Article(id=1317436281492193908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436203545243877, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1747929600000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-23, revisedDate=1758902400000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792030886290, onlineDateStr=2026-10-15, pubDate=1786723200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792030886290, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792030886290, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792030886290, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1317436203545243877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='8', pageStart='1569', pageEnd='1792', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786723200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792030867705, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792031039088, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1317436922423792157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436203545243877, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1317436922427986462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436203545243877, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1756, endPage=1768, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1317436283299938933, articleId=1317436281492193908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=Research on the impact of financial-industrial integration on the new quality productive forces of enterprises, columnId=1309226375089840648, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Frontiers and Opinions, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Adversity stimulates transformation, deficiency cultivates diligence, and affluence requires strategic foresight. The combination of production and financing is not only a power source for enterprises to promote new quality productive forces, but also a strategic fulcrum for accelerating the construction of a modernized industrial system and realizing innovation-driven and high-quality development. Existing research focuses primarily on the impact of financial-industrial integration on corporate operating performance, investment efficiency, business risk, and credit availability. However, studies examining the relationship between financial-industrial integration and corporate innovation are relatively scarce. As a crucial mode of financial-industrial integration, enterprise investment in banks reshapes the bank-firm relationship through capital nexus, injecting new impetus into the development of new quality productive forces.

Based on the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2023, this paper examines the impact and mechanisms of industry-finance integration on new quality productive forces of enterprises. It finds that financial-industrial integration significantly improves the new quality productive forces of enterprises, especially improving labor resources and realizing the leap of optimal combination. Mechanism analysis reveals that the combination of industry and finance mainly enhances new quality productive forces by alleviating financing constraints, curbing over-indebtedness and reducing agency costs. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect of financial-industrial integration on firms’ new quality productive forces is more pronounced among firms in the central and western regions, where credit resources are scarce, as well as firms that receive fewer government subsidies, manufacturing firms and small-scale firms.

The potential contributions of this paper include the following aspects. First, existing literature focuses on the impact of corporate transformation and development as well as the external market environment on new quality productive forces. However, few studies analyze how to enhance enterprises’ new quality productive forces from the perspective of financial-industrial integration. This paper examines the relationship between financial-industrial integration and new quality productive forces of enterprises, thereby enriching the field of new quality productive studies. Second, this paper investigates the mechanisms through which financial-industrial integration promotes the development of enterprises’ new quality productive forces from the perspectives of alleviating financing constraints, curbing over-indebtedness, and reducing agency costs. It provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the cultivation of enterprises’ new quality productive forces. Third, this paper analyzes the heterogeneous effects of financial-industrial integration on the development of enterprises’ new quality productive forces under varying regional and enterprise-specific characteristics. By considering these differences, it provides valuable insights for enterprise strategic decision-making and policy formulation.

Based on the above findings, this study provides a theoretical foundation and policy implications to support enterprises in holding shares in non-listed banks and accelerate the development of new quality productive forces. The following recommendations are proposed in this paper. First, policy mechanisms should be optimized to actively promote financial-industrial integration among enterprises. This can be achieved through two key measures: gradually relaxing equity holding limits and developing differentiated policy frameworks. Second, industry supervision should be strengthened to regulate enterprise shareholding behaviors. Third, enterprises should optimize their strategic layout for financial-industrial integration to accelerate the cultivation of new quality productive forces.

, authors=Kai-xing CAI1, Xue-jun JIN2, authorsList=Kai-xing CAI, Xue-jun JIN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1317436283815838326, articleId=1317436281492193908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响研究, columnId=1309226375303750154, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=前沿与观点, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

“穷则思变,差则思勤,富则思远”。深化产融结合,不仅是企业培育和壮大新质生产力的动力源泉,也是加快构建现代化产业体系、实现创新驱动引领高质量发展的战略支点。本文利用2011-2023年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响及作用机制。研究发现,产融结合显著提升了企业新质生产力水平,尤其是加快企业新质劳动资料培育和实现优化组合的跃升。机制检验发现,产融结合主要通过缓解融资约束、抑制过度负债和降低委托代理成本来提升企业新质生产力水平。异质性分析表明,在信贷资源缺乏的中西部地区的企业,以及获得较少政府补助的企业、制造业企业和小规模企业中,产融结合对企业新质生产力的促进作用更显著。本研究为支持企业持股非上市银行、加快新质生产力发展提供了理论依据和政策启示。

, authors=蔡凯星1, 金雪军2, authorsList=蔡凯星, 金雪军, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

金雪军(1958-),男,教授、博士生导师。

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蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

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蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

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金雪军(1958-),男,教授、博士生导师。

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Academic Monthly, 2025, 57(3):60-71., articleTitle=Digitalization empowers new quality productivity in enterprises: High quality innovation and supply chain optimization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436290413478580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=943, pageEnd=954, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=张秀娥, 王卫, 于泳波, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张秀娥, 王卫, 于泳波. 数智化转型对企业新质生产力的影响研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2025, 43(5):943-954., articleTitle=数智化转型对企业新质生产力的影响研究, refAbstract=新质生产力是推动企业高质量发展的强劲推动力和支撑力,研究其驱动因素对于企业发展至关重要。本研究基于动态资源基础观,利用2015-2022年中国A股上市公司数据,实证分析了数智化转型对企业新质生产力的影响及异质性特征,并对吸收能力的中介作用和市场竞争强度的调节作用进行了检验。研究发现:(1)数智化转型对企业新质生产力水平的提升有显著影响;(2)吸收能力在数智化转型与企业新质生产力关系间发挥中介作用;(3)市场竞争强度在数智化转型与企业新质生产力关系间发挥正向调节作用;(4)相较于国有、中西部地区、衰退期的企业,非国有、东部地区、成长期和成熟期的企业实施数智化转型更能促进新质生产力水平提升。研究结论为企业数智化转型和提升新质生产力提供了理论支持,并丰富了相关实证研究。), Reference(id=1317436290472198837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=943, pageEnd=954, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Zhang X E, Wang W, Yu Y, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X E, Wang W, Yu Y. Research on the influence of digital intelligence transformation on the new quality productivity of enterprises[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2025, 43(5):943-954., articleTitle=Research on the influence of digital intelligence transformation on the new quality productivity of enterprises, refAbstract=New quality productivity is a powerful driving force and supporting force to promote the high-quality development of enterprises. This view has been widely recognized by the community. Accelerating the development of new quality productivity will help enterprises enhance their competitive advantage and realize sustainable development. However, the existing literature focuses on exploring the connotation characteristics and value significance of new quality productivity, and there are few empirical research models to explore its driving forces. Some studies believe that the digital intelligence transformation is the core driving force to lead the innovation and development of enterprises, and whether the digital intelligence transformation can improve the new quality productivity level of enterprises is an urgent topic to be discussed.Based on the dynamic resource-based view, using the data of China A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2022, this paper empirically analyzes the influence and heterogeneity of digital intelligence transformation on the new quality productivity of enterprises, and tests the mediating role of absorptive capacity and the moderating role of competitive intensity. It is found that: (1) the digital intelligence transformation has a significant impact on the improvement of the new quality productivity level of enterprises, and this conclusion still holds after various robustness tests. (2) the digital intelligence transformation can improve the absorptive capacity and new quality productivity of enterprises, and the absorptive capacity plays a mediating role in the relationship between the digital intelligence transformation and new quality productivity of enterprises. (3) the competitive intensity plays a positive role in moderating the relationship between the digital intelligence transformation and the new quality productivity of enterprises. (4) heterogeneity analysis shows that, compared with state-owned enterprises, enterprises in the central and western regions and in recession, non-state-owned, eastern regions, growing and mature regions can promote the improvement of new quality productivity by implementing digital intelligence transformation. The theoretical contributions of this study are as follows: first, the existing literature focuses on the connotation characteristics and value significance of new quality productivity, while there are few empirical research models to explore its driving factors. This study examines the influence of digital intelligence transformation on the new quality productivity level of enterprises through empirical research, which not only provides theoretical reference for promoting the transformation of digital intelligence and improving the new quality productivity level of enterprises, but also enriches the empirical research on the relationship between digital intelligence transformation and new quality productivity of enterprises. Second, based on the dynamic resource-based view, the theoretical model of "digital intelligence transformation-absorptive capacity-new quality productivity of enterprises" is constructed, and the intermediate transmission mechanism of absorptive capacity is deeply analyzed, which opens the "black box" in the process of digital intelligence transformation and empowerment of new quality productivity of enterprises. Thirdly, by including the industry competitive intensity at the macro level as a moderating variable, the boundary conditions of the impact of digital intelligence transformation on the new quality productivity of enterprises are further clarified, which is helpful to clarify the complex and diverse relationship between them and enrich the relevant research on the dynamic resource-based view.), Reference(id=1317436290551890614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=12, pageStart=19, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=陈邑早, 解纯慧, 王圣媛, journalName=科研管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈邑早, 解纯慧, 王圣媛, 等. 放宽市场准入对企业新质生产力的影响研究[J]. 科研管理, 2024, 45(12):19-28., articleTitle=放宽市场准入对企业新质生产力的影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436292267360952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=45, issue=12, pageStart=19, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Chen Y Z, Xie C H, Wang S Y, journalName=Science Research Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Y Z, Xie C H, Wang S Y, et al. 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China Population, Resources and Environment, 2024, 34(10):66-79., articleTitle=Impact of scitech finance policy on carbon neutrality technology innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436294502925011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=69, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=43, authorNames=康志勇, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=康志勇. 政府补贴促进了企业专利质量提升吗?[J]. 科学学研究, 2018, 36(1):69-80., articleTitle=政府补贴促进了企业专利质量提升吗?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436294565839572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=69, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=44, authorNames=Kang Z Y, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kang Z Y. 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Journal of Management Sciences in China, 2025, 28(3):59-78., articleTitle=Public environmental pressure and firms innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436294754583255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=94, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=47, authorNames=毛其淋, 许家云, journalName=中国工业经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=毛其淋, 许家云. 政府补贴对企业新产品创新的影响——基于补贴强度“适度区间”的视角[J]. 中国工业经济, 2015(6):94-107., articleTitle=政府补贴对企业新产品创新的影响——基于补贴强度“适度区间”的视角, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436294821692120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=94, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=48, authorNames=Mao Q L, Xu J Y, journalName=China Industrial Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mao Q L, Xu J Y. 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China Industrial Economics, 2015(6):94-107., articleTitle=The effect of government subsidy on firms’ new product innovation - An analysis based on the moderate interval of subsidy intensity, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1317436284205908599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436284214297208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, companyId=1317436284205908599, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Postdoctoral Research Station of School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436284222685817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, companyId=1317436284205908599, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学经济学院博士后流动站, 浙江杭州 310000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1317436284298183290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436284306571899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, companyId=1317436284298183290, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436284314960508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, companyId=1317436284298183290, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 浙江大学经济学院, 浙江杭州 310000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1317436285636166289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 观测值 均值 中位数 标准差 最小值 最大值
NQPF 24900 13.607 11.620 8.570 2.456 42.017
NQPF_1 24900 9.392 6.535 8.319 1.145 43.682
NQPF_2 24900 10.701 6.383 10.727 0.774 52.406
NQPF_3 24900 24.660 20.229 19.582 1.510 82.938
NQPF_4 24900 13.217 10.332 9.731 3.315 56.116
Integration 24900 0.058 0.000 0.234 0.000 1.000
Age 24900 2.920 2.972 0.345 1.794 3.547
DLR 24900 0.435 0.430 0.197 0.063 0.889
ROA 24900 0.036 0.036 0.060 -0.225 0.195
TobinQ 24900 0.528 0.427 0.468 -0.187 2.118
Top10 24900 58.680 59.510 15.887 22.220 91.110
PGDP 24900 4.987 5.027 0.221 4.355 5.309
Pop 24900 6.462 6.496 0.631 4.711 8.129
MOB 24900 3.068 3.078 0.387 2.049 3.647
), ArticleFig(id=1317436285703275154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 观测值 均值 中位数 标准差 最小值 最大值
NQPF 24900 13.607 11.620 8.570 2.456 42.017
NQPF_1 24900 9.392 6.535 8.319 1.145 43.682
NQPF_2 24900 10.701 6.383 10.727 0.774 52.406
NQPF_3 24900 24.660 20.229 19.582 1.510 82.938
NQPF_4 24900 13.217 10.332 9.731 3.315 56.116
Integration 24900 0.058 0.000 0.234 0.000 1.000
Age 24900 2.920 2.972 0.345 1.794 3.547
DLR 24900 0.435 0.430 0.197 0.063 0.889
ROA 24900 0.036 0.036 0.060 -0.225 0.195
TobinQ 24900 0.528 0.427 0.468 -0.187 2.118
Top10 24900 58.680 59.510 15.887 22.220 91.110
PGDP 24900 4.987 5.027 0.221 4.355 5.309
Pop 24900 6.462 6.496 0.631 4.711 8.129
MOB 24900 3.068 3.078 0.387 2.049 3.647
), ArticleFig(id=1317436285795549843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Baseline regression results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3)
Integration 0.367*** 0.379*** 0.379**
(2.636) (2.714) (2.055)
Age 0.862* 0.862
(1.840) (0.869)
DLR 1.703*** 1.703***
(6.163) (3.542)
ROA 3.155*** 3.155***
(5.295) (3.937)
TobinQ -0.547*** -0.547***
(-5.593) (-3.782)
Top10 0.012*** 0.012*
(3.335) (1.795)
PGDP 2.322*** 2.322**
(4.345) (2.184)
Pop -0.449* -0.449
(-1.783) (-0.900)
MOB 0.365 0.365
(1.134) (0.796)
Constant 13.586*** -0.029 -0.029
(524.895) (-0.009) (-0.004)
时间固定效应 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是
N 24,900 24,900 24,900
R2 0.819 0.820 0.820
), ArticleFig(id=1317436285875241620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基准回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3)
Integration 0.367*** 0.379*** 0.379**
(2.636) (2.714) (2.055)
Age 0.862* 0.862
(1.840) (0.869)
DLR 1.703*** 1.703***
(6.163) (3.542)
ROA 3.155*** 3.155***
(5.295) (3.937)
TobinQ -0.547*** -0.547***
(-5.593) (-3.782)
Top10 0.012*** 0.012*
(3.335) (1.795)
PGDP 2.322*** 2.322**
(4.345) (2.184)
Pop -0.449* -0.449
(-1.783) (-0.900)
MOB 0.365 0.365
(1.134) (0.796)
Constant 13.586*** -0.029 -0.029
(524.895) (-0.009) (-0.004)
时间固定效应 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是
N 24,900 24,900 24,900
R2 0.819 0.820 0.820
), ArticleFig(id=1317436285967516309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of the Subdimensions of NQPF

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
NQPF_1 NQPF_2 NQPF_3 NQPF_4
Integration 0.304 0.534** 0.020 0.691**
(1.298) (2.100) (0.040) (2.347)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 0.455 1.157 -15.646 11.586
(0.063) (0.112) (-0.947) (1.374)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 24,900 24,900 24,900 24,900
R2 0.719 0.706 0.803 0.620
), ArticleFig(id=1317436287624266390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

新质生产力细分维度的回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
NQPF_1 NQPF_2 NQPF_3 NQPF_4
Integration 0.304 0.534** 0.020 0.691**
(1.298) (2.100) (0.040) (2.347)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 0.455 1.157 -15.646 11.586
(0.063) (0.112) (-0.947) (1.374)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 24,900 24,900 24,900 24,900
R2 0.719 0.706 0.803 0.620
), ArticleFig(id=1317436287724929687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Endogeneity test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2)
OLS 2SLS
Integration NQPF
Integration 33.501**
(2.432)
Other 0.022***
(2.585)
控制变量 是 是
时间固定效应 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是
N 24,668 24,668
K-P rk LM统计量 6.679***
K-P rk Wald F统计量 6.682
), ArticleFig(id=1317436287922061976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

内生性处理

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2)
OLS 2SLS
Integration NQPF
Integration 33.501**
(2.432)
Other 0.022***
(2.585)
控制变量 是 是
时间固定效应 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是
N 24,668 24,668
K-P rk LM统计量 6.679***
K-P rk Wald F统计量 6.682
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288026919577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Robustness tests

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Integration 0.400** 0.441** 0.356* 0.351* 0.315*
(2.052) (2.106) (1.935) (1.909) (1.734)
Aging -0.042
(-0.731)
TI 0.015
(0.745)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是
Constant -4.694 1.419 8.932 -0.564 9.733
(-0.624) (0.183) (1.145) (-0.085) (1.295)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是 是
城市固定效应 否 否 是 否 否
行业固定效应 否 否 否 是 否
城市和行业交互固定 否 否 否 否 是
N 22,488 19,893 24,898 24,668 24,640
R2 0.822 0.811 0.823 0.821 0.829
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288114999962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

稳健性检验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Integration 0.400** 0.441** 0.356* 0.351* 0.315*
(2.052) (2.106) (1.935) (1.909) (1.734)
Aging -0.042
(-0.731)
TI 0.015
(0.745)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是
Constant -4.694 1.419 8.932 -0.564 9.733
(-0.624) (0.183) (1.145) (-0.085) (1.295)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是 是
城市固定效应 否 否 是 否 否
行业固定效应 否 否 否 是 否
城市和行业交互固定 否 否 否 否 是
N 22,488 19,893 24,898 24,668 24,640
R2 0.822 0.811 0.823 0.821 0.829
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288203080347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Mechanism test: financing constraints

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
SA SA SA SA SA SA SA
Qualified Non-qualified Type1 Type2 Type3 Type4
Integration -0.019*** 0.009 -0.009*** -0.003 -0.009** -0.003 -0.002
(-4.588) (0.472) (-3.132) (-0.768) (-2.033) (-0.815) (-0.427)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是 是 是
Constant -4.090*** -4.664*** -3.867*** 0.982 0.976 0.989 0.990
(-31.135) (-6.373) (-35.345) SA SA SA SA
时间固定效应 是 是 是 Type1 Type2 Type3 Type4
个体固定效应 是 是 是 -0.003 -0.009** -0.003 -0.002
N 24,900 593 24,295 (-0.768) (-2.033) (-0.815) (-0.427)
R2 0.970 0.984 0.973 是 是 是 是
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288320520860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

机制检验—融资约束

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
SA SA SA SA SA SA SA
Qualified Non-qualified Type1 Type2 Type3 Type4
Integration -0.019*** 0.009 -0.009*** -0.003 -0.009** -0.003 -0.002
(-4.588) (0.472) (-3.132) (-0.768) (-2.033) (-0.815) (-0.427)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是 是 是
Constant -4.090*** -4.664*** -3.867*** 0.982 0.976 0.989 0.990
(-31.135) (-6.373) (-35.345) SA SA SA SA
时间固定效应 是 是 是 Type1 Type2 Type3 Type4
个体固定效应 是 是 是 -0.003 -0.009** -0.003 -0.002
N 24,900 593 24,295 (-0.768) (-2.033) (-0.815) (-0.427)
R2 0.970 0.984 0.973 是 是 是 是
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288408601245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Classification of non-qualified enterprises

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
高固定资产规模 低固定资产规模
当年营业利润较上年增加 Type1 Type2
当年营业利润较上年下降 Type3 Type4
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288488293022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

非优质企业分类

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
高固定资产规模 低固定资产规模
当年营业利润较上年增加 Type1 Type2
当年营业利润较上年下降 Type3 Type4
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288580567711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Mechanism test: excessive debt

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3)
ED ED ED
Qualified Non-qualified
Integration -0.009*** -0.010 -0.007**
(-3.009) (-1.077) (-2.258)
控制变量 是 是 是
Constant -0.061 -0.423 0.017
(-0.584) (-1.503) (0.170)
时间固定效应 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是
N 23,240 574 22,658
R2 0.879 0.941 0.879
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288656065184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

机制检验—过度负债

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3)
ED ED ED
Qualified Non-qualified
Integration -0.009*** -0.010 -0.007**
(-3.009) (-1.077) (-2.258)
控制变量 是 是 是
Constant -0.061 -0.423 0.017
(-0.584) (-1.503) (0.170)
时间固定效应 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是
N 23,240 574 22,658
R2 0.879 0.941 0.879
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288735756961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Mechanism test: agency costs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
MER MER_ind MER_ind MER_ind
Qualified Non-qualified
Integration 0.001 -0.002*** -0.002 -0.002**
(0.322) (-2.635) (-1.422) (-2.178)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 0.460** 0.146*** 0.129* 0.159***
(2.566) (4.227) (1.772) (4.502)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 24,898 22,617 562 22,038
R2 0.401 0.783 0.900 0.782
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288819643042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

机制检验—委托代理成本

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
MER MER_ind MER_ind MER_ind
Qualified Non-qualified
Integration 0.001 -0.002*** -0.002 -0.002**
(0.322) (-2.635) (-1.422) (-2.178)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 0.460** 0.146*** 0.129* 0.159***
(2.566) (4.227) (1.772) (4.502)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 24,898 22,617 562 22,038
R2 0.401 0.783 0.900 0.782
), ArticleFig(id=1317436288916112035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Regional heterogeneity analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
信贷丰富 信贷缺乏 东部 中西部
Integration -0.102 0.651*** 0.215 0.688**
(-0.363) (2.764) (0.936) (2.467)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 26.606* -6.263 1.367 14.527
(1.930) (-0.570) (0.173) (0.929)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 12,542 11,575 19,437 5,459
R2 0.848 0.807 0.821 0.805
), ArticleFig(id=1317436289041941156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

地区异质性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4)
信贷丰富 信贷缺乏 东部 中西部
Integration -0.102 0.651*** 0.215 0.688**
(-0.363) (2.764) (0.936) (2.467)
控制变量 是 是 是 是
Constant 26.606* -6.263 1.367 14.527
(1.930) (-0.570) (0.173) (0.929)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是
N 12,542 11,575 19,437 5,459
R2 0.848 0.807 0.821 0.805
), ArticleFig(id=1317436289104855717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

Firm heterogeneity analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
较高补贴 较低补贴 制造业 非制造业 大规模 小规模
Integration 0.080 0.623*** 0.414* -0.004 0.173 0.441*
(0.345) (2.681) (1.690) (-0.017) (0.718) (1.891)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是 是
Constant 1.970 9.078 11.520 -21.162** 8.498 3.209
(0.242) (1.065) (1.379) (-2.042) (0.960) (0.370)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是 是 是
N 12,769 11,441 16,718 7,895 12,352 12,305
R2 0.853 0.811 0.820 0.846 0.849 0.829
), ArticleFig(id=1317436289171964582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436281492193908, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

企业异质性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
较高补贴 较低补贴 制造业 非制造业 大规模 小规模
Integration 0.080 0.623*** 0.414* -0.004 0.173 0.441*
(0.345) (2.681) (1.690) (-0.017) (0.718) (1.891)
控制变量 是 是 是 是 是 是
Constant 1.970 9.078 11.520 -21.162** 8.498 3.209
(0.242) (1.065) (1.379) (-2.042) (0.960) (0.370)
时间固定效应 是 是 是 是 是 是
个体固定效应 是 是 是 是 是 是
N 12,769 11,441 16,718 7,895 12,352 12,305
R2 0.853 0.811 0.820 0.846 0.849 0.829
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产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响研究
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蔡凯星 1 , 金雪军 2
科学学研究 | 前沿与观点 2026,44(8): 1756-1768
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科学学研究 |前沿与观点 2026 , 44 (8) : 1756 -1768
产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响研究
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蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

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蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

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金雪军(1958-),男,教授、博士生导师。

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蔡凯星1 , 金雪军2
作者信息
  • 1 浙江大学经济学院博士后流动站, 浙江杭州 310000
  • 2 浙江大学经济学院, 浙江杭州 310000
作者简介:

蔡凯星(1995-),女,博士后,E-mail:。

金雪军(1958-),男,教授、博士生导师。

Research on the impact of financial-industrial integration on the new quality productive forces of enterprises
Kai-xing CAI1 , Xue-jun JIN2
Affiliations
  • 1 Postdoctoral Research Station of School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
  • 2 School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
出版时间: 2026-08-15
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“穷则思变,差则思勤,富则思远”。深化产融结合,不仅是企业培育和壮大新质生产力的动力源泉,也是加快构建现代化产业体系、实现创新驱动引领高质量发展的战略支点。本文利用2011-2023年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响及作用机制。研究发现,产融结合显著提升了企业新质生产力水平,尤其是加快企业新质劳动资料培育和实现优化组合的跃升。机制检验发现,产融结合主要通过缓解融资约束、抑制过度负债和降低委托代理成本来提升企业新质生产力水平。异质性分析表明,在信贷资源缺乏的中西部地区的企业,以及获得较少政府补助的企业、制造业企业和小规模企业中,产融结合对企业新质生产力的促进作用更显著。本研究为支持企业持股非上市银行、加快新质生产力发展提供了理论依据和政策启示。

产融结合  /  新质生产力  /  融资约束  /  过度负债  /  委托代理成本

Adversity stimulates transformation, deficiency cultivates diligence, and affluence requires strategic foresight. The combination of production and financing is not only a power source for enterprises to promote new quality productive forces, but also a strategic fulcrum for accelerating the construction of a modernized industrial system and realizing innovation-driven and high-quality development. Existing research focuses primarily on the impact of financial-industrial integration on corporate operating performance, investment efficiency, business risk, and credit availability. However, studies examining the relationship between financial-industrial integration and corporate innovation are relatively scarce. As a crucial mode of financial-industrial integration, enterprise investment in banks reshapes the bank-firm relationship through capital nexus, injecting new impetus into the development of new quality productive forces.

Based on the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2023, this paper examines the impact and mechanisms of industry-finance integration on new quality productive forces of enterprises. It finds that financial-industrial integration significantly improves the new quality productive forces of enterprises, especially improving labor resources and realizing the leap of optimal combination. Mechanism analysis reveals that the combination of industry and finance mainly enhances new quality productive forces by alleviating financing constraints, curbing over-indebtedness and reducing agency costs. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect of financial-industrial integration on firms’ new quality productive forces is more pronounced among firms in the central and western regions, where credit resources are scarce, as well as firms that receive fewer government subsidies, manufacturing firms and small-scale firms.

The potential contributions of this paper include the following aspects. First, existing literature focuses on the impact of corporate transformation and development as well as the external market environment on new quality productive forces. However, few studies analyze how to enhance enterprises’ new quality productive forces from the perspective of financial-industrial integration. This paper examines the relationship between financial-industrial integration and new quality productive forces of enterprises, thereby enriching the field of new quality productive studies. Second, this paper investigates the mechanisms through which financial-industrial integration promotes the development of enterprises’ new quality productive forces from the perspectives of alleviating financing constraints, curbing over-indebtedness, and reducing agency costs. It provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the cultivation of enterprises’ new quality productive forces. Third, this paper analyzes the heterogeneous effects of financial-industrial integration on the development of enterprises’ new quality productive forces under varying regional and enterprise-specific characteristics. By considering these differences, it provides valuable insights for enterprise strategic decision-making and policy formulation.

Based on the above findings, this study provides a theoretical foundation and policy implications to support enterprises in holding shares in non-listed banks and accelerate the development of new quality productive forces. The following recommendations are proposed in this paper. First, policy mechanisms should be optimized to actively promote financial-industrial integration among enterprises. This can be achieved through two key measures: gradually relaxing equity holding limits and developing differentiated policy frameworks. Second, industry supervision should be strengthened to regulate enterprise shareholding behaviors. Third, enterprises should optimize their strategic layout for financial-industrial integration to accelerate the cultivation of new quality productive forces.

financial-industrial integration  /  new quality productive forces  /  financing constraints  /  over-indebtedness  /  agency costs
蔡凯星, 金雪军. 产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响研究. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (8) : 1756 -1768 .
Kai-xing CAI, Xue-jun JIN. Research on the impact of financial-industrial integration on the new quality productive forces of enterprises[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (8) : 1756 -1768 .
“双循环”新发展格局下,传统生产力发展动能逐渐减弱,大力推进现代化产业体系建设、加快发展新质生产力被赋予重要战略意义。2025年3月,国家金融监督管理总局、科技部、国家发展改革委联合发布《银行业保险业科技金融高质量发展实施方案》,指出要“推动更多金融资源用于科技创新领域,促进科技创新和产业创新深度融合”。金融作为社会资源配置的枢纽,是实现颠覆性技术突破、培育发展新质生产力的重要依托。企业持股银行作为产融结合的重要模式,通过资本纽带重塑银企关系,为新质生产力的发展注入新动能。那么,产融结合能否促进企业新质生产力发展?回答好这一问题对于推动“科技—产业—金融”的良性循环,引领我国现代化产业体系建设,进而实现社会主义现代化强国战略目标具有重要意义。
已有研究主要集中于产融结合对企业经营绩效[1,2]、投资效率[3]、企业风险[4]、信贷可得性[5]等的影响,关于产融结合与企业创新之间的研究相对较少,尤其是产融结合与企业新质生产力关联的文献更是缺乏。目前关于如何提升新质生产力的研究主要聚焦于企业数字化转型[6-8]、市场准入改革[9]、企业研发[10,11]等视角,而资金作为支撑新质生产力发展的基础,产融结合可以有效缓解企业融资约束和优化资金配置效率,有必要就产融结合能否以及如何加快培育企业新质生产力进行深入探讨。
为此,本文以2011-2023年中国沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,考察了产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响。本文可能的边际贡献包括:第一,已有文献关注了企业转型发展、外部市场环境对新质生产力的影响,鲜有研究从产融结合角度分析如何提升企业新质生产力水平。本文探讨了产融结合与企业新质生产力之间的关系,丰富了新质生产力领域的相关研究。第二,本文从缓解融资约束、抑制过度负债、降低委托代理成本角度探讨了产融结合促进企业新质生产力发展的机理,为加快企业新质生产力培育提供了理论依据。第三,本文考虑到企业所在地区的特征与企业自身特征的差异,分析了不同特征下产融结合对企业新质生产力发展的异质性影响,为企业战略决策和政策制定提供了有价值的参考。
新质生产力的关键驱动力在于技术的原创性、颠覆性突破,而技术的突破往往需要大量的前期投入与资源支持。在内源性融资不足的情况下,企业必须依靠外源性融资。然而对于创新类企业尤其是中小型企业,贷款抵押品不足、信息高度不对称,外源性融资成本相对较高[12,13]。而且创新过程不确定性高[14,15],信贷对企业创新的支持力度可能不足。商业银行风险厌恶特性与创新收益分配机制存在冲突,债权人仅能获取固定本息,却需承担项目失败风险[16]。此时,持股非上市银行作为产融结合的重要形式,可以通过信息共享机制缓解银企之间信息不对称问题,从而提高银行对企业创新项目的信心和支持力度,加快企业新质生产力培育。此外,产融结合形成的资本纽带可以在一定程度上缓解因短期业绩波动引发的融资中断问题,为企业新质生产力发展提供持续稳定的资金。基于此,本文提出以下研究假设:
H1:产融结合能够显著提升企业新质生产力水平。
为探究内在机理,本文从融资约束、过度负债和委托代理问题三个维度,阐述了产融集合如何影响企业新质生产力发展。
产融结合能够通过缓解企业技术创新的融资约束,从而促进企业新质生产力提升。一方面,高风险性与长周期性导致传统金融市场存在严重的信息不对称问题,由于难以评估创新项目的技术可行性与市场前景,企业面临较高的融资成本。产融结合可以拓宽银企间信息沟通渠道,便于企业向银行分享非公开“软信息”,从而缓解银企信息不对称问题[2,17],有助于企业获得有效的资金支持。另一方面,当企业持有银行一定比例的股权后,可以通过参与内部决策影响银行信贷政策制定[18],从而使企业获得更多的贷款支持,更好助力企业新质生产力发展。尤其是对于非国有企业、中小企业而言,容易因所有权和规模差异受到歧视[1]。这类企业持股银行有助于银行更精准评估创新项目的风险溢价,突破传统信贷模型中基于抵押物和融资主体资格限制,使企业能够以较少的抵押品获得更长期的贷款。此外,产融结合可以传递积极信号,对企业项目的技术信息起到认证作用[16],从而提升企业的声誉,有利于企业获得流动性支持。基于此,本文提出以下研究假设:
H2:产融结合通过缓解融资约束来提升企业新质生产力水平。
产融结合能够通过抑制企业过度负债,从而促进企业新质生产力提升。一方面,过度负债会导致企业每年需要支付更多的利息和本金[19],挤占企业现金流,进而抑制企业的创新投入。产融结合使企业能够以更少的抵押品获得更长期的贷款,减少对高成本债务的依赖,从而将资金更有效地用于技术研发、设备更新和人才培养,推动新质生产力发展。另一方面,产融结合使银行能获取到企业的非公开信息,更好地监督企业的融资行为,避免企业过度授信。适度负债有助于提高企业财务稳定性,从而有助于提高企业整体运营效率,为新质生产力的培育奠定基础[20]。但不可忽视的是,企业持有金融机构可能带来资金滥用问题,降低了企业的投资效率和创新效率[3,16],不利于企业新质生产力的培育。基于此,本文提出以下研究假设:
H3:产融结合通过抑制过度负债来提升企业新质生产力水平。
产融结合能够通过降低委托代理成本,从而促进企业新质生产力提升。委托代理成本主要源于委托人和代理人之间的信息不对称和利益冲突,管理层可能因自利动机而过度持有现金或进行低效投资,加剧股东与管理层的利益冲突。产融结合强化了企业与金融机构之间的联系,使金融机构能够获取内部信息并监督企业行为,由此强化对管理层的约束,抑制其代理问题引发的短视行为,降低代理成本,进而有助于企业新质生产力的培育。此外,管理层往往因短期业绩压力和风险规避,缺乏创新动力。产融结合使企业能利用金融机构的专业意见和信息优势,更准确评估内部管理层的决策和经营绩效。同时企业持股金融机构,成为其重要的利益相关者,更易获得长期稳定资金,有助于激励管理层增加技术研发和设备更新,从而加快企业新质生产力发展。基于此,本文提出以下研究假设:
H4:产融结合通过降低委托代理成本来提升企业新质生产力水平。
本文选取2011-2023年中国沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,并进行了如下处理:将企业所在行业匹配为国民经济行业分类,剔除金融业、房地产业公司,剔除ST、*ST、PT、暂停上市、退市整理期或终止上市的公司,剔除存在数据严重缺失的公司。本文的数据来源主要为:(1)企业持股非上市银行的数据来自Wind数据库;(2)企业新质生产力水平数据使用徐子尧等[21]发布的中国上市企业新质生产力指数;(3)企业层面财务数据和城市层面统计数据来自CSMAR数据库和Wind数据库。
为验证产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响,本文构建了如下模型:
$NQP{F}_{i,t}=\alpha +\beta *Integratio{n}_{i,t}+\sum _{j=1}^{k}{\gamma }_{j}*Contro{l}_{i,t}^{j}+{\mu }_{i}+{\mu }_{t}+{\epsilon }_{i,t}$
其中,i表示企业,t代表年份,NQPFi,t表示企业新质生产力水平,Integrationi,t表示企业产融结合情况,Contro${l}_{i,t}^{j}$为企业层面和城市层面的控制变量。μi和μt分别为企业固定效应和时间固定效应,εi,t为随机扰动项。为控制异常值的影响,本文对所有连续变量在上下1%水平上进行缩尾处理。所有标准误均为在企业层面的聚类稳健标准误。
(1)被解释变量
企业新质生产力水平(NQPF),本文使用徐子尧等[21]发布的中国上市企业新质生产力指数来衡量企业新质生产力水平。该变量可细分为新质劳动者(NQPF_1)、新质劳动资料(NQPF_2)、新质劳动对象(NQPF_3)和优化组合(NQPF_4)4个子指标。
(2)解释变量
产融结合(Integration),本文参考田利辉等[16]的做法,使用企业是否持有非上市银行股份作为产融结合的代理变量。基于Wind数据库企业持股非上市银行的数据设置虚拟变量,当企业该年持有非上市银行股份时,产融结合这一变量取值为1,否则为0。
(3)控制变量
本文考虑了企业层面和城市层面的控制变量。企业层面的控制变量包括:企业年龄(Age),企业成立至今年限的对数值;资产负债率(DLR),负债占总资产比重;资产收益率(ROA),净利润占总资产比重;托宾Q(TobinQ),托宾Q的对数值;前十大股东持股比例(Top10),前10名股东持股比例之和。城市层面的控制变量包括:企业所在城市人均生产总值(PGPD),企业注册地城市人均生产总值的对数值;企业所在城市人口规模(Pop),企业注册地城市年末总人口数的对数值;企业所在城市信息基础设施(MOB),企业注册地城市移动电话用户数的对数值。
表1汇报了主要变量的描述性统计结果。
表2汇报了产融结合是否影响企业新质生产力的回归结果。其中,列(1)未考虑控制变量和聚类稳健标准误,列(2)加入了控制变量,列(3)考虑了控制变量和企业层面的聚类稳健标准误。可以发现Integration的估计系数均显著为正,表明产融结合可以有效提升企业新质生产力水平。从列(3)看,产融结合每增加一个标准差,企业新质生产力水平就提升约为0.01个标准差。
考虑到新质生产力的基本内涵为劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象及其优化组合的跃升,本文进一步研究了产融结合分别对新质劳动者、新质劳动资料、新质劳动对象和优化组合的影响,回归结果见表3所示。可以发现,对于新质劳动者和新质劳动对象而言,Integration的估计系数均在10%统计水平上不显著,无法证实产融结合可以加快企业新质劳动者和新质劳动对象培育。对于新质劳动资料和优化组合而言,Integration的估计系数均在5%统计水平上显著为正,表明产融结合可以显著加快企业新质劳动资料培育和实现优化组合的跃升。这可能是由于企业持有非上市银行股份,缓解了银企间信息不对称问题,增加银行放贷可能性,从而使企业更可能加大研发投入,推动劳动资料的升级换代和生产力要素之间的协作配合。
本文采用工具变量法来处理可能存在的内生性问题,选取其他行业持股非上市银行的企业数量(Other)作为工具变量。上述工具变量满足了相关性和外生性两个条件:一方面,行业之间面临相似的外部经济环境,并且可能存在技术扩散,因此其他行业的企业持股非上市银行与本行业持股非上市银行存在关联度。另一方面,企业新质生产力水平很难受到其他行业的企业持股非上市银行的直接影响,具有较强的外生性。回归结果见表4所示。列(1)显示,Other的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为正,说明本文构造的工具变量与产融结合之间存在强烈的相关性。列(2)显示,Integration的估计系数在5%统计水平上显著为正,与基准结果一致,验证了产融结合对企业新质生产力的促进作用。
(1)增加控制变量
企业新质生产力水平可能受到当地人口老龄化程度和产业结构的影响,本文选取各省65岁以上人口占比衡量人口老龄化程度(Aging),选取城市第三产业占GDP比重衡量产业结构(TI),加入基准模型中回归。回归结果见表5第(1)列所示,Integration的估计系数仍在5%统计水平上显著为正,说明产融结合提升企业新质生产力水平这一结论稳健成立。
(2)剔除直辖市样本
考虑到直辖市往往被定位为区域或全国性的金融中心,其创新环境良好、数字金融发展较快,本文参考已有研究[22],剔除企业注册地城市为直辖市的样本后重新进行回归。回归结果见表5第(2)列,可以发现Integration的估计系数仍在5%统计水平上显著为正,说明产融结合提升企业新质生产力水平这一结论与前文一致,表明本文结论稳健。
(3)增加固定效应
考虑到不同城市出台的政策和行业规范制度、不同行业间竞争环境和技术周期等存在差异,可能会对企业新质生产力产生影响。本文参考已有研究[10],进一步控制城市固定效应、行业固定效应、城市和行业交互固定效应。回归结果见表5第(3)至(5)列,可以发现Integration的估计系数均在10%统计水平上显著为正,说明产融结合提升企业新质生产力水平这一结论稳健成立。
(1)缓解融资约束
企业持股非上市银行,可以促进银企深度合作、强化银企信息共享,从而降低银企之间的信息不对称,使银行更愿意为企业提供信贷支持[5,23],为企业创新发展提供资金保障。本文使用融资约束SA指数(SA),作为企业融资约束的代理变量,回归结果见表6第(1)列。可以发现,Integration的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为负,表明产融结合可以有效缓解企业融资约束,从而促进企业新质生产力水平。
为进一步探索企业缓解融资约束是否与破解银企信息不对称问题有关,本文根据国家发展改革委2018年发布的优质企业经营财务指标参考标准,将企业分为优质企业(Qualified)和非优质企业(Non-qualified)两类。优质企业具有较好抵押能力、稳定的现金流和较低的财务风险,更容易获得具有优惠利率的长期贷款,而中小企业尤其是初创小企业,融资渠道有限,资金短缺问题更为突出。回归结果见表6第(2)至(3)列所示,可以发现优质企业Integration的估计系数在10%统计水平上不显著,非优质企业Integration的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为负,表明非优质企业持股非上市银行可以有效缓解融资约束。
为厘清产融结合究竟是缓解了何种类型的非优质企业的融资约束,本文根据企业当年营业利润较上年是否增长和年初固定资产规模是否高于中位数将非优质企业划分为4类。具体见表7所示。回归结果见表6第(4)至(7)列。可以发现, Type2的Integration的估计系数在5%统计水平上显著为负,其余类型非优质企业的Integration的估计系数均在10%统计水平上不显著。说明缺乏抵押物但盈利能力良好的非优质企业融资约束得到缓解,证实了产融结合可以帮助具有成长潜力的企业获得信贷,助力其新质生产力发展。
(2)抑制过度负债
企业在融资环境改善的情况下,可能出现过度负债的问题,而过度负债会抑制企业创新[19]。企业持股非上市银行,可以增强银企间信息交流、降低企业资本结构偏离度以及获得稳定的融资渠道,从而减少过度负债的可能性。为此,本文从过度负债(ED)角度检验了产融结合提升企业新质生产力的机制。回归结果见表8第(1)列。可以发现Integration的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为负,表明产融结合可以有效抑制企业过度负债,从而促进企业新质生产力发展。
为进一步证实过度负债这一机制的存在性,本文分别检验了优质企业和非优质企业产融结合是否通过抑制过度负债来促进新质生产力。回归结果见表8第(2)至(3)列所示,可以发现,优质企业Integration的估计系数在10%统计水平上不显著,非优质企业Integration的估计系数在5%统计水平上显著为负,说明产融结合可以有效抑制非优质企业过度负债,从而促进其新质生产力发展。这可能是由于非优质企业盈利能力较弱、内部治理结构尚不完善,往往更容易陷入过度负债的困境。
(3)降低委托代理成本
企业持股非上市银行后,银企间的股权关系使银行可以获得企业更多尚未公开的软信息,增强银行对企业的监督力度,从而约束管理层的非效率行为,降低委托代理成本。本文采用企业管理费用率(MER)作为委托代理成本的代理变量,来检验产融结合是否通过降低委托代理成本来促进企业新质生产力发展。回归结果见表9第(1)列,可以发现Integration的估计系数在10%统计水平上不显著,无法证实产融结合会降低企业的委托代理成本来促进新质生产力发展。进一步地,本文从行业层面考虑委托代理成本这一机制的存在性。本文采用企业所在行业的管理费用率(MER_ind)作为委托代理成本的代理变量,回归结果见表9第(2)列。可以发现, Integration的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为负,表明产融结合可以有效降低企业所在行业的管理费用率,从而促进企业新质生产力发展。这可能是因为产融结合对企业自身管理费用的影响被个体差异弱化,而行业层面由于协同效应和标杆效应等实现整体管理费用的下降。
为进一步证实委托代理成本这一机制的存在性,本文分别检验了优质企业和非优质企业产融结合是否通过降低行业管理费用来促进新质生产力。回归结果见表9第(3)至(4)列所示,可以发现优质企业Integration的估计系数在10%统计水平上不显著,非优质企业Integration的估计系数在5%统计水平上显著为负,说明产融结合可以有效降低非优质企业行业层面的委托代理成本,从而促进其新质生产力发展。这可能是由于优质企业强化信息披露和内部治理结构相对完善,而非优质企业面临负债较高和盈利能力较弱的双重困境,管理层更关注短期利益,委托代理问题更严重。
(1)地区特征与产融结合影响
第一,在信贷资源缺乏的城市,企业往往面临更严重的融资约束,对于企业创新发展形成显著阻碍。本文参考已有研究[24,25],选取城市金融机构贷款余额占GDP比重作为城市金融发展水平的代理变量。根据其中位数将样本城市划分为信贷资源丰富城市和信贷资源缺乏城市,分别检验了产融结合对信贷资源丰富城市和信贷资源缺乏城市企业新质生产力发展的影响。回归结果见表10第(1)至(2)列,可以发现在信贷资源丰富的城市,Integration的估计系数在10%统计水平上不显著,无法证实产融结合可以有效促进信贷资源丰富城市的企业新质生产力发展。在信贷资源缺乏的城市,Integration的估计系数在1%统计水平上显著为正,表明在信贷资源缺乏的城市,产融结合可以有效促进企业新质生产力发展。
第二,不同城市由于地理位置、政策支持、基础设施建设等的差异,经济金融发展也存在较大差异。本文将样本划分为东部地区和中西部地区,分别进行回归。回归结果见表10第(3)至(4)列。可以发现,产融结合对新质生产力发展的促进作用在中西部地区显著,在东部地区不显著。这可能是因为中西部地区金融市场化程度较低、信息不对称问题更为突出,产融结合对改善银企关系、降低信息不对称,从而为企业提供更有针对性的信贷支持、助力其新质生产力发展尤为重要。
(2)企业特征与产融结合影响
第一,政府补助会促进企业创新[26,27],尤其是在知识产权制度完善的地区[28]。本文根据政府补助的中位数将样本划分为获得较高政府补贴的企业和获得较低政府补贴的企业,并分别进行回归。结果见表11第(1)至(2)列。可以发现,产融结合对新质生产力发展的促进作用在获得较低政府补助的企业中显著,在获得高政府补助的企业中不显著。这可能是因为政府补助是企业创新发展的重要资金来源之一,降低了企业的创新成本。获得较少政府补助的企业创新活动面临更大的资金压力,持股非上市银行能够通过降低信息不对称和传递积极信号等方式来缓解其融资约束,从而更好发展新质生产力。
第二,不同行业技术门槛、研发周期、创新环境等存在明显的差异。为考察产融结合对企业新质生产力的促进作用是否受行业分类影响,本文将样本分为制造业企业和非制造业企业,并进行分组回归。结果见表11第(3)至(4)列,可以发现产融结合对新质生产力发展的促进作用在制造业企业中显著,在非制造业企业中不显著。这可能是因为制造业企业往往研发投入大、周期长、风险高,对资金的需求更为迫切,持股非上市银行能为其提供稳定的资金支持,从而显著提升新质生产力水平。
第三,不同规模的企业在资源禀赋、融资能力和风险管理等方面存在明显差异。本文根据企业资产规模的中位数将样本划分为大规模企业和小规模企业,并进行分组回归。结果见表11第(5)至(6)列,可以发现产融结合对新质生产力发展的促进作用在小规模企业中显著,大规模企业中不显著。这可能是因为大规模企业融资渠道成熟、风险偏好相对保守,而小规模企业融资渠道有限、融资成本较高,小规模企业持股非上市银行的新质生产力驱动效应更强。
本文利用2011-2023年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了产融结合对企业新质生产力的影响及作用机制。研究发现,产融结合显著提升了企业新质生产力水平。经过一系列内生性处理和稳健性检验后,这一结论仍然成立。机制检验发现,产融结合主要通过缓解融资约束、抑制过度负债和降低委托代理成本来提升企业新质生产力水平。进一步研究发现,在信贷资源缺乏的中西部地区的企业,以及获得较少政府补助的企业、制造业企业和小规模企业中,产融结合对企业新质生产力的促进作用更显著。基于上述研究结论,为推动企业提升新质生产力水平、助力经济高质量发展,本文提出了如下政策建议。
第一,优化政策机制,积极推动企业产融结合。一方面,逐步放宽股权比例限制。目前国家金融监督管理总局已经取消了外资股份比例限制,但对国内企业持股金融机构的比例限制仍然存在。建议在风险可控的前提下,逐步放宽国内企业持股比例限制,允许符合资质的企业通过市场化方式控股或参股银行。另一方面,制定差异化的产融政策。根据不同企业的特点和需求,制定不同的政策,以更好地支持企业持股金融机构,如设立专项基金支持制造业企业和中小企业加强与金融机构的合作。根据不同区域特色,设立企业控股银行试点,对持股银行的企业配套一系列“贷款贴息+研发补贴+税收减免”等政策。
第二,加强行业监管,规范企业持股行为。在鼓励企业持有金融机构股份以助力新质生产力发展的同时,也不应忽视可能存在的风险。首先,监管机构应要求持有金融机构股份的企业定期披露相关信息,增强市场透明度,严格监管银行关联贷款和企业资金运作。同时,建立国家级股权信息共享平台,实现跨部门数据互联互通。其次,完善产融结合的法律法规体系建设。通过明确产融结合的法律框架和行为规范、界定股权信息披露的标准、配套建立防火墙,更好地释放市场活力,又能筑牢风险底线。最后,强化行业协会自律,规范操作流程。行业协会可以通过制定行业标准、开展培训活动、宣传代表企业案例等方式,帮助企业更好地理解和参与持股金融机构。
第三,优化企业产融结合战略布局,加快培育新质生产力。一方面,将产融结合纳入整体战略规划,明确其在企业新质生产力培育和长期发展中的作用。同时,不同类型的企业应根据自身的行业特点、地理位置和发展需求,实施差异化的股权配置策略。另一方面,优化企业治理水平。与银行建立长期稳定的联系,邀请银行专业人士评估企业的治理模式和风险管理能力,帮助企业优化自身治理结构和提升风险管理水平。此外,通过派驻具有高级工程师或研发管理背景的董事进入银行董事会,推动银行业务创新和产品开发,从而更好地匹配企业全生命周期需求、推动创新发展。

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2026年第44卷第8期
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  • 接收时间:2025-05-23
  • 首发时间:2026-10-15
  • 出版时间:2026-08-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-23
  • 修回日期:2025-09-27
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    1 浙江大学经济学院博士后流动站, 浙江杭州 310000
    2 浙江大学经济学院, 浙江杭州 310000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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