Article(id=1154429039218516289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429037721146272, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1679414400000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753166931203, onlineDateStr=2025-07-22, pubDate=1710864000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753166931203, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753166931203, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753166931203, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154429037721146272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2024', volume='42', issue='3', pageStart='284', pageEnd='426', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753166930847, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694626061, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156642351918469663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429037721146272, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156642351918469664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154429037721146272, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=331, endPage=339, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154429039738609988, articleId=1154429039218516289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=Performance simulation method of half-cell PV module under shadow shading, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The photovoltaic (PV) module slicing technology is an effective method to improve the module power, but the change of the structure brings some difficulties to the modeling of PV module output performance under complex situations. In this paper, a performance simulation method for halfcell photovoltaic module under shading conditions is proposed. To simulate the output performance of halfcell PV module under shading conditions, the method is based on the single cell and combined with the series and parallel structure of the equivalent circuit. Finally, four different shading experiments are used to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. The average deviation between the measured values and the calculated power of the PV model is 2.42%, which proves that the method has high accuracy. In addition, the output performance of halfcell and fullcell PV module under different shading conditions is compared. The results show that halfcut PV module have more obvious advantages than fullcell module under most shading conditions.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yebin Cui, Jianbo Bai, Yunkun Tao, Yueting Huang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1154429133162537062, articleId=1154429039218516289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=CN, title=半片光伏组件阴影遮挡下性能模拟方法研究, columnId=null, journalTitle=可再生能源, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

光伏组件切片技术是提升光伏组件功率的一种有效方法,但结构的变化给研究复杂场景下光伏组件输出性能的建模带来一定的难度。文章提出了一种阴影遮挡场景下半片光伏组件性能模拟方法,该方法以单电池片为基础,结合等效电路的串并联结构,对阴影遮挡场景下半片组件的输出性能进行模拟;然后采用4种不同遮光实验来验证算法的准确性。通过对比模型计算功率与实测值,得到其平均偏差为2.42%,证明了该方法具有较高的精度。此外,文章还对半片与整片组件在不同遮挡场景下的输出性能进行了对比研究,结果表明,半片组件较整片组件在大部分阴影遮挡场景下具有较明显优势。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
白建波(1974-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为光伏电站数字化设计与性能仿真算法。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=inOkcWWYZTT7GRh9pkw+Wg==, magXml=Gbk/jFHEkJ4iakFMerzNSg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=jrOjnNjys1NFzLT8CCMjuw==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=dt11KV6xgE+cbIoefX97OQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=崔烨彬, 白建波, 陶云坤, 黄悦婷)}, authors=[Author(id=1154429134592794746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429134643126396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429134592794746, language=EN, stringName=Yebin Cui, firstName=Yebin, middleName=null, lastName=Cui, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429134722818173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429134592794746, language=CN, stringName=崔烨彬, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429134315970672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134408245361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134412439666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200)])]), Author(id=1154429134777344127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bai_jianbo@hhu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429134869618817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429134777344127, language=EN, stringName=Jianbo Bai, firstName=Jianbo, middleName=null, lastName=Bai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 College of Renewable Energy Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429134949310594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429134777344127, language=CN, stringName=白建波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 河海大学 新能源学院 江苏 常州 213200, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429134475354227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134479548532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134475354227, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Renewable Energy Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134483742837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134475354227, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 河海大学 新能源学院 江苏 常州 213200)])]), Author(id=1154429135016419460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429135079334022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429135016419460, language=EN, stringName=Yunkun Tao, firstName=Yunkun, middleName=null, lastName=Tao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Test and Identification Station Nanjing 210017 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429135171608711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429135016419460, language=CN, stringName=陶云坤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站 江苏 南京 210017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429134534074486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134542463095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134534074486, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Test and Identification Station Nanjing 210017 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134546657400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134534074486, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站 江苏 南京 210017)])]), Author(id=1154429135217746057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154429135330992267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429135217746057, language=EN, stringName=Yueting Huang, firstName=Yueting, middleName=null, lastName=Huang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154429135385518220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, authorId=1154429135217746057, language=CN, stringName=黄悦婷, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429134315970672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134408245361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134412439666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154429135700091022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=photovoltaic module), Keyword(id=1154429135763005583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=performance simulation), Keyword(id=1154429135855280274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=half-cell module), Keyword(id=1154429135914000533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=shading), Keyword(id=1154429135985303706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=光伏组件), Keyword(id=1154429136060801181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=性能模拟), Keyword(id=1154429136144687265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=半片组件), Keyword(id=1154429136199213219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=阴影遮挡)], refs=[Reference(id=1154429140078944470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=10, pageStart=1308, pageEnd=1313, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=李风雷, 尹璐, 赵吉, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李风雷, 尹璐, 赵吉, 等. 以能源转型推进“碳中和”的北欧经验借鉴与中国方案初探[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(10): 1308-1313., articleTitle=以能源转型推进“碳中和”的北欧经验借鉴与中国方案初探, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140141859032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=8, pageStart=1069, pageEnd=1077, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=王宇, 朱沈超, 陈芳斌, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王宇, 朱沈超, 陈芳斌, 等. 中国核电与可再生能源发电协调发展初探[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(8): 1069-1077., articleTitle=中国核电与可再生能源发电协调发展初探, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140196384987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=21, issue=7, pageStart=1954, pageEnd=1983, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Niknam T, MeymH Z, Mojarrad H D, journalName=European Transactions on Electrical Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Niknam T, MeymH Z, Mojarrad H D. A novel multi-objective fuzzy adaptive chaotic PSO algorithm for optimal operation management of distribution network with regard to fuel cell power plants[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power, 2011, 21(7): 1954-1983., articleTitle=A novel multi-objective fuzzy adaptive chaotic PSO algorithm for optimal operation management of distribution network with regard to fuel cell power plants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140271882460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=84, issue=7, pageStart=1301, pageEnd=1309, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Picault D, Raison B, Bacha S, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Picault D, Raison B, Bacha S, et al. Forecasting photovoltaic array power production subject to mismatch losses[J]. Solar Energy, 2010, 84(7): 1301-1309., articleTitle=Forecasting photovoltaic array power production subject to mismatch losses, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140355768542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=36, issue=5, pageStart=3069, pageEnd=3078, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Wang Y J, Hsu P C, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y J, Hsu P C. An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells[J]. Energy, 2011, 36(5): 3069-3078., articleTitle=An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140418683105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=97, issue=5, pageStart=39, pageEnd=47, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Formies E, Naranjo F B, Mazo M, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Formies E, Naranjo F B, Mazo M, et al. The influence of mismatch of solar cells on relative power loss of photovoltaic modules[J]. Solar Energy, 2013, 97(5): 39-47., articleTitle=The influence of mismatch of solar cells on relative power loss of photovoltaic modules, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140485791971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=39, issue=4, pageStart=398, pageEnd=402, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=翟载腾, 程晓舫, 丁金磊, journalName=中国科学技术大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=翟载腾, 程晓舫, 丁金磊, 等. 被部分遮挡的串联光伏组件输出性能[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2009, 39(4): 398-402., articleTitle=被部分遮挡的串联光伏组件输出性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140540317926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=196, issue=null, pageStart=228, pageEnd=242, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Winston D, Kumaravel S, Kumar B, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Winston D, Kumaravel S, Kumar B, et al. Performance improvement of solar PV array topologies during various partial shading conditions[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 196: 228-242., articleTitle=Performance improvement of solar PV array topologies during various partial shading conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140603232487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=23, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=王兆宇, 艾芊, journalName=电网技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王兆宇, 艾芊. 基于 QPSO与BPSO算法的动态微电网多目标优化自愈[J]. 电网技术, 2012, 36(10): 23-29., articleTitle=基于 QPSO与BPSO算法的动态微电网多目标优化自愈, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140661952745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=32, issue=15, pageStart=2579, pageEnd=2589, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Carrero C, Amador J, Arnaltes S, journalName=Renewable Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Carrero C, Amador J, Arnaltes S. A single procedure for helping PV designers to select silicon PV modules and evaluate the loss resistances[J]. Renewable Energy, 2007, 32(15): 2579-2589., articleTitle=A single procedure for helping PV designers to select silicon PV modules and evaluate the loss resistances, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140745838826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=39, issue=9, pageStart=11, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=郝玉哲, 白建波, 张臻, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郝玉哲, 白建波, 张臻, 等. 一种阴影情况下光伏组件输出性能的计算方法[J]. 可再生能源, 2012, 39(9): 11-15., articleTitle=一种阴影情况下光伏组件输出性能的计算方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140796170475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=23, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Wang Z, Qian A I, journalName=Power System Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Z, Qian A I. Multi-objective optimal self-healing of dynamic microgrid based on quantum-based PSO and binary PSO[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(10): 23-29., articleTitle=Multi-objective optimal self-healing of dynamic microgrid based on quantum-based PSO and binary PSO, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140842307820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=146, pageEnd=153, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Zhang J, He Z, Li H, journalName=Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang J, He Z, Li H, et al. Droop coordinated control and simulation based on islanded microgrid of dual energy storage[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2015, 36(1): 146-153., articleTitle=Droop coordinated control and simulation based on islanded microgrid of dual energy storage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140901028077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=23, issue=6, pageStart=526, pageEnd=536, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Liu X, Zhang P, Pimm A, journalName=The Journal of Energy Storage, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu X, Zhang P, Pimm A, et al. Optimal design and operation of PV-battery systems considering the interdependency of heat pumps[J]. The Journal of Energy Storage, 2019, 23(6): 526-536., articleTitle=Optimal design and operation of PV-battery systems considering the interdependency of heat pumps, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140947165422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=3, issue=3, pageStart=136, pageEnd=143, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Guo S, Singh J P, Peters I M, journalName=International Journal of Photoenergy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Guo S, Singh J P, Peters I M, et al. A quantitative analysis of photovoltaic modules using halved cells[J]. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2013, 3(3): 136-143., articleTitle=A quantitative analysis of photovoltaic modules using halved cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154429140989108463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=147, issue=5, pageStart=344, pageEnd=348, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Marion B, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Marion B. Numerical method for angle -of-incidence correction factors for diffuse radiation incident photovoltaic modules[J]. Solar Energy, 2017, 147(5): 344-348., articleTitle=Numerical method for angle -of-incidence correction factors for diffuse radiation incident photovoltaic modules, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154429139953115348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, awardId=2022YFB4201000, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4201000), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1154429139999252693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, awardId=51676063, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(51676063), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154429134315970672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134408245361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134412439666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134315970672, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154429134475354227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134479548532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134475354227, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Renewable Energy Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134483742837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134475354227, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 河海大学 新能源学院 江苏 常州 213200)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154429134534074486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134542463095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134534074486, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Test and Identification Station Nanjing 210017 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154429134546657400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, companyId=1154429134534074486, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站 江苏 南京 210017)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154429137906294957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Full cell and half-cell equivalent circuits, figureFileSmall=hyQ9VXzIddqG6CpG6ignTw==, figureFileBig=0i4fxgaryIz52XszYtxIkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429137973403822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=整片和半片电池片等效电路, figureFileSmall=hyQ9VXzIddqG6CpG6ignTw==, figureFileBig=0i4fxgaryIz52XszYtxIkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138036318383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Transfer of photogenerated current on the cell solder strip, figureFileSmall=ICcwoaifFcjKVhGQRDs+QQ==, figureFileBig=7FS9MBq/iEpt84opncuWsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138111815856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=光生电流在电池焊带上的传输, figureFileSmall=ICcwoaifFcjKVhGQRDs+QQ==, figureFileBig=7FS9MBq/iEpt84opncuWsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138191507633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Schematic diagram of the blocked cell, figureFileSmall=D/km7J23/y0brTtrqa2EXw==, figureFileBig=gD8cO08/fX3o6FLijkR8Iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138258616498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=被遮挡电池示意图, figureFileSmall=D/km7J23/y0brTtrqa2EXw==, figureFileBig=gD8cO08/fX3o6FLijkR8Iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138313142451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Cell that becomes a load, figureFileSmall=qmBs4MjckDLLzL6OJi8/uQ==, figureFileBig=c4MrCXOREIBRq6VXlGYF8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138413805748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=成为负载的电池片, figureFileSmall=qmBs4MjckDLLzL6OJi8/uQ==, figureFileBig=c4MrCXOREIBRq6VXlGYF8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138459943093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Modeling flowchart of half-cell components under shadow occlusion, figureFileSmall=9+cL3Do6cTlSOQmR/XY3Kw==, figureFileBig=iiHTfFPt+EId2okhmPF5jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138552217782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=半片组件在阴影遮挡下的建模流程图, figureFileSmall=9+cL3Do6cTlSOQmR/XY3Kw==, figureFileBig=iiHTfFPt+EId2okhmPF5jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138648686775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Schematic diagram of the experimental component circuit, figureFileSmall=8zoxcqwKdRYy9bb3obmCVg==, figureFileBig=B5srC8xoK4738rKcgjaA0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138732572858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=实验组件电路示意图, figureFileSmall=8zoxcqwKdRYy9bb3obmCVg==, figureFileBig=B5srC8xoK4738rKcgjaA0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138803876028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Field test equipment, figureFileSmall=xDkwZ1rJCafDJ/gWxHB8yw==, figureFileBig=+z+BaczIYLjcvpjXGAZO2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138866790591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=现场测试设备, figureFileSmall=xDkwZ1rJCafDJ/gWxHB8yw==, figureFileBig=+z+BaczIYLjcvpjXGAZO2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138929705152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Simulated and measured component output characteristics for scenario 1, figureFileSmall=FwTvnSjS23Zcdd2eDp5IVA==, figureFileBig=+F/B0DKYsCBbQ9C74WIsKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429138988425410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=方案 1 模拟和实测组件输出性能, figureFileSmall=FwTvnSjS23Zcdd2eDp5IVA==, figureFileBig=+F/B0DKYsCBbQ9C74WIsKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139068117188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Simulated and measured component output characteristics for scenario 2, figureFileSmall=PT63AMlVJsaysGMoLG+W+w==, figureFileBig=Xp2qGOw6dp7Hco6E3/AJRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139143614662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=方案 2 模拟和实测组件输出性能, figureFileSmall=PT63AMlVJsaysGMoLG+W+w==, figureFileBig=Xp2qGOw6dp7Hco6E3/AJRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139227500745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Simulated and measured component output characteristics for scenario 3, figureFileSmall=AEU7VlxsacLLQPhXUBlahw==, figureFileBig=fSiieMwrv8vXmxVV9g4utQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139286221003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 10, caption=方案 3 模拟和实测组件输出性能, figureFileSmall=AEU7VlxsacLLQPhXUBlahw==, figureFileBig=fSiieMwrv8vXmxVV9g4utQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139336552652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Scenario IV simulated and measured component output characteristics, figureFileSmall=ej6Y1pn+zpDbo4zj2IKS6A==, figureFileBig=/IRw0OgJAao4C1ExKbPlzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139386884301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=图 11, caption=方案 4 模拟和实测组件输出性能, figureFileSmall=ej6Y1pn+zpDbo4zj2IKS6A==, figureFileBig=/IRw0OgJAao4C1ExKbPlzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154429139483353294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Experimental component information, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组件类型 电池片数量/片 长 宽/mm 焊带数/根 二极管数/个
整片 360.5 9.71 9.13 47.89 39.48 72 ${156} \times {156}$ 9 3
半片 371 10.02 9.42 47.74 39.39 144 ${156} \times {156}$ 9 3
), ArticleFig(id=1154429139537879247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=实验组件信息, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组件类型 电池片数量/片 长 宽/mm 焊带数/根 二极管数/个
整片 360.5 9.71 9.13 47.89 39.48 72 ${156} \times {156}$ 9 3
半片 371 10.02 9.42 47.74 39.39 144 ${156} \times {156}$ 9 3
), ArticleFig(id=1154429139600793808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Experimental protocol, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方案 组别 方案 1 遮挡 方案 2 遮挡 方案 3 遮挡 方案 4 遮挡
第一组
$1 - 1$

2-1

$3 - 1$

4-1
第二组
$1 - 2$

$2 - 2$

$3 - 2$

4-2
第三组 注:方案 1-1 中第三 个电池串中 1 片整 片电池片被遮挡 50%;其余都是 1 片 或几片半片/整片电 池片被遮挡 100%。
2-3

4-3
), ArticleFig(id=1154429139659514065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=实验方案, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方案 组别 方案 1 遮挡 方案 2 遮挡 方案 3 遮挡 方案 4 遮挡
第一组
$1 - 1$

2-1

$3 - 1$

4-1
第二组
$1 - 2$

$2 - 2$

$3 - 2$

4-2
第三组 注:方案 1-1 中第三 个电池串中 1 片整 片电池片被遮挡 50%;其余都是 1 片 或几片半片/整片电 池片被遮挡 100%。
2-3

4-3
), ArticleFig(id=1154429139735011538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Simulated and measured results of different experimental schemes, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实验方案
$1 - 1$ 237.62 241.57 34.08 32.99 1.64
1-2 249.73 242.37 36.00 34.68 3.14
2-1 237.63 240.61 34.08 33.41 1.24
$2 - 2$ 249.73 242.78 36.00 34.57 2.86
2-3 240.22 242.14 35.11 34.74 0.80
$3 - 1$ 108.42 111.43 69.92 69.09 2.70
3-2 196.04 205.27 50.29 44.68 4.50
4-1 10.96 10.75 96.96 97.02 2.03
4-2 191.18 193.74 48.41 47.78 1.32
4-3 18.19 17.43 95.10 95.30 4.26
), ArticleFig(id=1154429139789537491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154429039218516289, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=不同实验方案模拟和实测结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实验方案
$1 - 1$ 237.62 241.57 34.08 32.99 1.64
1-2 249.73 242.37 36.00 34.68 3.14
2-1 237.63 240.61 34.08 33.41 1.24
$2 - 2$ 249.73 242.78 36.00 34.57 2.86
2-3 240.22 242.14 35.11 34.74 0.80
$3 - 1$ 108.42 111.43 69.92 69.09 2.70
3-2 196.04 205.27 50.29 44.68 4.50
4-1 10.96 10.75 96.96 97.02 2.03
4-2 191.18 193.74 48.41 47.78 1.32
4-3 18.19 17.43 95.10 95.30 4.26
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146118781765529606, delFlag=0, nameCn=可再生能源, nameEn=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-5292, eissn=, cn=21-1469/TK, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Renew Energy Res, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1755588886026, createdBy=null, updatedBy=15831073675, firstLetterCn=R, firstLetterEn=R, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, picEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1164587454112678277, language=CN, name=可再生能源, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://kzsny.com/, createdTime=1755588886049, updatedTime=1755588886049, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/PromptPageInfo.aspx?t=v&c=1, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1164587454167204230, language=EN, name=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1755588886062, updatedTime=1755588886062, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146119893612605453, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202370429360, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112772, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519535151, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=可再生能源, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148619523667816493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781834761, updateTime=1751781834761, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523642650666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781834755, updateTime=1751781834755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523634262057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1751781834753, updateTime=1751781834753, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523659427884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781834759, updateTime=1751781834759, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523651039275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781834757, updateTime=1751781834757, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155908164001353748, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753519582037, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519582037, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Renewable Energy Resources, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155908456914739359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753519651869, updateTime=1753519651869, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456893767836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753519651864, updateTime=1753519651864, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456885379227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1753519651862, updateTime=1753519651862, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456906350750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753519651867, updateTime=1753519651867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456902156445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753519651866, updateTime=1753519651866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=可再生能源, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Renewable Energy Resources, journalPhotoCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPhotoEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, journalFirstLetter=R, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/Y2024/V42/I3/331, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/Y2024/V42/I3/331, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I3/331, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/PDF/Y2024/V42/I3/331, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
半片光伏组件阴影遮挡下性能模拟方法研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
崔烨彬 1 , 白建波 2 , 陶云坤 3 , 黄悦婷 1
可再生能源 | 2024,42(3): 331-339
收起
收藏切换
可再生能源 | 2024, 42(3): 331-339
半片光伏组件阴影遮挡下性能模拟方法研究
全屏
崔烨彬1, 白建波2 , 陶云坤3, 黄悦婷1
作者信息
  • 1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200
  • 2 河海大学 新能源学院 江苏 常州 213200
  • 3 江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站 江苏 南京 210017

通讯作者:

白建波(1974-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为光伏电站数字化设计与性能仿真算法。E-mail:
Performance simulation method of half-cell PV module under shadow shading
Yebin Cui1, Jianbo Bai2 , Yunkun Tao3, Yueting Huang1
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China
  • 2 College of Renewable Energy Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China
  • 3 Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Test and Identification Station Nanjing 210017 China
出版时间: 2024-03-20
文章导航
收藏切换

光伏组件切片技术是提升光伏组件功率的一种有效方法,但结构的变化给研究复杂场景下光伏组件输出性能的建模带来一定的难度。文章提出了一种阴影遮挡场景下半片光伏组件性能模拟方法,该方法以单电池片为基础,结合等效电路的串并联结构,对阴影遮挡场景下半片组件的输出性能进行模拟;然后采用4种不同遮光实验来验证算法的准确性。通过对比模型计算功率与实测值,得到其平均偏差为2.42%,证明了该方法具有较高的精度。此外,文章还对半片与整片组件在不同遮挡场景下的输出性能进行了对比研究,结果表明,半片组件较整片组件在大部分阴影遮挡场景下具有较明显优势。

光伏组件  /  性能模拟  /  半片组件  /  阴影遮挡

The photovoltaic (PV) module slicing technology is an effective method to improve the module power, but the change of the structure brings some difficulties to the modeling of PV module output performance under complex situations. In this paper, a performance simulation method for halfcell photovoltaic module under shading conditions is proposed. To simulate the output performance of halfcell PV module under shading conditions, the method is based on the single cell and combined with the series and parallel structure of the equivalent circuit. Finally, four different shading experiments are used to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. The average deviation between the measured values and the calculated power of the PV model is 2.42%, which proves that the method has high accuracy. In addition, the output performance of halfcell and fullcell PV module under different shading conditions is compared. The results show that halfcut PV module have more obvious advantages than fullcell module under most shading conditions.

photovoltaic module  /  performance simulation  /  half-cell module  /  shading
崔烨彬, 白建波, 陶云坤, 黄悦婷. 半片光伏组件阴影遮挡下性能模拟方法研究. 可再生能源, 2024 , 42 (3) : 331 -339 .
Yebin Cui, Jianbo Bai, Yunkun Tao, Yueting Huang. Performance simulation method of half-cell PV module under shadow shading[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024 , 42 (3) : 331 -339 .
随着全球性化石能源大量使用, 环境污染及气候变暖等问题日益严峻,大力发展可再生能源已成为全球热点。得益于太阳能储量无限、无污染和不受地域限制等优势, 光伏发电作为可再生能源中的佼佼者,在全球得到快速推广 [ 1 , 2 ] 。随着光伏行业新技术的不断发展与“碳中和”时代的到来, 光伏电站提升效率和降低成本是光伏行业关注的两个主要方向。组件切片技术能有效提升光伏组件功率, 半片光伏组件已逐渐替代整片组件成为光伏市场上的主流 [ 3 ]
模拟失配情况下光伏组件的输出性能是当前光伏数字化领域研究的热点之一, 该研究为进一步提高光伏电站的运行效率提供了参考依据。 目前针对该问题的研究主要有机理分析和试验研究两种方法 [ 4 ] 。Wang Y J [ 5 ] 使用牛顿迭代法分析了光伏组件在不同连接配置方案和阴影遮挡情况下的 $I - V$ 特性,以旁路二极管保护串为基本单位, 根据组串电压采用分段函数的方法计算求解。Formies E [ 6 ] 研究了太阳能电池通过串联方式组成的光伏组件出现失配损失的问题。翟载腾 [ 7 ] 提出了采用分段函数描述被部分遮挡的光伏阵列输出性能的方法, 该方法能较精确地模拟部分组件被遮挡时串联阵列的输出性能。Winston D [ 8 ] 在现有阵列结构的基础上, 提出了一种新的光伏阵列拓扑结构来提高局部阴影遮挡下光伏阵列的输出性能, 改进后的全交叉连接结构在局部阴影遮挡下具有明显功率提升。以上方法能计算出阴影遮挡情况下常规组件的输出性能, 但存在求解不收敛或者计算量大的问题;同时因半片光伏组件内部电路与整片组件有较大的不同, 增加了在阴影遮挡时半片组件电力输出性能建模难度。
本文提出了一种阴影遮挡情况下半片光伏组件性能模拟方法, 该方法能够准确并快捷地计算半片组件的电力输出性能。根据流经半片组件的电流对被遮挡电池及其所在电池串的输出电流进行分析;结合旁路二极管的伏安特性,判断旁路二极管导通状态, 计算出半片组件在阴影遮挡情况下的输出性能。此外,本文针对半片和整片组件在相同遮挡场景下的输出性能进行了 4 组对照实验并分析。经过实验验证,本文提出的方法能够精确计算半片组件在阴影遮挡情况下电力输出。
常规的组件通常由 60/72 片整片电池串联在一起, 电池切片后, 采用串并联 60/72 片电池来保持电压恒定和电流恒定, 整片电池片等效电路和电池串一侧半片电池片等效电路如 图 1 所示 [ 9 ]
图中: ${R}_{\mathrm{r},\mathrm{{full}}}$ 为整片电池电路的焊带电阻; ${R}_{\mathrm{r},\mathrm{{half}}}$ 为半片电池电路的焊带电阻。
根据文献 [ 10 ] ,由电池的 5 参数 (光生电流、 等效二极管反向饱和电流、二极管理想因子、串联电阻和并联电阻) 可得到每一个半片太阳能电池的 $I - V$ 曲线 [ 11 ]
$ I ={I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}- {I}_{\mathrm{o}}\left({{\mathrm{e}}^{\left(\frac{V + I{R}_{\mathrm{s}}}{{N}_{\mathrm{s}}\cdot \frac{{\gamma K}{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}}\right)} - 1}\right)- \frac{V + I{R}_{\mathrm{s}}}{{R}_{\mathrm{{sh}}}}$
式中: ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}$ 为光生电流, $\mathrm{A};{I}_{\mathrm{o}}$ 为等效二极管反向饱和电流, $\mathrm{A};{R}_{\mathrm{{sh}}}$ 为并联电阻, $\Omega ;{R}_{\mathrm{s}}$ 为串联电阻, $\Omega$ ; $K$ 为玻尔兹曼常数,取 ${1.38}\times {10}^{-{23}}\mathrm{\;J}/\mathrm{K};q$ 为电荷数,取 ${1.6}\times {10}^{-{19}}\mathrm{C};{T}_{\mathrm{c}}$ 为电池片温度,取 ${298.15}\mathrm{\;K};I$ 为太阳能电池的工作电流, $\mathrm{A};V$ 为太阳能电池的工作电压, $\mathrm{V};{N}_{\mathrm{S}}$ 为电池片数量,片。
将半片光伏组件的 5 个参数转换到代表每一个半片太阳能电池电特性的 5 参数。电池片内的电流与电池片面积 $A$ 成正比, ${A}_{\text{full }}$${A}_{\text{half }}$ 分别代表整片和半片电池的面积。将整片电池的面积减半,半片单电池片的 ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}$${I}_{\mathrm{o}}$ 分别为
${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},\text{ half }}= \frac{1}{2}{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},\text{ full }}$
${I}_{\mathrm{o},\text{ half }}= \frac{1}{2}{I}_{\mathrm{o},\text{ full }}$
式中: ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},\mathrm{{half}}},{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},\mathrm{{full}}}$ 分别为半片组件、整片组件光生电流, $\mathrm{A};{I}_{\mathrm{o},\text{ half }},{I}_{\mathrm{o},\text{ full }}$ 分别为半片组件、整片组件饱和电流, $\mathrm{A}$
电池片里的电阻都是并联关系, 将整片电池的面积减半也意味着组件并联电阻 ${R}_{\text{sh }}$ 和串联电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{s}}$ 增加 1 倍,每一个半片太阳能电池电特性的串、并联电阻为
${R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},\text{ half }}= \frac{2}{{N}_{\mathrm{S}}}{R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},\text{ full }}$
${R}_{\mathrm{s},\text{ half }}= \frac{2}{{N}_{\mathrm{S}}}{R}_{\mathrm{s},\text{ full }}$
式中: ${R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},\mathrm{{half}}},{R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},\mathrm{{full}}}$ 分别为半片组件、整片组件并联电阻, $\Omega ;{R}_{\mathrm{s},\mathrm{{half}}},{R}_{\mathrm{s},\mathrm{{full}}}$ 分别为半片组件、整片组件串联电阻, $\Omega$
同时二极管理想因子 $\gamma$ 的关系为
${\gamma }_{\text{half }}= {\gamma }_{\text{full }}$
式中: ${\gamma }_{\text{half }},{\gamma }_{\text{full }}$ 分别为半片组件、整片组件二极管理想因子。
电池片封装成组件会产生损失, 但因整片组件或者半片组件在封装材料上没有区别, 可以认为光学损失一致 [ 12 ] ,所以本文重点讨论电阻损耗。
电阻损耗是由通过栅线的电流引起的, 为 ${I}^{2}R$ ,电流减半意味着理论上电阻损耗会降低到原来的 $1/4$ 。组件的电阻损耗包括电池片的串联电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{c}}$ 和焊带电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{r}}$ 两个部分 [ 13 , 14 ]
整片组件电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{{mm}}\left(\mathrm{{full}}\right)}$ [ 15 ]
${R}_{\mathrm{{mm}}\left(\text{full}\right)} ={R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\text{full}\right)} +{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full}\right)} $
对于半分片组件,分割片数为 2,由于 $n$ 个半分片串联在一起,因此切片组件的电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{{mm}}\left(\mathrm{{cut}}\right)}$ [ 15 ]
${R}_{\mathrm{{mm}}\left(\mathrm{{cut}}\right)} = n\left({{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\mathrm{{cut}}\right)} +{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\mathrm{{cut}}\right)}}\right)= n\left({n{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\mathrm{{full}}\right)} +\frac{1}{n}{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\mathrm{{full}}\right)}}\right)= \\{n}^{2}{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\text{full }\right)} +{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full }\right)} $
通过每个分割部分的电流为原来整片电池的 $1/n$ ,切片组件的功率损耗 ${P}_{\text{loss(cut)}}$ [ 15 ]
${P}_{\text{loss(cut)}}= {\left(\frac{I}{n}\right)}^{2}\left({{n}^{2}{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\text{full }\right)} +{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full }\right)}}\right)= {I}^{2}\left({{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\text{full }\right)} +\frac{1}{{n}^{2}}{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full }\right)}}\right)$
整片组件的功率损耗 ${P}_{\text{loss(full)}}$ [ 15 ]
${P}_{\text{loss(full)}}= {I}^{2}\left({{R}_{\mathrm{c}\left(\text{full }\right)} +{R}_{\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full }\right)}}\right)$
从式(7) $\sim$ (10)可以看出,切片组件电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{c}}$ 引起的功率损耗保持不变, 功率损耗的降低主要来自于 ${R}_{\mathrm{r}}$ ,功率损耗率 ${De}$ [ 15 ]
${De}= \frac{{P}_{R\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full}\right)} -{P}_{R\mathrm{r}\left(\text{cut}\right)}}{{P}_{R\mathrm{r}\left(\text{full}\right)}}= 1 -\frac{1}{{n}^{2}}$
式(7)~(11)中: $n$ 为分割片数; ${P}_{\text{loss }}$ 为电阻功率损耗, 下标 full 表示整片组件, 下标 cut 表示切片组件, $\mathrm{W};{P}_{R\mathrm{r}\left(\mathrm{{full}}\right)},{P}_{R\mathrm{r}\left(\mathrm{{cut}}\right)}$ 分别为整片焊带电阻、半片焊带电阻的功率损耗, W。
因此,计算功率损耗率 ${De}$ 需求解焊带电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{r}}$ 的值。从式(11)可知,如果将太阳能电池切成 $n$ 个部分,则每个部分中的功率损耗将以 $1/{n}^{2}$ 的比例缩放。对于切片组件, $n = 2$ ,焊带电阻减小对功率损耗的贡献为 $1/4$ ,也就是说,焊带电阻导致的功率损耗减少 75%。
焊带结构如 图 2 所示。
顶端 $x$ 位置处的电流为 [ 15 ]
${I}_{\text{top }}= {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}\frac{x}{L}$
式中: ${I}_{\text{top }}$ 为流过整片电池顶部电流, $\mathrm{A};x$ 为位置坐标, $\mathrm{{cm}};L$ 为整个焊带长度, ${\mathrm{{cm}}}_{0}$
同样,底部焊带 $x$ 位置处的电流为 [ 15 ]
${I}_{\text{bottom }}= {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}\left({1 -\frac{x}{L}}\right)$
式中: ${I}_{\text{bottom }}$ 为流过整片电池的底部电流, ${\mathrm{A}}_{\circ }$
因此,顶部焊带的功率损耗 ${P}_{\text{loss_top }}$ [ 15 ]
${P}_{\text{loss }\text{_top }}= {\int }_{0}^{L}{\left({I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}\frac{x}{L}\right)}^{2}r\mathrm{\;d}x =\frac{{rL}{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}}{3}$
同理,底部焊带的功率损耗 ${P}_{\text{loss_bottom }}$$\frac{{rL}{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}^{2}}{3}$
因此,每片电池的 ${P}_{\text{loss }}$$\frac{{2rL}{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}^{2}}{3}= {I}^{2}{R}_{\mathrm{r}}$ ,可得到组件焊带电阻 ${R}_{\mathrm{r}}$ [ 15 ]
${R}_{\mathrm{r}}= \frac{{2r}{L}_{\mathrm{{bb}}}}{3{N}_{\mathrm{{bb}}}}$
式中: $r$ 为焊带每单位长度上的电阻率, $\Omega /\mathrm{{cm}};{L}_{\mathrm{{bb}}}$ 为每片电池的焊带长度, $\mathrm{{cm}};{N}_{\mathrm{{bb}}}$ 为焊带根数。
根据半片太阳能电池上阴影遮挡的比例可以修正 5 参数中的光生电流, 因为阴影对太阳能电池的影响主要是受光率, 所以受阴影遮挡半片太阳能电池的光生电流为
${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}\text{,遮挡电池}}= s \cdot {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}\text{,半片电池}}$
式中: $s$ 为遮挡比例系数,最小为 0,最大为 1。
阴影遮挡面积越大,系数 $s$ 越小,表示此太阳能电池的 ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}$ 越小。将受阴影遮挡电池的 5 参数分别代入式(1)中,得到每一个半片光伏电池的 $I - V$ 曲线。
为分析光伏组件在部分遮光条件下的输出性能,本文做出以下假设,如 图 3 所示。
$n$ 串电池组,每串电池组并联 1 个旁路二级管正向导通。其中 1 号电池串中的电池 1-1 被遮挡,由于光电流与太阳辐照度成正比,因此 1-1 号电池的光电流将小于 1 号电池串中其他电池的光电流, 各电池串中的电池电流关系为
${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}< {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 2}\approx \cdots {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - i}\cdots \approx {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - m}$
式中: ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}$ 为 1 号电池串中 1 号电池的光生电流, $\mathrm{A}$ ; 下标 $1 - i\left({i = 1 \sim m}\right)$ 表示 1 号电池串中第 $i$ 号电池, $i \geq 1$
光伏组件的输出电流受外部负载的影响 [ 16 ] 。 根据 1-1 号电池的光生电流 ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}$ 和电池串输出电流 $I$ 的关系,光伏组件输出电压主要分为以下两种情况。
①当 $0 \leq I \leq {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}$ 时,外部负载较大,流过组件的电流小。受阴影遮挡的电池可以正常输出功率, 旁路二极管处于截止状态。由于 1 号电池串中的其他电池没有受阴影遮挡, 光伏电池的参数几乎相同, 因此 1 号电池串的电压可通过式 (1) 推导得出:
${V}_{1}= {V}_{1 - 1}+ {V}_{1 - 2}+ \cdots +{V}_{1 - m}= {V}_{1 - 1}+ \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 2}}^{m}{V}_{1 - i}= \\{N}_{s}\cdot \frac{{\gamma }_{1 - 1}K{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}\ln \left({\frac{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}- I}{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}1 - 1}}+ 1}\right)- I{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}+ \\\left({m - 1}\right)\left\lbrack {{N}_{\mathrm{s}}\cdot \frac{{\gamma K}{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}\ln \left({\frac{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}- I}{{I}_{\mathrm{o}}}+ 1}\right)- I{R}_{\mathrm{s}}}\right\rbrack $
式中: ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}$$1 - 1$ 号电池的光生电流, $\mathrm{A};{I}_{\mathrm{o},1 - 1}$ 为 1-1 号电池的饱和电流, $\mathrm{A};{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}$ 为 1-1 号电池的串联电阻, $\Omega ;{R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},1 - 1}$$1 - 1$ 号电池的并联电阻, $\Omega$ ; ${\gamma }_{1 - 1}$ 为 1-1 号电池的二极管理想因子,其余电池参数默认一致。
② 当 ${I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}\leq I \leq {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - i}\left({i = 2 \sim m}\right)$ 时,流过 1-1 号受阴影遮挡的电池的电流大于该电池产生的光生电流, 1-1 号电池产生反向偏置, 此时将有一部分与光电流方向相反的电流流过 $\mathrm{P}- \mathrm{N}$ 结二极管和电阻,如 图 4 所示。
由于在一定反向电压范围内流过 $\mathrm{P}- \mathrm{N}$ 结二极管的电流仅为 ${10}^{-1}\mathrm{\;{mA}}$ 量级,可忽略不计,因此 1-1 号电池的电压为
${V}_{1 - 1}= -\left({I -{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}}\right){R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},1 - 1}- I{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}$
此时, 1 号电池串的电压为
${V}_{1}= {V}_{1 - 1}+ {V}_{1 - 2}+ \cdots +{V}_{1 - m}= {V}_{1 - 1}+ \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 2}}^{m}{V}_{1 - i}= \\- \left({I -{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}}\right){R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},1 - 1}- I{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}+ \\\left({m - 1}\right)\left\lbrack {{N}_{\mathrm{s}}\cdot \frac{{\gamma K}{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}\ln \left({\frac{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}- I}{{I}_{\mathrm{o}}}+ 1}\right)- I{R}_{\mathrm{s}}}\right\rbrack $
如果电池串电压大于旁路二极管的阈值 ${V}_{\mathrm{{bd}}}$ (硅为 ${0.7}\mathrm{\;V}$ ),旁路二极管将处于导通状态。当旁路二极管正向导通后, 假设旁路二极管电压恒定, 当 ${V}_{1}< -{V}_{\mathrm{{bd}}}$ 时,流经电池串的电流恒定使其电压等于旁路二极管的正向电压,此时 ${V}_{1}$
${V}_{1}\approx -{V}_{\mathrm{{bd}}}= {0.7}\mathrm{\;V}$
因此,当 1 号电池串中的 1-1 号电池被遮挡时,被二极管保护的 1 号电池串的 $I - V$ 方程为
${V}_{1}= \left\{\begin{array}{ll}{N}_{s}\cdot \frac{{\gamma }_{1 - 1}K{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}\ln \left({\frac{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}- I}{{I}_{\mathrm{o},1 - 1}}+ 1}\right)- I{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}+ \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 2}}^{m}{V}_{1 - i}& \text{ if }\left({0 \leq I \leq {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}}\right)\\- \left({I -{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}}\right){R}_{\mathrm{{sh}},1 - 1}- I{R}_{\mathrm{s},1 - 1}+ \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 2}}^{m}{V}_{1 - i}& \text{ if }\left({{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}\leq I \leq {I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}\&{V}_{1}> -{V}_{\text{bd }}}\right)\\- {V}_{\text{bd }}& \text{ if }\left({{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}},1 - 1}\leq I \leq {I}_{\text{ph }}\&{V}_{1}< -{V}_{\text{bd }}}\right)\\& \end{array}\right.$
其中,
$\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 2}}^{m}{V}_{1 - i}= \left({m - 1}\right)\left\lbrack {{N}_{\mathrm{s}}\cdot \frac{{\gamma K}{T}_{\mathrm{c}}}{q}\ln \left({\frac{{I}_{\mathrm{{ph}}}- I}{{I}_{\mathrm{o}}}+ 1}\right)- I{R}_{\mathrm{s}}}\right\rbrack $
式中: ${V}_{1}$ 为 1 号电池串的电压, $\mathrm{V};{V}_{1 - i}\left({i = 1 \sim m}\right)$ 为 1 号电池串中 $i$ 号电池的输出电压, ${\mathrm{V}}_{0}$
基于上述阴影失配条件半片组件输出性能的计算模型,本文提出了一种阴影遮挡场景下半片光伏组件性能模拟方法, 该方法根据半片太阳能电池上阴影遮挡的比例, 修正了半片组件中电池片的 5 参数并带入光伏组件特性输出方程, 因此能够准确、快捷地计算出半片组件的电力输出性能。建模流程见 图 5
本实验中, 采用上述模型方法模拟在不同遮挡场景下组件的输出特性。模拟实际情况,选择相同工艺的电池,一部分制作成整片组件,一部分组件进行切片处理, 制作成半片组件, 在相同的遮挡场景下测试其输出。组件铭牌参数见 表 1
光伏组件电路示意图见 图 6
图 6(a)可知, 整片组件由 3 个电池串和 3 个旁路二极管组成, 共 72 个整片电池片串联, 其中每个电池串有 24 个整片电池片同时并联 1 个旁路二极管。
图 6(b)可知, 半片组件的内部结构由上侧和下侧并联组成, 上、下侧均由 3 个电池串和 3 个共用旁路二极管组成, 每一侧共 72 个半片电池片串联, 其中每个电池串有 24 片半片电池片和 1 个共用旁路二极管。
实验平台如 图 7 所示。
被测试的光伏组件安装在固定支架上。利用德国 PASAN POWER 的太阳能模拟器, 在标准测试条件(STC)[辐照度 ${1000}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ 、环境温度( ${25}\pm$ 2)℃和光谱 AM1.5]下,利用黑色的 00817PVC 板材遮挡光伏组件中的电池位置。实验使用的 87715D 在线式光伏组件测试模块内部采用切换开关将被测组件隔离,进行快速 $I - V$ 测试,测试完毕重新串联被测组件, 测试过程中不影响组串正常发电,通过 RS485 总线组网形成系统,既可选择光伏阵列中多个组件进行同步测试, 也可指定单个组件进行单独测试。
在遮光面积相同的条件下, 本文设计了 4 种遮光对比方案, 探究部分遮光场景对于光伏组件输出性能的影响。由于半片组件内部结构不同于整片组件, 本文在方案 2 和方案 4 中均添加第三组对照组,研究阴影方向对组件输出性能的影响, 具体方案内容见 表 2
为了进一步验证所提方法的准确性, 本文定义了最大功率点的相对偏差为
${\delta }_{{P}_{\max }}= \frac{\left|{P}_{\max ,\mathrm{{ca}}}- {P}_{\max ,\mathrm{{me}}}\right|}{{P}_{\max ,\mathrm{{me}}}}\times {100}\%$
式中: ${\delta }_{{P}_{\max }}$ 为最大功率点的相对偏差; ${P}_{\max ,\mathrm{{ca}}}$ 为实测最大功率点的功率, $\mathrm{W};{P}_{\mathrm{{max}},\mathrm{{me}}}$ 为模拟最大功率点的功率, $\mathrm{W}$
一般情况下, 旁路二极管并联在电池串两端, 避免光伏组件受到较高的正向偏压或光伏组件因为 “热斑效应”发热而损坏。本文测试的整片和半片光伏组件均有 3 个旁路二极管。当光伏组件中某个电池串被阴影遮挡或出现故障而停止发电时,该电池串并联的二极管两端形成正向偏压,二极管为保护电池串由正常工作时的截止状态转为导通状态,因此组件输出呈多峰值形状的 $I - V$$P - V$ 特性曲线。
表 2 方案下实测和模拟的最大功率点的数据结果见 表 3
表中: ${P}_{\mathrm{{loss}},\mathrm{{ca}}}$ 为实测的遮挡下功率和未遮挡功率的占比; ${P}_{\mathrm{{loss}},\mathrm{{me}}}$ 为计算出的遮挡下功率和未遮挡功率的占比,用来评估因遮挡导致的功率损失。
表 3 中最大功率点的相对偏差 ${\delta }_{{P}_{\max }}$ 可知, 最大功率点的平均偏差为 2.42%,最大偏差为 4.5%,最小相对偏差为 0.80%, 证明本文方法模型具有较高的准确性。
根据 表 3 实验和模拟的数据结果, 绘制了 4 种方案下被测光伏组件的 $I - V$$P - V$ 输出性能曲线。4 种方案各包含两组或三组实验,第一组实验均为整片组件, 第二组和第三组实验均为半片组件。
方案 1 的模拟与实验对比如 图 8 所示。
图 8 可知, 当第三个电池串中的电池片被阴影遮挡时, 保护该电池串的 1 个旁路二极管从非导通状态转换为导通状态, 该电池串被旁路二极管短路导致无法正常输出功率。分析方案 1-1 和方案 1-2 两组实验最大功率点,整片组件和半片组件中的第一个和第二个电池串均正常工作, 第三个电池串被短路无法正常工作, 此时整片组件损失功率为 32.99%,半片组件损失功率为 34.68%。
方案 2 的模拟与实验对比如 图 9 所示。
为研究半片组件受到来自不同方向的阴影遮挡时对组件发电性能的影响, 在方案 2 中增加方案 2-3 实验作为对照。
图 9(b)可得,方案 2-2 实验的 $P - V$ 特性曲线存在两个较为接近的极值点。分析可知, 随着负载和遮挡比例的变化,二极管将正向偏置,组件在二极管截止的状态工作, 以另一种方式输出半片电池的功率, 因此在第二组实验中出现第二个极值点。
方案 3 的模拟与实验对比如 图 10 所示。
方案 3 是为了深入分析遮挡电池串数量对组件输出性能的影响, 研究当两个旁路二极管内的电池串受到来自同侧的阴影遮挡时,对 $I - V$$P -$ $V$ 输出性能的影响。
图 10 (b)可知,当两个二极管内电池都受到阴影遮挡时,方案 3-2 半片组件的 $P - V$ 曲线中右侧极值点为最大功率值点,与 图 9(b)中右侧极值点出现原因类似, 组件在二极管截止的状态工作, 以另一种方式输出半片电池的功率。对比方案 3-1 和方案 3-2 在相同遮挡场景下整片组件和半片组件的输出性能,半片组件功率损失值为44.68%,相比整片组件获得了 24.41%的功率增益。
增加方案 4 来进一步研究不同方向的阴影遮挡对半片组件输出性能的影响。方案 4 的模拟与实验对比如 图 11 所示。
图 11(b) 可知,方案 4-2 半片组件的 $P - V$ 曲线极大值点远大于方案 4-1 和方案 4-3 组件的极大值点。虽然第二组半片组件下侧的 3 串电池串均受到阴影遮挡,但 3 个二极管仍然处于正向偏置状态,以另一种形式输出功率。此时方案 4-2 半片组件的功率损失为 48.41%, 而方案 4-1 整片组件几乎不能工作, 进一步证明了在大部分阴影遮挡场景下,半片组件相比整片组件具有更好的抗阴影遮挡能力。半片组件因为独特的串并联电路设计, 减少了组件在阴影遮挡场景下的功率损耗, 特别是当阴影集中在一侧时, 并联子串的设计能够提升组件在阴影遮挡场景下的输出性能。由 图 8 ~11 可以看出,模拟与实验的曲线非常接近,证明了本文模型具有较高的精度。
半片组件已经逐渐替代整片组件成为当前主流的组件技术,但半片组件性能研究还比较缺乏。 为了进一步验证半片组件在输出性能方面的优势, 本文提出了一种阴影遮挡场景下半片光伏组件性能模拟的方法, 得出如下结论。
①在阴影遮挡场景下该模拟方法的计算功率值与实测值的平均偏差为 2.42%,证明了该模拟方法具有较高的精度。
②半片光伏组件在大部分阴影遮挡场景下功率损失相比整片更低,其抗阴影遮挡性能更优,主要原因在于旁路二极管的保护作用和半片组件独特的串并联电路设计能够降低组件在阴影遮挡情况下的功率损耗。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4201000)
  • 国家自然科学基金(51676063)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
李风雷, 尹璐, 赵吉, 等. 以能源转型推进“碳中和”的北欧经验借鉴与中国方案初探[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(10): 1308-1313.
[2]
王宇, 朱沈超, 陈芳斌, 等. 中国核电与可再生能源发电协调发展初探[J]. 可再生能源, 2021, 39(8): 1069-1077.
[3]
Niknam T, MeymH Z, Mojarrad H D. A novel multi-objective fuzzy adaptive chaotic PSO algorithm for optimal operation management of distribution network with regard to fuel cell power plants[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power, 2011, 21(7): 1954-1983.
[4]
Picault D, Raison B, Bacha S, et al. Forecasting photovoltaic array power production subject to mismatch losses[J]. Solar Energy, 2010, 84(7): 1301-1309.
[5]
Wang Y J, Hsu P C. An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells[J]. Energy, 2011, 36(5): 3069-3078.
[6]
Formies E, Naranjo F B, Mazo M, et al. The influence of mismatch of solar cells on relative power loss of photovoltaic modules[J]. Solar Energy, 2013, 97(5): 39-47.
[7]
翟载腾, 程晓舫, 丁金磊, 等. 被部分遮挡的串联光伏组件输出性能[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2009, 39(4): 398-402.
[8]
Winston D, Kumaravel S, Kumar B, et al. Performance improvement of solar PV array topologies during various partial shading conditions[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 196: 228-242.
[9]
王兆宇, 艾芊. 基于 QPSO与BPSO算法的动态微电网多目标优化自愈[J]. 电网技术, 2012, 36(10): 23-29.
[10]
Carrero C, Amador J, Arnaltes S. A single procedure for helping PV designers to select silicon PV modules and evaluate the loss resistances[J]. Renewable Energy, 2007, 32(15): 2579-2589.
[11]
郝玉哲, 白建波, 张臻, 等. 一种阴影情况下光伏组件输出性能的计算方法[J]. 可再生能源, 2012, 39(9): 11-15.
[12]
Wang Z, Qian A I. Multi-objective optimal self-healing of dynamic microgrid based on quantum-based PSO and binary PSO[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(10): 23-29.
[13]
Zhang J, He Z, Li H, et al. Droop coordinated control and simulation based on islanded microgrid of dual energy storage[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2015, 36(1): 146-153.
[14]
Liu X, Zhang P, Pimm A, et al. Optimal design and operation of PV-battery systems considering the interdependency of heat pumps[J]. The Journal of Energy Storage, 2019, 23(6): 526-536.
[15]
Guo S, Singh J P, Peters I M, et al. A quantitative analysis of photovoltaic modules using halved cells[J]. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2013, 3(3): 136-143.
[16]
Marion B. Numerical method for angle -of-incidence correction factors for diffuse radiation incident photovoltaic modules[J]. Solar Energy, 2017, 147(5): 344-348.
2024年第42卷第3期
PDF下载
241
117
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2023-03-22
  • 首发时间:2025-07-22
  • 出版时间:2024-03-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-22
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4201000)
国家自然科学基金(51676063)
作者信息
    1 河海大学 机电工程学院 江苏 常州 213200
    2 河海大学 新能源学院 江苏 常州 213200
    3 江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站 江苏 南京 210017

通讯作者:

白建波(1974-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为光伏电站数字化设计与性能仿真算法。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/1154429039218516289
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏