Article(id=1154428864089547199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154428861249998924, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1691424000000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753166889449, onlineDateStr=2025-07-22, pubDate=1729353600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753166889449, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753166889449, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753166889449, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154428861249998924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2024', volume='42', issue='10', pageStart='1278', pageEnd='1420', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1753166888773, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694543506, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156642005640930141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154428861249998924, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156642005640930142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1154428861249998924, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1295, endPage=1301, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154428864525754816, articleId=1154428864089547199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=Comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of photovoltaic power grid parity in various regions of China, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
According to the different conditions of photovoltaic resources, ongrid price, initial total investment and light abandonment rate in various regions of China, a photovoltaic economic evaluation model is constructed to analyze the ongrid situation of photovoltaic power generation parity in various regions and calculate the minimum ongrid price and the maximum initial total investment that meet the benchmark yield in each region. The results show that there are obvious regional differences in China's photovoltaic economy. Considering the abandonment of light, a total of 15 regions in the country cannot achieve grid parity access, but most of them are close to parity access. Some regions with high photovoltaic economy can achieve parity with a price of 0.05 CNY/(kW·h) below the benchmark price. The research results of this paper are helpful to the investment decisionmaking of photovoltaic projects and the formulation of relevant policies.
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文章针对我国各地区光伏资源、上网电价、初始全投资、弃光率不同的情况,构建了光伏经济性评价模型;分析了各地区光伏发电平价上网情况;并计算出各地区满足基准收益率的最低上网电价和最高初始全投资。结果表明:我国光伏经济性存在明显的地域性差异,考虑“弃光”的情况下,全国共有15个地区无法实现平价上网,但其中大部分地区已接近平价上网;部分光伏经济性高的地区能以低于标杆电价0.05元/(kW·h)的电价实现平价上网。研究结果有助于光伏项目的投资决策以及相关政策的制定。
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1 College of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154428898797412989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, companyId=1154428898784830075, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 华北电力大学 能源动力与机械工程学院 北京 102206)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154428902521955018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Annual new installed capacity of global photovoltaic in 2011-2022 and forecast of new installed capacity in 2023-2030, figureFileSmall=5bAlg4i//k397ySlk0ueBg==, figureFileBig=dojM3qvhpyXQUZQLMfBQrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902568092363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=
2011-2022 年全球光伏年度新增装机规模以及 2023-2030 年新增规模预测, figureFileSmall=5bAlg4i//k397ySlk0ueBg==, figureFileBig=dojM3qvhpyXQUZQLMfBQrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902635201228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Annual new installed capacity of photovoltaic in China in 2011-2022 and forecast of new installed capacity in 2023-2030, figureFileSmall=KoeH8y07RhuD/BF4SJpGpw==, figureFileBig=Jdo54ul5bIB3XZwQHPW/lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902698115789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=
2011-2022 年我国光伏年度新增装机规模以及 2023-2030 年新增规模预测, figureFileSmall=KoeH8y07RhuD/BF4SJpGpw==, figureFileBig=Jdo54ul5bIB3XZwQHPW/lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902790390478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
The initial total investment cost structure diagram of China ’s photovoltaic power generation projects in 2022, figureFileSmall=SOAVOsnV5UfvdJkcT9Kv7A==, figureFileBig=iVr0K4kTc7TlqHaJ/FUTbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902836527823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=
2022 年我国光伏发电项目初始全投资成本结构图, figureFileSmall=SOAVOsnV5UfvdJkcT9Kv7A==, figureFileBig=iVr0K4kTc7TlqHaJ/FUTbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902891053777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
The internal rate of return on capital of photovoltaic projects in different regions in 2022, figureFileSmall=AVvPTFf5lE3NlDd/Nn7Qag==, figureFileBig=eypb1qlqW5HZ1PJqtUj3pg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428902962356947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=
2022 年不同地区光伏项目资本金内部收益率, figureFileSmall=AVvPTFf5lE3NlDd/Nn7Qag==, figureFileBig=eypb1qlqW5HZ1PJqtUj3pg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428903050437334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
The minimum on-grid price corresponding to the grid parity of photovoltaic power generation in different regions, figureFileSmall=RAqA89/bozdpMCu6d7m2GQ==, figureFileBig=bJkPkyr1XUK316ycy5wMWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428903117546199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=
不同地区光伏发电达到平价上网时对应的最低上网电价, figureFileSmall=RAqA89/bozdpMCu6d7m2GQ==, figureFileBig=bJkPkyr1XUK316ycy5wMWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428903180460762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
The highest unit kilowatt full investment corresponding to the grid parity of photovoltaic power generation in different regions, figureFileSmall=xPNdSUwoSz70lNJCb0eKDQ==, figureFileBig=sxxzMBC1cMGp0m5b98J1WA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428903247569628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=
不同地区光伏发电达到平价上网时的最高单位千瓦全投资, figureFileSmall=xPNdSUwoSz70lNJCb0eKDQ==, figureFileBig=sxxzMBC1cMGp0m5b98J1WA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154428903318872797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
The first-year power generation hours and coal-fired benchmark feed-in tariff of photovoltaic power stations in the country, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 首年发电小时数 | 燃煤标杆上网电价 元/(kW·h) |
| 北京市 | 1 267 | 0.3598 |
| 天津市 | 1 263 | 0.365 5 |
| 河北省冀北地区 | 1441 | 0.3720 |
| 河北省冀南地区 | 1431 | 0.364 4 |
| 山西省 | 1 340 | 0.3320 |
| 山东省 | 1 312 | 0.394 9 |
| 蒙西 | 1631 | 0.282 9 |
| 蒙东 | 1532 | 0.303 5 |
| 辽宁省 | 1 317 | 0.374 9 |
| 吉林省 | 1 343 | 0.3731 |
| 黑龙江省 | 1 343 | 0.374 1 |
| 上海市 | 1 179 | 0.415 5 |
| 江苏省 | 1 174 | 0.391 0 |
| 浙江省 | 1084 | 0.4153 |
| 安徽省 | 1098 | 0.384 4 |
| 福建省 | 1121 | 0.393 2 |
| 江西省 | 1035 | 0.414 3 |
| 河南省 | 1 260 | 0.3779 |
| 湖北省 | 1032 | 0.4161 |
| 湖南省 | 954 | 0.450 0 |
| 重庆市 | 731 | 0.396 4 |
| 四川省 | 939 | 0.401 2 |
| 陕西省 | 1 202 | 0.354 5 |
| 甘肃省 | 1 645 | 0.307 8 |
| 青海省 | 1 672 | 0.324 7 |
| 宁夏回族自治区 | 1536 | 0.2595 |
| 新疆维吾尔自治区 | 1 457 | 0.250 0 |
| 西藏自治区 | 1767 | 0.4993 |
| 广东省 | 1 189 | 0.4530 |
| 广西壮族自治区 | 1015 | 0.420 7 |
| 海南省 | 1 353 | 0.429 8 |
| 贵州省 | 983 | 0.351 5 |
| 云南省 | 1 439 | 0.335 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903427924702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
全国各地区光伏电站首年发电小时数和燃煤标杆上网电价, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 首年发电小时数 | 燃煤标杆上网电价 元/(kW·h) |
| 北京市 | 1 267 | 0.3598 |
| 天津市 | 1 263 | 0.365 5 |
| 河北省冀北地区 | 1441 | 0.3720 |
| 河北省冀南地区 | 1431 | 0.364 4 |
| 山西省 | 1 340 | 0.3320 |
| 山东省 | 1 312 | 0.394 9 |
| 蒙西 | 1631 | 0.282 9 |
| 蒙东 | 1532 | 0.303 5 |
| 辽宁省 | 1 317 | 0.374 9 |
| 吉林省 | 1 343 | 0.3731 |
| 黑龙江省 | 1 343 | 0.374 1 |
| 上海市 | 1 179 | 0.415 5 |
| 江苏省 | 1 174 | 0.391 0 |
| 浙江省 | 1084 | 0.4153 |
| 安徽省 | 1098 | 0.384 4 |
| 福建省 | 1121 | 0.393 2 |
| 江西省 | 1035 | 0.414 3 |
| 河南省 | 1 260 | 0.3779 |
| 湖北省 | 1032 | 0.4161 |
| 湖南省 | 954 | 0.450 0 |
| 重庆市 | 731 | 0.396 4 |
| 四川省 | 939 | 0.401 2 |
| 陕西省 | 1 202 | 0.354 5 |
| 甘肃省 | 1 645 | 0.307 8 |
| 青海省 | 1 672 | 0.324 7 |
| 宁夏回族自治区 | 1536 | 0.2595 |
| 新疆维吾尔自治区 | 1 457 | 0.250 0 |
| 西藏自治区 | 1767 | 0.4993 |
| 广东省 | 1 189 | 0.4530 |
| 广西壮族自治区 | 1015 | 0.420 7 |
| 海南省 | 1 353 | 0.429 8 |
| 贵州省 | 983 | 0.351 5 |
| 云南省 | 1 439 | 0.335 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903478256351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
The initial unit kilowatt investment in all regions of the country, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 初始全投资 元/kW | 地区 | 初始全投资 元/kW |
| 北京 | 4 200 | 河南 | 4000 |
| 天津 | 4 200 | 湖北 | 4 200 |
| 冀北 | 3900 | 湖南 | 4 200 |
| 冀南 | 3900 | 重庆 | 4 400 |
| 山西 | 4 200 | 四川 | 4 400 |
| 山东 | 3900 | 陕西 | 4 400 |
| 蒙西 | 3900 | 甘肃 | 3900 |
| 蒙东 | 3 900 | 青海 | 3 900 |
| 辽宁 | 4000 | 宁夏 | 3900 |
| 吉林 | 4000 | 新疆 | 4000 |
| 黑龙江 | 4000 | 西藏 | 4000 |
| 上海 | 4 200 | 广东 | 4 400 |
| 江苏 | 4000 | 广西 | 4 400 |
| 浙江 | 3900 | 海南 | 4 400 |
| 安徽 | 4000 | 贵州 | 4 400 |
| 福建 | 4000 | 云南 | 4 400 |
| 江西 | 4000 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903524393696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
全国各地区初始单位千瓦全投资, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 初始全投资 元/kW | 地区 | 初始全投资 元/kW |
| 北京 | 4 200 | 河南 | 4000 |
| 天津 | 4 200 | 湖北 | 4 200 |
| 冀北 | 3900 | 湖南 | 4 200 |
| 冀南 | 3900 | 重庆 | 4 400 |
| 山西 | 4 200 | 四川 | 4 400 |
| 山东 | 3900 | 陕西 | 4 400 |
| 蒙西 | 3900 | 甘肃 | 3900 |
| 蒙东 | 3 900 | 青海 | 3 900 |
| 辽宁 | 4000 | 宁夏 | 3900 |
| 吉林 | 4000 | 新疆 | 4000 |
| 黑龙江 | 4000 | 西藏 | 4000 |
| 上海 | 4 200 | 广东 | 4 400 |
| 江苏 | 4000 | 广西 | 4 400 |
| 浙江 | 3900 | 海南 | 4 400 |
| 安徽 | 4000 | 贵州 | 4 400 |
| 福建 | 4000 | 云南 | 4 400 |
| 江西 | 4000 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903625056993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
The abandonment rate of light in all regions of China in 2022, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 弃光率1% | 地区 | 弃光率1% | 地区 | 弃光率1% |
| 北京 | 0.0 | 上海 | 0.0 | 陕西 | 2.2 |
| 天津 | 0.0 | 江苏 | 0.0 | 甘肃 | 1.8 |
| 冀北 | 2.0 | 浙江 | 0.0 | 青海 | 8.9 |
| 冀南 | 2.0 | 安徽 | 0.0 | 宁夏 | 2.6 |
| 山西 | 0.5 | 福建 | 0.0 | 新疆 | 2.8 |
| 山东 | 0.5 | 江西 | 0.0 | 西藏 | 20.0 |
| 蒙西 | 2.6 | 河南 | 0.5 | 广东 | 0.0 |
| 蒙东 | 1.4 | 湖北 | 0.0 | 广西 | 0.0 |
| 辽宁 | 0.7 | 湖南 | 0.0 | 海南 | 0.0 |
| 吉林 | 1.8 | 重庆 | 0.0 | 贵州 | 0.6 |
| 黑龙江 | 1.1 | 四川 | 0.0 | 云南 | 0.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903679582946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=
2022 年全国各地区弃光率, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地区 | 弃光率1% | 地区 | 弃光率1% | 地区 | 弃光率1% |
| 北京 | 0.0 | 上海 | 0.0 | 陕西 | 2.2 |
| 天津 | 0.0 | 江苏 | 0.0 | 甘肃 | 1.8 |
| 冀北 | 2.0 | 浙江 | 0.0 | 青海 | 8.9 |
| 冀南 | 2.0 | 安徽 | 0.0 | 宁夏 | 2.6 |
| 山西 | 0.5 | 福建 | 0.0 | 新疆 | 2.8 |
| 山东 | 0.5 | 江西 | 0.0 | 西藏 | 20.0 |
| 蒙西 | 2.6 | 河南 | 0.5 | 广东 | 0.0 |
| 蒙东 | 1.4 | 湖北 | 0.0 | 广西 | 0.0 |
| 辽宁 | 0.7 | 湖南 | 0.0 | 海南 | 0.0 |
| 吉林 | 1.8 | 重庆 | 0.0 | 贵州 | 0.6 |
| 黑龙江 | 1.1 | 四川 | 0.0 | 云南 | 0.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903813800675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Basic parameters of photovoltaic power generation project, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| 基本参数 | 装机容量/MW | 50 |
| 建设期/月 | 3 |
| 运营期/a | 25 |
| 初始全投资/元 $\cdot {\mathrm{{kW}}}^{-1}$ | 实际值 |
| 财务成本 | 自有资金比例1% | 30 |
| 长期贷款利率1% | 4.9 |
| 长期贷款年限/a | 15 |
| 短期贷款利率1% | 4.35 |
| 可抵扣增值税/万元 | 计算值 |
| 折旧年限/a | 20 |
| 残值率1% | 0 |
| 运营维护成本 | 运维成本/元 $\cdot {\left( \mathrm{W} \cdot \mathrm{a}\right) }^{-1}$ | 0.048 |
| 管理人员费用/万元 $\cdot {\mathrm{a}}^{-1}$ | 18 |
| 税务成本 | 增值税/% | 13 |
| 城市维护建设税/% | 5 |
| 教育费附加/% | 3 |
| 所得稅/% | 25 |
| 是否实行“三免三减半”政策 | 是 |
| 项目收入 | 首年发电小时数/h | 实际值 |
| 弃光率1% | 实际值 |
| 上网电价 | 实际值 |
| 年衰减率1% | 0.5 |
| 基准资本金内部收益率/% | 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154428903880909540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1154428864089547199, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=
光伏发电项目基本参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| 基本参数 | 装机容量/MW | 50 |
| 建设期/月 | 3 |
| 运营期/a | 25 |
| 初始全投资/元 $\cdot {\mathrm{{kW}}}^{-1}$ | 实际值 |
| 财务成本 | 自有资金比例1% | 30 |
| 长期贷款利率1% | 4.9 |
| 长期贷款年限/a | 15 |
| 短期贷款利率1% | 4.35 |
| 可抵扣增值税/万元 | 计算值 |
| 折旧年限/a | 20 |
| 残值率1% | 0 |
| 运营维护成本 | 运维成本/元 $\cdot {\left( \mathrm{W} \cdot \mathrm{a}\right) }^{-1}$ | 0.048 |
| 管理人员费用/万元 $\cdot {\mathrm{a}}^{-1}$ | 18 |
| 税务成本 | 增值税/% | 13 |
| 城市维护建设税/% | 5 |
| 教育费附加/% | 3 |
| 所得稅/% | 25 |
| 是否实行“三免三减半”政策 | 是 |
| 项目收入 | 首年发电小时数/h | 实际值 |
| 弃光率1% | 实际值 |
| 上网电价 | 实际值 |
| 年衰减率1% | 0.5 |
| 基准资本金内部收益率/% | 8 |
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