-surface concentrator[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024 , 42 (7) : 886 -893 .
空气源热泵结构简单,成本低廉,但是在寒冷地区应用时, 存在制热性能差、制热效率低的问题 [ 1 - 3 ] ; 太阳能具有取之不尽、用之不竭、绿色、无污染等优点, 但是太阳能存在间歇性、不稳定性等特点 [ 4 ] 。因此,将热泵与太阳能系统合理结合,能够使两者充分发挥优势,克服各自不足。
太阳能集热与空气源热泵结合的供暖形式主要分为热泵蒸发器从集热系统水箱吸热的串联式和热泵蒸发器从空气中吸热与集热系统独立工作互为辅助的并联式, 热泵设置两个蒸发器分别从空气及集热系统水箱吸热的混合式及蒸发器直接作为集热器的直膨式系统 [ 6 ]
在两种气候条件下, Freeman T L [ 7 ] 利用 $\mathrm{{TRN}}$ - SYS 软件,模拟了串联式、并联式、混合式 3 种空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水供暖系统形式, 研究发现, 在供暖季节并联式系统可能是最有效的连接方式, 其热性能始终优于串联式和混合式系统。李海林 [ 8 ] 基于 TRNSYS 模拟优化平台,以兰州某办公楼为研究对象, 构建串、并联式太阳能空气源热泵供热系统仿真模型, 并提出了多种运行模式的合理控制策略。孔祥强 [ 9 ] 提出了一种以丙烷为工质的直膨式太阳能热泵供暖系统,研究表明,基于所提出的控制策略, 系统平均性能系数最高可达 3.58。闫素英 [ 10 ] 在传统太阳能-空气源热泵互补供暖系统的基础上增加了蓄热装置, 提高了复合供暖系统的热性能和经济性。李金平[ 11 ]搭建了太阳能真空管热水器-空气源热泵实验系统, 详细对比了系统在晴天、阴天及多云 3 种典型工况下系统能效比,研究发现,晴天工况下系统能效比最高,但蓄热水箱水温仍需进一步提升。李楠 [ 12 ] 对北京某农村住宅安装的空气源热泵辅助太阳能供暖系统进行了测试, 结果发现, 热泵机组日平均 COP 为 4.29,日平均太阳能贡献率为 4.87%,具有较好的运行性能,但太阳能贡献率较低。
在上述研究中, 直膨系统的集热器与热泵蒸发器是同一个部件, 该系统在太阳能工况运行时需要减少蒸发器与周围空气的换热, 在无太阳工况运行时需增强蒸发器与周围空气的换热, 因此在设计和运行上难以平衡蒸发器(或集热器)与周围空气的热交换问题; 串联式系统蒸发器设置在蓄热水箱内,因此完全以太阳能作为热泵热源,该系统难以解决较长时间无太阳辐射时热泵能量来源问题; 并联式及混联式系统通过较复杂的管道设计及模式切换来解决无太阳时的热泵能量来源问题,但导致了阀门较多,运行维护较复杂 [ 13 ]
为了解决上述问题, 实现农村地区的清洁供暖,本文设计了基于自动蓄/放热装置的多曲面聚光集热空气源热泵供暖 (Air Source Heat Pump Heating System based on Automatic Heat Storage/ Discharge Device with Compound Multi -surface Concentrator, ASHP-AHC)系统。该系统利用复合多曲面聚光空气集热器, 解决太阳能系统易于冻结的问题,并且设计了自动蓄/放热装置,将太阳能与热泵系统结合, 实现太阳能系统的自动蓄热及对热泵的补热,降低系统复杂程度,实现了系统高效、全天候运行。本文详细对比了不同供水温度下系统的 COP, 复合供暖运行模式及空气源热泵运行模式下,系统的效率、温度、热量等变化,分析了该系统的实际性能, 为其在农村地区的推广使用提供了参考。
为了分析 ASHP-AHC 系统的性能, 搭建了实验台,从热泵 COP、系统关键点的温度、热量及效率等方面对系统开展了实验研究。
选取河北省石家庄市(东经 ${114}^{\circ }$ ,北纬 ${38}^{\circ }$ ) 农村地区典型单体式建筑为研究对象, 搭建了 ASHP-AHC 系统。选取的建筑共 1 个房间,房间的尺寸为 ${6.1}\mathrm{\;m}\times {6.1}\mathrm{\;m}\times {2.7}\mathrm{\;m}$ (长 $\times$$\times$ 高),面积约为 ${37}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$ ,房间坐西朝东设置,门、窗均设置在东墙,门尺寸为 ${2.1}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.85}\mathrm{\;m}$ (长 $\times$ 宽),共计 1 扇, 窗尺寸为 ${2.1}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.85}\mathrm{\;m}$ (长 $\times$ 宽),共计 2 扇,西墙、 南墙及北墙均无门窗。
ASHP-AHC 系统原理见 图 1
图 1 可知, 该系统主要由复合多曲面聚光集热器、自动蓄/放热装置、空气源热泵及水-空气换热器组成。
复合多曲面聚光集热器主要是由玻璃盖板、 多个抛物反射镜面和内嵌 $*$ 形吸收体的单层玻璃管等部件构成。单个集热器长度为 ${1.9}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,进光口宽度为 ${0.68}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,有效集热面积约为 ${1.3}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$ 。实验台以 3 行 4 列的方式排布, 共设置 12 块集热器, 每 1 行集热器通过橡胶套串联连接, 行与行之间并联连接,空气流向由 $\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{B}$ ( 图 1 )。集热器固定在钢架上, 朝正南方向倾斜放置, 集热器玻璃盖板 (受光面)与水平面夹角呈 ${40}^{\circ }$ ,见 图 2
自动蓄/放热装置箱体的外壳由不锈钢板制成,外部覆盖有保温层 (厚度为 ${0.03}\mathrm{\;m}$ )。箱体内部尺寸为 ${1.25}\mathrm{\;m}\times {0.76}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.40}\mathrm{\;m}$ (长 $\times$ 宽),蓄热装置被隔板分为上下两个腔体, 隔板距箱体下表面 ${0.90}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。下层腔体内安装蓄热体,蓄热体为 60 根有序排布的 PVC 蓄热单元,蓄热介质为水,每个蓄热单元高度为 ${0.70}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,直径为 ${0.11}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,间隔约为 ${0.02}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,总储水量约为 ${400}\mathrm{\;L}$ 。上层腔体内布置有热泵的蒸发器。两个腔体通过隔板的开孔联通, 隔板开有 3 条间距 ${0.02}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,尺寸为 ${0.5}\mathrm{\;m}\times {0.1}\mathrm{\;m}$ 矩形方孔 (位置见 图 1 )。
蓄热装置工作原理:当风机 1 启动时,室外空气进入上层腔体, 首先在隔板开孔处与从下层腔体进入的热空气混合,空气温度升高,经过热泵蒸发器,蒸发器吸收空气中的热量,这些热量包括室外空气及热空气(来自太阳能)中的热量。下层腔体和集热器阵列进、出风管连接。当风机 2 启动后,下层腔体内空气由进风管进入集热器阵列,经集热器加热后,从集热器出风管进入箱体内部,加热蓄热单元,部分热空气从隔板开口处进入上层腔体。该装置通过开孔处的自然对流实现了集热系统与热泵系统的耦合,该方式不需要手动调节, 当太阳能较多时,上下层腔体的空气温差增大,自然对流强度也增强,实现了自动调节。装置上集热器进、出口风管在同一水平面,直径均为 ${0.16}\mathrm{\;m},2$ 个风管中心距离为 ${0.93}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,中心距箱体底边为 ${0.30}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,距箱体侧边 ${0.16}\mathrm{\;m}$
空气源热泵蒸发器内的制冷剂吸收热量后, 经压缩机进入冷凝器, 在冷凝器内加热用户端的传热工质水,加热后的水经供回水管路进行循环, 在水-空气换热器中与供热房间空气持续进行热量交换,最终达到加热房间空气的目的。试验台配置的热泵为 1 台低温变频空气源热泵机组,其额定制热量为 ${5.69}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 。 1 台立式风机盘管,额定供热量为 ${8.1}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$
实验台数据采集系统由 1 台计算机、1 台 Agilent34972A 数据采集仪和 1 台无纸记录仪组成, 采集实时数据传输给计算机, 见 图 3 。测量仪器及其参数见 表 1
根据天气情况的不同, ASHP-AHC 系统主要有两种运行模式, 分别为复合供暖模式及热泵供暖模式。在太阳辐射较强的晴天和多云天, 运行复合供暖模式, 即集热器及热泵联合供暖, 运行时间段为 $8 :{00}- {17}: {00}$ ,该时间段集热器、空气源热泵同时开启,太阳能集热器的热量一部分通过蓄热装置的隔板开口加热室外空气(冷空气),一部分储存在蓄热装置内。在夜晚和阴天, 只开启空气源热泵,运行空气源热泵供暖模式。该模式下若蓄热装置内储存了热量, 则蓄热装置会加热从室外进入蒸发器的空气;若蓄热装置内没有储存热量,则与单独运行热泵供暖系统一样。
针对不同天气情况对系统运行性能开展了实验研究, 实验测试日期为 2022 年 11 月 3 日-12 月 19 日,其中有效实验天数为 ${33}\mathrm{\;d}$ 。测试过程中, 天气工况包括晴天、多云、阴雨天。
通常采用集热效率 $\eta$ 评价太阳能集热系统的集热性能, 其表达式为
$\eta =\frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{s}}}{{A}_{\mathrm{C}}{I}_{\mathrm{C}}\tau }$
${Q}_{\mathrm{s}}= {C}_{\mathrm{{Pa}}}{\rho }_{\mathrm{a}}{q}_{\mathrm{v}}{\Delta T\tau }$
式中: ${Q}_{\mathrm{s}}$ 为复合多曲面聚光集热器的集热量, $\mathrm{{kJ}}$${A}_{\mathrm{C}}$ 为集热面积, ${\mathrm{m}}^{2};{I}_{\mathrm{C}}$ 为太阳辐射强度, $\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2};\tau$ 为数据采集时间间隔, $\mathrm{s};{C}_{\mathrm{{Pa}}}$ 为空气的定压比热容, 取 ${1.003}\mathrm{\;{kJ}}/\left({\mathrm{{kg}}\cdot {}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}}\right);{\rho }_{\mathrm{a}}$ 为空气密度,取 ${1.293}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$ ; ${q}_{\mathrm{v}}$ 为集热器出风管空气的体积流量, ${\mathrm{m}}^{3}/\mathrm{s};{\Delta T}$ 为集热器进出口温差,℃。
蓄热装置中蓄热体的储能蓄热量 ${Q}_{\mathrm{w}}$
${Q}_{\mathrm{w}}= {C}_{\mathrm{{pw}}}{\rho }_{\mathrm{w}}{AH}\times {60}\times \Delta {T}^{\prime }$
式中: ${Q}_{\mathrm{w}}$ 为储能蓄热量 (简称蓄热量), $\mathrm{{kJ}};{C}_{\mathrm{{pw}}}$ 为水的定压比热容,取 ${4.2}\mathrm{\;{kJ}}/\left({\mathrm{{kg}}\cdot {}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}}\right);{\rho }_{\mathrm{w}}$ 为水的密度, 取 ${1103}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3};A$ 为每个蓄热单元的底面积, ${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ ; $H$ 为每个蓄热单元的高度, $\mathrm{m};\Delta {T}^{\prime }$ 为蓄热工质平均温差,℃。
空气源热泵制热性能系数 COP(Coefficient of Performance) 是热泵冬季采暖运行性能评价的重要指标, 其表达式为
$\mathrm{{COP}}= \frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}}{{W}_{\mathrm{H}}}$
式中: ${Q}_{\mathrm{H}}$ 为空气源热泵机组实际制热量, $\mathrm{{kJ}};{W}_{\mathrm{H}}$ 为空气源热泵机组耗电量, kJ。
采用系统能效比(Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, SEER)和太阳能贡献率对 ASHP-AHC 系统的性能进行评价。
SEER 计算式为
$\text{SEER}= \frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}}{W}$
式中: $W$ 为该系统耗电量(包括热泵机组、风机、 水泵等系统耗电量), $\mathrm{{kJ}}$
太阳能贡献率即在复合供暖运行模式下, 蒸发器从太阳能中吸收的热量与蒸发器从空气和太阳能中吸收的热量之比。
$ f =\frac{{Q}_{1}}{{Q}_{1}+ {Q}_{2}}$
${Q}_{1}= {C}_{\mathrm{{pa}}}{\rho }_{\mathrm{a}}{q}^{\prime }{}_{\mathrm{v}}\left({{T}_{\mathrm{{in}}}- {T}_{\mathrm{a}}}\right)$
${Q}_{2}= {C}_{\mathrm{{pa}}}{\rho }_{\mathrm{a}}{q}_{\mathrm{v}}^{\prime }\left({{T}_{\mathrm{a}}- {T}_{\mathrm{{out}}}}\right)$
式中: $f$ 为太阳能贡献率; ${Q}_{1}$ 为蒸发器从太阳能中吸收的热量, $\mathrm{{kJ}};{Q}_{2}$ 为蒸发器从空气中吸收的热量, $\mathrm{{kJ}};{q}^{\prime }$ ,为上层腔体内空气体积流量, ${\mathrm{m}}^{3}/\mathrm{s}$${T}_{\text{in }}$ 为蒸发器进口空气温度, ${}^{c}\mathrm{C};{T}_{\mathrm{a}}$ 为室外空气 (新风)温度, ${}^{o}\mathrm{C};{T}_{\text{out }}$ 为蒸发器出口空气温度, ${}^{o}\mathrm{C}$
由于空气源热泵的制热性能与蒸发器进口空气温度密切相关, 因此首先分析在不同蒸发器进口空气温度下热泵制热性能系数的变化规律。本文将热泵供水温度划分为 3 个区间进行分析, 分别为 ${38}\sim {42}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},{43}\sim {47}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},{48}\sim {52}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ,对应的供水温度平均值分别 ${40},{45},{50}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
图 4 为不同供水温度下蒸发器进口空气温度对 COP 的影响。
图 4 可知, 随着蒸发器进口空气温度的升高, COP 逐渐升高。在相同供水温度下,进口空气温度升高 ${5}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},\mathrm{{COP}}$ 平均提高约 ${0.26}_{\circ }$ 在相同进口空气温度下, 供水温度越低, COP 越高, 供水温度每降低 ${5}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},\mathrm{{COP}}$ 平均可提高 0.18。蒸发器进口空气温度升高约 ${8}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 可以抵消供水温度提高 ${5}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 所带来的性能衰减。当蒸发器进口空气温度在 ${0}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 以下时,随着进口空气温度升高,热泵 COP 变化较小;当蒸发器进口空气温度在 0 ℃ 以上时,进口空气温度每升高 4 ℃, COP 可提升 2.9%~11.5%; 当供水温度为 ${40}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ,进口空气温度为 ${14}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 时,热泵 COP 可达 2.79。而提高蒸发器进口空气温度, 只需开启蓄热风机,蓄热风机消耗的电量极小,故系统经济性较高。
查询中国气象历史数据发现, 石家庄冬季供暖期白天室外温度基本在 0~7 °C。根据 图 4 可知, 该温度范围是蒸发器补热的合适温度区间, 故该系统形式能够较好地适应石家庄地区的气候特点。
不同供水温度下太阳辐射强度对 COP 的影响见 图 5
图 5 可知:在相同供水温度下,随着太阳辐射的升高, COP 逐渐升高;而相同太阳辐射强度下,随着供水温度升高, COP 不断下降。
实验测试期间,晴天及多云天共计 ${27}\mathrm{\;d}$ 。选取 2022 年 12 月 18 日 8:00-次日 8:00 作为复合供暖模式下的典型日, 在此运行模式下对系统的温度、热量、效率等进行分析。
太阳辐射强度及集热器进出口温度随时间变化见 图 6
图 6 可知, 当日太阳辐射强度较高, 平均太阳辐射强度约为 ${520}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ ,并在 10:40 达到最大。集热系统开启后,集热器出口空气温度从-4 ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 快速上升到 ${50}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 以上,用时约 $3\mathrm{\;h}$ 。在 ${11}: {00}-$ 14:00,集热器出口温度基本维持在 50 °C 以上。由集热器进出口温度可知,9:40-15:00,集热器进出口温差均维持在 20 ℃ 以上,在 11:10-13:30, 进出口温差可以超过 35°C。
供回水温度、室内外温度、蓄热体平均温度及蒸发器制冷剂进出口温度随时间变化见 图 7
图 7 可知,当日室外温度变化为 $-{6.5}\sim {7.5}$ ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (平均温度为 $-{0.9}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ),室内温度变化为 ${13.2}\sim$ 24.5 °C (平均温度为 ${18.3}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ )。 $8 :{00}- 9 :{30}$ 及次日 $6 :{50}- 8 :{00}$ ,室内温度在 ${16}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 以下,其余时间段均在 ${16}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 以上,这主要因为 $8 :{00}- 9 :{30}$ 热泵运行过程中,房间温度在逐渐升温,未到达稳定状态。根据文献[ 14 ],冬季采暖室内设计温度一般取 ${16}\sim {18}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ , 在典型日该系统基本满足冬季供暖要求。8:00- 15:00 为蓄热装置的蓄热时段, 蓄热体平均温度从 ${0.6}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 升温到 ${15.6}^{\circ }\mathrm{C};{15}: {00}$ -次日 $7 :{40}$ 为蓄热装置放热时段,蓄热体平均温度从 15.6 ℃降至 ${3.8}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 。供回水温度与蒸发器制冷剂进出口温度在 13:50-19:50 时比较稳定,无较大波动;在次日 0:00 后温度波动较大。用户侧供回水温差大部分时间维持在 3.9~4.9 ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ,变化较小,机组运行稳定。 在部分时刻,例如次日 1:50、次日 3:50、次日 4: 50, 空气源热泵机组在夜晚会自动除霜, 降低了机组的制热能力。
蒸发器进出口空气温度随时间变化见 图 8
图 8 可知, 进风口空气温度与 图 7 中室外空气温度基本一致,温差不超过 ${0.5}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 。在 ${11}: {00}-$ ${14}: {20}$ ,蓄热装置加热空气产生的温升 $\left({{T}_{\mathrm{{in}}}- {T}_{\mathrm{a}}}\right)$ 为 3~4 °C,其余时段加热温升基本维持在 2 °C左右, 证明蓄热装置实现了自动对蒸发器补热的功能。 当 ${T}_{\text{out }}< {T}_{\mathrm{a}}$ 时,说明蒸发器既利用了太阳能的热量也吸收了室外空气的热量, 这样的时段约占白天时段 (8:00-17:00) 的 87.3%, 夜晚时段 (17:00-次日 8:00)的 ${93.2}\%$ ; 当 ${T}_{\text{out }}> {T}_{\mathrm{a}}$ 时,说明蒸发器只利用了太阳能的热量, 这些时段约占白天时段的 12.7%,夜晚时段的 1%。以上分析说明在系统运行的大部分时间段内,太阳能和空气能同时承担室内采暖热负荷。
太阳能贡献率随时间变化情况见 图 9
图 9 可知, 集热系统开启后, 太阳能贡献率快速上升,约 $3\mathrm{\;h}$ 后达到了 ${100}\%$ ,并维持了约 $1\mathrm{\;h}$ , 然后开始波动下降。10:40-13:00 太阳能贡献率均维持在 ${50}\%$ 以上,20:40,21:30 太阳能贡献率突然出现峰值, 经分析可能是实验测试误差导致的。经计算, 日平均太阳能贡献率为 41.2%, 说明以自然对流的方式对流经蒸发器的空气加热可以实现较好的补热效果。另外, 可以通过调节新风入口处风阀、改变蓄热装置内隔板的矩形方孔尺寸等方法调节太阳能贡献率。
效率及热量随时间变化情况见 图 10
图 10 可知, 集热系统开启后, 集热器的集热效率由 ${1.7}\%$ 上升到 ${18.6}\%$ ,用时 $5\mathrm{\;h}$ ,集热效率较低。集热器效率较低的主要原因是集热器安装倾角较小。因为冬季该典型日太阳高度角为 ${29}^{\circ }$ , 对应的最佳集热器倾角应该设置为 ${61}^{\circ }$ ,但由于系统是按照全年运行设计的(夏季考虑对粮食进行干燥),集热器安装倾角为 ${40}^{\circ }$ 。经过光学仿真计算可知,当太阳高度角为 ${29}^{\circ }$ 时,集热器倾角如果设置为 ${61}^{\circ }$ ,太阳光线接收率可达 ${97}\%$ ,如果集热器倾角设置为 ${40}^{\circ }$ ,光线接收率仅为 ${65}\%$ ,说明集热器倾角较小是集热器效率较低的主要原因。 另外, 在实验测试过程中, 由于空气集热器不可避免的存在漏风等热量损失, 也是导致集热效率偏低的原因。在 8:00-17:00,蓄热效率呈下降趋势。 在蓄热开始的前 $2\mathrm{\;h}$ ,蓄热效率可达 100%,说明蓄热装置中的蓄热体可将集热量全部吸收,主要原因是这段时间集热量较小, 上层腔体中的空气与蓄热装置内空气温差较小,自然对流强度较弱。 16:00-17:00 蓄热量为负数, 表明此时蓄热体吸收的热量要小于释放的热量,呈放热状态。系统制热量白天较稳定,但在 11:00-12:00 较小,主要是由于这一时间段太阳辐射较强, 室外温度较高, 导致室内得热较多,系统自动降低了制热量。经计算, 在复合供暖运行模式下, 当日单位集热器面积对应的系统集热量为 ${2.29}\mathrm{{MJ}}$ ,单位集热器面积对应的系统制热量为 ${27.99}\mathrm{{MJ}}$ , SEER 为 1.84。
实验测试期间,阴雨天共计 $6\mathrm{\;d}$ 。由于夜晚及阴雨天均为空气源热泵模式, 选取 2022 年 11 月 27 日 8:00-次日 8:00 作为此运行模式下的典型日,并对系统温度、热量变化进行分析。
供回水温度、室内外温度、蒸发器制冷剂进出口温度随时间变化情况见 图 11
图 11 可知,当日室外温度为 ${1.0}\sim {5.7}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (平均温度为 ${4.2}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ),室内温度为 ${18.5}\sim {20.9}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (平均温度为 ${20.0}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ),此工况下该系统满足冬季供暖要求。用户侧供回水温差大部分时间维持在 2.9~ ${3.8}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ,供回水温度与蒸发器制冷剂进出口温度变化较频繁,机组运行稳定性较差。
热泵制热量随时间变化情况见 图 12
图 12 可知, $8 :{00}-$ 次日 $8 :{00}$ 制热量为 $1 \times$ ${10}^{4}\sim 2 \times {10}^{4}\mathrm{\;{kJ}}$ 。经计算,在空气源热泵运行模式下, 当日热泵制热量为 ${8.75}\mathrm{{MJ}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ , SEER 为 1.79。
本文以 ASHP-AHC 系统为研究对象, 详细对比了不同供水温度下,蒸发器进口空气温度和太阳辐射强度对热泵 COP 的影响,复合供暖运行模式及空气源热泵运行模式下,系统的效率、温度、 热量变化等,研究结果表明:
①热泵系统在相同供水温度下,随着蒸发器进口空气温度和太阳辐射强度的升高, COP 均逐渐升高; 在相同蒸发器进口空气温度或相同太阳辐射强度下,供水温度越低, COP 越高;
②在复合供暖运行模式下,蓄热装置加热进入蒸发器的空气,产生 2~4 °C的温升,蓄热装置实现了对蒸发器自动补热的功能。蓄热体蓄热温升最高为 ${15}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 。实验日系统集热量为 ${2.29}\mathrm{{MJ}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ , 系统制热量为 ${27.99}\mathrm{{MJ}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ , SEER 为 1.84,日平均太阳能贡献率为 41.2%,实现了利用太阳能对热泵进行补热的目的;
③在空气源热泵运行模式下,实验日热泵制热量为 ${8.75}\mathrm{{MJ}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ , SEER 为 1.79。
本文设计的自动蓄/放热装置利用自然对流实现太阳能系统与热泵系统的耦合, 并自动调节系统的蓄热量及向蒸发器的补热量, 进而降低系统运行维护的复杂程度。在晴天的白天, 蓄热装置内的空气与上层腔体空气温差大,故自然对流强度较大, 对蒸发器补热较多。
该系统的结构形式对石家庄地区适应性较好, 但是对于不同气象条件的其他地区及不同采暖要求还要有针对性地进行优化, 这也是我们后续的主要研究内容。
  • 国家自然科学青年基金(52006013)
  • 北京市科委,京津冀科技创新协同项目(Z221100006022007)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
傅杰, 蒋绿林, 卢涛, 等. 相变储能太阳能热泵系统的试验研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2018, 36(1): 22-26.
[2]
孙誉桐, 蒋绿林, 范文英. 基于相变储能的太阳能空气源热泵系统的研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(2): 169-174.
[3]
Huang W, Ji J, Modjinou M, et al. Effects of ambient parameters on the performance of a direct -expansion solar-assisted heat pump with bare plate evaporators for space heating[J]. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2017(2): 3082740-3082740.
[4]
曾乃晖. 西昌地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统优化研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017.
[5]
闫泽滨, 马素霞, 李小刚. 太阳能-相变蓄热蒸发型空气源热泵复合供热系统的设计[J]. 可再生能源, 2018, 36(2): 209-214.
[6]
Yang LW, Xu RJ, Hua N, et al. Review of the advances in solar-assisted air source heat pumps for the domestic sector[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2021, 247: 114710-114710.
[7]
Freeman TL, Mitchell JW, Audit T E. Performance of combined solar-heat pump systems[J]. Solar Energy, 1979, 22(2): 125-135.
[8]
李海林. 兰州地区串、并联式太阳能空气源热泵供热系统性能的数值研究与分析[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2019.
[9]
孔祥强, 徐显, 张鹏, 等. 直膨式太阳能热泵供暖系统运行控制策略[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(8): 38-44.
[10]
闫素英, 王群, 高世杰, 等. 增加蓄热装置的空气源热泵-太阳能互补供暖系统优化研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(6): 754-759.
[11]
李金平, 董玉慧, 李彩军, 等. 寒冷地区空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水器供暖性能[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(7): 910-920.
[12]
李楠, 田昕, 王皆腾, 等. 北京某农村住宅空气源热泵辅助太阳能供暖系统的运行性能[J]. 暖通空调, 2017, 47(4): 136-140.
[13]
刘雨曦. 空气源热泵辅助太阳能热水系统在夏热冬冷地区的运行模拟和应用研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2011.
[14]
GB50736-2012, 民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范(条文说明)[S].
2024年第42卷第7期
PDF下载
247
123
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2023-06-06
  • 首发时间:2025-07-22
  • 出版时间:2024-07-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-06
基金
国家自然科学青年基金(52006013)
北京市科委,京津冀科技创新协同项目(Z221100006022007)
作者信息
    1 北方工业大学 土木工程学院 北京 100144
    2 北京理工大学 机械与车辆工程学院 北京 100081
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/1154429169313239430
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏