Article(id=1152989165345034326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1152989160404144205, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700496000000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752823638520, onlineDateStr=2025-07-18, pubDate=1737302400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752823638520, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752823638520, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752823638520, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1152989160404144205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, year='2025', volume='43', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='142', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752823637343, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753694506642, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156641851038884698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1152989160404144205, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156641851038884699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, issueId=1152989160404144205, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=36, endPage=44, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1152989165626052695, articleId=1152989165345034326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=EN, title=Energy analysis and performance enhancement of solar still based on interface evaporation, columnId=null, journalTitle=Renewable Energy Resources, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The thermal efficiency of the traditional bottomheated solar still is low, and the interfacial evaporation technology can limit the heat to the evaporation interface, and then quickly generate water vapor to realize the efficient utilization of solar energy. In this paper, a composite interface evaporator with carbon nanopowder as photothermal conversion material and coated with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was prepared, and on this basis, a singleeffect solar still was designed. In this paper, firstly, the energy distribution in the process of water production in the still is analyzed by theoretical calculation, and it is found that the sunlight reflection on the condensation surface and the heat conduction on the evaporation interface are the two biggest factors leading to the energy loss of the still. Then, by adjusting the wettability of the condensation surface, the light transmittance is improved, and the sunlight reflection is reduced, so that the evaporation interface can receive more solar energy. It was found that the thermal efficiency of the still was increased from 36.1% to 55.4% by adjusting the wettability of the condensing surface; the heat conduction loss of evaporation interface is reduced by optimizing the water supply structure of evaporator. When the proportion of water supply area is 20%, its thermal efficiency is improved to 64.6%. Finally, the water production performance of the still under outdoor practical conditions was tested, and the system operated stably without salt crystallization. The evaporation interface temperature and water production rate change synchronously with the change of irradiation intensity, and the wholeday water production reaches 2.89 kg/m². This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design and performance improvement of solar still.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhenjiang Dai, Fengmin Su, Yiming Fan, Letian Fan, Chengshu Wei, Chao Chang, Yulong Ji), CN=ArticleExt(id=1152989191613960690, articleId=1152989165345034326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, language=CN, title=基于界面蒸发的太阳能蒸馏器能量分析与性能强化, columnId=null, journalTitle=可再生能源, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

传统底部加热式太阳能蒸馏器的热效率较低,界面蒸发技术可以将热量局限在蒸发界面,进而快速产生水蒸汽,实现太阳能的高效利用。文章制备了一种以碳纳米粉为光热转换材料,聚乙烯醇水凝胶包覆的复合界面蒸发器,并在此基础上,设计了一种单效太阳能蒸馏器。首先,通过理论计算,分析了蒸馏器产水过程中的能量分布,发现冷凝面的阳光反射和蒸发界面的热传导是导致蒸馏器能量损失的两个主要因素;然后,通过调控冷凝面润湿性,改善其透光性,减少阳光反射,使蒸发界面能够接收到更多太阳能,冷凝面亲水改性使蒸馏器热效率从36.1%提高到55.4%,优化蒸发器供水结构可降低蒸发界面导热损失,在20%供水面积比例时,其热效率提高到64.6%;最后,在室外实际条件下测试了蒸馏器的产水性能,系统稳定运行,无盐结晶出现,全天产水量达到2.89 kg/m²。此研究可为太阳能蒸馏器设计和性能改进提供理论指导。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
苏风民(1978-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为传热传质与船舶应用、制冷与空调、太阳能热利用。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Lxr4aQ9NRZScA2jenGrBlA==, magXml=b8c4D2SQz49XNNbxAHRH1Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=wOK9SrrSxs4pex/xPpjWIQ==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=8yqPCTHYl9hAtxxWFnfYkg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=代振江, 苏风民, 樊益明, 范乐天, 韦成书, 常超, 纪玉龙)}, authors=[Author(id=1159145413619331830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145413678052087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413619331830, language=EN, stringName=Zhenjiang Dai, firstName=Zhenjiang, middleName=null, lastName=Dai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145413749355256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413619331830, language=CN, stringName=代振江, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145413812269818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fengminsu@dlmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145413891961595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413812269818, language=EN, stringName=Fengmin Su, firstName=Fengmin, middleName=null, lastName=Su, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145413946487548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413812269818, language=CN, stringName=苏风民, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145413992624894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414047150847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413992624894, language=EN, stringName=Yiming Fan, firstName=Yiming, middleName=null, lastName=Fan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414101676800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145413992624894, language=CN, stringName=樊益明, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145414156202754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414206534403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414156202754, language=EN, stringName=Letian Fan, firstName=Letian, middleName=null, lastName=Fan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414273643268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414156202754, language=CN, stringName=范乐天, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145414328169222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414378500871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414328169222, language=EN, stringName=Chengshu Wei, firstName=Chengshu, middleName=null, lastName=Wei, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414466581256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414328169222, language=CN, stringName=韦成书, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145414512718602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414563050251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414512718602, language=EN, stringName=Chao Chang, firstName=Chao, middleName=null, lastName=Chang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414609187596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414512718602, language=CN, stringName=常超, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1159145414651130638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414697267983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414651130638, language=EN, stringName=Yulong Ji, firstName=Yulong, middleName=null, lastName=Ji, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1159145414760182544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, authorId=1159145414651130638, language=CN, stringName=纪玉龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)], keywords=[Keyword(id=1159145414856651537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=interfacial evaporation), Keyword(id=1159145414911177490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=solar still), Keyword(id=1159145415003452179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=energy analysis), Keyword(id=1159145415049589524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=performance enhancement), Keyword(id=1159145415099921173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=界面蒸发), Keyword(id=1159145415146058518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=太阳能蒸馏器), Keyword(id=1159145415188001559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=能量分析), Keyword(id=1159145415242527512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=性能强化)], refs=[Reference(id=1159145416437904172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=69, pageEnd=81, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Soteris K, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Soteris K. Survey of solar desalination systems and system selection[J]. Energy, 1997, 22(1): 69-81., articleTitle=Survey of solar desalination systems and system selection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416488235821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=381, issue=null, pageStart=111, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Omara Z M, Kabeel A E, Abdullah A S, journalName=Desalination, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Omara Z M, Kabeel A E, Abdullah A S, et al. Experimental investigation of corrugated absorber solar still with wick and reflectors[J]. Desalination, 2016, 381: 111-116., articleTitle=Experimental investigation of corrugated absorber solar still with wick and reflectors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416525984558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=50, issue=null, pageStart=104284, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Sampathkumar A, Natarajan S K, journalName=Journal of Energy Storage, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sampathkumar A, Natarajan S K. Experimental analysis on single slope solar still by the inclusion of agar-agar (Eucheuma) fibre and micro phase change material for the productivity enhancement[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 50: 104284., articleTitle=Experimental analysis on single slope solar still by the inclusion of agar-agar (Eucheuma) fibre and micro phase change material for the productivity enhancement, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416576316207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=501, issue=null, pageStart=114914, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Rahmani A, Khemmar F, Saadi Z, journalName=Desalination, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rahmani A, Khemmar F, Saadi Z. Experimental investigation on the negative effect of the external condenser on the conventional solar still performance[J]. Desalination, 2021, 501: 114914., articleTitle=Experimental investigation on the negative effect of the external condenser on the conventional solar still performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416630842160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=38, issue=4, pageStart=453, pageEnd=457, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=侯静, 李瑞晨, 朱国鹏, journalName=可再生能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯静, 李瑞晨, 朱国鹏, 等. 户用多效太阳能苦咸水蒸馏器产水特性研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2020, 38(4): 453-457., articleTitle=户用多效太阳能苦咸水蒸馏器产水特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416689562417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=229, issue=null, pageStart=10, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Murugan DK, Elumalai N, Subraman S, journalName=Desalination and Water Treatment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Murugan DK, Elumalai N, Subraman S. Experimental investigation on the effect of basin pressure in a single basin solar still[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2021, 229: 10-16., articleTitle=Experimental investigation on the effect of basin pressure in a single basin solar still, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416735699762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=11, issue=6, pageStart=1510, pageEnd=1519, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Ni G, Zandavi S H, Javid S M, journalName=Energy & Environmental Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ni G, Zandavi S H, Javid S M, et al. A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2018, 11(6): 1510-1519., articleTitle=A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416781837107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=65, issue=null, pageStart=104002, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Xiao P, Gu J, Zhang C, journalName=Nano Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiao P, Gu J, Zhang C, et al. A scalable low-cost and robust photo -thermal fabric with tunable and programmable 2D/3D structures towards environmentally adaptable liquid/solid-medium water extraction[J]. Nano Energy, 2019, 65: 104002., articleTitle=A scalable low-cost and robust photo -thermal fabric with tunable and programmable 2D/3D structures towards environmentally adaptable liquid/solid-medium water extraction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416832168756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=300, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Wang Y F, Su F M, Fan Y M, journalName=Desalination and Water Treatment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y F, Su F M, Fan Y M, et al. Solar interfacial evaporation properties of carbon nanotube polyvinyl alcohol composite surface[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2023, 300: 1-11., articleTitle=Solar interfacial evaporation properties of carbon nanotube polyvinyl alcohol composite surface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416878306101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1961, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=895, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Dunkle R V, journalName=International Development in Heat Transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dunkle R V. Solar water distillation: the roof type still and a multiple effect diffusion still[A]. International Development in Heat Transfer[C].New York:The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1961.895., articleTitle=Solar water distillation: the roof type still and a multiple effect diffusion still, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145416949609270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1996, volume=56, issue=2, pageStart=199, pageEnd=206, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Sartori E, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sartori E. Solar still versus solar evaporator: a comparative study between their thermal behaviors[J]. Solar Energy, 1996, 56(2): 199-206., articleTitle=Solar still versus solar evaporator: a comparative study between their thermal behaviors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145417004135223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1982, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Garg H P, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Garg H P. Treatise on Solar Energy[M]. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1982., articleTitle=Treatise on Solar Energy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145417054466872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1991, volume=46, issue=4, pageStart=191, pageEnd=197, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Galvin K P, Briscoe B J, journalName=Solar Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Galvin K P, Briscoe B J. The effect of surface fog on the transmittance of light[J]. Solar Energy, 1991, 46(4): 191-197., articleTitle=The effect of surface fog on the transmittance of light, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1159145417125770041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1973, volume=16, issue=2, pageStart=411, pageEnd=425, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Rose J W, Glicksman L R, journalName=International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rose J W, Glicksman L R. Dropwise condensation-the distribution of drop sizes[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1973, 16(2): 411-425., articleTitle=Dropwise condensation-the distribution of drop sizes, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1159145416324657963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, awardId=2023JH2/101300152, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300152), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1159145413371867890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1159145413443171059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, companyId=1159145413371867890, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1159145413451559668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, companyId=1159145413371867890, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 大连海事大学 轮机热能工程研究所 辽宁 大连 116026)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1159145415359968025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Single-effect solar still based on interfacial evaporation, figureFileSmall=AdsYcSpxyiGFWEPCFnixlA==, figureFileBig=Yjn8lDlm/RoWDF4vFd2Rlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415435465498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=基于界面蒸发的单效太阳能蒸馏器, figureFileSmall=AdsYcSpxyiGFWEPCFnixlA==, figureFileBig=Yjn8lDlm/RoWDF4vFd2Rlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415485797147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Schematic diagram of the experimental setup, figureFileSmall=s10P4/0QudRFlLmFw7Kc0A==, figureFileBig=oQoBuVtrmSgMOKH2zk/E9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415531934492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=实验装置示意图, figureFileSmall=s10P4/0QudRFlLmFw7Kc0A==, figureFileBig=oQoBuVtrmSgMOKH2zk/E9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415599043357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Schematic diagram of the theoretical calculation model, figureFileSmall=ZRV1HK8pbI3JPRuVXzmgVQ==, figureFileBig=GEDFj1dmw4OL8Xpxd26OoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415640986398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=理论计算模型示意图, figureFileSmall=ZRV1HK8pbI3JPRuVXzmgVQ==, figureFileBig=GEDFj1dmw4OL8Xpxd26OoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415687123743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Working performance of the initial device, figureFileSmall=hUoBua6M9TsRDOJRv1TDtQ==, figureFileBig=+slmETboSrO8CqTwH4nOow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415733261088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=系统能量分析, figureFileSmall=hUoBua6M9TsRDOJRv1TDtQ==, figureFileBig=+slmETboSrO8CqTwH4nOow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415779398433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Contact angle of surface with different wettability, figureFileSmall=s0+DeM+nEunYdve0e0D71w==, figureFileBig=ZzW7zznc9MELuo22PqnTKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415825535778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=不同润湿性表面接触角, figureFileSmall=s0+DeM+nEunYdve0e0D71w==, figureFileBig=ZzW7zznc9MELuo22PqnTKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415880061731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Surface condensation morphology with different wettability, figureFileSmall=1HG7d4qkIm/kESilTIKkhQ==, figureFileBig=5EzCT/8E5T/0uSHXjNwLeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415922004772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=不同润湿性表面冷凝形貌特征, figureFileSmall=1HG7d4qkIm/kESilTIKkhQ==, figureFileBig=5EzCT/8E5T/0uSHXjNwLeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145415972336421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Working performance of different condensation surface wettability stills, figureFileSmall=/SL/uv9c/ejnOcXFwOQ+Tg==, figureFileBig=cCWaQtDdhtjiftxvbDq/Ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145416022668070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=冷凝面不同润湿性蒸馏器工作特性, figureFileSmall=/SL/uv9c/ejnOcXFwOQ+Tg==, figureFileBig=cCWaQtDdhtjiftxvbDq/Ow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145416077194023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Water production performance under different water supply area ratios, figureFileSmall=1D2/OG8NBmnIEGdf/IyUSg==, figureFileBig=VApZDozZKdEtYfFxvNNf3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145416127525672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=不同供水面积比例时产水特性, figureFileSmall=1D2/OG8NBmnIEGdf/IyUSg==, figureFileBig=VApZDozZKdEtYfFxvNNf3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145416182051625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Outdoor experiment of solar still, figureFileSmall=jDECsaaF4DaC417KWcPkIA==, figureFileBig=qP5Ibcp+5o1jT5P5Z31Ouw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145416228188970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989165345034326, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=太阳能蒸馏器室外实验, figureFileSmall=jDECsaaF4DaC417KWcPkIA==, figureFileBig=qP5Ibcp+5o1jT5P5Z31Ouw==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146118781765529606, delFlag=0, nameCn=可再生能源, nameEn=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-5292, eissn=, cn=21-1469/TK, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Renew Energy Res, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1755588886026, createdBy=null, updatedBy=15831073675, firstLetterCn=R, firstLetterEn=R, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, picEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1164587454112678277, language=CN, name=可再生能源, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://kzsny.com/, createdTime=1755588886049, updatedTime=1755588886049, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/PromptPageInfo.aspx?t=v&c=1, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1164587454167204230, language=EN, name=Renewable Energy Resources, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1755588886062, updatedTime=1755588886062, createdBy=15831073675, updatedBy=15831073675, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://ncny.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorEN/index.aspx?t=3, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146119893612605453, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202370429360, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112772, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519535151, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=可再生能源, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148619523667816493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781834761, updateTime=1751781834761, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523642650666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781834755, updateTime=1751781834755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523634262057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1751781834753, updateTime=1751781834753, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523659427884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781834759, updateTime=1751781834759, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148619523651039275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202370429360, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781834757, updateTime=1751781834757, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155908164001353748, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146119893612605453, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753519582037, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753519582037, updateBy=18614031015, name=《可再生能源》-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Renewable Energy Resources, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155908456914739359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753519651869, updateTime=1753519651869, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456893767836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753519651864, updateTime=1753519651864, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456885379227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=y1rtJt0tFAqUB4W3g4tlSw==, createTime=1753519651862, updateTime=1753519651862, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456906350750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753519651867, updateTime=1753519651867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155908456902156445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155908164001353748, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753519651866, updateTime=1753519651866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=可再生能源, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Renewable Energy Resources, journalPhotoCn=JwZjzvOuLF6gg7XdYa5wzg==, journalPhotoEn=JbD+CPZ3qeyTMjY1NLqExg==, journalFirstLetter=R, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/Y2025/V43/I1/36, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/Y2025/V43/I1/36, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/PDF/Y2025/V43/I1/36, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/EN/PDF/Y2025/V43/I1/36, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于界面蒸发的太阳能蒸馏器能量分析与性能强化
收藏切换
PDF下载
代振江 , 苏风民 , 樊益明 , 范乐天 , 韦成书 , 常超 , 纪玉龙
可再生能源 | 2025,43(1): 36-44
收起
收藏切换
可再生能源 | 2025, 43(1): 36-44
基于界面蒸发的太阳能蒸馏器能量分析与性能强化
全屏
代振江, 苏风民 , 樊益明, 范乐天, 韦成书, 常超, 纪玉龙
作者信息
  • 1 大连海事大学 轮机热能工程研究所 辽宁 大连 116026

通讯作者:

苏风民(1978-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为传热传质与船舶应用、制冷与空调、太阳能热利用。E-mail:
Energy analysis and performance enhancement of solar still based on interface evaporation
Zhenjiang Dai, Fengmin Su , Yiming Fan, Letian Fan, Chengshu Wei, Chao Chang, Yulong Ji
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China
出版时间: 2025-01-20
文章导航
收藏切换

传统底部加热式太阳能蒸馏器的热效率较低,界面蒸发技术可以将热量局限在蒸发界面,进而快速产生水蒸汽,实现太阳能的高效利用。文章制备了一种以碳纳米粉为光热转换材料,聚乙烯醇水凝胶包覆的复合界面蒸发器,并在此基础上,设计了一种单效太阳能蒸馏器。首先,通过理论计算,分析了蒸馏器产水过程中的能量分布,发现冷凝面的阳光反射和蒸发界面的热传导是导致蒸馏器能量损失的两个主要因素;然后,通过调控冷凝面润湿性,改善其透光性,减少阳光反射,使蒸发界面能够接收到更多太阳能,冷凝面亲水改性使蒸馏器热效率从36.1%提高到55.4%,优化蒸发器供水结构可降低蒸发界面导热损失,在20%供水面积比例时,其热效率提高到64.6%;最后,在室外实际条件下测试了蒸馏器的产水性能,系统稳定运行,无盐结晶出现,全天产水量达到2.89 kg/m²。此研究可为太阳能蒸馏器设计和性能改进提供理论指导。

界面蒸发  /  太阳能蒸馏器  /  能量分析  /  性能强化

The thermal efficiency of the traditional bottomheated solar still is low, and the interfacial evaporation technology can limit the heat to the evaporation interface, and then quickly generate water vapor to realize the efficient utilization of solar energy. In this paper, a composite interface evaporator with carbon nanopowder as photothermal conversion material and coated with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was prepared, and on this basis, a singleeffect solar still was designed. In this paper, firstly, the energy distribution in the process of water production in the still is analyzed by theoretical calculation, and it is found that the sunlight reflection on the condensation surface and the heat conduction on the evaporation interface are the two biggest factors leading to the energy loss of the still. Then, by adjusting the wettability of the condensation surface, the light transmittance is improved, and the sunlight reflection is reduced, so that the evaporation interface can receive more solar energy. It was found that the thermal efficiency of the still was increased from 36.1% to 55.4% by adjusting the wettability of the condensing surface; the heat conduction loss of evaporation interface is reduced by optimizing the water supply structure of evaporator. When the proportion of water supply area is 20%, its thermal efficiency is improved to 64.6%. Finally, the water production performance of the still under outdoor practical conditions was tested, and the system operated stably without salt crystallization. The evaporation interface temperature and water production rate change synchronously with the change of irradiation intensity, and the wholeday water production reaches 2.89 kg/m². This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design and performance improvement of solar still.

interfacial evaporation  /  solar still  /  energy analysis  /  performance enhancement
代振江, 苏风民, 樊益明, 范乐天, 韦成书, 常超, 纪玉龙. 基于界面蒸发的太阳能蒸馏器能量分析与性能强化. 可再生能源, 2025 , 43 (1) : 36 -44 .
Zhenjiang Dai, Fengmin Su, Yiming Fan, Letian Fan, Chengshu Wei, Chao Chang, Yulong Ji. Energy analysis and performance enhancement of solar still based on interface evaporation[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2025 , 43 (1) : 36 -44 .
地球并不缺水, 但是缺淡水, 这是当前人类生存的挑战之一。太阳能作为清洁的可再生能源,早在 1872 年就被智利北部的人们用于海水淡化,在晴朗天气,每天可生产 ${23}\mathrm{t}$ 淡水 [ 1 ] 。虽然太阳能蒸馏器初始投入成本低、维护简单, 但是由于单位面积淡水产量低而很少投入实际应用。Omara Z M [ 2 ] 设计了一种波纹状吸光面, 使系统接收到的太阳能增多,产水量比改进前提高了 55.4%。为了避免部分热量从底部散失到环境中, Sampathkumar A [ 3 ] 在蒸馏器底部填充石蜡作为相变储热材料, 储存多余的热量,并在水温下降时释放出来,热效率从 27.68%提高到 40%。Rahmani A [ 4 ] 在蒸馏系统中引入外部冷凝器, 在温和的天气时热效率从 18.25% 提高到了 23.2%,但是在非常寒冷或者炎热天气时产水量反而下降。侯静 [ 5 ] 设计了一种多效太阳能苦咸水淡化装置, 有效利用了水蒸汽凝结时候的冷凝潜热,在太阳辐照强度为 ${740}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ 时,得到的最大产水速率为 ${23.53}\mathrm{\;g}/\mathrm{{min}}$ 。Murugan D K [ 6 ] 利用真空泵降低蒸馏器内部初始压力, 促进盐水蒸发,产水量较常压时提升了 67.5%。
太阳能界面蒸发技术将太阳能光热转换集中在蒸发界面处, 可以有效地将热量仅用于表面少量水的加热,以快速产生蒸汽。通常界面蒸发的蒸发热效率超过 80%,但是将其应用在太阳能蒸馏器内,产水热效率却低于 40% [ 7, 8 ] 。针对目前单效太阳能蒸馏器热效率较低的问题, 本文设计了一种基于界面蒸发的单效太阳能蒸馏器, 通过分析蒸馏器工作过程中的能量分布, 寻找其能量损失较大因素,并针对存在问题提出改进措施,强化太阳能蒸馏器的产水性能, 提高系统热效率, 最后在室外测试了蒸馏器实际产水性能。
本文采用聚乙烯醇和戊二醛两种材料, 在酸性条件下交联反应生成水凝胶, 用这种水凝胶包裹碳粉, 并被吸附在一种多孔纤维素海绵上制备成蒸发器,如图 1 所示。蒸发器为圆柱体,直径 6$\mathrm{{cm}}$,高度$3\mathrm{\;{cm}}$,蒸发器具有较高的机械强度,实物如图 1(a) 所示, 详细的制备过程及其他特性参见文献[ 9 ]。蒸发界面的紫外-可见-近红外吸收光谱如图 1(b) 所示, 其对太阳光的吸收率平均达到 97%。以蒸发器为核心, 本文制作了一种单斜面太阳能蒸馏器, 使蒸汽冷凝并收集淡水。冷凝面材料为亚克力板, 蒸发器和蒸馏器外侧有保温材料包裹,蒸馏器的顶面倾斜角度为${35}^{ \circ }$,底面为边长 10$\mathrm{{cm}}$的正方形,如图 1(c) 所示。 实验装置如图 2 所示。
实验过程:利用氙灯光源(Solar-500)发出的光线模拟太阳光; 光线穿过亚克力板后进入蒸馏器内部, 光热转换材料将其转化为热能, 加热蒸发界面少量盐水,温度升高后,盐水蒸发形成蒸汽; 与此同时, 下方水体通过多孔材料补充蒸发表面水分, 蒸发表面的高浓度盐离子扩散回水体中; 蒸汽在冷凝面凝结为水, 沿着冷凝面下滑到蒸馏器底部被收集。期间利用数据采集仪 (型号: 34972A,精度:${0.05}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$) 记录系统内温度,电子天平(型号:JJ1023BF,量程:1020g,精度:1mg)对冷凝水称重。
本文通过计算蒸馏器工作过程的产水速率和热效率,评估蒸馏器的产水性能,即:
$R = \frac{m}{At}$
$\eta = \frac{R{h}_{\mathrm{{Lv}}}}{I}$
式中:$R$为产水速率,$\mathrm{g}/\left( {\mathrm{s} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{2}}\right) ;m$为冷凝水质量,$\mathrm{g};A$为蒸发面积$,{\mathrm{m}}^{2};t$为实验时间,$\mathrm{s};\eta$为热效率;${h}_{\mathrm{{Ly}}}$为水蒸发焓,$\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{g};I$为辐照强度,$\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
测量过程中产水速率的相对误差${\delta }_{R}/R$、热效率的相对误差${\delta }_{\eta }/\eta$的表达式分别为
${\delta }_{R}/R = \sqrt{{\delta }_{m}^{2}/{m}^{2} + {\delta }_{A}^{2}/{A}^{2} + {\delta }_{t}^{2}/{t}^{2}}$
${\delta }_{\eta }/\eta = \sqrt{{\delta }_{R}^{2}/{R}^{2} + {\delta }_{I}^{2}/{I}^{2}}$
式中:${\delta }_{m},{\delta }_{A},{\delta }_{t}$${\delta }_{I}$分别为冷凝质量、蒸发面积、实验时间和太阳辐照强度最大测量误差, 其值分别为$\pm {0.01}\mathrm{\;g}, \pm {0.4}{\mathrm{\;{cm}}}^{2}, \pm 1\mathrm{\;s}$$\pm {0.01}\mathrm{\;{mW}}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2};m, A, t$$I$分别对应于冷凝质量、蒸发面积、实验时间和辐照强度实验值,其值分别为$8\mathrm{\;g},{28.26}{\mathrm{\;{cm}}}^{2}$,${28800}\mathrm{\;s}$${30}\mathrm{\;{mW}}/{\mathrm{{cm}}}^{2}$
计算得到产水速率的最大相对误差为 1.41%, 热效率最大相对误差为 1.42%。
为了明确太阳能蒸馏器工作过程中的能量流动情况, 找到能量损失因素, 并针对损失较大因素提出合适的改进方法, 本文对蒸馏过程进行了能量衡算。蒸馏过程的能量流动如图 3 所示。
太阳光从环境进入系统, 会受到透明盖板和冷凝液的阻碍, 穿过透明盖板后到达蒸发界面, 被光热转换材料吸收,太阳能转换为热能,加热多孔表层中少量水,水温升高后,汽化产生蒸汽带走部分热量;蒸发界面在系统内温度最高,存在着向下方的导热损失以及向上的对流和辐射热损失。 蒸馏过程的能量平衡方程为
${q}_{\mathrm{{sun}}} = {q}_{\mathrm{{ref}},\mathrm{c}} + {q}_{\mathrm{{ref}},\mathrm{{ie}}} + {q}_{\mathrm{{ie}}}$
式中:${q}_{\text{sun }}$为照射到系统冷凝面上的太阳辐射能量,$\mathrm{W};{q}_{\mathrm{{ref}},\mathrm{c}}$为冷凝面反射的太阳能,是冷凝面材料和冷凝液的共同作用, 其中冷凝液滴因冷凝面材料接触角不同会产生不同的反射特性, 因此在前文对透光率随接触角的变化规律进行理论计算,$\mathrm{W};{q}_{\mathrm{{ref}},\mathrm{{ie}}}$为蒸发器界面反射的太阳能,$\mathrm{W};{q}_{\mathrm{{ie}}}$为蒸发界面实际接收到的太阳能,它被光热转换材料转换为热能, W。
其中${q}_{\text{ie }}$可表示为
${q}_{\mathrm{{ie}}} = {q}_{\mathrm{{conv}}} + {q}_{\mathrm{{cond}}} + {q}_{\mathrm{{rad}}} + {q}_{\mathrm{{evap}}} + {C}_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{w}}{m}_{\mathrm{w}}\frac{\mathrm{d}{T}_{\mathrm{w}}}{\mathrm{d}t}$
式中:${q}_{\text{conv }}$为蒸发界面上的热对流损失,$\mathrm{W};{q}_{\text{cond }}$为蒸发界面到水的热传导损失, W;${q}_{\text{rad }}$为蒸发界面的辐射热损失,$\mathrm{W};{q}_{\text{evap }}$为水分蒸发的潜热,$\mathrm{W};{C}_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{w}}$为水的比热容,$\mathrm{J}/\left( {\mathrm{{kg}} \cdot \mathrm{K}}\right) ;{m}_{\mathrm{w}}$为蒸发界面水质量,$\mathrm{g};{T}_{\mathrm{w}}$为蒸发界面水温度,$\mathrm{K};t$为运行时间,$\mathrm{s}$
热对流损失可由 Dunkle R V [ 10 ] 提出的半经验式计算, 其表达式分别为
${q}_{\text{conv }} = A{h}_{\text{conv }}\left( {{T}_{\mathrm{e}} - {T}_{\mathrm{c}}}\right)$
${h}_{\text{conv }} = {0.884}{\left( {T}_{\mathrm{e}} - {T}_{\mathrm{c}} + {T}_{\mathrm{e}}\frac{{P}_{\mathrm{e}} - {P}_{\mathrm{c}}}{{268.9} \times {10}^{3} - {P}_{\mathrm{e}}}\right) }^{1/3}$
$P\left( T\right) = \exp \left( {{25.317} - \frac{5144}{T}}\right)$
式中:${h}_{\text{conv }}$为对流换热系数;${T}_{\mathrm{e}}$为蒸发界面温度,$\mathrm{K};{T}_{\mathrm{c}}$为冷凝面温度,$\mathrm{K};{P}_{\mathrm{e}}$为蒸发界面蒸汽压,$\mathrm{{Pa}}$;${P}_{\mathrm{c}}$为冷凝面蒸汽压,因系统内部蒸汽处于饱和状态,可由式 (9) 计算饱和蒸汽压,$\mathrm{{Pa}}$
蒸发界面到水的热传导损失由傅里叶定律计算,即:
${q}_{\mathrm{{cond}}} = \frac{{A\lambda }\left( {{T}_{\mathrm{e}} - {T}_{\mathrm{w}}}\right) }{d}$
式中:$\lambda$为蒸发器的导热系数;$d$为蒸发界面距水体的距离, m。
蒸发界面的辐射热损失可简化为两个面积相差较小的漫灰表面之间的辐射换热 [ 11 ] ,表示为
${q}_{\mathrm{{rad}}} = {\sigma A}{\left( \frac{1}{{\varepsilon }_{\mathrm{e}}} + \frac{1}{{\varepsilon }_{\mathrm{c}}} - 1\right) }^{-1}\left( {{T}_{\mathrm{e}}^{4} - {T}_{\mathrm{c}}^{4}}\right)$
式中:$\sigma$为斯蒂芬-玻尔兹曼常数;${\varepsilon }_{\mathrm{e}},{\varepsilon }_{\mathrm{c}}$分别为蒸发界面和冷凝面的辐射发射率。
不同润湿状态下, 冷凝面的接触角不同, 根据冷凝面的接触角可以计算出不同润湿状态下冷凝面的透光率。本文首先对单个液滴展开计算, 得到单个液滴的透光率; 然后假定冷凝面的液滴覆盖率, 加权得到整个冷凝面的透光率, 并与后文实验比较、验证理论模型的准确性。
光线穿过单个液滴的过程如图 3(b) 所示。当光线依次穿过气固,固液,液气界面,反射会损失一部分能量, 光线在透明介质及液滴内传播时, 会被吸收一部分能量。此外光线在两种介质界面发生折射,改变传播方向,但不会改变能量大小。但当折射角达到${90}^{ \circ }$时会发生全内反射现象,大于该入射角的光线将不能折射进入下一介质而是被界面完全反射回来。光线穿过冷凝面的能量损失可由下列公式定量计算。
首先作出假设:液滴看作理想球型的一部分; 不考虑二次反射对于射出光强度的贡献。
反射损失可由 Fresnel 定律 [ 12 ] 计算得到:
$\beta = {0.5}{\left\lbrack \frac{\sin \left( {{\theta }_{1} - {\theta }_{2}}\right) }{\sin \left( {{\theta }_{1} + {\theta }_{2}}\right) }\right\rbrack }^{2} + {0.5}{\left\lbrack \frac{\tan \left( {{\theta }_{1} - {\theta }_{2}}\right) }{\tan \left( {{\theta }_{1} + {\theta }_{2}}\right) }\right\rbrack }^{2}$
式中:${\theta }_{1}$为反射角,$\left( {}^{ \circ }\right) ;{\theta }_{2}$为折射角,$\left( {}^{ \circ }\right)$
光线被介质吸收过程可由 Beer 定律 [ 13 ] 计算。
$\alpha = \exp \left( {-C{d}_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)$
式中:$C$为吸收系数;${d}_{\mathrm{m}}$为介质厚度,$\mathrm{m}$
光线的折射方向由 Snell 定律 [ 12 ] 计算。
${n}_{1}\sin {n}_{1} = {n}_{2}\sin {n}_{2}$
式中:${n}_{1}$为入射角,$\left( {}^{ \circ }\right) ;{n}_{2}$为折射角,$\left( {}^{ \circ }\right)$
发生全内反射时的临界入射角可表示为
${\theta }_{\mathrm{c}} = \arcsin \left( \frac{{n}_{2}}{{n}_{1}}\right)$
对于接触角为$\theta$的液滴,沿半径方向将整个润湿长度$R$平均分为$n$段,然后由式 (12)$\sim \left( {15}\right)$进行求和得到单个液滴透光率。
$\tau = \frac{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{1}^{n}{I}_{n}{A}_{n}}{I{A}_{\mathrm{w}}}$
式中:$I$为入射光强度,$\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2};{I}_{n}$为第$n$段从液滴射出的光强度,$\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2};{A}_{n}$为第$n$段占据的圆环面积,${\mathrm{m}}^{2};{A}_{\mathrm{w}}$为液滴润湿面积,${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
取平均液滴覆盖率$c = {0.55}$ [ 14 ] 及无冷凝液时亚克力板的透光率${\tau }_{0} = {0.92}$,得到整个冷凝面的透射率${\tau }_{\mathrm{u}}$
${\tau }_{\mathrm{u}} = {c\tau } + \left( {1 - c}\right) {\tau }_{0}$
首先,本文测试了基于界面蒸发的单效太阳能蒸馏器的产水性能;然后,对蒸馏过程进行能量衡算, 分析蒸馏过程中的能量损失, 并对损失较大因素提出了改进方法, 进而强化蒸馏器的产水性能。
实验中,光源照射系统的辐照强度为${900}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$, 实验时长为$8\mathrm{\;h}$,记录蒸发面温度${T}_{\mathrm{e}}$、冷凝面温度${T}_{\mathrm{c}}$、水体温度${T}_{\mathrm{w}}$及环境温度${T}_{\mathrm{a}}$,实验结束后对冷凝水称重。系统内部温度如图 4(a) 所示。蒸发面、 冷凝面、水体温度最终分别达到48.6,37.9,42.5${}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$。系统的产水速率为${0.48}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right)$,热效率为 36.1%。结合实验中测得的蒸馏器内部温度变化数据,利用式(5)$\sim \left( {11}\right)$对蒸馏过程进行能量衡算, 结果如图 4(b) 所示。系统中冷凝面的反射能量损失占比最大,为 35.7%,其次是蒸发界面到水的热传导损失为 17.3%,蒸发界面的辐射热损失为 7.3%。冷凝面的反射能量损失主要是由于冷凝面上的冷凝液对光线存在严重的阻碍作用。热传导损失是由于蒸发界面温度高于下方水体, 界面获得的热量会经蒸发器主体传导至水中。
利用含有不同亲、疏水基团纳米颗粒的溶液对冷凝面进行喷涂, 以改变其润湿性。在本实验中,冷凝面材料均为亚克力板,表面 1 采用羟基修饰的纳米二氧化硅和羟基修饰的纳米二氧化钛; 表面 2 采用羟基修饰的二氧化硅;表面 3 不做处理; 表面 4 采用纳米氟硅聚合物; 表面 5 采用甲基修饰的纳米二氧化硅。首先测量各个表面的接触角大小, 之后分别将每个表面作为蒸馏器的冷凝面进行产水性能测试。
表面 1~5 的接触角测量值如图 5 所示。冷凝面的接触角从${9}^{ \circ }$变化到${148}^{ \circ }$
图 6 是不同冷凝面在蒸馏过程中的照片。由图 6 可以发现: 表面 3 条件下难以看到蒸馏器内部,冷凝面上的冷凝液滴使光线发生严重的偏折和反射, 这也可以直观说明冷凝液滴使蒸馏器接收到的太阳能大为降低; 表面 4 的情况类似表面 3;而对于表面 1 和表面 2,由于润湿性较好,冷凝液铺展为薄液膜, 可以清晰看到蒸馏器内部, 此时透光性得到改善;对于润湿性最差的表面5,能隐约看到蒸馏器内部, 透光性较表面 3 和表面 4 略有提高。
冷凝面不同润湿情况对蒸馏器工作的影响如图 7 所示。
冷凝面透光率的理论计算结果见图 7(a)。冷凝面的透光率是随着接触角的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势, 这与图 6 的表现一致, 实验测量得到的结果也验证了这一趋势。表面 2、表面 3、表面 5 的透光率分别为${92.5}\% ,{65.8}\% ,{75.1}\%$。对于更低接触角的表面 1,透光性与表面 2 相近,说明冷凝面接触角减小到可以使冷凝液铺展成薄液膜即可消除对于光线的反射作用。
实验得到的各个表面产水速率及热效率如图 7(b) 所示。表面 2 较未处理的表面 3 产水速率及热效率分别从${0.48}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right) ,{36.1}\%$提高到 0.71$\mathrm{{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right) ,{55.4}\%$,产水速率提高了${48}\%$。亲水表面有利于蒸发界面接收到更多的太阳能, 因此获得了更高的产水量。对于表面 5 ,其产水量及热效率分别为${0.39}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right) ,{30.5}\%$,虽然透光率大于表面 3 , 但是产水量反而下降, 这是由于表面处于超疏水状态, 冷凝液滴趋于球状, 与冷凝面的接触面积小,冷凝面对液滴的吸附力减弱, 液滴沿冷凝面下滑过程中, 由于重力大于吸附力而垂直滴落回蒸发界面没有被收集到,造成冷凝淡水损失。 因此,与未处理的冷凝面相比,虽然大接触角的透光率得到改善, 但是冷凝液的垂直滴落损失导致其产水性能下降。
采用 5 种冷凝表面蒸馏器的能量分布如图 7 (c) 所示。由图 7(c) 可见:随着接触角的增大,对流、辐射、传导热损失变化都较小;由于透光性变化引起的冷凝面的反射能量损失有明显变化, 该部分能量随着接触角的增加呈现出先增加后减少的趋势; 亲水表面能够明显降低冷凝面的反射能量损失, 提高蒸馏器产水性能。
供水通道的作用是为蒸发界面补充水分以及让蒸发后留在表面的盐分扩散回流至水体中。供水能力应与蒸发能力匹配。当供水过量时, 表面水过多来不及蒸发, 水温上升较慢并使热量传至下方大量水体中不利于蒸馏过程; 当供水能力不足时,蒸发器表面出现干涸,蒸发位置下降至蒸发器内部, 蒸汽扩散受阻, 此外还可能使蒸发器表面产生盐结晶,使吸光率下降,同样不利于蒸馏过程。 为此, 本文通过优化供水结构, 使蒸发器和水的接触面积减小,增加蒸发器主体的导热热阻,以减小蒸发器导热损失, 并且保证蒸发界面不会出现干涸和盐结晶问题。
供水结构对蒸发器的影响见图 8
优化供水结构方法如图 8(a) 所示, 将供水面积和蒸发面积的比值作为供水面积比例。从图 8 (b)可以看到,随着供水面积比例的减小,蒸发面的温度不断升高, 说明蒸发面的热量损失在减小, 同时可以看到水体温度在下降,说明水体得热量在降低,因此缩小供水面积可以使蒸发器导热损失降低。不同供水面积的产水速率和热效率如图 8(c)所示。随着供水面积比例的缩小,系统的产水速率和热效率在比例为${20}\%$时分别达到最大值${0.84}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right)$${64.6}\%$。相比于${100}\%$供水面积比例时,20%供水面积可使热效率提高 9.2%。但当供水面积小于 20%时, 产水速率开始下降, 这是由于此时供水能力不足以支撑界面蒸发, 虽然蒸发器表面温度较高, 蒸发速率反而下降, 因此供水面积不能无限缩小,应与蒸发能力达到平衡。
将表面 2 作为冷凝面、蒸发器供水面积比例设置为 20% 的太阳能蒸馏器放置在室外真实环境下, 进行了太阳能蒸馏过程的产水性能测试。地点为辽宁大连$\left( {{38}^{ \circ }{52}^{\prime }\mathrm{N},{121}^{ \circ }{31}^{\prime }\mathrm{E}}\right)$,日期为 10 月 1 日,利用辐照计 (量程:${1800}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$,分辨率:$1\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$) 记录当天太阳实时的辐照强度,热电阻 (量程:${100}{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$,精度:${0.35}{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$) 测量蒸馏器内部温度,并每隔${0.5}\mathrm{\;h}$称重冷凝水质量。
太阳能蒸馏器室外实验情况如图 9 所示。
图 9(a)可见, 在工作过程中可以清楚观察到系统内部, 说明亲水性的冷凝表面对于太阳能进入蒸馏器几乎没有阻碍。
环境的辐照强度和温度以及蒸馏器内部温度如图 9(b) 所示。系统接收太阳辐照后蒸发界面以及冷凝面温度快速升高, 下午太阳辐照强度衰弱时温度又迅速下降, 说明界面蒸发具有较快的响应速度。由于室外环境风速不恒定,并且云层偶尔会遮挡太阳辐照致使系统温度存在波动, 蒸发面最高温度达到${58.2}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$,此时和冷凝面的温差达到 9.3 %。
系统的产水速率和累积产水量如图 9(c) 所示。 产水速率变化规律基本和辐照强度变化一致, 在 12:30 点最高,产水速率达 0.57$\mathrm{{kg}}/\left( {{\mathrm{m}}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{h}}\right)$,全天累积得到${2.89}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$的淡水量,热效率为${61.45}\%$, 接近室内实验产水性能, 蒸馏器在室外环境中可以稳定运行,且没有盐结晶现象发生。
本文针对太阳能蒸馏器热效率较低的问题, 制备了一种以碳纳米粉为光热转换材料, 聚乙烯醇水凝胶包覆的复合界面蒸发器。在此基础上, 设计了一种基于界面蒸发的单效太阳能蒸馏器, 分析了蒸馏过程中的能量分布, 找到能量损失最大因素并提出了相应强化方法, 并在室外真实环境下测试了改进后蒸馏器的产水性能。研究得到如下结论。
①亲水改性和疏水改性均能改善冷凝面的透光性,但是疏水改性会造成冷凝液滴垂直滴落,引起产水损失, 进而产水速率远低于亲水表面。亲水的冷凝表面更适合该类界面蒸发的蒸馏器, 对照实验中,装置产水率提高了 48%。
②减少蒸发器供水通道的横截面积及提高蒸发界面的蒸发温度, 可以显著提升蒸馏器产水性能, 但随着蒸发器供水面积占比的减少, 蒸馏器的产水性能先增加后减少,因而该面积占比存在最佳值。
③在室外真实环境下,太阳能蒸馏器的产水速率随着太阳光辐照强度的增强而同步变大, 测试当日产水量为 ${2.89}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
  • 辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300152)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Soteris K. Survey of solar desalination systems and system selection[J]. Energy, 1997, 22(1): 69-81.
[2]
Omara Z M, Kabeel A E, Abdullah A S, et al. Experimental investigation of corrugated absorber solar still with wick and reflectors[J]. Desalination, 2016, 381: 111-116.
[3]
Sampathkumar A, Natarajan S K. Experimental analysis on single slope solar still by the inclusion of agar-agar (Eucheuma) fibre and micro phase change material for the productivity enhancement[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 50: 104284.
[4]
Rahmani A, Khemmar F, Saadi Z. Experimental investigation on the negative effect of the external condenser on the conventional solar still performance[J]. Desalination, 2021, 501: 114914.
[5]
侯静, 李瑞晨, 朱国鹏, 等. 户用多效太阳能苦咸水蒸馏器产水特性研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2020, 38(4): 453-457.
[6]
Murugan DK, Elumalai N, Subraman S. Experimental investigation on the effect of basin pressure in a single basin solar still[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2021, 229: 10-16.
[7]
Ni G, Zandavi S H, Javid S M, et al. A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2018, 11(6): 1510-1519.
[8]
Xiao P, Gu J, Zhang C, et al. A scalable low-cost and robust photo -thermal fabric with tunable and programmable 2D/3D structures towards environmentally adaptable liquid/solid-medium water extraction[J]. Nano Energy, 2019, 65: 104002.
[9]
Wang Y F, Su F M, Fan Y M, et al. Solar interfacial evaporation properties of carbon nanotube polyvinyl alcohol composite surface[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2023, 300: 1-11.
[10]
Dunkle R V. Solar water distillation: the roof type still and a multiple effect diffusion still[A]. International Development in Heat Transfer[C].New York:The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1961.895.
[11]
Sartori E. Solar still versus solar evaporator: a comparative study between their thermal behaviors[J]. Solar Energy, 1996, 56(2): 199-206.
[12]
Garg H P. Treatise on Solar Energy[M]. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1982.
[13]
Galvin K P, Briscoe B J. The effect of surface fog on the transmittance of light[J]. Solar Energy, 1991, 46(4): 191-197.
[14]
Rose J W, Glicksman L R. Dropwise condensation-the distribution of drop sizes[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1973, 16(2): 411-425.
2025年第43卷第1期
PDF下载
310
150
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2023-11-21
  • 首发时间:2025-07-18
  • 出版时间:2025-01-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-21
基金
辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300152)
作者信息
    1 大连海事大学 轮机热能工程研究所 辽宁 大连 116026

通讯作者:

苏风民(1978-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为传热传质与船舶应用、制冷与空调、太阳能热利用。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kzsny/CN/1152989165345034326
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏