Article(id=1318316525224833485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1318316496934261092, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1749052800000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-05, revisedDate=1755532800000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792240752749, onlineDateStr=2026-10-17, pubDate=1784044800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792240752749, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792240752749, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792240752749, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1318316496934261092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='7', pageStart='1345', pageEnd='1568', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784044800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792240746004, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792240746004, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1345, endPage=1360, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1318316525417771470, articleId=1318316525224833485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=Study on the international competitive landscape of future energy technologies, columnId=1309226307205034609, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Hot Issues, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Future energy is a critical arena for national competition, where the growing energy demands driven by artificial intelligence and the need for energy security compel China to evaluate the evolution and competitive landscape of future energy technologies, optimize strategies to enhance global competitiveness, and ensure energy self-sufficiency. Utilizing the S-curve principle of TRIZ, the study analyzes and compares the technological evolution stages of future industries at the national level, constructing a competitiveness evaluation system that includes the Technology Impact Index, Technology Growth Index, Technology Maturity Index, Technology Attention Index, and Market Attraction Potential Index. The CRITIC-Entropy Weight Method is employed to quantify the competitiveness of future industries, with an empirical validation conducted using 13 technologies in the future energy sector across China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Results indicate that the United States leads in high-barrier fields such as controlled nuclear fusion and CCUS, with a maturity lead of 10-69 years over China; Japan and the United Kingdom hold localized advantages in virtual power plants and nuclear fission; China ranks first in competitiveness for six technologies, including deep-sea wind energy and high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, but its overall technological influence and maturity remain relatively low. The study provides a new approach for analyzing international competition in future industries and offers strategic recommendations for enhancing the competitiveness of Chinese future energy technologies.

, authors=Dan-ni LI, Cui-xiao FU, Jun ZHUANG, authorsList=Dan-ni LI, Cui-xiao FU, Jun ZHUANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1318316528324424153, articleId=1318316525224833485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=未来能源技术国际竞争态势研究, columnId=1309226307364418163, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=热点议题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

未来能源是国际竞争高地,人工智能驱动的能源需求增长与能源安全保障需求,促使中国需评估未来能源技术的演进与竞争态势,优化战略以提升国际竞争力并确保能源自给自足。基于TRIZ的S型曲线原理,分析对比国家尺度的未来产业技术演进阶段,构建包含技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数的竞争力评价体系,采用CRITIC-熵权法量化国家的未来产业竞争力,并以中美日英四国在未来能源领域13项技术为样本进行实证验证。结果表明,美国在可控核聚变、CCUS等高技术壁垒领域领先,成熟期比中国早10-69年;日本和英国在虚拟电厂、核裂变等领域具局部优势;中国在深远海风能、高效光伏电池等6项技术中竞争力排名第一,但整体技术影响力和成熟度偏低。研究为未来产业国际竞争分析提供了新方法,并为提升中国未来能源技术竞争力提供了战略建议。

, authors=李丹妮, 傅翠晓, 庄珺, authorsList=李丹妮, 傅翠晓, 庄珺, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

李丹妮(1995-),女,助理研究员,E-mail:。

傅翠晓(1976-),女,研究员。

庄珺(1981-),男,研究员。

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李丹妮(1995-),女,助理研究员,E-mail:。

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Analysis on international development trend of energy storage technology based on bibliometrics[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 296-305., articleTitle=Analysis on international development trend of energy storage technology based on bibliometrics, refAbstract=

The development and utilization of renewable energy have posed severe challenges to the normal operation and scheduling of the existing power grid systems. The identification and implementation of cost-effective and sustainable energy storage and conversion systems are particularly important. The energy storage technologies mainly consist of four types, i.e., physical, electrochemical, chemical, and phase change. This study uses the INSPEC database for retrieving research papers. A bibliometric method and the VOSviewer analysis tool are adopted to obtain quantitative statistics and perform cluster analysis; further, the analysis results are visually represented. The output of global papers on energy storage has exhibited a sustained and rapid development trend, and China has become the largest contributor to this type of research. China contributes more than one-fifth of all the energy storage papers and more than 40% of the highly cited papers. China, the United States, Japan, and Germany are interested in the development of supercapacitors, graphene-based energy storage materials, and electrochemical cells. The energy storage technology is interdisciplinary, which provides remarkable application for basic research characteristics and presents a good diversified development trend. Over the previous decade, research has mainly focused on electrochemical energy storage, microgrids with renewable energy source and energy storage systems, phase change materials, and thermal energy storage systems and hybrid energy storage systems. Simultaneously, rapid development and application of these technologies have been observed in related industries.

), Reference(id=1318316533546332691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=7, pageStart=1364, pageEnd=1374, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=刘志迎, 闫天星, 古继宝, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘志迎, 闫天星, 古继宝. 工业软件关键核心技术国际竞争态势研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2025, 43(7):1364-1374., articleTitle=工业软件关键核心技术国际竞争态势研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533609247252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=7, pageStart=1364, pageEnd=1374, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Liu Z Y, Yan T X, Gu J B, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Z Y, Yan T X, Gu J B. Research on international competitive situation of key core technologies of industrial software[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2025, 43(7):1364-1374., articleTitle=Research on international competitive situation of key core technologies of industrial software, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533684744725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=7, pageStart=104, pageEnd=111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=江瑶, 陈旭, 张凌恺, journalName=情报杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=江瑶, 陈旭, 张凌恺. 多维特征视角下未来技术识别模型构建及应用[J]. 情报杂志, 2024, 43(7): 104-111,137., articleTitle=多维特征视角下未来技术识别模型构建及应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533768630806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=7, pageStart=104, pageEnd=111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Jiang Y, Chen X, Zhang L K, journalName=Journal of Intelligence, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang Y, Chen X, Zhang L K. Construction of future technology identification model and its application: From the perspective of multidimensional features[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2024, 43(7): 104-111,137., articleTitle=Construction of future technology identification model and its application: From the perspective of multidimensional features, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533839933975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=895, pageEnd=906, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=张越, 余江, 杨娅, journalName=中国科学院院刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张越, 余江, 杨娅, 等. 颠覆性技术驱动的未来产业培育模式与路径研究——美国布局下一代集成电路产业的启示[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2023(6): 895-906., articleTitle=颠覆性技术驱动的未来产业培育模式与路径研究——美国布局下一代集成电路产业的启示, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533919625752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=895, pageEnd=906, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Zhang Y, Yu J, Yang Y, journalName=Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Yu J, Yang Y, et al. Cultivation mode and path of future industries driven by disruptive technologies——Enlightenment of the United States' layout of next generation of integrated circuit industry[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023(6): 895-906., articleTitle=Cultivation mode and path of future industries driven by disruptive technologies——Enlightenment of the United States' layout of next generation of integrated circuit industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316533978346009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=52, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=李梦婷, 石进, 李明, journalName=情报杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李梦婷, 石进, 李明. 国家科技竞争情报态势感知研究[J]. 情报杂志, 2021, 40(9): 52-57., articleTitle=国家科技竞争情报态势感知研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534041260570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=52, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Li M T, Shi J, Li M, journalName=Journal of Intelligence, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li M T, Shi J, Li M. Research on situation awareness of national science and technology competitive intelligence[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2021, 40(9): 52-57., articleTitle=Research on situation awareness of national science and technology competitive intelligence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534120952347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=1, pageStart=77, pageEnd=82, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=文力浩, 杨爱华, journalName=情报杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=文力浩, 杨爱华. 北约新兴与颠覆性技术趋势评估及启示——基于北约《2023—2043科技趋势》报告的分析[J]. 情报杂志, 2024, 43(1): 77-82,97., articleTitle=北约新兴与颠覆性技术趋势评估及启示——基于北约《2023—2043科技趋势》报告的分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534188061212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=1, pageStart=77, pageEnd=82, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Wen L H, Yang A H, journalName=Journal of Intelligence, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wen L H, Yang A H. Assessment of emerging and disruptive technologies trends in NATO and its implications: Based on analysis of NATO's Science & Technology Trends 2023-2043 Report [J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2024, 43(1): 77-82,97., articleTitle=Assessment of emerging and disruptive technologies trends in NATO and its implications: Based on analysis of NATO's Science & Technology Trends 2023-2043 Report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534259364381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=101, pageEnd=119, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=周松兰, 伍文中, journalName=浙江工商大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周松兰, 伍文中. 新科技革命先导技术差距测度与“三跑”赶超机制研究[J]. 浙江工商大学学报, 2023(4): 101-119., articleTitle=新科技革命先导技术差距测度与“三跑”赶超机制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534334861854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=101, pageEnd=119, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Zhou S L, Wu W Z, journalName=Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou S L, Wu W Z. Research on the measurement of the pioneering technologies gap in the new technology revolution and the mechanism of “following, paralleling and leading” to catch up and surpass[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University, 2023(4): 101-119., articleTitle=Research on the measurement of the pioneering technologies gap in the new technology revolution and the mechanism of “following, paralleling and leading” to catch up and surpass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534393582111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=3, pageStart=153, pageEnd=162, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=19, authorNames=于贵芳, 王海芸, 李骁健, journalName=科技管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=于贵芳, 王海芸, 李骁健, 等. 基于文献计量和专利分析的中美脑机接口领域技术竞争态势比较研究[J]. 科技管理研究, 2024, 44(3): 153-162., articleTitle=基于文献计量和专利分析的中美脑机接口领域技术竞争态势比较研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534452302368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=3, pageStart=153, pageEnd=162, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Yu G F, Wang H Y, Li X J, journalName=Science and Technology Management Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu G F, Wang H Y, Li X J, et al. Comparative study on the competitive situation of brain-computer interface based on bibliometrics and patent analysis[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2024, 44(3): 153-162., articleTitle=Comparative study on the competitive situation of brain-computer interface based on bibliometrics and patent analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534519411233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=3, pageEnd=20, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=21, authorNames=余南平, 张翌然, journalName=世界经济与政治论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余南平, 张翌然. 国际关系演变的技术政治解释——以美国对华技术博弈为分析视角[J]. 世界经济与政治论坛, 2024(1): 3-20., articleTitle=国际关系演变的技术政治解释——以美国对华技术博弈为分析视角, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534599103010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=3, pageEnd=20, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Yu N P, Zhang Y R, journalName=Forum of World Economics & Politics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu N P, Zhang Y R. Techno-political explanations of the evolution of international relations: From the perspective of U.S. technology competition with China [J]. Forum of World Economics & Politics, 2024(1): 3-20., articleTitle=Techno-political explanations of the evolution of international relations: From the perspective of U.S. technology competition with China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534657823267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=112, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=23, authorNames=陈星星, 田贻萱, journalName=改革, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈星星, 田贻萱. 中国新能源产业发展态势、优势潜能与取向选择[J]. 改革, 2024(5): 112-123., articleTitle=中国新能源产业发展态势、优势潜能与取向选择, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534737515044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=112, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Chen X X, Tian Y X, journalName=Reform, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen X X, Tian Y X. The development trend, advantage potential, and orientation selection of China's new energy industry[J]. Reform, 2024(5): 112-123., articleTitle=The development trend, advantage potential, and orientation selection of China's new energy industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534804623909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=16, pageStart=45, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=25, authorNames=许勤华, 张艳伟, journalName=人民论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许勤华, 张艳伟. 绿色能源的技术突破和未来能源产业前瞻[J]. 人民论坛, 2023(16): 45-49., articleTitle=绿色能源的技术突破和未来能源产业前瞻, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534871732774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=16, pageStart=45, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Xu Q H, Zhang Y W, journalName=People’s Forum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Q H, Zhang Y W. Technological breakthroughs in green energy and prospects for the future energy industry[J]. People’s Forum, 2023(16): 45-49., articleTitle=Technological breakthroughs in green energy and prospects for the future energy industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316534968201767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1607, pageEnd=1621, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=27, authorNames=琚春华, 曹倩雯, 宋雪姣, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=琚春华, 曹倩雯, 宋雪姣. 核心技术发展潜力评价及国际竞争态势研判——基于医疗设备产业的分析[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42(8): 1607-1621., articleTitle=核心技术发展潜力评价及国际竞争态势研判——基于医疗设备产业的分析, refAbstract=全球技术竞争日益激烈,技术垄断层出不穷,评估核心技术发展潜力及国际竞争态势,识别技术突破机会,对我国突破技术壁垒、提升技术竞争力至关重要。论文从专利技术性和商业性两个方面筛选核心专利,构建核心专利的国际专利分类号共现网络,基于节点中心性和热门度识别核心技术,应用技术系统进化理论进行技术生命周期拟合以确定具有发展潜力的核心技术,并针对此类技术选取国家专利占有数量、专利被引频次、专利技术覆盖、专利合作排名和合作网络地位5个指标加权评估各国的技术竞争力,研判竞争态势。通过对医疗设备产业的实证研究发现,技术发达国家借助供应链上游优势,占据重要技术地位,我国在医疗设备产业潜力技术领域短板明显,应有针对性的投入资源,结合政策牵引,构建完备的产业配套体系,保障我国医疗设备产业高效可持续发展。), Reference(id=1318316535047893544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1607, pageEnd=1621, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Ju C H, Cao Q W, Song X J, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ju C H, Cao Q W, Song X J. Research on evaluating development potential of core technology and international competition situation: Based on the analysis of the medical equipment industry[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2024, 42(8): 1607-1621., articleTitle=Research on evaluating development potential of core technology and international competition situation: Based on the analysis of the medical equipment industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535135973929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=723, pageEnd=732, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=29, authorNames=刘志迎, 姚嘉珍, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘志迎, 姚嘉珍. 生物反应器关键核心技术识别与国别差距研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2025, 43(4): 723-732,786., articleTitle=生物反应器关键核心技术识别与国别差距研究, refAbstract=生物医药行业已被全球公认为高技术行业。中国生物医药行业方兴未艾,其中作为关键装备的生物反应器在全球究竟处于何等水平,面向未来是否有竞争力是一个值得探究的问题。研究构建关键核心技术两阶段漏斗式筛选模型,一阶段采用社会网络分析法识别生物反应器核心技术领域,二阶段从创新链视角出发构建技术关键程度判断指标体系,从而筛选得到行业内关键核心技术;在关键核心技术筛选结果基础上构建“专利数量-专利质量”技术差距测度模型以研判国别差距。以全球生物反应器行业近十年专利数据为样本进行验证分析,研究发现:生物反应器行业内拥有关键核心技术315项,并主要集中于酶学或微生物学装置(C12M)及水、废水、污水或污泥的处理(C02F)领域;美国在生物反应器领域占据着绝对优势;中国在五个技术领域处于劣势,“被卡脖子”风险较大。因此,中国需要对生物反应器技术进行研发投入和攻关,以驱动该产业可持续发展。), Reference(id=1318316535211471402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=723, pageEnd=732, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Liu Z Y, Yao J Z, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Z Y, Yao J Z. Study on identification and national gap of key core technologies in bioreactors[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2025, 43(4): 723-732,786., articleTitle=Study on identification and national gap of key core technologies in bioreactors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535286968875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=3, pageStart=35, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=31, authorNames=陈升, 杨恒, 张楠, journalName=科学管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈升, 杨恒, 张楠. 基于Guided BERTopic模型的产业链关键核心技术识别与发展趋势研判——以未来工业互联网为例[J]. 科学管理研究, 2024, 42(3): 35-44., articleTitle=基于Guided BERTopic模型的产业链关键核心技术识别与发展趋势研判——以未来工业互联网为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535362466348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=3, pageStart=35, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Chen S, Yang H, Zhang N, journalName=Scientific Management Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen S, Yang H, Zhang N. Identification and development trend assessment of key core technologies in industrial chains based on guided BERTopic model: A case study of the future industrial internet[J]. Scientific Management Research, 2024, 42(3): 35-44., articleTitle=Identification and development trend assessment of key core technologies in industrial chains based on guided BERTopic model: A case study of the future industrial internet, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535446352429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=976, pageEnd=989, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=33, authorNames=马志云, 许雅洁, 杨芳娟, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马志云, 许雅洁, 杨芳娟, 等. 新兴技术成长阶段动态监测方法研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2020, 38(6): 976-989., articleTitle=新兴技术成长阶段动态监测方法研究, refAbstract=新兴技术成长阶段动态监测是一项较为复杂的工作,现有研究较多的从定性评价的角度着手,构建技术成长监测的一般方法,相关成果为更客观的量化方法选择奠定了基础。本研究旨在提供一种可计量的标准化新兴技术成长检测技术。具体包括:(1)运用数学模型将Gartner公司提出的Hype Cycle技术成长曲线以一种可量化的方式进行了呈现;(2)根据Gompertz曲线的数学特征给出技术成长阶段的划分和判定方式;(3)结合实际应用中可能出现的情况给出了新兴技术成长监测方法应用流程;(4)选取人工智能的3个核心技术对所提监测方法进行了实证检验,并给出了后续应用应注意事项。研究成果以期为当前技术成长监测理论和方法研究提供新的思路。), Reference(id=1318316535517655598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=976, pageEnd=989, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Ma Z Y, Xu Y J, Yang F J, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma Z Y, Xu Y J, Yang F J, et al. Research on dynamic monitoring method of emerging technology growth stage[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2020, 38(6): 976-989., articleTitle=Research on dynamic monitoring method of emerging technology growth stage, refAbstract=The dynamic monitoring of the growth stage of emerging technologies is a relatively complicated task. The existing researches start from the perspective of qualitative evaluation, and construct the general method of technology growth monitoring. Relevant results have laid the foundation for more objective quantitative method selection. This paper aims to provide a measurable standardization of emerging technology growth detection technology. Specifically, it includes: (1) Using mathematical models to present the Hype Cycle technology growth curve proposed by Gartner in a quantifiable manner. (2) According to the mathematical characteristics of the Gompertz curve, the division and judgment methods of the technology growth stage are given. (3) The application process of the emerging technology growth monitoring method is given in combination with the situations that may occur in practical applications. (4) The three core technologies of artificial intelligence are selected to conduct an empirical test on the proposed monitoring method, and the matters that should be paid attention to in subsequent applications are presented. It is hoped that our results provide a new way of thinking for the current technology growth monitoring theory and method research.), Reference(id=1318316535605735983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=81, pageEnd=92, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=35, authorNames=王珏, journalName=新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=王珏. 未来产业:指标体系与生态架构[J]. 新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2025, 46(3): 81-92., articleTitle=未来产业:指标体系与生态架构, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535693816368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=81, pageEnd=92, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Wang J, journalName=Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang J. Industries of future: Indicator system and ecological architecture[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Edition of Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2025, 46(3): 81-92., articleTitle=Industries of future: Indicator system and ecological architecture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535756730929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=31, issue=6, pageStart=30, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=37, authorNames=潘颖, 卢章平, journalName=情报杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘颖, 卢章平. 国内氢能源专利技术发展战略研究[J]. 情报杂志, 2012, 31(6): 30-34., articleTitle=国内氢能源专利技术发展战略研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535840617010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=31, issue=6, pageStart=30, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Pan Y, Lu Z P, journalName=Journal of Intelligence, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pan Y, Lu Z P. Strategic research on domestic hydrogen energy patent technology development[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2012, 31(6): 30-34., articleTitle=Strategic research on domestic hydrogen energy patent technology development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316535916114483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2024.17.008, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=68, issue=17, pageStart=95, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=39, authorNames=赵一鸣, 孙运涛, 孙晓蕾, journalName=图书情报工作, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵一鸣, 孙运涛, 孙晓蕾. 颠覆性技术早期识别方法及其在氢能源领域的应用[J]. 图书情报工作, 2024, 68(17): 95-108., articleTitle=颠覆性技术早期识别方法及其在氢能源领域的应用, refAbstract=[目的/意义] 颠覆性技术作为产业革命的核心驱动力,可以迅速颠覆现有技术的发展轨迹,具有强大的破坏力。实现颠覆性技术的早期识别可以帮助企业和国家尽早实施战略布局,促进技术创新与产业升级。[方法/过程] 综合多源异构数据,从新颖性、前瞻性、可行性和关注度4个维度,运用熵权TOPSIS法,构建颠覆性技术早期识别模型,并在氢能源领域进行实验验证。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明,太阳能分解水制氢、物理吸附储氢和质子交换膜燃料电池是最具颠覆性潜力的氢能源领域技术。), Reference(id=1318316535995806260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=68, issue=17, pageStart=95, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=40, authorNames=Zhao Y M, Sun Y T, Sun X L, journalName=Library and Information Service, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Y M, Sun Y T, Sun X L. Early identification methods for disruptive technologies and its application in the field of hydrogen energy[J]. Library and Information Service, 2024, 68(17): 95-108., articleTitle=Early identification methods for disruptive technologies and its application in the field of hydrogen energy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536167772725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=https://link.cnki.net/urlid/61.1167.g3.20250508.2001.002., language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=41, authorNames=李丹妮, 傅翠晓, 庄珺, journalName=情报杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李丹妮, 傅翠晓, 庄珺. 基于时序性培育的高潜能未来产业遴选方法研究: 以未来能源领域为例[J/OL]. 情报杂志, 1-10 [2025-06-01]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/61.1167.g3.20250508.2001.002., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536234881590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=https://link.cnki.net/urlid/61.1167.g3.20250508.2001.002., language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=42, authorNames=Li D N, Fu C X, Zhuang J, journalName=Journal of Intelligence, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li D N, Fu C X, Zhuang J. Research on the selection method of high-potential future industries based on temporal cultivation: A case study in the future energy field[J/OL]. Journal of Intelligence, 1-10 [2025-06-01]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/61.1167.g3.20250508.2001.002., articleTitle=A case study in the future energy field, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536310379063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.1002/ceat.v46.12, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=46, issue=12, pageStart=2590, pageEnd=2599, url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15214125/46/12, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=43, authorNames=Abdul R Z, Muhammad S I, journalName=Chemical Engineering & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Abdul R Z, Muhammad S I. Hydrogen fuel cell technology revolution and intervention using TRIZ S-curve analysis for automotive system innovation[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2023, 46(12): 2590-2599., articleTitle=Hydrogen fuel cell technology revolution and intervention using TRIZ S-curve analysis for automotive system innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536381682232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.1016/j.respol.2020.104156, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=51, issue=8, pageStart=104156, pageEnd=null, url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048733320302304, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=44, authorNames=Mewes L, Broekel T, journalName=Research Policy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mewes L, Broekel T. Technological complexity and economic growth of regions[J]. Research Policy, 2022, 51(8): 104156., articleTitle=Technological complexity and economic growth of regions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536465568313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.3390/su17031128, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=17, issue=3, pageStart=1128, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/3/1128, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=Peng L, Fan Z, Zhang X M, journalName=Sustainability, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peng L, Fan Z, Zhang X M. Consumer orientation and market-driven strategies for promoting low-carbon innovation in supply chains: Pathways to sustainable development[J]. Sustainability, 2025, 17(3): 1128., articleTitle=Consumer orientation and market-driven strategies for promoting low-carbon innovation in supply chains: Pathways to sustainable development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536536871482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=24, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=46, authorNames=吴华英, 刘霞辉, 苏志庆, journalName=中国软科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴华英, 刘霞辉, 苏志庆. 中国产业结构转型升级路径研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2022(3): 24-35., articleTitle=中国产业结构转型升级路径研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536616563259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=24, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=47, authorNames=Wu H Y, Liu X H, Su Z Q, journalName=China Soft Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu H Y, Liu X H, Su Z Q. Research on the path of transformation and upgrading of China’s industrial structure[J]. China Soft Science, 2022(3): 24-35., articleTitle=Research on the path of transformation and upgrading of China’s industrial structure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316536687866428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.02.00194, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=100, pageEnd=105, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=48, authorNames=顾天安, 许斌, 章东辉, journalName=科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=顾天安, 许斌, 章东辉, 等. 中美在关键技术基础研究领域的竞争态势与挑战[J]. 科技导报, 2025, 43(8): 100-105., articleTitle=中美在关键技术基础研究领域的竞争态势与挑战, refAbstract=基础研究是重大技术创新的源头。在国际科技竞争日趋激烈的背景下,科学评估中国关键技术领域基础研究在全球竞争格局所处位势刻不容缓。基于国际权威数据库近10年收录的2600万份高水平科技文献,综合运用文献计量、主题演化和可视化分析方法,通过自主构建竞争集中度、领先度和影响力评估指标,对全球关键技术领域竞争力进行定量刻画。研究发现,中国关键技术领域基础研究竞争力大幅提升,中国和美国两国“双峰格局”已初步形成,同时中国也面临着基础研究成果原创性不足等现实挑战。为此,应按照党的二十大要求,从完善科技创新体制机制入手,强化科技创新与国家安全“双轮驱动”,加快推动关键技术领域基础研究由“高数量”向“高质量”转变,为培育新质生产力、实现高水平科技自立自强奠定坚实基础。), Reference(id=1318316536763363901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=100, pageEnd=105, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=49, authorNames=Gu T A, Xu B, Zhang D H, journalName=Science & Technology Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gu T A, Xu B, Zhang D H, et al. 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Research Policy, 2019, 48(4): 1030-1047., articleTitle=Shaping selection environments for industrial catch-up and sustainability transitions: A systemic perspective on endogenizing windows of opportunity, refAbstract=Transitioning economic sectors towards more sustainable futures is a major global challenge, in particular for non-OECD countries. Policymakers in these countries are confronted with a double challenge: how to implement cleaner technologies and infrastructures while at the same time promoting rapid industrial development. In catch-up studies, this trade-off has been increasingly interpreted as providing windows of opportunity for gaining strong leadership in new generations of cleantech industries. In this paper, we maintain that in order to specify how these windows of opportunity can be endogenized, a deeper understanding is needed about whether, how and by whom the directionality of innovation systems can be influenced. For this purpose, we propose an analytical approach that draws on the technological innovation system framework extending the current understanding of directionality in two ways: first, we complement the prevalent top-down perspective with a bottom-up view exemplified by the institutional entrepreneurship literature. Second, we posit that the focus has to be shifted from the manufacturing of single technologies to the transformation of entire socio-technical systems. The presented framework is validated by a case study on recent shifts in the dominant technology in China's urban water management sector. Major changes in the country's sectoral selection environment led membrane bioreactor technology to become the dominant design in urban water management a development that is unmatched in any other country in the world. Owing to these transformations, China's technology firms outcompete multinational players and therefore they show strong potentials for industrial leapfrogging. However, although the promise to solve environmental problems played a decisive role in the shaping of the selection environment, it remains unclear whether the observed transformation leads the way to a more sustainable sector structure in the longer run. The case, however, still enables us to specify how windows of opportunity can be endogenized through the interplay of different actors trying to shape different layers of the selection environment in a specific sector.), Reference(id=1318316536956301887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=8, pageStart=1348, pageEnd=1364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=51, authorNames=李岚春, 刘清, 陈伟, journalName=中国科学院院刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李岚春, 刘清, 陈伟, 等. 新阶段美国清洁能源战略解构与比较研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2024, 39(8): 1348-1364., articleTitle=新阶段美国清洁能源战略解构与比较研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537035993664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=8, pageStart=1348, pageEnd=1364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=52, authorNames=Li L C, Liu Q, Chen W, journalName=Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li L C, Liu Q, Chen W, et al. Research and implications of the US clean energy strategy[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2024, 39(8): 1348-1364., articleTitle=Research and implications of the US clean energy strategy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537132462657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2014.01.009, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=68, issue=null, pageStart=591, pageEnd=602, url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0301421514000147, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=53, authorNames=Winskel M, Radcliffe J, Skea J, journalName=Energy Policy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Winskel M, Radcliffe J, Skea J, et al. Remaking the UK’s energy technology innovation system: From the margins to the mainstream[J]. Energy Policy, 2014, 68: 591-602., articleTitle=Remaking the UK’s energy technology innovation system: From the margins to the mainstream, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537203765826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.1016/j.esr.2024.101474, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=54, issue=null, pageStart=101474, pageEnd=null, url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211467X24001810, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=54, authorNames=Bai B, Zheng W, Jing C, journalName=Energy Strategy Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bai B, Zheng W, Jing C. Shaping the solar future: An analysis of policy evolution, prospects and implications in China’s photovoltaic industry [J]. Energy Strategy Reviews, 2024, 54: 101474., articleTitle=Shaping the solar future: An analysis of policy evolution, prospects and implications in China’s photovoltaic industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537270874691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=1, pageEnd=3, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=55, authorNames=李晓红, journalName=中国信息界, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李晓红. 推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合[J]. 中国信息界, 2025(5): 1-3., articleTitle=推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537354760772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=1, pageEnd=3, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=56, authorNames=Li X H, journalName=Information China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li X H. Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation[J]. Information China, 2025(5): 1-3., articleTitle=Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1318316537455424069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=10.11698/PED.20240625, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=52, issue=2, pageStart=478, pageEnd=487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=57, authorNames=王国锋, 吕伟峰, 崔凯, journalName=石油勘探与开发, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王国锋, 吕伟峰, 崔凯, 等. 全球二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存产业集群技术进展及应用展望[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2025, 52(2): 478-487., articleTitle=全球二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存产业集群技术进展及应用展望, refAbstract=系统梳理全球CO<sub>2</sub>捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)产业集群的发展现状,通过对比分析国内外CCUS产业模式和成功经验,探讨中国CCUS产业规模化发展的挑战和对策。全球CCUS产业已明显呈现出规模化和集群化发展趋势,北美地区在大规模CO<sub>2</sub>捕集、长距离管道输送、管网优化和大规模驱油等方面已形成关键技术体系,集群建设较为成熟,且产业模式逐渐由CO<sub>2</sub>-EOR向地质封存转变。中国CCUS产业各环节发展迅速,目前处于集群化发展初期,面临商业模式缺失、政策保障不足、关键技术相对落后等挑战。未来需完善政策支持体系,提升全产业链相关企业合作积极性;加强顶层设计和中长期规划,推动全流程集群示范项目建设;攻关全产业链技术体系,加强低成本捕集技术、管网优化技术、驱油和埋存技术研究;加强人才培养,强化学科建设和校企科研合作等。), Reference(id=1318316537530921542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=52, issue=2, pageStart=478, pageEnd=487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=58, authorNames=Wang G F, Lü W F, Cui K, journalName=Petroleum Exploration and Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang G F, Lü W F, Cui K, et al. Technical progress and application of global carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage cluster[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2025, 52(2): 478-487., articleTitle=Technical progress and application of global carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage cluster, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1318316532925575690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, awardId=2024-JZ-19, language=CN, fundingSource=中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2024-JZ-19), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1318316533001073163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, awardId=24692122900, language=CN, fundingSource=上海市软科学项目(24692122900), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1318316528571888090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1318316528584471003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, companyId=1318316528571888090, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Shanghai Institute for Science of Science, Shanghai 200031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1318316528592859612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, companyId=1318316528571888090, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海市科学学研究所, 上海 200031)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1318316529960202740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Technical roadmap for the study of international competitiveness in future energy technologies, figureFileSmall=ls+MRjHuf/o/tFdcI35zKA==, figureFileBig=Y4PSevwaFVPROaCh0j2kWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530060866037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=图1, caption=未来能源技术国际竞争态势研究技术路线图, figureFileSmall=ls+MRjHuf/o/tFdcI35zKA==, figureFileBig=Y4PSevwaFVPROaCh0j2kWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530257998326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Evolutionary stages of future energy technologies in China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom, figureFileSmall=Fi4yE4EgSmxSGd65CC3gCw==, figureFileBig=95FKbwGDhlWqk8vmrpXLag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530325107191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=图2, caption=中、美、日、英的未来能源技术演进阶段, figureFileSmall=Fi4yE4EgSmxSGd65CC3gCw==, figureFileBig=95FKbwGDhlWqk8vmrpXLag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530383827448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Comparison chart of comprehensive evaluation index for future energy technology competitiveness of China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom, figureFileSmall=nBqMEzegq8WWnYN1fFJ5uw==, figureFileBig=5APeGk4xz+4iq7eWtXdoiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530446742009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=图3, caption=中、美、日、英的未来能源技术竞争力综合评价指数对比图, figureFileSmall=nBqMEzegq8WWnYN1fFJ5uw==, figureFileBig=5APeGk4xz+4iq7eWtXdoiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530509656570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Comparison chart of the distribution intervals of technological competitiveness in overall future energy, storage, transmission, and production sectors for China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom, figureFileSmall=7ihDzkYwJZpUWxGzMcDzhQ==, figureFileBig=4aUUUqDNxuKXflsNTAXLKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530576765435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=图4, caption=中、美、日、英在未来能源总体、储存、传输和生产领域的技术竞争力分布区间对比图, figureFileSmall=7ihDzkYwJZpUWxGzMcDzhQ==, figureFileBig=4aUUUqDNxuKXflsNTAXLKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530648068604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Five-dimensional feature distribution chart of future energy technology competitiveness for China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom, figureFileSmall=DilFdPgfFs8ibjIaWbrwmg==, figureFileBig=UNauzziey6USrjMOkuzYdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530702594557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=图5, caption=中、美、日、英未来能源技术竞争力的五维特征分布图, figureFileSmall=DilFdPgfFs8ibjIaWbrwmg==, figureFileBig=UNauzziey6USrjMOkuzYdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1318316530782286334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Core papers and patent counts of China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom in future energy technologies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 技术 专利 论文
中国 美国 日本 英国 中国 美国 日本 英国
能源生产 绿色燃料 429 147 23 58 524 1415 371 318
深远海风能 1031 170 152 27 16739 835 1796 572
光伏电池 8746 1576 684 49 709 978 422 179
可控核聚变技术 184 59 6 0 550 1501 473 307
核裂变 1650 102 17 165 1644 850 395 110
海洋能 3550 640 285 241 5961 6876 1441 2581
能源储存 压缩空气储能 3016 369 111 45 830 348 59 152
电化学储能 12946 3651 1561 3240 12658 3491 1149 796
机械储能 2641 456 163 59 2811 989 296 374
氢能 9129 557 831 42 16791 3605 2085 1301
能源传输 虚拟电厂 2429 31 13 0 16785 3463 211 226
智能微电网 261 18 0 0 85 94 26 20
能源利用 CCUS 2978 1393 293 97 13054 7908 1285 3449
), ArticleFig(id=1318316530857783807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

中、美、日、英在未来能源技术中的核心论文和专利量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 技术 专利 论文
中国 美国 日本 英国 中国 美国 日本 英国
能源生产 绿色燃料 429 147 23 58 524 1415 371 318
深远海风能 1031 170 152 27 16739 835 1796 572
光伏电池 8746 1576 684 49 709 978 422 179
可控核聚变技术 184 59 6 0 550 1501 473 307
核裂变 1650 102 17 165 1644 850 395 110
海洋能 3550 640 285 241 5961 6876 1441 2581
能源储存 压缩空气储能 3016 369 111 45 830 348 59 152
电化学储能 12946 3651 1561 3240 12658 3491 1149 796
机械储能 2641 456 163 59 2811 989 296 374
氢能 9129 557 831 42 16791 3605 2085 1301
能源传输 虚拟电厂 2429 31 13 0 16785 3463 211 226
智能微电网 261 18 0 0 85 94 26 20
能源利用 CCUS 2978 1393 293 97 13054 7908 1285 3449
), ArticleFig(id=1318316530962641408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Evaluation indicators and measurement methods for the technological competitiveness of future industries

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测度指标 指标含义 测度公式 变量说明
技术关注指数(TOI) 通过论文和专利数量总和衡量技术领域的产出活跃程度,反映技术创造活力。 TOI=P+A P:WOS核心论文数,A:专利数量
技术成熟指数(TMI) 基于Logistic增长模型,评估技术演进阶段,计算2025年距离成长期开始点的时间与成长期及成熟期总时长之比。 $TMI=\frac{{T}_{current}-{T}_{growth}}{{T}_{decline}-{T}_{growth}}$ Tcurrent: 2025年,Tgrowth:成长期开始点,Tdecline:衰退期开始点
技术增势指数(TGI) 衡量Logistic曲线在成长期和成熟期内的平均增长速率,反映技术进步速度。 $TGI=\frac{\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{ }\left(81\right)}{{T}_{decline}-{T}_{growth}}$ -
技术影响指数(TII) 通过论文和专利的总被引用次数,评估技术在学术界和产业界的影响力。 TII=CP+CA Cp:论文被引用次数,CA:专利被引证次数
市场吸引潜力指数
(MAPI)
通过专利族数与专利总数的比值,评估技术在市场上的吸引力和创新集中度。 $MAPI=\frac{{F}_{A}}{A}$ FA:专利家族成员总数
), ArticleFig(id=1318316531067499009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

未来产业技术竞争力评价指标及测量方法

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测度指标 指标含义 测度公式 变量说明
技术关注指数(TOI) 通过论文和专利数量总和衡量技术领域的产出活跃程度,反映技术创造活力。 TOI=P+A P:WOS核心论文数,A:专利数量
技术成熟指数(TMI) 基于Logistic增长模型,评估技术演进阶段,计算2025年距离成长期开始点的时间与成长期及成熟期总时长之比。 $TMI=\frac{{T}_{current}-{T}_{growth}}{{T}_{decline}-{T}_{growth}}$ Tcurrent: 2025年,Tgrowth:成长期开始点,Tdecline:衰退期开始点
技术增势指数(TGI) 衡量Logistic曲线在成长期和成熟期内的平均增长速率,反映技术进步速度。 $TGI=\frac{\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{ }\left(81\right)}{{T}_{decline}-{T}_{growth}}$ -
技术影响指数(TII) 通过论文和专利的总被引用次数,评估技术在学术界和产业界的影响力。 TII=CP+CA Cp:论文被引用次数,CA:专利被引证次数
市场吸引潜力指数
(MAPI)
通过专利族数与专利总数的比值,评估技术在市场上的吸引力和创新集中度。 $MAPI=\frac{{F}_{A}}{A}$ FA:专利家族成员总数
), ArticleFig(id=1318316531130413570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Weights of evaluation indicators for the technological competitiveness of future energy technologies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 技术名称 技术影响指数 技术增势指数 技术成熟指数 技术关注指数 市场吸引潜力指数
能源生产 绿色燃料 0.34 0.08 0.14 0.34 0.11
深远海风能 0.23 0.11 0.09 0.43 0.13
高效光伏电池 0.38 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.09
可控核聚变 0.22 0.25 0.13 0.21 0.19
核裂变 0.16 0.20 0.23 0.28 0.13
海洋能 0.29 0.21 0.16 0.19 0.14
能源储存 压缩空气储能 0.11 0.21 0.18 0.34 0.16
电化学储能 0.24 0.15 0.13 0.32 0.16
机械储能 0.17 0.22 0.13 0.36 0.13
氢能 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.45 0.14
能源传输 虚拟电厂 0.18 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.09
智能微电网 0.08 0.15 0.17 0.33 0.27
能源利用 CCUS 0.13 0.24 0.14 0.28 0.21
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532367733251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

未来能源技术竞争力评价指标权重

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 技术名称 技术影响指数 技术增势指数 技术成熟指数 技术关注指数 市场吸引潜力指数
能源生产 绿色燃料 0.34 0.08 0.14 0.34 0.11
深远海风能 0.23 0.11 0.09 0.43 0.13
高效光伏电池 0.38 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.09
可控核聚变 0.22 0.25 0.13 0.21 0.19
核裂变 0.16 0.20 0.23 0.28 0.13
海洋能 0.29 0.21 0.16 0.19 0.14
能源储存 压缩空气储能 0.11 0.21 0.18 0.34 0.16
电化学储能 0.24 0.15 0.13 0.32 0.16
机械储能 0.17 0.22 0.13 0.36 0.13
氢能 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.45 0.14
能源传输 虚拟电厂 0.18 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.09
智能微电网 0.08 0.15 0.17 0.33 0.27
能源利用 CCUS 0.13 0.24 0.14 0.28 0.21
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532447425028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Discrete degree of future energy technology competitiveness and China's ranking

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 未来能源技术 该技术的综合竞争力标准差 中国排序
能源传输 智能微电网 0.50 1
能源生产 绿色燃料 0.47 2
能源储存 电化学储能 0.37 2
能源储存 压缩空气储能 0.37 2
能源生产 可控核聚变 0.37 3
能源生产 核裂变 0.32 2
能源生产 深远海风能 0.30 1
能源生产 海洋能 0.29 1
能源储存 氢能 0.28 1
能源生产 高效光伏电池 0.23 1
能源利用 CCUS 0.23 3
能源储存 机械储能 0.23 1
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532522922501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

未来能源技术竞争力的离散程度及中国排序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能源领域 未来能源技术 该技术的综合竞争力标准差 中国排序
能源传输 智能微电网 0.50 1
能源生产 绿色燃料 0.47 2
能源储存 电化学储能 0.37 2
能源储存 压缩空气储能 0.37 2
能源生产 可控核聚变 0.37 3
能源生产 核裂变 0.32 2
能源生产 深远海风能 0.30 1
能源生产 海洋能 0.29 1
能源储存 氢能 0.28 1
能源生产 高效光伏电池 0.23 1
能源利用 CCUS 0.23 3
能源储存 机械储能 0.23 1
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532590031366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

China's ranking performance across different evaluation dimensions of future energy technology competitiveness

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
技术领域 技术名称 技术影响指数 技术增势指数 技术成熟指数 技术关注指数 市场吸引潜力指数
能源生产 绿色燃料 2 2 3 2 1
能源生产 深远海风能 3 2 2 1 2
能源生产 高效光伏电池 4 2 2 1 1
能源生产 可控核聚变 4 3 2 2 3
能源生产 核裂变 4 3 4 1 2
能源生产 海洋能 3 1 3 1 1
能源储存 压缩空气储能 3 4 4 1 1
能源储存 电化学储能 3 3 3 1 1
能源储存 机械储能 3 3 4 1 1
能源储存 氢能 4 3 4 1 1
能源传输 虚拟电厂 4 3 3 2 1
能源传输 智能微电网 2 2 2 1 1
能源利用 CCUS 4 4 4 1 1
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532686500359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

中国在未来能源技术竞争力不同评价维度下的排名表现

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
技术领域 技术名称 技术影响指数 技术增势指数 技术成熟指数 技术关注指数 市场吸引潜力指数
能源生产 绿色燃料 2 2 3 2 1
能源生产 深远海风能 3 2 2 1 2
能源生产 高效光伏电池 4 2 2 1 1
能源生产 可控核聚变 4 3 2 2 3
能源生产 核裂变 4 3 4 1 2
能源生产 海洋能 3 1 3 1 1
能源储存 压缩空气储能 3 4 4 1 1
能源储存 电化学储能 3 3 3 1 1
能源储存 机械储能 3 3 4 1 1
能源储存 氢能 4 3 4 1 1
能源传输 虚拟电厂 4 3 3 2 1
能源传输 智能微电网 2 2 2 1 1
能源利用 CCUS 4 4 4 1 1
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532757803528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Comparison of international competitiveness evaluation results in future energy technologies based on CRITIC-entropy weight method, CRITIC method, and Entropy weight method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
未来能源技术 熵权法与CRITIC-熵权法排序是否一致 CRITIC法与CRITIC-熵权法排序是否一致 熵权法与CRITIC法排序是否一致
绿色燃料 是 否 否
深远海风能 是 是 是
高效光伏电池 否 是 否
可控核聚变 是 是 是
核裂变 是 否 否
海洋能 是 是 是
压缩空气储能 是 是 是
电化学储能 是 是 是
机械储能 否 否 是
氢能 是 否 否
虚拟电厂 是 否 否
智能微电网 是 是 是
CCUS 是 是 是
), ArticleFig(id=1318316532829106697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1318316525224833485, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

基于CRITIC-熵权法、critic法和熵权法的未来能源领域国际竞争力评价结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
未来能源技术 熵权法与CRITIC-熵权法排序是否一致 CRITIC法与CRITIC-熵权法排序是否一致 熵权法与CRITIC法排序是否一致
绿色燃料 是 否 否
深远海风能 是 是 是
高效光伏电池 否 是 否
可控核聚变 是 是 是
核裂变 是 否 否
海洋能 是 是 是
压缩空气储能 是 是 是
电化学储能 是 是 是
机械储能 否 否 是
氢能 是 否 否
虚拟电厂 是 否 否
智能微电网 是 是 是
CCUS 是 是 是
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李丹妮 , 傅翠晓 , 庄珺
科学学研究 | 热点议题 2026,44(7): 1345-1360
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未来能源技术国际竞争态势研究
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李丹妮 , 傅翠晓, 庄珺
作者信息
  • 上海市科学学研究所, 上海 200031
作者简介:

李丹妮(1995-),女,助理研究员,E-mail:。

傅翠晓(1976-),女,研究员。

庄珺(1981-),男,研究员。

Study on the international competitive landscape of future energy technologies
Dan-ni LI , Cui-xiao FU, Jun ZHUANG
Affiliations
  • Shanghai Institute for Science of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
出版时间: 2026-07-15
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未来能源是国际竞争高地,人工智能驱动的能源需求增长与能源安全保障需求,促使中国需评估未来能源技术的演进与竞争态势,优化战略以提升国际竞争力并确保能源自给自足。基于TRIZ的S型曲线原理,分析对比国家尺度的未来产业技术演进阶段,构建包含技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数的竞争力评价体系,采用CRITIC-熵权法量化国家的未来产业竞争力,并以中美日英四国在未来能源领域13项技术为样本进行实证验证。结果表明,美国在可控核聚变、CCUS等高技术壁垒领域领先,成熟期比中国早10-69年;日本和英国在虚拟电厂、核裂变等领域具局部优势;中国在深远海风能、高效光伏电池等6项技术中竞争力排名第一,但整体技术影响力和成熟度偏低。研究为未来产业国际竞争分析提供了新方法,并为提升中国未来能源技术竞争力提供了战略建议。

未来能源  /  技术竞争力  /  国际竞争态势  /  CRITIC-熵权法

Future energy is a critical arena for national competition, where the growing energy demands driven by artificial intelligence and the need for energy security compel China to evaluate the evolution and competitive landscape of future energy technologies, optimize strategies to enhance global competitiveness, and ensure energy self-sufficiency. Utilizing the S-curve principle of TRIZ, the study analyzes and compares the technological evolution stages of future industries at the national level, constructing a competitiveness evaluation system that includes the Technology Impact Index, Technology Growth Index, Technology Maturity Index, Technology Attention Index, and Market Attraction Potential Index. The CRITIC-Entropy Weight Method is employed to quantify the competitiveness of future industries, with an empirical validation conducted using 13 technologies in the future energy sector across China, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Results indicate that the United States leads in high-barrier fields such as controlled nuclear fusion and CCUS, with a maturity lead of 10-69 years over China; Japan and the United Kingdom hold localized advantages in virtual power plants and nuclear fission; China ranks first in competitiveness for six technologies, including deep-sea wind energy and high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, but its overall technological influence and maturity remain relatively low. The study provides a new approach for analyzing international competition in future industries and offers strategic recommendations for enhancing the competitiveness of Chinese future energy technologies.

future energy technology  /  technological competitiveness  /  international competitive dynamics  /  CRITIC-entropy weight method
李丹妮, 傅翠晓, 庄珺. 未来能源技术国际竞争态势研究. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (7) : 1345 -1360 .
Dan-ni LI, Cui-xiao FU, Jun ZHUANG. Study on the international competitive landscape of future energy technologies[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (7) : 1345 -1360 .
在全球科技竞争日益加剧的背景下,未来产业技术已成为主要经济体抢占战略制高点的核心[1]。作为全球第二大经济体,中国正通过未来产业布局推动技术自立与产业安全。未来产业高度依赖前沿技术突破,其技术的演进不仅影响中国在全球竞争中能否避免“卡脖子”技术约束,还关系到新质生产力的培育[2]。当前,未来产业处于孕育与快速演化阶段,尚未形成垄断格局,深度剖析美国、日本、英国等发达经济体在未来产业技术布局上的特点,对提升我国战略敏感性、赢得战略主动具有重要意义。为响应国家“超前布局未来产业”的战略,需清晰认知自身及主要经济体的技术演进阶段和发展特征。
未来能源是各国在未来产业的竞争高地。一方面,随着人工智能的发展,其算力的增加带来巨量能源需求。另一方面,未来能源技术的发展直接关系到国家能源安全保障。未来能源的快速发展正推动地缘政治思维迈入新阶段,对各国在国际体系中地位变迁具有潜在影响[3]。通过推动清洁、高效的能源技术创新,可降低对传统能源的依赖,增强能源自给自足以及极端条件下的快速恢复。因此,中国亟需系统评估这些技术的演进阶段与竞争力,以实现更高层次的安全。
然而,现有竞争态势研究多聚焦单一技术领域[4],缺乏对多国在未来能源技术布局中综合竞争态势的系统分析。此外,尽管已有研究关注前沿领域的技术演进阶段并分析各国竞争态势[5],但忽视了各国技术演进阶段的独特特征。基于上述背景,研究聚焦国家尺度的未来产业演进阶段,基于未来产业性质,从目前状态和未来潜力两个动静维度,技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数五个测度,构建未来产业技术竞争力评估模型,以未来能源领域为研究样本开展实证分析。旨在研判中国在未来能源领域的国际竞争态势,并深入分析中国在该领域优劣势特征。研究结论将为中国优化能源技术战略、提升国际竞争力提供理论支持,同时为未来产业国际竞争态势研究贡献新的分析方法。
未来产业是指依托前沿科技突破所催生的新质生产力,其产业状态多处于孕育或初始成长阶段,具有极强的不确定性和潜在颠覆性,决定了一个国家在下一轮国际竞争中的战略地位[6]。因此,对未来产业关键技术的研究不仅需要辨析其所处的技术演进阶段,更需关注其在国际竞争态势。
在新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速推进的背景下,主要经济体在未来产业技术布局中呈现“多极并存、分层竞争”的格局。美国在未来产业技术布局中依托国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)等机构,布局覆盖人工智能、量子信息、清洁能源、下一代集成电路及低轨卫星通信等领域,旨在通过技术预研、专利布局及企业并购强化全球市场垄断力[7]。美国政策将技术安全与经济安全深度融合,采取对外技术封锁与对内高强度资金扶持并举的策略,确保在国际竞争中维持“技术代际领先”[8]。日本以高端制造、智能机器人、高性能材料及新能源为核心,持续发力于关键零部件与工艺技术的优化。英国凭借顶尖高校与科研院所的资源优势,在生物医药、合成生物学、新材料及绿色能源领域形成了创新集群[9]。
中国近年来通过大规模科研投入与政策引导,加速布局未来产业,逐步实现从“跟跑、并跑”向“并跑、领跑”的跨越[10]。例如,中国在脑机接口优化设计与信号分类、脑机接口与编解码的装置和系统与方法这两个技术领域中的专利申请数量远远高于美国[11]。未来,随着地缘政治复杂化与技术博弈加剧,跨国合作与竞争的动态平衡将进一步影响全球未来产业格局[12]。需系统研判国家在未来产业技术发展的趋势与全球竞争态势,科学制定技术创新战略。
未来能源是我国发展未来产业的六大方向之一,可为未来产业发展提供持续动力。全球能源转型需求深刻驱动着未来能源技术的竞争态势,中国新能源产业在全球市场份额和技术产业化方面展现出显著竞争优势,但仍受限于技术短板及贸易保护主义压力[13]。
从国际视角看,主要经济体基于资源禀赋与技术优势,在氢能、风能及可再生能源领域形成差异化的竞争格局。美国在先进核能和CCUS领域表现突出[14];中国在新能源产业化和市场规模上占据领先地位,但核心技术自主性与发达国家相比仍存差距;日本在氢能和智能电网领域维持竞争优势;英国则加速风能、绿色燃料等低碳技术研发。
未来人工智能技术的快速发展将显著增加能源需求,进一步凸显未来能源产业在保障技术创新与应用中的核心地位。同时,未来能源发展直接关乎能源自给自足的战略安全保障,对于国家整体竞争力的提升具有关键作用。因此,亟需精细化刻画未来能源国际竞争态势,以支持精准培育和战略决策。
现有技术竞争力测度方法主要包括专家经验法的定性研究和指标分析的定量评估两大类。例如,已有研究评估各国在医疗设备产业核心技术的技术竞争力,发现技术发达国家借助供应链上游优势占据重要地位,我国在医疗设备产业潜力技术领域短板明显[15]。另有研究通过构建关键核心技术两阶段漏斗式筛选模型,发现美国在生物反应器领域占据着绝对优势,中国在厌氧消化工艺等技术领域处于劣势,“被卡脖子”风险较大[16]。
然而,现有国际竞争态势研判方法在未来产业领域的应用存在一定局限,主要因其忽视未来产业的长期成长性及国家技术动态演进趋势。鉴于未来产业处于孕育期且具高成长潜力,其竞争态势分析需超越当前状态评估,融入技术增长趋势等动态指标,以全面考量其长期发展潜力及全球竞争中的站位。
尽管已有研究尝试从技术演进阶段入手探讨国际竞争态势[5],但这些研究大多局限于单一技术领域或特定国家,缺乏对多国技术演进阶段的系统性比较分析。此外,各国技术发展受资源禀赋、政策支持和产业基础等因素的影响,呈现出显著的异质性。例如,有研究通过生命周期评价发现,相比美国,我国在大多数工业互联网产业链核心技术方面仍处于成长阶段,而美国已步入技术饱和阶段[17]。然而,以往研究往往聚焦于技术整体水平,忽视了各国技术演进阶段的差异性。为此,本文提出从国家技术演进阶段入手,系统剖析各国在技术发展阶段上的差异,进而识别驱动因素。这种方法旨在实现“知己知彼”的竞争态势分析,为制定靶向技术竞争力提升策略提供科学依据。
为系统评估未来能源技术在全球范围内的成熟度与竞争格局,本研究聚焦13项能源技术的成熟期分布与国际竞争特征。基于Logistic模型分析各国未来能源技术演进阶段差异,通过构建基于未来产业性质的五维评价体系,结合CRITIC-熵权法,对各国技术竞争力进行量化排序,如图1所示。
本研究论文数据采集自Web of Science(WOS)的核心论文数据库,专利数据主要来源于德温特创新指数(Derwent Innovations Index, DII)数据库。所有数据检索时间均统一限定为1970年1月1日至2024年12月31日,确保研究时间范围的一致性。中、美、日、英四国在未来能源领域的核心论文和专利量如表1所示,为技术演进阶段分析提供数据基础。
本文基于TRIZ的S型曲线原理,利用Logistic模型分析各国未来能源技术的演进阶段,将未来产业技术演进阶段划分为起步、成长、成熟和衰退四个阶段[18],其数学表达式如公式(1)所示:
$f\left(t\right)=\frac{L}{1+{e}^{-k(t-{t}_{0})}}$
其中,L表示技术发展达到的最大值,k是增长速率参数,决定技术增长的快慢,t0为曲线拐点,表示达到50%L的时间。成长期开始点Tgrowth和衰退期开始点Tdecline分别定义为技术增长达到10%和90%饱和值的时间点,并采用Min-Max标准化方法对论文和专利合并后的文献数据进行归一化处理。
未来产业以其科技前沿性、战略引领性、高度关联性、长期成长性及市场颠覆性等特征,对经济体系的演化及社会的进步产生深远影响[19]。鉴于未来产业的动态演化特性,不仅需研判其当前发展状态,更应评估其未来发展趋势。为系统评价主要经济体在未来产业领域的技术竞争力,本研究基于未来产业的内在属性,构建了未来产业技术竞争力评估体系(表2),从技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数五个维度展开量化分析。其中,技术关注指数、技术成熟指数和技术影响指数为状态指标,技术增势指数和市场吸引潜力指数为趋势指标。
具体而言,技术关注指数通过论文和专利数量表征技术创新活力;技术成熟指数采用Logistic增长模型评估技术在主要生命周期中的演进程度占比[20],以量化技术演进的阶段性特征;技术增势指数利用成长期和成熟期的技术平均增长速度,反映技术进步的动态趋势;鉴于未来能源技术具有较强的科学支撑并偏向于基础研究,技术影响指数以论文和专利的被引频次衡量技术学术和应用的综合影响力;专利家族为一专利在多国申请的集合,体现跨国专利布局的市场抢占策略,且专利家族规模越大,潜在市场及经济回报越高,故而以专利族数量占比反映市场吸引潜力[21]。
各维度指标通过Min-Max标准化处理后,采用综合考虑了数据的离散性、相关性和对比强度的CRITIC-熵权法加权计算[16],以量化综合技术竞争力。该模型旨在为多国技术竞争态势的比较分析提供科学依据,为制定靶向竞争力提升策略奠定基础。
(1)技术成熟期分布特征
基于前期政策扫描成果,识别出全球未来能源领域关注的13项共识性重点技术[22]:能源生产,重点聚焦绿色燃料、深远海风能、高效光伏电池、可控核聚变技术、核裂变以及海洋能开发技术等;能源储存,主要涵盖氢能、压缩空气储能、电化学储能、机械储能等;能源传输,包括虚拟电厂技术与智能微电网系统;能源利用,关注CCUS技术。通过分析技术成熟度,研判各国在上述技术领域的技术演进阶段,如图2所示。
根据TRIZ理论的S型曲线原理,技术的发展遵循起步期、成长期、成熟期和衰退期的演化规律,其中技术成熟期标志着技术性能的相对稳定和应用的广泛普及[23]。技术成熟期的开始时间反映了一国在特定技术领域的创新能力、资源配置效率和技术转化水平,因此各国技术成熟期开始时间的差异能够客观量化其技术发展的时序性差距。由图2可知,13项未来能源技术的成熟期开始时间跨度较大,从2003年(日本高效光伏电池)至2099年(英国深远海风能),说明未来能源领域,一方面,技术整体的演进程度存在差异。成熟期较早的技术(如高效光伏电池2003-2008年、核裂变2004-2025年)多集中于能源生产领域,反映了光伏与核能技术的长期研发积累与市场化应用。相反,压缩空气储能(2010-2034年)、虚拟电厂(2014-2075年)、CCUS(2014-2083年)等新兴技术的成熟期跨度较大,表明这些技术仍处于早期或快速发展阶段,技术路线与应用场景尚未完全成熟。
另一方面,相同技术在不同国家层面,以及相同国家在不同技术层面的成熟度存在差异。美国在能源生产(海洋能2010年、氢能2007年)、储存(压缩空气储能2010年、机械储能2012年)、利用(CCUS2014年)及传输(智能微电网2006年)领域具有先发优势,其成熟期比中国平均早10-20年,尤其在CCUS(2014年vs. 中国2083年)差距达69年,凸显其在碳中和技术与储能领域的深厚积累。日本在能源生产(深远海风能2011年、核裂变2012年)与传输(虚拟电厂2014年)领域成熟期领先,特别是在虚拟电厂技术中比中国(2066年)早52年,显示其在智能电网与核能技术的产业化优势。英国在核裂变(2004年)、绿色燃料(2022年)成熟期较早,但深远海风能(2099年)远晚于其他国家,反映了技术发展的区域性不平衡。
尽管中国不是在未来能源领域最先进入成熟期的国家,但在可再生能源领域展现了较高的技术成熟度。例如高效光伏电池(2008年)与美国(2007年)、日本(2003年)成熟期相近。然而,在新型储能(如压缩空气储能2034年vs. 美国2010年)、能源利用及传输领域,中国的成熟期显著滞后,技术差距在20-60年间,显示我国在部分领域的产业化优势与前沿技术领域的差距并存。
(2)中国未来能源技术的时序性特征
中国在高效光伏电池(2008年)、深远海风能(2018年)、海洋能(2017年)、智能微电网(2015年)、可控核聚变(2022年)、电化学储能(2022年)、和氢能(2020年)已进入成熟期,与领先国家的成熟期差距较小(0-13年),显示其在可再生能源与智能电网领域的产业化能力。例如,氢能中国(2020年)晚于美国(2007年)13年,但技术处于快速发展期,未来5-10年内可通过加大研发与试点应用缩小差距。
绿色燃料(2027年)、核裂变(2025年)、压缩空气储能(2034年)和机械储能(2030年)等技术的成熟期临近,但与领先国家存在5-35年差距。例如压缩空气储能中国(2034年)晚于美国(2010年)24年,中国可通过技术储备与示范项目进行追赶。针对这些技术,中国应优化资源配置,强化产学研合作,抓住技术窗口期。
虚拟电厂(2066年)、CCUS(2083年)的成熟期较远,全球主要技术路线尚未明确,但这些新兴技术领域我国与领先国家差距达50年以上。例如虚拟电厂(2066年vs. 日本2014年)差距达52年,CCUS(2083年vs. 美国2014年)差距69年。针对这类技术,需通过检测技术动态,加速技术突破。
(1)总体竞争格局
为阐明各国的未来能源技术竞争态势特征,分析对比各国的技术演进差异原因,明晰我国的技术领先点和追赶点,本文利用CRITIC-熵权法对未来能源技术竞争力的5个测度计算指标权重,如表3所示。
13项未来能源技术在5个测度上呈现出显著的权重差异化分布,反映了不同技术领域的发展阶段、市场成熟度和产业关注度的内在差异。从技术领域来看,能源生产技术中,高效光伏电池的技术影响指数权重最高(0.38),体现了其技术成熟度和产业化水平;深远海风能的技术关注指数权重达到0.43,反映了该新兴技术受到的高度政策和市场关注。能源储存技术普遍在技术关注指数上权重较高,其中氢能达到0.45,体现了储能技术作为能源转型关键支撑的战略地位。能源传输技术中,智能微电网在市场吸引潜力指数上权重最高(0.27),显示了其良好的商业化前景。
为研判未来能源领域技术的国际竞争态势,本研究采用CRITIC-熵权法量化技术竞争力并排序,并通过中国、美国、日本和英国竞争力得分的均值和标准差分析各国技术竞争力的分布特性,结果如图3及图4所示。由图可知,中国在深远海风能、高效光伏电池、海洋能、机械储能、氢能和智能微电网等6项技术中排名第一,覆盖近半数能源领域核心技术,呈现“领跑、跟跑、并跑”并举的态势。相比之下,美国在可控核聚变、压缩空气储能、电化学储能和CCUS等4项高技术壁垒领域领先,显示未来能源领域呈现“中美双峰”的国际竞争格局,中美关键核心技术竞争已经入白热化阶段。日本和英国竞争力分布分散,分别在虚拟电厂和核裂变领域具局部优势。
(2)技术竞争差距的集中与分散特性
为进一步分析未来能源生产、储存、传输和利用四大领域技术竞争差距的集中与分散特性,并探讨中国在其中的竞争态势及发展策略,本研究基于CRITIC-熵权法排序结果,计算各技术竞争力得分的标准差,如表4所示。结果显示,竞争差距分散的技术(标准差0.37-0.50)包括智能微电网、绿色燃料、可控核聚变、电化学储能和压缩空气储能,各国技术水平差异显著;竞争差距集中的技术(标准差0.22-0.29)包括高效光伏电池、海洋能、机械储能、氢能、虚拟电厂和CCUS,各国技术水平趋于接近。
在能源生产领域,绿色燃料和可控核聚变竞争差距分散,中国在绿色燃料排名第二,仅次于英国,而在可控核聚变排名第三,与美国差距较大。结合中国在可控核聚变技术成熟期显著滞后于美国和日本的时序特征,表明我国在该领域的基础理论研究和关键技术突破能力相对不足。难以发明和模仿且传播缓慢的高技术壁垒技术不仅能为领先国提供长期经济收益,更构成维护其竞争优势的重要屏障[24]。因此,我国应针对此类关键技术加强前瞻性布局,避免技术差距进一步扩大。
相较之下,高效光伏电池和海洋能各国竞争差距较小,中国均排名第一。尽管中国在这些技术领域的成熟期相对较晚,但通过快速的技术学习和吸收能力实现了技术优势的跨越式提升,技术创新与市场应用的协同效应使得我国在相关领域实现了后发先至的竞争态势。这可能源于消费者导向和市场驱动策略推动,从而促进能源生产领域技术竞争力提升[25]。
在能源储存领域,电化学储能和压缩空气储能的技术差距分散,说明已拉开技术差距,中国均排名第二,略低于美国,其中在压缩空气储能中,中国成熟期晚于美国和英国,反映技术储备与应用场景的不足;机械储能和氢能的国际技术差距较小,中国排名第一,显示我国在该领域具备竞争优势。
在能源传输领域,智能微电网的竞争力标准差最高(0.50),说明领先国家的技术优势明显,中国排名第一,成熟期早于日本但晚于美国,表明其通过快速产业化实现竞争跃升。不同于保持领先的竞争差距较小的技术领域,中国在竞争差距较大的智能微电网竞争力第一,这是由于智能微电网技术为近年来发展起来的新兴技术,主要经济体在该领域的先发优势较小,我国在智能微电网的经验可为其他新兴技术领域的发展提供借鉴。相比之下,各国在虚拟电厂技术的竞争力相差不大,中国排名第三,落后于日本。
在能源利用领域,各国在CCUS的技术竞争差距较为集中,中国排名第三,结合我国CCUS的成熟期远晚于美国和英国,凸显了中国在CCUS技术上的长期挑战。优化资源配置以平衡短期产业化优势与长期技术突破是产业结构转型升级的关键策略[26],因此,需加大对竞争差距分散型技术(如智能微电网)的投入以巩固领先地位,同时优先弥补低排序技术(如CCUS)的短板。
整体来看,竞争差距集中的技术多为中国优势领域,且成熟期较早,表明早期产业化可能形成竞争优势,但同时我国已步入基础研究“无人区”,亟需提升原始创新能力。相反,竞争差距分散型技术中,除智能微电网和深远海风能外,中国在多数技术上排序2-3,且成熟期晚,显示中国与领先国家仍存在追赶空间,仍将面临引领性和原创性基础研究成果短缺等问题,为防止差距进一步扩大,需针对性加大研发投入以突破技术瓶颈。
(1)基于评估测度的技术竞争特征分析
为系统评估我国在未来能源技术领域的竞争力与追赶路径,基于技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数及市场吸引潜力指数的测度数据,分析中国在中美日英四国中的竞争力特征及差异,结果如表5和图5所示。
技术影响指数显示,中国在智能微电网和绿色燃料等应用驱动型创新领域排名第二,具有优势,其影响力源于快速工业化和市场驱动战略。然而,其余领域的基础研究和创新应用的影响力上较为薄弱。例如,在可控核聚变领域,中国的核心论文篇均被引率和专利被引证次数分别为16.43和3.97次,落后于美国(58.95,7.28)、日本(28.63,2.65)和英国(54.71,5.59)。已有研究表明,我国先进核技术和先进能源技术的中美技术影响力差距仍在持续扩大[27],这种分布特征提示,中国需进一步提升高质量基础研究内生动力。
技术增势指数表明,中国在绿色燃料、深远海风能、高效光伏电池和智能微电网等领域研发动能较强,但在压缩空气储能、CCUS、可控核聚变等技术增速较慢,反映了技术储备的不足。例如美国、日本和英国的CCUS技术平均技术增长速度分别约是中国的2.32、1.13和2.86倍。
技术成熟指数揭示了未来能源技术演化阶段的差异化表现。中国除深远海风能、高效光伏电池、可控核聚变及智能微电网排名第二外,其余技术领域均较为落后。技术关注指数与市场吸引潜力指数是中国优势领域,12项技术在关注指数排名第一或第二,11项技术在市场潜力排名第一,凸显市场规模与需求驱动的优势。研究表明,市场结构变化和政策的激励作用可为后发国家打开新技术追赶的机会之窗,且这两个过程对于清洁能源技术的赶超过程尤为重要[28]。由此,将高关注度与市场潜力转化为技术影响力和成熟度的提升,是未来提升未来能源竞争力的关键。
(2)基于技术领域的技术竞争特征分析
在能源生产领域,中国在海洋能的研发动能与市场前景领先但产业化不足;高效光伏电池技术反映创新短板与市场优势并存;可控核聚变技术的产业化潜力待释放,仍需提升基础研究和应用的影响力;核裂变多项指标排名第四,需突破技术瓶颈。
在能源储存和利用领域,中国在技术关注指数与市场吸引潜力指数排名第一,但技术影响指数与技术成熟指数多为第三或第四,说明基础创新与产业化协同不足,亟需加速研发以突破技术瓶颈。能源传输领域,智能微电网竞争力强劲,多数指标排名靠前;虚拟电厂技术影响指数及技术成熟指数排名第四,仅市场吸引潜力指数排名第一,需提升技术集成。
(3)技术竞争差距成因分析
美国在可控核聚变、CCUS和电化学储能等高技术壁垒领域保持显著领先,体现为较早的成熟期和高技术影响力。这得益于战略性政策和强大的产业生态。美国能源部(DOE)和国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)为颠覆性技术提供巨额资金支持,推动了核聚变等复杂领域的突破。同时,《确保国防关键供应链安全》等“去中国化”政策限制了技术向中国的扩散,我国需警惕高技术壁垒领域差距扩大的风险[29]。
日本在虚拟电厂(2014年成熟)和深远海风能(2011年成熟)领域的领先地位源于其明确了数字赋能低碳发展的方向。然而,日本相较于中国的较小市场规模限制了其技术规模化能力,导致中国在氢能等市场驱动型技术上占据领先。英国在绿色燃料和核裂变领域表现出色,分别于2022年和2004年进入成熟期,且技术影响指数较高。这得益于《英国净碳战略》等脱碳政策驱动、私营部门的市场主导作用以及大型能源技术(如核能、CCUS)主导的能源创新转型[30]。
中国在深远海风能、高效光伏电池和智能微电网等6项技术中排名第一,得益于庞大的市场规模和积极的政策支持。研究表明,中国在太阳能光伏采用和生产方面已崛起为全球领先地位,得益于一系列关键政策措施[31]。然而,在CCUS和可控核聚变等高技术壁垒领域的差距则主要源于长期研发强度的差异。中国的研发体系更偏重应用研究和产业化,根据国家统计局数据,我国2024年基础研究投入占研发总投入的比例为6.91%,相较于近年来美国的16%-18%、日本的12%-15%、欧盟成员国的平均19%,仍存在一定差距[32]。美国已在可控核聚变深入研究60余年,美国能源部通过核聚变能源科学(FES)计划等计划和项目投入数百亿美元用于该领域的工程与基础研究。在CCUS领域,美国已实现CCUS集群化发展,在CO2强化油气回收(CO2-EOR)、地质封存等子技术上处于全球领先地位,我国在海洋封存具有一定优势,但整体项目规模较小,技术成熟度多集中于试验至工业示范阶段[33]。
为验证CRITIC-熵权法在未来能源技术竞争力评价中的稳健性,本研究将CRITIC-熵权法的排序结果与单独利用CRITIC法和熵权法排序结果进行对比,结果如表6所示。
由表6可知,与熵权法相比,CRITIC-熵权法在76.92%的技术领域保持排序一致,表明其有效继承了熵权法的客观性;与CRITIC法相比,CRITIC-熵权法在69.23%的技术领域保持排序一致,显示其在保留CRITIC法指标差异性分析能力的同时,通过熵权法的调节增强了结果稳定性。结合熵权法与CRITIC法之间61.54%的排序一致性进一步表明,CRITIC-熵权法能够平衡两种方法的优势,减少单一方法可能引入的偏差。
排序不一致的情况主要集中在少数技术领域(如绿色燃料、虚拟电厂),且差异多表现为部分国家的相对位置调整,而非整体排序结构的颠覆,说明CRITIC-熵权法在权重优化过程中能够有效整合多维信息,保持评价结果的可靠性和稳健性。由此可知,本研究方法显著提高了技术竞争力评价的适用性,为技术竞争态势分析和政策制定提供了坚实的理论基础。
为明晰未来能源技术演进阶段特征与竞争态势国别差距,以及中国在其中的优势、差距及追赶潜力,研究基于TRIZ的S型曲线理论,探究中、美、日、英四国在未来能源技术的演化阶段及进展态势。接着选择技术影响指数、技术增势指数、技术成熟指数、技术关注指数、市场吸引潜力指数5个测度评估各个国家竞争力,研判各国竞争态势,主要结论如下。
(1)全球能源技术成熟期分布特征
通过对13项未来能源技术成熟期的分析,研究揭示了全球能源技术发展的阶段性差异。美国在高效光伏电池、海洋能等7项技术中成熟期最早,显示其先发优势;日本在虚拟电厂、深远海风能等领域领先;英国在核裂变、绿色燃料技术成熟度较高,但深远海风能显著滞后。中国在高效光伏电池、深远海风能、海洋能和智能微电网等技术中进入成熟期较早,但在CCUS、虚拟电厂等新兴技术领域成熟期较晚,差距达50年以上,反映了我国在可再生能源领域的产业化优势与高技术壁垒领域的不足。
(2)能源领域国际竞争态势
基于CRITIC-熵权法的竞争力分析表明,中国在深远海风能、高效光伏电池、海洋能、机械储能、氢能和智能微电网等6项技术中竞争力排名第一,显示出均衡的技术分布与市场驱动优势。然而,在可控核聚变、CCUS等高技术壁垒领域,中国排名第三或第四,与美国、日本等领先国家差距显著。竞争差距集中的技术(如高效光伏电池)中国优势明显,而差距分散的技术(如CCUS)则需进一步突破。
(3)中国未来能源技术竞争力的优势与短板
中国在技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数上领先,这受益于市场规模与政策支持。然而,技术影响指数、技术增势指数和技术成熟指数多排名第三或第四,尤其在可控核聚变、CCUS等领域,核心论文被引率和专利影响力远低于美国、日本,显示基础研究与技术深度的不足,亟需提升原始创新能力。
(1)加强高技术壁垒领域的针对性研发投入
研究显示,中国在可控核聚变、碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS)和虚拟电厂等高技术壁垒领域与美国、日本的技术成熟度差距达10-69年。为缩小差距,中国需加大研发投入,与技术领先友好国开展科技创新合作加速技术储备与示范项目,提前布局关键技术路线,缩短与领先国家的技术差距。
(2)加强产学研合作,巩固竞争差距集中领域的领先地位
针对高效光伏电池、海洋能、机械储能等竞争差距集中的技术领域,中国应继续发挥市场规模优势,通过建立产学研合作平台,整合高校、科研院所和企业资源,聚焦技术的规模化应用,通过公私合作和优化技术转移机制加速商业化进程。
(3)利用政策驱动市场激励,促进国产技术采用
研究强调中国在氢能和高效光伏电池等领域的市场吸引潜力排名第一,市场规模和政策支持是其优势。为进一步巩固优势,中国应通过补贴、税收优惠和优先采购等激励措施,推动国产技术的市场,减少对进口技术的依赖,提升中国在全球能源技术市场的竞争力。
本研究提出的核心技术发展潜力评价及国际竞争态势研判方法具有较强的科学性和应用价值。首先,通过从技术指标到具体技术领域的精细化分析,本研究构建的评价体系全面覆盖了技术竞争力的多维特征,新增技术关注指数和市场吸引潜力指数,突出了技术应用与市场导向的重要性,提升了评价结果的实践指导意义。其次,本研究基于生命周期理论,重点分析核心技术的阶段性发展特征,拓展了现有技术潜力评价的研究视角。最后,本文研究国家在未来产业核心技术领域的技术竞争力构成特征,回应了未来产业技术突破路径的实践诉求。
然而本研究也存在一些不足。例如,在数据源选取方面,未能充分纳入技术的最新研究进展和市场动态。未来研究可考虑整合文献、行业报告、商业数据等多源数据,以更全面地研判未来产业发展的态势。
  • 中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2024-JZ-19)
  • 上海市软科学项目(24692122900)
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2026年第44卷第7期
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  • 接收时间:2025-06-05
  • 首发时间:2026-10-17
  • 出版时间:2026-07-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05
  • 修回日期:2025-08-19
基金
中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2024-JZ-19)
上海市软科学项目(24692122900)
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    上海市科学学研究所, 上海 200031
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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