Article(id=1317436163405755332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436114500170416, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1749398400000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-09, revisedDate=1760630400000, revisedDateStr=2025-10-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792030858135, onlineDateStr=2026-10-15, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792030858135, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792030858135, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792030858135, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1317436114500170416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='9', pageStart='1793', pageEnd='2016', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792030846476, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792031015367, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1317436822926504829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436114500170416, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1317436822926504830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1317436114500170416, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1911, endPage=1923, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1317436163623859141, articleId=1317436163405755332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=Can intellectual property demonstration cities promote digital collaborative innovation?, columnId=1309226334803550422, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Innovation Explorations, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Digital technology has brought an end to the era where enterprises pursued innovation alone. Digital collaborative innovation, an innovative activity centered on digital innovation and conducted through multi-agent collaboration, is the result of the integration of digital innovation and collaborative innovation. Based on multi-agent collaboration, enterprises can easily break through technological barriers, expand their innovation networks, and unleash the vitality of innovation factors. A favorable intellectual property environment is an important factor in promoting cross-organizational collaborative innovation. Existing research has treated the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment, discussing its impact on innovation, collaborative innovation, or digital innovation separately. However, how does the impact of intellectual property demonstration cities affect enterprise digital collaborative innovation, which centers on digital innovation and adopts the form of collaborative innovation? This topic has rarely been discussed in existing literature. With the accelerated penetration of digital technology in product collaborative innovation and industrial chain collaborative innovation, digital technology innovation consortia have become increasingly important; revealing the conditional mechanisms through which intellectual property demonstration cities trigger enterprise digital collaborative innovation holds theoretical value and practical significance.

Based on data from A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2023, this paper uses the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment, characterizes digital collaborative innovation using jointly authorized digital patents, and examines the effects and mechanisms of intellectual property demonstration cities on digital collaborative innovation. The research finds that the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities has promoted an average increase of 22% in the rate of digital collaborative innovation among enterprises, indicating that public policies on intellectual property rights help to solve the property rights challenges of cross-organizational digital innovation and open up the channel for enterprises to integrate digital and physical innovation. Heterogeneity tests reveal that the impact of intellectual property demonstration cities on digital collaborative innovation only exists in the local creation effect, with no significant spatial spillover; enterprises with weak digital innovation foundations, those experiencing initial growth stages, and private "weak" enterprises are more likely to leverage public policies on intellectual property rights to gain the "wings" of digital-creative collaboration. In terms of mechanisms, enhancing multi-agent relationship connections, promoting the diffusion of basic research, and strengthening intellectual property enforcement are all important mechanisms through which intellectual property demonstration cities promote digital collaborative innovation among enterprises.

The potential academic contributions of this paper lie in the following aspects: Firstly, from a research perspective, this paper is an early empirical literature that examines the impact of intellectual property policies on enterprise digital collaborative innovation from the micro perspective of the interactive integration of digital innovation and collaborative innovation. Secondly, in terms of empirical strategy, this paper employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to identify the causal relationship between intellectual property demonstration policies and enterprise digital collaborative innovation, providing incremental evidence for how to build a digital innovation consortium. Thirdly, in terms of mechanism analysis, this paper clarifies the theoretical mechanism through which the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities promotes enterprise digital collaborative innovation from three aspects: enhancing multi-agent relationship connections, promoting the diffusion of basic research, and strengthening intellectual property law enforcement. This provides theoretical guidance and practical insights for improving the intellectual property system, strengthening product collaborative innovation and building a digital innovation consortium.

, authors=Yong-hua ZUO1, Hui-shu KUANG2, Zheng LIU1, Long YU3, authorsList=Yong-hua ZUO, Hui-shu KUANG, Zheng LIU, Long YU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hui-shu KUANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1317436166056555466, articleId=1317436163405755332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=知识产权示范城市推动了数字协同创新吗?, columnId=1309226334996488408, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=创新探索, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

知识产权公共政策能否保障跨组织数字创新产权,推动企业数字协同创新?基于2011-2023年A股上市公司数据,本文以知识产权示范城市建设为准自然实验,用联合授权数字专利表征数字协同创新,检验了知识产权示范城市影响数字协同创新的效应与机制。研究发现:知识产权示范城市建设促进企业平均数字协同创新率提升22%,说明知识产权公共政策有助于破解跨组织数字创新产权难题,打通企业“数实融合”通道。检验异质性发现,知识产权示范城市对数字协同创新的影响仅存本地创造效应,空间溢出不明显;数字创新基础弱、经历初创成长阶段以及民营类“弱”企业,更易借助知识产权公共政策插上数创协同“翅膀”。就机制而言,增强多主体关系联结、促进基础研究扩散以及强化知识产权执法,都是知识产权示范城市推动企业数字协同创新的重要机制。研究结论为完善知识产权制度创新、构建数字创新联合体等提供理论指导与实践启示。

, authors=左勇华1, 匡慧姝2, 刘政1, 余龙3, authorsList=左勇华, 匡慧姝, 刘政, 余龙, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=匡慧姝, authorNote=

左勇华(1976-),男,副教授,博士。

刘政(1981-),男,副教授,博士。

余龙(1993-),男,硕士研究生。

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匡慧姝(1985-),女,讲师,博士,E-mail:。
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Technology Analysis& Strategic Management, 2015, 27(9):1050-1067., articleTitle=The role of contracts and intellectual property rights in open innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436172473839626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=2421, pageEnd=2433, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=孙大明, 胡苏敏, 黄菁菁, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙大明, 胡苏敏, 黄菁菁. 数字协同创新的区域数字治理归因[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42(11):2421-2433., articleTitle=数字协同创新的区域数字治理归因, refAbstract=在数字中国背景下,如何提升数字治理能力以推动数字协同创新显得尤为重要。基于中国式区域治理框架,以278个地级市为案例,探究不同时段数字治理要素对数字协同创新提升的联动效应及路径选择。研究发现:(1)数字协同创新时间上分为萌芽期和快速发展期,空间上呈层级效应,东部优势明显,中西部加快崛起。(2)萌芽期存在6条高数字协同创新路径,可归为数字政府-环境型和数字政府-产业型。快速发展期存在5条路径,可归为数字政府-环境型、数字产业-社会型和全维度协同型。(3)考虑数字治理演化趋势,单要素而言,数字基础设施和创新环境始终发挥重要作用,数字产业发展于快速发展期作用凸显;关系模式而言,数字政府-环境型模式相对稳定,且逐渐向全维度协同型演进。(4)跨案例比较发现,不同区域数字协同创新提升路径存在差异。本研究有助于把握数字协同创新发展状况,为探索不同时段发展路径、完善数字治理体系、加速数字中国建设提供重要启示。), Reference(id=1317436172536754187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=2421, pageEnd=2433, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Sun D M, Hu S M, Huang J J, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun D M, Hu S M, Huang J J. 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Studies in Science of Science, 2024, 42(11):2421-2433., articleTitle=Regional digital governance attribution in digital synergy innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436172608057356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=278, pageEnd=290, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=陈劲, 谢雨轩, 李振东, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈劲, 谢雨轩, 李振东, 等. 新时代下创新链内涵及理论体系建构[J]. 科学学研究, 2025, 43(2):278-290., articleTitle=新时代下创新链内涵及理论体系建构, refAbstract=创新链的高质量发展是以科技创新催生产业增量、优化产业存量,及推动科技与产业深度融合发展的有效抓手。但当前关于创新链的内涵主体认识、协同机制与过程解析等尚未形成统一认识,制约着创新链在构建新型工业化与加快形成新质生产力中更大动能的释放。基于此,本研究首先对创新链的理论分野与概念内涵流变进行研究脉络梳理。其次,通过文献计量与质性分析,解耦了创新链内涵认识主要包括创新主体、创新协同与创新过程三个视角/维度,建构了创新链概念内涵与理论体系。再次,在全球产业链内向化趋势下,全面辨析创新链相较于创新系统、创新生态系统等概念,在创新主体、协同与过程三个维度的新特征、功能优势与理论逻辑。最后,结合新时代的内外情境与研究,提出了创新链内涵与机理,并分析了其对创新主体、产业及相关政策的实践启示。), Reference(id=1317436172687749133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=278, pageEnd=290, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Chen J, Xie Y X, Li Z D, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen J, Xie Y X, Li Z D, et al. The construction of the connotation and theoretical system of innovation chain in the new era[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2025, 43(2): 278-290., articleTitle=The construction of the connotation and theoretical system of innovation chain in the new era, refAbstract=The high-quality development of the innovation chain revolves around driving industrial growth through technological innovation, optimizing existing industrial capacity, and promoting deep integration between technologies and industries. However, there lacks a unified understanding concerning the essential features, collaborative mechanisms, and process analysis within the context of the innovation chain, which in turn restricts its potential to unleash greater momentum in fostering new-type industrialization and expediting the emergence of novel productive forces. In response, this paper commences by systematically tracing the theoretical divisions and evolving conceptual connotations of the innovation chain. Subsequently, utilizing bibliometric analysis and qualitative methods, it decouples the core perspectives of understanding the innovation chain into three dimensions: the innovation entities, collaborative innovation, and the innovation process, thus constructing a comprehensive conceptual framework and theoretical system of the innovation chain. Moreover, amidst the inward-turning trend of global value chains, this paper thoroughly discerns the distinctive new characteristics, functional advantages, and theoretical underpinnings of the innovation chain vis-à-vis other concepts. Finally, grounded in the contemporary domestic and international context and empirical research, this paper advances a refined understanding of the essence and mechanism of the innovation chain, and further explores its practical implications for innovation entities, industries, and relevant policy formulation.), Reference(id=1317436172771635214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=10.1177/1042258717732779, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=47, pageEnd=69, url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1042258717732779, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Von Briel F, Davidsson P, Recker J, journalName=Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Von Briel F, Davidsson P, Recker J. Digital technologies as external enablers of new venture creation in the IT hardware sector[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2018, 42(1): 47-69., articleTitle=Digital technologies as external enablers of new venture creation in the IT hardware sector, refAbstract=We develop theory about how and when digital technologies enable new venture creation processes. We identify two fundamental properties of digital technologies—specificity and relationality—and develop propositions that link these properties to six enabling mechanisms: compression, conservation, expansion, substitution, combination, and generation. We use the linked properties and mechanisms to determine how and when in the venture creation process—from prospecting to developing to exploiting—digital technologies have enabled start-ups in the IT hardware sector and develop stage-dependent propositions about their sector-level effects. We conclude our theorizing by discussing its implications beyond digital technologies and the IT hardware sector.), Reference(id=1317436172855521295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=58, issue=11, pageStart=62, pageEnd=79, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=甄红线, 王玺, 方红星, journalName=经济研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=甄红线, 王玺, 方红星. 知识产权行政保护与企业数字化转型[J]. 经济研究, 2023, 58(11):62-79., articleTitle=知识产权行政保护与企业数字化转型, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436172922630160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=58, issue=11, pageStart=62, pageEnd=79, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Zhen H X, Wang X, Fang H X, journalName=Economic Research Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhen H X, Wang X, Fang H X. Administrative protection of intellectual property rights and corporate digital transformation[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2023, 58(11):62-79., articleTitle=Administrative protection of intellectual property rights and corporate digital transformation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436172985544721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1783, pageEnd=1792, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=李月, 习怡衡, 王海燕, journalName=科学学研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李月, 习怡衡, 王海燕. 任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新影响因素探析[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42 (8): 1783-1792., articleTitle=任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新影响因素探析, refAbstract=任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新是形成关键核心技术强大合力的重要途径。研究以负责和参与中科院战略性先导专项的5个跨学科组织的深度访谈数据为基础,应用扎根理论,构建了组织内部、组织间和组织外部三维度的任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新影响因素分析模型,探索有助于任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新的路径。研究表明:组织特征、组织管理运行机制是影响任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新的内部因素;协同动机、协同意愿和协同能力是影响组织间协同创新的核心因素;包含政策支持、技术标准环境和知识产权制度在内的制度环境是保障任务导向型跨学科科研组织协同创新的外部因素。), Reference(id=1317436173090402322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1783, pageEnd=1792, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Li Y, Xi Y H, Wang H Y, journalName=Studies in Science of Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y, Xi Y H, Wang H Y. Analysis of influencing factors of collaborative innovation in mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2024, 42(8): 1783-1792., articleTitle=Analysis of influencing factors of collaborative innovation in mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations, refAbstract=Collaborative innovation of Mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations is an important way to form a strong synergy of key core technologies. Based on the in-depth interview data of 5 interdisciplinary organizations responsible for and participating in the Chinese Academy of Sciences' strategic pilot project, the research applied grounded theory to construct a three-dimensional Mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organization's collaborative innovation impact. A factor analysis model is used to explore thepath that is conducive to the collaborative innovation of Mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations. The research shows that:organizational characteristics and the operating mechanism of organizational management are internal factors that affect the collaborative innovation of Mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations; collaborative motivation, collaborative willingness and collaborative ability are the core factors that affect collaborative innovation among organizations; including policy support, technical standards The institutional environment, including the environmentand the intellectual property system, is an external factor that guarantees the collaborative innovation of Mission-oriented interdisciplinary scientific research organizations.), Reference(id=1317436173170094099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104163, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=103, issue=null, pageStart=104163, pageEnd=null, url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1057521925002509, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Zhao Q, Wu W, Ge Y, journalName=International Review of Financial Analysis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Q, Wu W, Ge Y, et al. 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Specialization in judicial protection of intellectual property and digital innovation of enterprises[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice, 2024, 44(5):1501-1521., articleTitle=Specialization in judicial protection of intellectual property and digital innovation of enterprises, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436174910730266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102390, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=111, issue=null, pageStart=102390, pageEnd=null, url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166497221001711, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Ferretti M, Guerini M, Panetti E, journalName=Technovation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ferretti M, Guerini M, Panetti E, et al. The partner next door? The effect of micro-geographical proximity on intra-cluster inter-organizational relationships[J]. 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Journal of Management World, 2023, 39(2): 186-208., articleTitle=Research on digital innovation strategy of single champion firms in manufacturing industry and its adaptation configuration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436175212720158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=55, issue=5, pageStart=99, pageEnd=115, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=21, authorNames=诸竹君, 黄先海, 王毅, journalName=经济研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=诸竹君, 黄先海, 王毅. 外资进入与中国式创新双低困境破解[J]. 经济研究, 2020, 55(5):99-115., articleTitle=外资进入与中国式创新双低困境破解, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436175355326495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=55, issue=5, pageStart=99, pageEnd=115, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Zhu Z J, Huang X H, Wang Y, journalName=Economic Research Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Z J, Huang X H, Wang Y. 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The Review of Economic Studies, 2021, 88(1): 1-43., articleTitle=Back to basics: Basic research spillovers, innovation policy, and growth, refAbstract=This article introduces a general equilibrium model of endogenous technical change through basic and applied research. Basic research differs from applied research in the nature and the magnitude of the generated spillovers. We propose a novel way of empirically identifying these spillovers and embed them in a framework with private firms and a public research sector. After characterizing the equilibrium, we estimate our model using micro-level data on research expenditures by French firms. Our key finding is that uniform research subsidies can accentuate the dynamic misallocation in the economy by oversubsidizing applied research. 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Whether tax incentive stimulate corporate innovation: Empirical evidence based on corporate life cycle theory[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2020, 55(6): 105-121., articleTitle=Whether tax incentive stimulate corporate innovation: Empirical evidence based on corporate life cycle theory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436176135467049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=2, pageStart=19, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=32, authorNames=许治, 张建超, journalName=科学学与科学技术管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许治, 张建超. 新中国成立以来政府对科技人才注意力研究——基于国务院政府工作报告(1954—2019年)文本分析[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2020, 41(2):19-32., articleTitle=新中国成立以来政府对科技人才注意力研究——基于国务院政府工作报告(1954—2019年)文本分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1317436176198381610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=2, pageStart=19, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Xu Z, Zhang J C, journalName=Science of Science and Management of S.& T, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Z, Zhang J C. A study on the government's attention to scientific and technological talents since the founding of new China——Based on the text analysis of the government work report(1954-2019)[J]. Science of Science and Management of S.& T, 2020, 41(2):19-32., articleTitle=A study on the government's attention to scientific and technological talents since the founding of new China——Based on the text analysis of the government work report(1954-2019), refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1317436172083769350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, awardId=72263020, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(72263020), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1317436172243152903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, awardId=72463015, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(72463015), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1317436172293484552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, awardId=72063021, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(72063021), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1317436166283047883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166291436492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166283047883, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Research Center for Management Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166299825101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166283047883, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西师范大学管理科学与工程研究中心, 江西南昌 330022)]), AuthorCompany(id=1317436166371128270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166383711183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166371128270, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166392099792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166371128270, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 江西师范大学经济与管理学院, 江西南昌 330022)]), AuthorCompany(id=1317436166475985873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166484374482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166475985873, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Jiangxi Institute of Economic Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1317436166492763091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, companyId=1317436166475985873, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 江西师范大学江西经济发展研究院, 江西南昌 330022)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1317436168204039154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Figure1, caption=Conceptual model, figureFileSmall=i/rIC5TK/oBP2x4XeyPlTA==, figureFileBig=l4oUM+6Krhy1NslQHKepBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1317436168296313843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=图1, caption=概念模型, figureFileSmall=i/rIC5TK/oBP2x4XeyPlTA==, figureFileBig=l4oUM+6Krhy1NslQHKepBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1317436168560554997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Parallel trend test and placebo test, figureFileSmall=CVsKGgm1/RPN5Ef46dVOYQ==, figureFileBig=p0YNpE7UV0lUui/+7eWpsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1317436168623469558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=图2, caption=平行趋势和安慰剂检验, figureFileSmall=CVsKGgm1/RPN5Ef46dVOYQ==, figureFileBig=p0YNpE7UV0lUui/+7eWpsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1317436168724132855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Main variable definitions and descriptive statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量名称 符号 定义 样本 均值 标准差 最小值 最大值
数字协同创新 DIJ 联合数字专利占全部授权专利之比 12140 0.063 0.159 0.000 1.000
DIJS 联合数字专利占联合授权专利之比 12140 0.165 0.318 0.000 1.000
lnDIJ 联合授权数字发明专利加1取对数 12140 0.280 0.728 0.000 7.552
DIJin 联合授权数字发明专利占比 12140 0.031 0.110 0.000 1.000
知识产权示范 IPRC 是否属于知识产权示范城市 12140 0.659 0.474 0.000 1.000
企业规模 lnsize 企业资产取对数 12140 22.269 1.359 20.061 28.269
存续年限 lnage 企业存续年限取对数 12140 2.877 0.328 1.386 4.205
研发投入 rdfee 开发支出/营业总收入 12140 0.006 0.019 0.000 0.125
净利润率 roa 净利润/资产总计 12140 0.041 0.058 -0.244 0.196
负债率 debt 负债合计/资产总计 12140 0.402 0.191 0.056 0.922
现金流 cash 经营现金流量净额/营业总收入 12140 0.091 0.145 -0.442 0.718
独立董事 idd 独立董事比例 12140 0.390 0.100 0.000 1.000
两职合一 dual 董事长与总经理兼任情况 12140 0.320 0.467 0.000 1.000
国有制 state 国有股比例 12140 0.026 0.098 0.000 0.900
), ArticleFig(id=1317436168803824632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

主要变量定义与描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量名称 符号 定义 样本 均值 标准差 最小值 最大值
数字协同创新 DIJ 联合数字专利占全部授权专利之比 12140 0.063 0.159 0.000 1.000
DIJS 联合数字专利占联合授权专利之比 12140 0.165 0.318 0.000 1.000
lnDIJ 联合授权数字发明专利加1取对数 12140 0.280 0.728 0.000 7.552
DIJin 联合授权数字发明专利占比 12140 0.031 0.110 0.000 1.000
知识产权示范 IPRC 是否属于知识产权示范城市 12140 0.659 0.474 0.000 1.000
企业规模 lnsize 企业资产取对数 12140 22.269 1.359 20.061 28.269
存续年限 lnage 企业存续年限取对数 12140 2.877 0.328 1.386 4.205
研发投入 rdfee 开发支出/营业总收入 12140 0.006 0.019 0.000 0.125
净利润率 roa 净利润/资产总计 12140 0.041 0.058 -0.244 0.196
负债率 debt 负债合计/资产总计 12140 0.402 0.191 0.056 0.922
现金流 cash 经营现金流量净额/营业总收入 12140 0.091 0.145 -0.442 0.718
独立董事 idd 独立董事比例 12140 0.390 0.100 0.000 1.000
两职合一 dual 董事长与总经理兼任情况 12140 0.320 0.467 0.000 1.000
国有制 state 国有股比例 12140 0.026 0.098 0.000 0.900
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170473157625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Bechmark regression results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 $DI{J}_{t+1}^{S}$
TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
IPRC 0.013** 0.014** 0.016** 0.039*** 0.046***
(2.255) (2.285) (2.519) (2.695) (3.249)
IPRCshare -0.047
(-1.153)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.531 0.535 0.534 0.549 0.354 0.349
样本数 12140 12094 10194 2627 12094 10194
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170611569658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基准回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 $DI{J}_{t+1}^{S}$
TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
IPRC 0.013** 0.014** 0.016** 0.039*** 0.046***
(2.255) (2.285) (2.519) (2.695) (3.249)
IPRCshare -0.047
(-1.153)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.531 0.535 0.534 0.549 0.354 0.349
样本数 12140 12094 10194 2627 12094 10194
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170724815867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Regression results of robust test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
控制
两年预期
排除
法庭试点
排除法庭试点
/其他干扰政策
剔除
直辖市
剔除
直辖市/IT业
剔除
直辖市/IT业/新冠
IPRC 0.013* 0.016** 0.015** 0.014** 0.011* 0.013**
(1.694) (2.515) (2.381) (2.050) (1.861) (2.105)
IPRC-1 -0.005
(-0.650)
IPRC-2 0.007
(0.804)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.535 0.533 0.533 0.530 0.554 0.559
样本数 12094 10290 10290 10823 9821 6998
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170817090556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

稳健性回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
控制
两年预期
排除
法庭试点
排除法庭试点
/其他干扰政策
剔除
直辖市
剔除
直辖市/IT业
剔除
直辖市/IT业/新冠
IPRC 0.013* 0.016** 0.015** 0.014** 0.011* 0.013**
(1.694) (2.515) (2.381) (2.050) (1.861) (2.105)
IPRC-1 -0.005
(-0.650)
IPRC-2 0.007
(0.804)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.535 0.533 0.533 0.530 0.554 0.559
样本数 12094 10290 10290 10823 9821 6998
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170900976637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Robust tests of variable remeasurement and matching method substitution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
lnDIJt+1 DIJint+1 DIJt+1 lnDIJt+1 DIJint+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE PSM-TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
替换
因变量
替换
因变量
替换
解释变量
替换因变量
和解释变量
更换K阶
近邻匹配
更换
卡尺匹配
IPRC 0.065** 0.010** 0.015** 0.016**
(2.489) (2.489) (1.978) (2.376) (2.421)
IPRCnew 0.011* 0.061** 0.010**
(1.859) (2.425) (2.168)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.636 0.448 0.535 0.636 0.448 0.552 0.552
样本数 12094 12094 12094 12094 12094 8852 8796
), ArticleFig(id=1317436170980668414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

重新测度变量和替换匹配方法的稳健性检验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
lnDIJt+1 DIJint+1 DIJt+1 lnDIJt+1 DIJint+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE PSM-TWFE PSM-TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
替换
因变量
替换
因变量
替换
解释变量
替换因变量
和解释变量
更换K阶
近邻匹配
更换
卡尺匹配
IPRC 0.065** 0.010** 0.015** 0.016**
(2.489) (2.489) (1.978) (2.376) (2.421)
IPRCnew 0.011* 0.061** 0.010**
(1.859) (2.425) (2.168)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.636 0.448 0.535 0.636 0.448 0.552 0.552
样本数 12094 12094 12094 12094 12094 8852 8796
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171060360191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of heterogeneity test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
数字创新基础强 数字创新基础弱 成熟衰退期 初创成长期 国有企业 民营企业
IPRC -0.011 0.017** 0.010 0.032*** 0.010 0.011*
(-1.099) (2.359) (0.923) (3.268) (0.521) (1.710)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.508 0.547 0.549 0.554 0.608 0.542
样本数 4030 3927 6028 5097 1399 10226
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171161023488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

异质性检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
数字创新基础强 数字创新基础弱 成熟衰退期 初创成长期 国有企业 民营企业
IPRC -0.011 0.017** 0.010 0.032*** 0.010 0.011*
(-1.099) (2.359) (0.923) (3.268) (0.521) (1.710)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.508 0.547 0.549 0.554 0.608 0.542
样本数 4030 3927 6028 5097 1399 10226
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171261685760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Multi-agent relationship linkage mechanism

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=Inventor med=Applier med=Foetech med=Foeshare
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.005 -0.015 0.012* 0.013**
(0.817) (-1.440) (1.863) (1.975)
med 0.001 0.022*** 0.001 -0.007
(1.035) (4.573) (0.097) (-1.471)
IPRC×med 0.004*** 0.019*** 0.031*** 0.010*
(3.611) (3.430) (2.868) (1.679)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.538 0.549 0.536 0.533
样本数 12094 12094 12094 10288
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171416875009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

多主体关系联结机制

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=Inventor med=Applier med=Foetech med=Foeshare
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.005 -0.015 0.012* 0.013**
(0.817) (-1.440) (1.863) (1.975)
med 0.001 0.022*** 0.001 -0.007
(1.035) (4.573) (0.097) (-1.471)
IPRC×med 0.004*** 0.019*** 0.031*** 0.010*
(3.611) (3.430) (2.868) (1.679)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.538 0.549 0.536 0.533
样本数 12094 12094 12094 10288
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171504955394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Fundamental research diffusion mechanism

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=BasicRD med=ICR med=Cited3 med=Cited5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.007
(0.868) (1.435) (0.893) (0.993)
med -0.006 0.002 0.037*** 0.040***
(-1.355) (0.326) (5.010) (5.549)
IPRC×med 0.017*** 0.026*** 0.022*** 0.019**
(2.779) (3.564) (2.629) (2.328)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.527 0.537 0.547 0.548
样本数 8368 12094 12094 12094
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171567869955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

基础研究扩散机制

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=BasicRD med=ICR med=Cited3 med=Cited5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.007
(0.868) (1.435) (0.893) (0.993)
med -0.006 0.002 0.037*** 0.040***
(-1.355) (0.326) (5.010) (5.549)
IPRC×med 0.017*** 0.026*** 0.022*** 0.019**
(2.779) (3.564) (2.629) (2.328)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.527 0.537 0.547 0.548
样本数 8368 12094 12094 12094
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171819528196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Intellectual property rights enforcement mechanism

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IPCcase DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=Claim med=Conflict med=Scope
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.134*** 0.005 0.011* 0.006
(2.840) (0.739) (1.839) (0.903)
med 0.004*** 0.020 0.013***
(5.346) (1.564) (3.046)
IPRC×med 0.003*** 0.058*** 0.015**
(3.571) (2.654) (2.197)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.690 0.548 0.538 0.542
样本数 10238 12094 12094 12094
), ArticleFig(id=1317436171949551621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1317436163405755332, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

知识产权执法机制

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IPCcase DIJt+1 DIJt+1 DIJt+1
TWFE TWFE TWFE TWFE
med=Claim med=Conflict med=Scope
(1) (2) (3) (4)
IPRC 0.134*** 0.005 0.011* 0.006
(2.840) (0.739) (1.839) (0.903)
med 0.004*** 0.020 0.013***
(5.346) (1.564) (3.046)
IPRC×med 0.003*** 0.058*** 0.015**
(3.571) (2.654) (2.197)
企业特征 Yes Yes Yes Yes
个体/年份 Yes Yes Yes Yes
城市/行业 Yes Yes Yes Yes
adj R2 0.690 0.548 0.538 0.542
样本数 10238 12094 12094 12094
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知识产权示范城市推动了数字协同创新吗?
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左勇华 1 , 匡慧姝 2 , 刘政 1 , 余龙 3
科学学研究 | 创新探索 2026,44(9): 1911-1923
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科学学研究 |创新探索 2026 , 44 (9) : 1911 -1923
知识产权示范城市推动了数字协同创新吗?
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左勇华(1976-),男,副教授,博士。

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左勇华(1976-),男,副教授,博士。

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左勇华1, 匡慧姝2 , 刘政1, 余龙3
作者信息
  • 1 江西师范大学管理科学与工程研究中心, 江西南昌 330022
  • 2 江西师范大学经济与管理学院, 江西南昌 330022
  • 3 江西师范大学江西经济发展研究院, 江西南昌 330022
通讯作者:
匡慧姝(1985-),女,讲师,博士,E-mail:。
作者简介:

左勇华(1976-),男,副教授,博士。

刘政(1981-),男,副教授,博士。

余龙(1993-),男,硕士研究生。

Can intellectual property demonstration cities promote digital collaborative innovation?
Yong-hua ZUO1, Hui-shu KUANG2 , Zheng LIU1, Long YU3
Affiliations
  • 1 Research Center for Management Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
  • 2 School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
  • 3 Jiangxi Institute of Economic Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
出版时间: 2026-09-15
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知识产权公共政策能否保障跨组织数字创新产权,推动企业数字协同创新?基于2011-2023年A股上市公司数据,本文以知识产权示范城市建设为准自然实验,用联合授权数字专利表征数字协同创新,检验了知识产权示范城市影响数字协同创新的效应与机制。研究发现:知识产权示范城市建设促进企业平均数字协同创新率提升22%,说明知识产权公共政策有助于破解跨组织数字创新产权难题,打通企业“数实融合”通道。检验异质性发现,知识产权示范城市对数字协同创新的影响仅存本地创造效应,空间溢出不明显;数字创新基础弱、经历初创成长阶段以及民营类“弱”企业,更易借助知识产权公共政策插上数创协同“翅膀”。就机制而言,增强多主体关系联结、促进基础研究扩散以及强化知识产权执法,都是知识产权示范城市推动企业数字协同创新的重要机制。研究结论为完善知识产权制度创新、构建数字创新联合体等提供理论指导与实践启示。

数字协同创新  /  知识产权示范城市  /  关系联结  /  基础研究  /  产权执法

Digital technology has brought an end to the era where enterprises pursued innovation alone. Digital collaborative innovation, an innovative activity centered on digital innovation and conducted through multi-agent collaboration, is the result of the integration of digital innovation and collaborative innovation. Based on multi-agent collaboration, enterprises can easily break through technological barriers, expand their innovation networks, and unleash the vitality of innovation factors. A favorable intellectual property environment is an important factor in promoting cross-organizational collaborative innovation. Existing research has treated the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment, discussing its impact on innovation, collaborative innovation, or digital innovation separately. However, how does the impact of intellectual property demonstration cities affect enterprise digital collaborative innovation, which centers on digital innovation and adopts the form of collaborative innovation? This topic has rarely been discussed in existing literature. With the accelerated penetration of digital technology in product collaborative innovation and industrial chain collaborative innovation, digital technology innovation consortia have become increasingly important; revealing the conditional mechanisms through which intellectual property demonstration cities trigger enterprise digital collaborative innovation holds theoretical value and practical significance.

Based on data from A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2023, this paper uses the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment, characterizes digital collaborative innovation using jointly authorized digital patents, and examines the effects and mechanisms of intellectual property demonstration cities on digital collaborative innovation. The research finds that the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities has promoted an average increase of 22% in the rate of digital collaborative innovation among enterprises, indicating that public policies on intellectual property rights help to solve the property rights challenges of cross-organizational digital innovation and open up the channel for enterprises to integrate digital and physical innovation. Heterogeneity tests reveal that the impact of intellectual property demonstration cities on digital collaborative innovation only exists in the local creation effect, with no significant spatial spillover; enterprises with weak digital innovation foundations, those experiencing initial growth stages, and private "weak" enterprises are more likely to leverage public policies on intellectual property rights to gain the "wings" of digital-creative collaboration. In terms of mechanisms, enhancing multi-agent relationship connections, promoting the diffusion of basic research, and strengthening intellectual property enforcement are all important mechanisms through which intellectual property demonstration cities promote digital collaborative innovation among enterprises.

The potential academic contributions of this paper lie in the following aspects: Firstly, from a research perspective, this paper is an early empirical literature that examines the impact of intellectual property policies on enterprise digital collaborative innovation from the micro perspective of the interactive integration of digital innovation and collaborative innovation. Secondly, in terms of empirical strategy, this paper employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to identify the causal relationship between intellectual property demonstration policies and enterprise digital collaborative innovation, providing incremental evidence for how to build a digital innovation consortium. Thirdly, in terms of mechanism analysis, this paper clarifies the theoretical mechanism through which the construction of intellectual property demonstration cities promotes enterprise digital collaborative innovation from three aspects: enhancing multi-agent relationship connections, promoting the diffusion of basic research, and strengthening intellectual property law enforcement. This provides theoretical guidance and practical insights for improving the intellectual property system, strengthening product collaborative innovation and building a digital innovation consortium.

digital collaborative innovation  /  intellectual property demonstration city  /  relational linkage  /  basic research  /  property rights enforcement
左勇华, 匡慧姝, 刘政, 余龙. 知识产权示范城市推动了数字协同创新吗?. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (9) : 1911 -1923 .
Yong-hua ZUO, Hui-shu KUANG, Zheng LIU, Long YU. Can intellectual property demonstration cities promote digital collaborative innovation?[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (9) : 1911 -1923 .
数字技术结束了企业单枪匹马开展创新的时代。作为开放式创新典型代表,协同创新是由两个及以上组织通过资源整合实现共同研发的活动[1]。由于数字技术在创新领域广泛渗透,跨组织的协同创新也快速切换到数字合作轨道上。数字协同创新是以数字创新为内容、多主体协同开展的创新活动,是数字创新与协同创新交互融合的成果[2]。基于多主体协同,企业易于突破技术壁垒、扩展创新网络、释放创新要素活力[3];数字技术进一步助推创新要素共享,加速跨界融合、拓展合作创新边界[4]。我国历来重视数字协同创新,从2013年《工业企业信息化和工业化融合评估规范》到2022年《数字中国发展报告》,均强调建设“数字技术协同创新生态”,要求加快“协同创新数字化进程”。
然而,跨组织协作伴随的技术泄露风险和昂贵维权成本,使数字协同创新之路荆棘丛生。一方面,跨组织协作过程中,企业核心知识、技术及商业秘密等知识产权往往需要多方流通,信息边界的模糊性加剧了知识产权泄露风险。另一方面,数字协同创新成果主要以著作、软件等数字技术形态存在,数字技术的可编辑性决定其复制成本低、可变性高,易被非法复制、模仿,导致侵权行为激增,但却面临举证难、审理慢、诉讼贵和赔偿低问题[5]。能否综合保障数字产权与协作产权,是决定跨组织数字协同成败的关键。
既有研究证实,良好知识产权环境是推动跨组织协同创新的重要因素[6]。作为我国知识产权战略部署的重要环节,知识产权示范城市建设显著提高了当地知识产权保护能力。既有研究将知识产权示范城市建设作为准自然实验,分别讨论了其对创新[7]、协同创新或数字创新[8]的影响。但对以数字创新为内容、采用协同创新形式的数字协同创新,知识产权示范城市影响如何?现有文献鲜有讨论。随着数字技术在产品协同创新与产业链协同创新的加速渗透,数字技术创新联合体越发重要;揭示知识产权示范城市触发数字协同创新的条件机制具有理论价值与实践意义。
创新系统观认为创新活动并非孤立行为,而是高度依赖组织间持续协作。借助研发合作,企业更易打破资源壁垒、获取隐性知识、突破前沿技术[5]。然而,多主体参与协同创新时,共享组织间的外部知识加剧了核心知识泄露风险,挫伤了研发主体协同创新积极性[9]。此外,不同于常规协同创新,数字协同创新还继承了数字创新的生成性,其由数据编码构成,拥有更低复制成本、流动成本以及搜索成本,易被反向工程和功能重建[10],使得创新成果易被模仿、窃取,致使知识侵权行为频发[11]。知识产权侵权破坏了创新收益独占机制,使数字协同创新主体面临研发投入无法回收、市场竞争力下降等严重后果。因此,数字协同创新高度依赖知识产权保护体系。
作为我国知识产权战略部署的重要内容,知识产权示范城市建设旨在提高知识产权综合保护能力。根据《国家知识产权评定示范城市指标体系》,知识产权示范城市覆盖了“客观实力评价”“任务考核”和“工作创新”三大知识产权指标体系。其中,“客观实力评价”指标包括知识产权创造、运用、保护、管理及服务五大板块,“任务考核”指标重点关注当地知识产权体制机制和能力建设成效。显然,知识产权示范城市有助于从政府注意力、行政执法等,构建门类齐全、结构严密、内外协调的知识产权保护体系,防止知识产权肆意模仿与滥用,保障跨组织协同创新成果。鉴此,从数字协同创新的知识产权保护独特需求与知识产权示范城市的特有知识产权保护供给而言,本文提出如下研究假设:
H1:知识产权示范城市促进了企业数字协同创新。
知识产权示范城市增强了知识产权公共服务能力,通过推动技术供需匹配、创新资源整合、外资技术流入等,为数字研发合作提供多主体关系联结。首先,早期合作主体搜寻匹配主要依赖于人际接触[12],合作主体匹配效率低。知识产权示范城市重视信息公共服务建设,围绕创新主体需求,通过主动提供基础性知识产权信息、积极推送“揭榜挂帅”等方式发布合作需求,搭建技术供需对接平台。这提升了技术供需匹配效率,有助于推进多主体研发合作[13]。数字技术背景下,数字化、智能化高居“揭榜挂帅”榜首,数字协同创新愈加广泛。
其次,知识产权示范城市为跨组织研发合作的人才流动、成果转化等创新资源整合提供公共服务支持。一方面,企业合作创新的主要对象是人力资源集聚的高校、科研院所,知识产权示范城市构建了良好知识产权公共服务能力,为协同创新人才借调、流动提供便利,促进智力资源整合。另一方面,知识产权公共服务也为协作创新成果提供技术鉴定、成果转让信息发布等服务支持,加速创新成果转化为实际收益、促进创新资金投入。李振东等[14]证实,与外部主体研发合作提升了企业资源配置效率,促进数字创新绩效。最后,知识产权示范城市增强了外资先进技术流入,推动数字研发协作。既有研究指出,外商直接投资通过技术溢出效应,显著提升了我国企业技术创新水平与持续时间[15],是我国企业追赶数字技术前沿、实施数字技术创新的重要渠道。然而,外商直接投资的技术溢出效应依赖于知识产权环境。通过能力强化、政策完善、加强保护等策略,知识产权示范城市营造开放、合作、信任的产权环境,这有助于提高外资先进技术流入和技术转让[15],从而推动中外企业共建研发机构、实施合作研发项目等展开协同创新。因此,本文提出如下研究假设:
H2:知识产权示范城市通过增强多主体关系联结促进企业数字协同创新。
知识产权示范建设推动城市聚焦基础研究及平台发展,通过知识扩散效应催生企业数字研发合作。一方面,基础研究是撬动颠覆性、前瞻性创新的“总机关”。知识产权示范城市评定和管理均强调基础研究,基础领域的高价值核心专利是评价知识产权创造能力的关键指标。这促使政府注意力聚焦于基础研究,加大科技资源投入。例如,示范城市厦门将人工智能、集成电路、新材料等基础研究领域的高价值专利,列为知识产权强市建设的核心任务目标。基础研究集聚形成“公共知识池”,有助于加速学科交叉融合,推动研发合作多元化、开放化[16]。数字技术情境中,基础研究也“乘”数而上,推动数据要素与基础研究融合渗透,带动更多数字研发合作。
另一方面,知识产权示范城市加快基础研究平台建设、认定与开放共享,通过科技资源共享共建的核心运行机制,推动企业、高校、科研机构组建产学研联盟、开展技术合作创新。既有研究证实,基础研究平台通过集聚技术、资金、人才等创新要素优势,助力产业关键技术突破创新;而关键共性技术通过水平、垂直的双向知识溢出效应,推动产业内、产业间企业研发合作[17]。示范城市建设实践中,厦门引入区块链、物联网、大数据、人工智能等关键共性平台,推动了数字技术与产业创新深度融合。此外,基础研究平台一般立足数字技术,天然拥有数字基因,其数创融合实践是数字协同创新的生动体现。因此,本文提出如下假设:
H3:知识产权示范城市通过推动基础研究扩散促进企业数字协同创新。
相比于传统合作创新,数字协同创新面临更复杂、更隐蔽的知识产权侵权难题,需要力度更大、效率更高的专业性知识产权执法[11]。示范城市提高了知识产权执法力度与效率,有效保障数字协同创新收益,提高研发协作意愿。首先,加强知识产权执法力度能有效减缓研发收益外溢,提升专利产出[18]。“专利行政执法工作状况”是示范城市考核中的一票否决指标,示范城市普遍加大对电子产品、互联网等数字经济领域专利侵权的行政执法力度,如厦门市2022年重点对互联网领域仿冒混淆、网络侵权盗版等行为开展了行政执法专项行动。知识产权示范城市对数字专利产权的强有力保护降低了企业对数字创新收益受损的担忧,强化了联合创新意愿。
其次,高效的知识产权执法效率促进侵权纠纷的快速解决,提升了企业研发投资与专利申请[5]。为应对数字经济知识产权纠纷案件大幅攀升,知识产权示范城市通过智慧监管技术、建立技术调查官制度、定期举办电子数据举证大比武等,提升数字专利知识产权执法专业化水平;并建立知识产权快保护模式,提升数字经济领域知识产权执法效率。袁胜超[19]证实,在知识产权保护水平高的地区,数字协同创新效应越明显。因此,本文提出如下假设:
H4:知识产权示范城市通过强化知识产权执法推动企业数字协同创新。
综上,本文概念模型如图1所示。
本文以2011-2023年A股上市公司为研究样本,相关数据来自上市公司年报、智慧芽以及CNRDS数据库。为确保研究有效,删除了金融、保险类公司,剔除了ST、PT以及出现少于两年的企业,对连续变量进行1%至99%缩尾后,最终获得2152家企业共计12140个初始观测值。
(1)被解释变量:企业数字协同创新(DIJ)。借鉴龙小宁等[20]思路,用联合数字专利表征数字协同创新,构建四类指标:用企业联合授权数字专利数除以全部授权专利总数,刻画数字协同创新基础特征(DIJ);用联合授权数字专利数除以联合授权专利总数,构建窄口径数字协同创新率指标(DIJS);仅保留发明专利,将联合授权数字发明专利加1取对数(lnDIJ),或将其除以联合授权专利总数(DIJin),构建高质量数字协同创新的稳健性指标。表1汇报了四类数字协同创新变量的统计特征。以第一类基础指标为例,企业数字协同创新率(DIJ)均值为0.063,说明企业平均有6.3%的联合数字专利。
(2)核心解释变量:知识产权示范城市(IPRC)。借鉴潘冬[8],选取知识产权示范城市作为准自然试验,将上市公司注册地是否为知识产权示范城市定义处理组与控制组,结合各批次纳入知识产权示范城市年份,构建知识产权示范城市虚拟指标(IPRC)。
(3)控制因素:借鉴郑攀攀和庄子银[11]、龙小宁等[20],选取企业规模(lnsize)、存续年限(lnage)、研发投入(rdfee)、净利润率(roa)、资产负债率(debt)、现金流(cash)、独立董事占比(idd)、董事长与总经理是否两职合一(dual)以及国有股比例(state)作为控制变量,同时控制个体、年份、城市、行业固定效应。
为验证知识产权示范城市对企业数字协同创新的影响,借鉴潘冬[8]等,构建多期双重差分计量模型:
$DI{J}_{fci,t+1}={\alpha }_{0}+{\beta }_{1}IPR{C}_{ct}+{\gamma }_{1}C{V}_{fcit}+{\alpha }_{f}+{\alpha }_{t}+{\alpha }_{c}+{\alpha }_{i}+{\epsilon }_{fcit}$
其中,下标f、c、i、t代表企业、城市、行业和年份,企业数字协同创新(DIJ)是因变量,鉴于企业联合授权数字专利存在时滞,为减弱变量同期干扰,将企业数字协同创新变量推后一年。知识产权示范城市(IPRC)是核心解释变量,CV为企业控制因素,α0为常数项,αf、αt、αc、αi为企业个体、年份、城市、行业固定效应,ε为随机扰动项。
为检验知识产权示范城市影响企业数字协同创新的机制,设立如下检验方程:
$DI{J}_{fci,t+1}={\alpha }_{1}+{\beta }_{2}IPR{C}_{ct}+{\beta }_{3}me{d}_{fcit}+{\beta }_{4}IPR{C}_{ct}\times me{d}_{fcit}+{\gamma }_{2}C{V}_{fcit}+{\alpha }_{f}+{\alpha }_{t}+{\alpha }_{c}+{\alpha }_{i}+{\epsilon }_{fcit}$
其中,med为机制变量,本文从多主体关系联结、基础研究扩散以及知识产权执法三方面展开检验。
表2为基准回归结果。(1)-(4)列将联合授权数字专利占全部授权专利之比(DIJ)表征企业数字协同创新,列(1)控制了企业特征、个体与年份固定效应,列(2)新增控制了城市与行业固定效应。(1)-(2)列知识产权示范城市系数高度显著为正,说明知识产权建设推动了企业数字协同创新,验证了假设H1。以列(2)为例,知识产权示范城市系数为0.014,结合样本期间企业数字协同创新均值(0.063),可知知识产权示范城市促进样本企业平均数字协同创新率提升了22%(0.014/0.063)。然而,知识产权示范城市可能存在样本选择性,列(3)采用逐年匹配方法构建知识产权示范企业对照组,发现知识产权示范城市系数仍高度显著为正。
为检验知识产权示范城市建设是否存在空间溢出效应,列(4)构建了省级层面知识产权示范城市的处理组企业占比(IPRCshare),以检验其对同省控制组企业数字协同创新影响。结果显示,随着拥有知识产权示范企业密度提升,同省的控制组企业数字协同创新没有得到增强,说明知识产权示范城市建设对企业数字协同创新仅存本地创造效应,其空间溢出效应并不明显。列(5)和列(6)针对窄口径数字协同创新率指标(DIJS),采用双重差分或核匹配后的双重差分方法展开检验,知识产权示范城市系数仍然高度显著为正,再次证实假设H1,说明知识产权示范城市建设的确推动了企业数字协同创新。
采用事件研究法,对多期双重差分模型展开平行趋势检验:
$DI{J}_{fci,t+1}={\alpha }_{0}+\sum _{\kappa \ge -7  \kappa \ne -1}^{9}{\beta }_{\kappa }IPR{C}_{ct}^{\kappa }+{\gamma }_{1}C{V}_{fcit}+{\alpha }_{f}+{\alpha }_{t}+{\alpha }_{c}+{\alpha }_{i}+{\epsilon }_{fcit}$
其中,$IPR{C}_{ct}^{\kappa }$代表知识产权示范城市虚拟变量,将设立知识产权示范城市的实际年份yearc作为政策开始时间,令κ=year-yearc,当$\kappa=-7、-6、\cdots \cdots、 8、9$时,相应的$IPR{C}_{ct}^{\kappa }=1$,否则为0;κ=0代表政策初始年份,κ取负(正)代表政策实施前(后)κ年。为减少变量共线性,选择设立知识产权示范城市前1年(κ=-1)为基期。图2左侧汇报了平行趋势检验结果,显示在设立知识产权示范城市当年及以前年份(-7≤κ≤0),系数βκ均不显著,而仅在设立知识产权示范城市第1年以后(1≤κ≤9),处理组的企业数字协同创新效应才显著为正,证实多期双重差分模型通过了平行趋势检验。
为排除其他随机因素对企业数字协同创新的影响,展开安慰剂检验。随机抽样500次构建知识产权示范城市的“伪政策虚拟变量”,采用多期双重差分模型重新回归。图2右侧显示,企业数字协同创新的真实基准回归系数与“伪政策虚拟变量”的回归系数存在显著差异,各类伪回归估计系数服从正态分布且集中在0值,其p值大多数都大于0.1,说明知识产权示范城市对企业数字协同创新的影响并非由其他随机因素造成,证实假设H1成立。
(1)控制预期效应。为控制企业提前预期知识产权示范城市效应,将知识产权示范城市设立时间提前,控制1至2年的预期效应(IPRC-1和IPRC-2)。表3列(1)显示,控制的1至2年预期效应均不显著,而知识产权示范城市系数仍显著为正,说明排除预期效应后,知识产权示范城市仍具有数字协同创新效应。
(2)排除相关政策干扰。2014年我国在北京、上海、广州优先实施了知识产权法庭试点政策,表3列(2)将其作为干扰政策之一进行控制;在此基础上,列(3)进一步排除了宽带中国建设、国家大数据示范区、国家级新区、国家自由贸易试验区、金融改革综合试验区等创新类政策干扰。列(2)至列(3)显示知识产权示范城市系数仍显著为正,证实本文结论稳健。
(3)剔除特殊样本。样本特殊性也可能影响本文结论,因此逐步剔除如下三类特殊样本:剔除北京、天津、上海和重庆四个直辖市,剔除信息传输、软件和信息技术服务等IT产业,剔除2020年及以后受新冠疫情影响样本。表3列(4)至列(6)显示,剔除上述样本后,知识产权示范城市仍然显著促进了企业数字协同创新。
(4)重新测度核心变量。首先,改变企业数字协同创新的测量方式。鉴于发明专利更能代表高质量创新,选择企业联合授权数字发明专利绝对数(lnDIJ)或相对值(DIJin),作为企业高质量的数字协同创新替换指标。表4列(1)和列(2)显示,知识产权示范城市系数仍显著为正。其次,重新测量知识产权示范城市,以政策执行月份为准,将6月前执行政策设置为政策当年,将6月后执行政策设置为政策后年,构建知识产权示范城市替换指标(IPRCnew)。列(3)至列(5)显示,无论更换核心解释变量或因变量,知识产权示范城市系数都显著为正,再次证实本文假设成立。
(5)更换匹配方法。表4列(6)和列(7)采用K阶近邻匹配(1∶3)或卡尺匹配(0.01)构建对照组,利用匹配后的数据展开检验,发现知识产权示范城市系数仍显著为正。
受惠于知识产权示范城市建设,哪类企业更易推动数字协同创新?本文从地区、行业以及企业异质性展开检验。首先,区域数字创新基础是企业开展数字协同创新的重要外部条件。数字创新基础差的地区,企业将面临更多数字产权困扰,但知识产权示范城市建设能治理数字产权困境。整理城市制造业数字专利数,按其中位数分组,构建地区数字创新基础强弱特征。表5列(1)至列(2)检验显示,知识产权示范城市仅促进了数字创新基础弱地区的企业数字协同创新。其次,借鉴刘诗源等[21]根据现金流划分企业生命周期思路,按照企业在经营、投资、筹资三类活动中现金流净额的正负组合,将样本分为初创与增长期、成熟与衰退期。表5列(3)至列(4)分组检验显示,知识产权示范城市仅促进了初创与增长阶段的企业数字协同创新。最后,根据所有制差异,将样本分为大型国有企业和中小民营企业。列(5)至列(6)检验显示,知识产权示范城市仅促进了中小民营企业数字协同创新。综上,对于地区数字创新基础差、历经初创成长阶段以及民营类的“弱”企业,更易借助知识产权示范城市建设插上数创协同的“翅膀”。
假设H2表明,知识产权示范建设增强了城市知识产权公共服务能力,降低了创新主体信息不对称,为数字研发合作提供多主体关系联结,对此展开检验。首先,从发明人个数入手,数字合作专利发明人越多时,主体协同难度越大,更加依赖知识产权制度来强化主体联结。计算企业联合授权数字专利的发明人数(med=Inventor),根据方程(2),将发明人数与知识产权示范城市相乘。表6列(1)显示,交互项(IPRC×med)高度显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市建设有助于缓解多元创新主体背后的关系联结难题,对发明人越多的企业数字协同创新越明显。其次,从专利权人数入手,将企业数字合作创新中的专利权人数(med=Applier)乘以知识产权示范城市。表6列(2)交互项(IPRC×med)也显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市通过改善多受益主体关系促进企业数字协同创新。最后,就合作对象看,因文化差异,内外资合作通常比纯内资合作更难建立信任关系。按企业数字合作专利对象区分是否外资特征(med=Foetech),或者根据企业前十大股东中是否拥有外资构建内外资主体文化差异指标(med=Foeshare),将其分别乘以知识产权示范城市。表6列(3)、列(4)两组交互项(IPRC×med)均显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市也通过改善内外资创新主体关系联结推动企业数字协同创新。综上,本文验证了研究假设H2。
假设H3表明,知识产权示范建设提高了城市基础研究注意力,通过知识扩散机制促进企业数字协同创新,对此展开检验。首先,从宏观入手,参考2018年《国务院关于全面加强基础科学研究的若干意见》,借鉴许治和张建超[22]选取地方政府公报并提取“基础研究”“核心技术”“基础科学”“关键技术”等关键词词频,构建地区基础研究注意力(med=BasicRD),将其与知识产权示范城市相乘。表7列(1)交互项(IPRC×med)显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市通过提高地方政府基础研究注意力推动企业数字协同创新。其次,从微观入手,通过文本法识别企业产学研合作中是否涉及高校或科研机构,由此定义企业基础研究(med=ICR),将其乘以知识产权示范城市。表7列(2)交互项(IPRC×med)显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市通过增强基础研究扩散促进企业数字协同创新。最后,企业专利引用也是基础研究知识扩散的重要特征,计算企业3年内或5年内同族被引专利数(med=Cited3或med=Cited5),将其乘以知识产权示范城市。表7列(3)和列(4)交互项(IPRC×med)始终显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市也通过企业专利被引的基础研究扩散机制促进企业数字协同创新。这验证了假设H3。
根据假设H4,知识产权执法也是示范城市影响企业数字协同创新的重要机制,对此展开检验。其一,从宏观入手,借鉴郑攀攀和庄子银[11],将地级市知识产权结案数加1取对数(IPCcase)作为地方知识产权执法效率的代理指标,将其作为因变量。表8列(1)检验显示,核心解释变量显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市建设提升了地区知识产权执法效率,进而推动企业数字协同创新。其二,从微观入手,通过文本法识别企业数字合作专利的权利要求数(med=Claim),其值越大,表明企业联合创新涉及更加丰富的产权保护内容,将其乘以知识产权示范城市。表8列(2)交互项(IPRC×med)显著为正,说明产权保护内容越丰富时,知识产权示范城市越易促进企业数字协同创新。其三,以企业专利纠纷数入手(med=Conflict),将其乘以知识产权示范城市,表8列(3)交互项(IPRC×med)显著为正,说明合作专利纠纷越多时,知识产权示范城市建设越易推动企业数字协同创新。其四,选取企业专利保护范围的宽广程度(med=Scope),按照方程(2)展开检验。表8列(4)交互项(IPRC×med)仍显著为正,说明知识产权示范城市对于专利保护范围越广的企业数字协同创新越明显。上述结果验证了假设H4。
本文基于2011-2023年A股上市公司数据,用联合授权数字专利表征数字协同创新,采用多期双重差分方法,实证检验了知识产权示范城市建设对企业数字协同创新的影响与机制。研究发现:(1)知识产权示范城市建设促进企业平均数字协同创新率提升22%,说明知识产权公共政策有助于破解跨组织数字创新产权难题,打通跨组织“数实融合”通道。(2)异质性检验发现,知识产权示范城市建设对数字协同创新仅存本地创造效应,空间溢出效应不明显;地区数字创新基础越差、经历初创成长阶段以及民营类的“弱”企业,更易借助知识产权示范城市建设插上数字协同创新“翅膀”,说明知识产权示范城市承担了公共知识产权“兜底”功能,重点促进了“弱”企业数字协同创新。(3)机制检验表明,增强多主体关系联结、促进基础研究扩散以及强化知识产权执法,都是知识产权示范城市推动企业数字协同创新的重要机制。
本文可能的学术贡献在于:第一,研究视角上,本文是较早从数字创新与协同创新交互融合的微观视角,考察知识产权政策影响企业数字协同创新的经验文献。第二,实证策略上,采用多期双重差分模型识别了知识产权示范政策影响企业数字协同创新的因果关系,为如何构建数字创新联合体提供了增量证据。第三,机制解析上,本文从增强多主体关系联结、促进基础研究扩散以及强化知识产权执法三方面,厘清了知识产权示范城市建设推动企业数字协同创新的理论机制,为如何加快协同创新数字化进程、建设数字技术协同创新生态提供了理论解释。
基于以上研究结论,得到以下政策启示:
(1)加快数字知识产权制度建设。知识产权示范城市应加快数据知识产权规则制定、数据知识产权保护工作制度及相关性政策文件出台,为跨组织数字研发合作提供产权制度保障。政府应大力推广典型案例和成功经验,适时拓展知识产权示范城市范围,扩大知识产权制度建设促进跨组织数字研发合作的辐射范围。
(2)增强知识产权公共服务供给,推动基础研究平台建设,提高数据产权执法力度与效率。推动知识产权示范城市成为增强知识产权公共服务供给的重要抓手,为跨组织关系联结与研发合作提供便捷化、高效化知识产权公共服务;分级分类推进基础研究平台、关键共性技术平台等公共技术平台建设,提高知识产权公共服务机构对促进基础研究专门化、标准化的服务水平,增强基础研究对区域创新的知识溢出效应;加大数据知识产权侵权打击力度,开辟数字专利产权保护绿色通道,优化数字专利产权执法流程,提高数字专利行政保护力度与效率。
(3)加大数字创新基础薄弱示范城市的知识产权工作指导,提振知识产权制度建设对数字合作创新的保护信心。示范城市应积极鼓励初创企业、民营企业主动嵌入数字创新网络,对初创企业、民营企业的数字协同研发给予更多便捷化、专门化知识产权公共服务,在技术、人才、资金、市场等创新要素资源分配方面给予政策倾斜,推动跨组织“数实创新融合”走深走实。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(72263020)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(72463015)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(72063021)
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2026年第44卷第9期
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  • 接收时间:2025-06-09
  • 首发时间:2026-10-15
  • 出版时间:2026-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-09
  • 修回日期:2025-10-17
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72263020)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72463015)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72063021)
作者信息
    1 江西师范大学管理科学与工程研究中心, 江西南昌 330022
    2 江西师范大学经济与管理学院, 江西南昌 330022
    3 江西师范大学江西经济发展研究院, 江西南昌 330022

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匡慧姝(1985-),女,讲师,博士,E-mail:。
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