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A model of cement calciner using forestry biomass as alternative fuel was established based on Aspen Plus. Poplar wood was selected as the representative forestry biomass to replace 40% of the coal fuel, and the effects of gasification temperature, equivalence ratio, and biomass moisture content on the gas production components and calorific value, the outlet temperature of the cement calciner, and NO emission concentration was investigated under the conditions of lowtemperature gasification in a fluidized bed. Then NO emission concentration was taken as the response value, and the central combination test was carried out to establish the response surface and analyzed. The results showed that at a biomass feed rate of 11 000 kg/h, with the gasification temperature increasing from 550 °C to 700 °C, the content of each combustible component in the produced gas firstly decreased and then increased, and the increase in the content of the combustible component had a promotional effect on the generation of NO; at the equivalence ratio of more than 0.15, coke was mostly consumed by the gasification reaction, and the reduction of NO was weakened, which led to the increase in NO emission concentration; the increase in the moisture content of biomass led to the increase in the emission concentration of NO; the increase in the moisture content of biomass leads to a decrease in the content of each combustible component in the produced gas, and the outlet temperature of the cement calciner showed a decreasing trend; there was an interaction between the three factors, and the significance level of the effect of the equivalence ratio on the NO emission concentration was the highest, and the strongest interaction between the gasification temperature and the equivalence ratio was observed; when the gasification temperature was 550 °C, the equivalence ratio was 0.2, and the biomass water content was 12.5%, the NO emission concentration(442.91 mg/m³) was minimized
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基于Aspen Plus 建立利用林业生物质作为替代燃料的水泥分解炉模型,选取杨木作为代表性林业生物质,替代40%的煤燃料,在流化床低温气化条件下,研究气化温度、当量比、生物质含水率对产气组分及热值、水泥分解炉出口温度、NO排放浓度的影响。以NO排放浓度为响应值,进行中心组合试验,建立响应面并进行分析。结果表明:在11000 kg/h 的生物质进料速率下,随着气化温度从550℃升至700℃,产气中各可燃组分含量先下降后上升,可燃组分含量的升高对NO的生成有促进作用;在当量比大于0.15时,焦炭大多被气化反应消耗,对NO的还原减弱,导致 NO排放浓度上升;生物质含水率的增加导致产气中各可燃组分含量下降,分解炉出口温度呈下降趋势;三因素之间存在交互作用,当量比对NO排放浓度影响的显著性水平最高,气化温度和当量比之间交互作用最强;当气化温度为550℃,当量比为0.2,生物质含水率为12.5%时,NO排放浓度(442.91 mg/m³)最小。
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1 Key Laboratory of Thermal Energy Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1159145424474190661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, companyId=1159145424461607747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 东南大学 能源热转换及过程测控教育部重点实验室 江苏 南京 210096)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1159145425971557225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Modeling of a cement calciner system utilizing alternative fuels, figureFileSmall=Oe0OC/NWV14KyVWM9USraA==, figureFileBig=25a1MCCPT9li2KRaBtm6pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426026083178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=
利用替代燃料的水泥分解炉系统模型, figureFileSmall=Oe0OC/NWV14KyVWM9USraA==, figureFileBig=25a1MCCPT9li2KRaBtm6pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426084803435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Effect of biomass feed rate on calciner outlet temperature and NO emission concentration, figureFileSmall=ewhpr46t7dHfXtrEwhWBMw==, figureFileBig=cgLd+gpL4RsMaHSj63zVeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426151912300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=
生物质进料速率对分解炉出口温度和 NO 排放浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=ewhpr46t7dHfXtrEwhWBMw==, figureFileBig=cgLd+gpL4RsMaHSj63zVeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426198049645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Effect of gasification temperature on gas production components and calorific value and tar concentration, figureFileSmall=qfIDgdUVidF9S+hyDmu+7g==, figureFileBig=sd04MncrnuK6gQGOPLuH8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426252575598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=
气化温度对产气组分及热值和焦油浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=qfIDgdUVidF9S+hyDmu+7g==, figureFileBig=sd04MncrnuK6gQGOPLuH8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426311295855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Effect of gasification temperature on calciner outlet temperature and NO emission concentration, figureFileSmall=AHnKPmeeTE5fxOPvuiAOzw==, figureFileBig=nmaFqhb3PEW8EkRoziZDUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426370016112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 4, caption=
气化温度对分解炉出口温度和 $\mathrm{{NO}}$ 排放浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=AHnKPmeeTE5fxOPvuiAOzw==, figureFileBig=nmaFqhb3PEW8EkRoziZDUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426437124977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Effect of equivalence ratio on gas production components and calorific value and tar concentration, figureFileSmall=A7gV0wlDmjpwkFCDoN5ULg==, figureFileBig=wpjxcDEyxV4W1YTtSBn3Rg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426533593970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=
当量比对产气组分及热值、焦油浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=A7gV0wlDmjpwkFCDoN5ULg==, figureFileBig=wpjxcDEyxV4W1YTtSBn3Rg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426579731315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Effect of equivalence ratio on calciner outlet temperature and NO emission concentration, figureFileSmall=2aDJ39V+PP9J+fWZlAodSA==, figureFileBig=UvP+q3L5Kn/bmOOJlX0JBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426621674356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=
当量比对分解炉出口温度和 $\mathrm{{NO}}$ 排放浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=2aDJ39V+PP9J+fWZlAodSA==, figureFileBig=UvP+q3L5Kn/bmOOJlX0JBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426692977525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Effect of biomass moisture content on gas production components and calorific value and tar concentration, figureFileSmall=MZpVBn0vPA5oRXChWcoy7A==, figureFileBig=OEJl6m2hNvdaVpHRWYcr2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426743309174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=
生物质含水率对产气组分及热值、焦油浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=MZpVBn0vPA5oRXChWcoy7A==, figureFileBig=OEJl6m2hNvdaVpHRWYcr2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426789446519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Effect of biomass moisture content on calciner outlet temperature and NO emission concentration, figureFileSmall=DJIrmfRJNkeQ0zFKK2R6NA==, figureFileBig=WFm0KwaGkIcz/fV0wwLnjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426831389560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=
生物质含水率对分解炉出口温度和 NO 排放浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=DJIrmfRJNkeQ0zFKK2R6NA==, figureFileBig=WFm0KwaGkIcz/fV0wwLnjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426873332601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=
The impact of any two independent variables on NO emissions, figureFileSmall=pG7zXKuOPnHXXdKV80zYig==, figureFileBig=R+49G5zO/SFrYPCZ1nEYjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426919469946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=
任意两个自变量对 $\mathrm{{NO}}$ 排放浓度的影响, figureFileSmall=pG7zXKuOPnHXXdKV80zYig==, figureFileBig=R+49G5zO/SFrYPCZ1nEYjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1159145426969801595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Kinetic parameters of the gasification reaction, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应方程 | 反应速率计算式 | 序号 |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{O}}_{2} \rightarrow 2\left( {\alpha - 1}\right) \mathrm{{CO}} + \left( {2 - \alpha }\right) {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{1} = {3.7} \times {10}^{10} \cdot T \cdot \exp \left( \frac{150000}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{O}}_{2}\right\rbrack$ $\alpha = \frac{1 + {2f}}{1 + f}, f = {4.72} \times {10}^{-3} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{37787}{RT}\right)$ | ① |
| $\mathrm{C} + 2{\mathrm{H}}_{2} \rightarrow {\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}$ | ${r}_{2} = {16.4} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{94800}}{RT}\right) {\left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }^{0.93}$ | ② |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{{CO}}$ | ${r}_{3} = {4.364} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{248123}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}\right\rbrack$ | ③ |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{4} = {200} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{49900}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack \mathrm{C}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ④ |
| $\mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \leftrightarrow {\mathrm{H}}_{2} + {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{5} = {0.278} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{12600}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack \mathrm{{CO}}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack - \frac{\left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }{k}$ $k = {0.022} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{34730}{RT}\right)$ | ⑤ |
| ${\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{{CO}} + 3{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{6} = 3 \times {10}^{-3} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{124710}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑥ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2} \rightarrow {0.5}{\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O} + {1.5}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ | ${r}_{7} = {1.0} \times {10}^{4} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{136000}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑦ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow {0.5}{\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8} + \mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{8} = {1.0} \times {10}^{7} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{100000}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑧ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8} \rightarrow {10}\mathrm{C} + 4{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{9} = {7.9} \times {10}^{14} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{360000}}{RT}\right) {\left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }^{-{0.7}}{\left\lbrack {\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8}\right\rbrack }^{2}$ | ⑨ |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427032716156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=
气化反应动力学参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应方程 | 反应速率计算式 | 序号 |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{O}}_{2} \rightarrow 2\left( {\alpha - 1}\right) \mathrm{{CO}} + \left( {2 - \alpha }\right) {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{1} = {3.7} \times {10}^{10} \cdot T \cdot \exp \left( \frac{150000}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{O}}_{2}\right\rbrack$ $\alpha = \frac{1 + {2f}}{1 + f}, f = {4.72} \times {10}^{-3} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{37787}{RT}\right)$ | ① |
| $\mathrm{C} + 2{\mathrm{H}}_{2} \rightarrow {\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}$ | ${r}_{2} = {16.4} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{94800}}{RT}\right) {\left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }^{0.93}$ | ② |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{{CO}}$ | ${r}_{3} = {4.364} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{248123}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}\right\rbrack$ | ③ |
| $\mathrm{C} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{4} = {200} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{49900}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack \mathrm{C}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ④ |
| $\mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \leftrightarrow {\mathrm{H}}_{2} + {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{5} = {0.278} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{12600}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack \mathrm{{CO}}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack - \frac{\left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }{k}$ $k = {0.022} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{34730}{RT}\right)$ | ⑤ |
| ${\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{{CO}} + 3{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{6} = 3 \times {10}^{-3} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{124710}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑥ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2} \rightarrow {0.5}{\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O} + {1.5}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ | ${r}_{7} = {1.0} \times {10}^{4} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{136000}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑦ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow {0.5}{\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8} + \mathrm{{CO}} + {\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{8} = {1.0} \times {10}^{7} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{100000}}{RT}\right) \left\lbrack {{\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}\mathrm{O}}\right\rbrack$ | ⑧ |
| ${\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8} \rightarrow {10}\mathrm{C} + 4{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | ${r}_{9} = {7.9} \times {10}^{14} \cdot \exp \left( \frac{-{360000}}{RT}\right) {\left\lbrack {\mathrm{H}}_{2}\right\rbrack }^{-{0.7}}{\left\lbrack {\mathrm{C}}_{10}{\mathrm{H}}_{8}\right\rbrack }^{2}$ | ⑨ |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427095630717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Industrial and elemental analysis of poplar wood and coal, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 原料 | 工业分析/% | 元素分析 | 低位热值 |
| V | FC | A | C | H | 0 | | S | Cl | |
| 杨木 | 82.79 | 14.81 | 2.40 | 45.09 | 6.18 | 46.19 | 0.11 | 0.03 | | 16 296.76 |
| 煤 | 30.40 | 55.30 | 14.30 | 67.33 | 4.18 | 11.94 | 1.30 | 0.94 | 0.01 | 26 411.40 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427150156670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=
杨木和煤的工业分析与元素分析, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 原料 | 工业分析/% | 元素分析 | 低位热值 |
| V | FC | A | C | H | 0 | | S | Cl | |
| 杨木 | 82.79 | 14.81 | 2.40 | 45.09 | 6.18 | 46.19 | 0.11 | 0.03 | | 16 296.76 |
| 煤 | 30.40 | 55.30 | 14.30 | 67.33 | 4.18 | 11.94 | 1.30 | 0.94 | 0.01 | 26 411.40 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427208876927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Composition analysis of cement raw material % , figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| LOSS | CaO | | | | | | | |
| 36.02 | 42.78 | 2.13 | 13.12 | 1.84 | 3.03 | 0.733 | 0.07 | |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427263402880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=
水泥生料的组成分析, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| LOSS | CaO | | | | | | | |
| 36.02 | 42.78 | 2.13 | 13.12 | 1.84 | 3.03 | 0.733 | 0.07 | |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427326317441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Fluidized bed gasification model validation results, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 产气组分 | 文献值 | 模拟值 | 误差 |
| ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | 7.40 | 7.38 | 0.27 |
| CO | 7.65 | 7.19 | 6.01 |
| ${\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | 17.2 | 18.4 | 6.97 |
| ${\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}$ | 2.65 | 2.90 | 9.43 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427389232002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=
流化床气化模型验证结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 产气组分 | 文献值 | 模拟值 | 误差 |
| ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ | 7.40 | 7.38 | 0.27 |
| CO | 7.65 | 7.19 | 6.01 |
| ${\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$ | 17.2 | 18.4 | 6.97 |
| ${\mathrm{{CH}}}_{4}$ | 2.65 | 2.90 | 9.43 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427510866819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Results of model validation of cement calciner, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 文献值 1 | 模拟值 1 | 误差 1/% | 文献值 2 | 模拟值 2 | 误差 2/% |
| 分解炉出口温度/K | 1176 | 1177 | 0.09 | 1154 | 1144 | 0.87 |
| NO浓度 $/\mathrm{{mg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}$ | 776 | 778 | 0.26 | | 770 | |
| ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}/\%$ | 2.28 | 2.24 | 1.75 | 1.46 | 1.33 | 8.90 |
| ${\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}/\%$ | | 39.51 | | 40.12 | 41.8 | 4.19 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427569587076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 5, caption=
水泥分解炉模型验证结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 文献值 1 | 模拟值 1 | 误差 1/% | 文献值 2 | 模拟值 2 | 误差 2/% |
| 分解炉出口温度/K | 1176 | 1177 | 0.09 | 1154 | 1144 | 0.87 |
| NO浓度 $/\mathrm{{mg}} \cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}$ | 776 | 778 | 0.26 | | 770 | |
| ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}/\%$ | 2.28 | 2.24 | 1.75 | 1.46 | 1.33 | 8.90 |
| ${\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}/\%$ | | 39.51 | | 40.12 | 41.8 | 4.19 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427645084549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Level of factors, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 水平 |
| -1 | 0 | |
| $A/{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$ | 550 | 625 | 700 |
| $B$ | 0.15 | 0.175 | 0.20 |
| $C/\%$ | 7.5 | 10 | 12.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427691221894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 6, caption=
因素水平, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 水平 |
| -1 | 0 | |
| $A/{}^{ \circ }\mathrm{C}$ | 550 | 625 | 700 |
| $B$ | 0.15 | 0.175 | 0.20 |
| $C/\%$ | 7.5 | 10 | 12.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427762525063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=
Analysis of variance, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 响应参数 | 离差平方和 | 均方差 | 值 | 值 |
| Model | 125 800 | 13 981.84 | 49.26 | <0.000 1 |
| $A$ | 3 230.55 | 3 230.55 | 11.38 | 0.007 1 |
| $B$ | 90 265.45 | 90 265.45 | 318.03 | <0.000 1 |
| $C$ | 12 069.15 | 12 069.15 | 42.52 | <0.000 1 |
| ${AB}$ | 3008.44 | 3008.44 | 10.60 | 0.008 6 |
| ${AC}$ | 16.56 | 16.56 | 0.058 3 | 0.8140 |
| ${BC}$ | 207.51 | 207.51 | 0.7311 | 0.4125 |
| ${A}^{2}$ | 947.91 | 947.91 | 3.34 | 0.097 6 |
| ${B}^{2}$ | 16 673.31 | 16 673.31 | 58.75 | 0.000 1 |
| ${C}^{2}$ | 67.35 | 67.35 | 0.237 3 | 0.636 7 |
| ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.977 9 |
| Adj- ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.958 1 |
| Pre- ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.8325 |
| Adeq Precision | | | 27.526 7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1159145427825439624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119893612605453, articleId=1152989160894877774, language=CN, label=表 7, caption=
方差分析, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 响应参数 | 离差平方和 | 均方差 | 值 | 值 |
| Model | 125 800 | 13 981.84 | 49.26 | <0.000 1 |
| $A$ | 3 230.55 | 3 230.55 | 11.38 | 0.007 1 |
| $B$ | 90 265.45 | 90 265.45 | 318.03 | <0.000 1 |
| $C$ | 12 069.15 | 12 069.15 | 42.52 | <0.000 1 |
| ${AB}$ | 3008.44 | 3008.44 | 10.60 | 0.008 6 |
| ${AC}$ | 16.56 | 16.56 | 0.058 3 | 0.8140 |
| ${BC}$ | 207.51 | 207.51 | 0.7311 | 0.4125 |
| ${A}^{2}$ | 947.91 | 947.91 | 3.34 | 0.097 6 |
| ${B}^{2}$ | 16 673.31 | 16 673.31 | 58.75 | 0.000 1 |
| ${C}^{2}$ | 67.35 | 67.35 | 0.237 3 | 0.636 7 |
| ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.977 9 |
| Adj- ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.958 1 |
| Pre- ${R}^{2}$ | | | 0.8325 |
| Adeq Precision | | | 27.526 7 |
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