首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1316695279563288751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1316695224617914963, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1732118400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-21, revisedDate=1740931200000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791854217662, onlineDateStr=2026-10-13, pubDate=1768406400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791854217662, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791854217662, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791854217662, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1316695224617914963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1768406400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791854204563, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791854713654, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1316697359963239159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1316695224617914963, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1316697359963239160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1316695224617914963, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=108, endPage=118, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1316695279949164720, articleId=1316695279563288751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=The competency configuration and growth path of strategic talent, columnId=1309226307540574209, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Theories and Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As the primary resource, talents, especially the strategic talent force, play an increasingly prominent supporting role in enterprise innovation activities. However, despite the remarkable progress made in the construction of talent teams across various industries, the cultivation and utilization of the strategic talent force are still in the long - term exploratory stage. A large number of enterprises still have no understanding of the overall picture of the strategic talent force and lack systematic theoretical guidance on how to cultivate relevant talents. Regrettably, the current theoretical research on the competency structure and development laws of the strategic talent force is still in its infancy. Existing studies have carried out some exploratory work on deconstructing the competency structure of the strategic talent force, but their focus has been on describing the morphological characteristics of talent competency elements. Questions such as what differences exist in the competency structures of different types of strategic talent forces and what development trajectories the elements in a specific competency structure follow still remain to be answered. Therefore, this study, on the basis of clarifying the competency configurations of two types of strategic talents, strategic scientists and outstanding engineers, maps the evolution of their competencies with individual growth, thus providing new insights for cultivating competencies required for strategic talents.

We conducted semi-structured interviews with 34 top experts from a central state-owned enterprise. These interviews required respondents to recall 1-3 behavioral events of themselves or high-level talents around them in the process of achieving significant accomplishments, solving major problems, leading major projects, as well as 1-3 typical experiences of their own growth and participation in talent cultivation. Subsequently, adopting the programmatic grounded theory, we refined the typical competencies of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers, and the processes and mechanisms of the competencies’ formation.

The study finds that: (1) Strategic scientists possess competencies such as a commitment to scientific truth, a noble scientific mission, a strategic scientist identity, advanced theoretical insights, and exceptional exploration abilities; outstanding engineers possess competencies such as practical engineering qualities, ambitious engineering goals, an outstanding engineer identity, forward-looking engineering insights, and excellent practical skills. The competency configurations of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers exhibit heterogeneity, with the former serving scientific discovery and theoretical innovation, while the latter serves engineering practice and industrial development; (2) The evolution of the competency configurations of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers includes five core stages: enlightenment, education, career initiation, career development, and career emergence. (3) The differences in the competency configurations lead to varying key factors and pathways in their corresponding evolutionary contexts. Moreover, the development of competencies demonstrates dynamic characteristics of sequential integration and presents an evolutionary form of multiple parallel pathways.

The theoretical contributions of this study can be summarized in three aspects: First, unlike previous studies that focused on depicting the profile of a single type of strategic talents, this study deconstructs and contrasts the competency configurations of scientists and engineers, by considering the context distinction of talents. Second, differing from studies on talent development, this study goes beyond merely observing the individual development of strategic talents and, by considering the dynamic characteristics of competencies, delves deeply into the underlying trajectory of competency evolution. Third, in terms of theory, this paper combines the longitudinal perspective of career theory with the lateral perspective of competency theory, fostering dialogue between these two talent-focused theories.

, authors=Zhong-hua GAO1, Chen LIN2, Chen ZHAO2, authorsList=Zhong-hua GAO, Chen LIN, Chen ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chen LIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1316695282646102200, articleId=1316695279563288751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=战略人才力量的多重素养结构及其演化机制, columnId=1309226307683180547, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=理论与方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

建设国家战略人才力量是我国现代化建设的重中之重,然而战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化规律尚有待揭示。本文在厘清人才素养核心特征的基础上,以某央企国资企业的34名拔尖专家为访谈对象,刻画战略科学家和卓越工程师这两类战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化机制。研究发现:(1)战略科学家具备求真科学品质、崇高科学使命、战略科学家定位、超前理论见解、杰出探索能力等服务于科学发现和理论创新的素养;卓越工程师具备务实工程品质、远大工程目标、卓越工程师定位、前瞻工程见解、精湛实践能力等服务于工程实践和产业建设的素养;(2)战略人才力量的素养结构为特质、动机、自我概念、知识及技能5种要素的有机组合,其发展均经历了包括启蒙阶段、教育阶段、职业起步、职业发展和职业涌现5个核心阶段的演化过程;(3)这两类战略人才力量的素养结构的同构性和异构性导致其演化机制同时存在趋同性和差异性;且素养发展呈前后衔接的连续性,以及多重素养要素并行发展的共时性。研究从人才素养视角解析战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化机制,为培育战略人才力量提供实践启示。

, authors=高中华1, 林晨2, 赵晨2, authorsList=高中华, 林晨, 赵晨, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=林晨, authorNote=

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

, correspAuthorsNote=
林晨(1999-),男,博士研究生, E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=wK4iiHBoIlLI3Ve3WUN86w==, magXml=u+glPzkqSx65lN0jKoytRQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=xIiPN2kJzxmyqotS0rQ/ew==, pdfFileSize=9989958, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=W/ttRrEMBdl8wmAGkf+ZTA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3dxGwlSfIAZ9xG50tEYPPg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1316695283069726912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283174584514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283069726912, language=EN, stringName=Zhong-hua GAO, firstName=Zhong-hua, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283250081987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283069726912, language=CN, stringName=高中华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006, bio={"content":"

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282855817401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282864206010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282872594619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006)])]), Author(id=1316695283312996549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lauterate@foxmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283401076935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283312996549, language=EN, stringName=Chen LIN, firstName=Chen, middleName=null, lastName=LIN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283472380104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283312996549, language=CN, stringName=林晨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282960675004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282969063613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282973257918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876)])]), Author(id=1316695283543683274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283619180748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283543683274, language=EN, stringName=Chen ZHAO, firstName=Chen, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283686289613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283543683274, language=CN, stringName=赵晨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876, bio={"content":"

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282960675004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282969063613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282973257918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1316695283782758606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=strategic talent), Keyword(id=1316695283849867471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=talent competency configuration), Keyword(id=1316695283937947856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=outstanding engineer), Keyword(id=1316695284067971281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=strategic scientist), Keyword(id=1316695284177023186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=战略人才力量), Keyword(id=1316695284294463699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=素养结构), Keyword(id=1316695284386738388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=卓越工程师), Keyword(id=1316695284474818773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=战略科学家), Keyword(id=1316695284550316246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=演化机制)], refs=[Reference(id=1316695287037538526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=36, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=赵晨, 林晨, 李沐阳, journalName=技术经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵晨, 林晨, 李沐阳. 人才支撑产业与创新融合发展--文献综述、研究框架及展望[J]. 技术经济, 2024, 43(3): 36-50., articleTitle=人才支撑产业与创新融合发展--文献综述、研究框架及展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287104647391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=36, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Zhao C, Lin C, Li M Y, journalName=Journal of Technology Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao C, Lin C, Li M Y. Integrated development of talent supporting industry and innovation: Literature review, research framework, and prospects[J]. Journal of Technology Economics, 2024, 43(3): 36-50., articleTitle=Integrated development of talent supporting industry and innovation: Literature review, research framework, and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287171756256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=142, pageEnd=149, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=张丹丹, 王小理, journalName=中国科技论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张丹丹, 王小理. 战略科学家研究述评及未来研究议题展望[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2024(3): 142-149., articleTitle=战略科学家研究述评及未来研究议题展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287243059425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=142, pageEnd=149, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Zhang D D, Wang X L, journalName=Forum on Science and Technology in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang D D, Wang X L. A review of strategic scientists, research and prospects for future research topics[J]. Forum on Science and Technology in China, 2024(3): 142-149., articleTitle=A review of strategic scientists, research and prospects for future research topics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287326945506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=9, pageStart=36, pageEnd=42, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=王璐瑶, 熊艾伦, 陈劲, journalName=科技管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王璐瑶, 熊艾伦, 陈劲. 战略科技人才胜任力模型构建与分类评价[J]. 科技管理研究, 2023, 43(9): 36-42., articleTitle=战略科技人才胜任力模型构建与分类评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287415025891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=9, pageStart=36, pageEnd=42, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Wang L Y, Xiong A L, Chen J, journalName=Science and Technology Management Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang L Y, Xiong A L, Chen J. Construction and classification evaluation of competency model of strategic scientific and technological talents[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2023, 43(9): 36-42., articleTitle=Construction and classification evaluation of competency model of strategic scientific and technological talents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287498911972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=11, pageStart=114, pageEnd=122, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=石长慧, 王卓妮, 张文霞, journalName=中国科技论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石长慧, 王卓妮, 张文霞. 战略人才力量:认识、问题与政策建议[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2024(11):114-122., articleTitle=战略人才力量:认识、问题与政策建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287574409445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=11, pageStart=114, pageEnd=122, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Shi C H, Wang Z N, Zhang W X, journalName=Forum on Science and Technology in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi C H, Wang Z N, Zhang W X. Strategic talent forces: Understanding, problems, and policy suggestions[J]. Forum on Science and Technology in China, 2024(11):114-122., articleTitle=Strategic talent forces: Understanding, problems, and policy suggestions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287700238566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=1475, pageEnd=1489, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=王昉, 申金升, 武虹, journalName=中国科学院院刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王昉, 申金升, 武虹, 等. 战略科学家典型特征量化评估:探索与实证研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(10): 1475-1489., articleTitle=战略科学家典型特征量化评估:探索与实证研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287779930343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=10, pageStart=1475, pageEnd=1489, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Wang F, Shen J S, Wu H, journalName=Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang F, Shen J S, Wu H, et al. Quantitative assessment of typical characteristics of strategic scientists: Exploration and empirical research[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 38(10): 1475-1489., articleTitle=Quantitative assessment of typical characteristics of strategic scientists: Exploration and empirical research, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287863816424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=4, pageStart=106, pageEnd=113, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=王月琴, 夏从亚, journalName=科技管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王月琴, 夏从亚. 战略性科技创新人才心理资本探析与培育--以火炸药学家王泽山院士为例[J]. 科技管理研究, 2019, 39(4): 106-113., articleTitle=战略性科技创新人才心理资本探析与培育--以火炸药学家王泽山院士为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695287951896809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=4, pageStart=106, pageEnd=113, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Wang Y Q, Xia C Y, journalName=Science and Technology Management Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y Q, Xia C Y. Analysis and cultivation of psychological capital of strategic scientific and technological innovation talents: Take academician of fire explosives Wang Zeshan as an example[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2019, 39(4): 106-113., articleTitle=Analysis and cultivation of psychological capital of strategic scientific and technological innovation talents: Take academician of fire explosives Wang Zeshan as an example, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288052560106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=5, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=汪长明, journalName=高教探索, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汪长明. “钱学森之问”:话语指向、机制纠偏及践履路径[J]. 高教探索, 2022(4): 5-14., articleTitle=“钱学森之问”:话语指向、机制纠偏及践履路径, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288174194923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=5, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Wang C M., journalName=Higher Education Exploration, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang C M. Qian Xuesen’s question: Discourse orientation, mechanism correction, and practical path[J]. Higher Education Exploration, 2022 (4): 5-14., articleTitle=Qian Xuesen’s question: Discourse orientation, mechanism correction, and practical path, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288245498092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=49, issue=2, pageStart=192, pageEnd=203, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Meyers M C, van Woerkom M, journalName=Journal of World Business, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meyers M C, van Woerkom M. The influence of underlying philosophies on talent management: Theory, implications for practice, and research agenda[J]. Journal of World Business, 2014, 49(2): 192-203., articleTitle=The influence of underlying philosophies on talent management: Theory, implications for practice, and research agenda, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288316801261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1978, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=12, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Bandura A, journalName=Journal of Communication, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bandura A. Social learning theory of aggression[J]. Journal of Communication, 1978, 28(3): 12-29., articleTitle=Social learning theory of aggression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288421658862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1998, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=9, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Spencer L, Spencer S, journalName=Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Spencer L, Spencer S. Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance[M]. Manhattan: John Wiley & Sons, 1998: 9-21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288547487983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1980, volume=16, issue=3, pageStart=282, pageEnd=298, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Super D E., journalName=Journal of Vocational Behavior, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Super D E. A life-span, life-space approach to career development[J]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1980, 16(3): 282-298., articleTitle=A life-span, life-space approach to career development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288631374064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=31, issue=4, pageStart=474, pageEnd=510, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Wiblen S L, Mcdonnell A, journalName=International Journal of Human Resource Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wiblen S L, Mcdonnell A. Connecting “talent” meanings and multi-level context: A discursive approach[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020, 31(4): 474-510., articleTitle=Connecting “talent” meanings and multi-level context: A discursive approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288702677233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=23, issue=4, pageStart=290, pageEnd=300, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Gallardo-Gallardo E, Dries N, González-Cruz T F, journalName=Human Resource Management Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gallardo-Gallardo E, Dries N, González-Cruz T F. What is the meaning of “talent” in the world of work?[J]. Human Resource Management Review, 2013, 23(4): 290-300., articleTitle=What is the meaning of “talent” in the world of work?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288799146226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=23, issue=4, pageStart=305, pageEnd=321, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Meyers C, Woerkom M V, Dries N, journalName=Human Resource Management Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meyers C, Woerkom M V, Dries N. Talent-innate or acquired? Theoretical considerations and their implications for talent management[J]. Human Resource Management Review, 2013, 23(4): 305-321., articleTitle=Talent-innate or acquired? Theoretical considerations and their implications for talent management, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695288920781043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=31, issue=4, pageStart=562, pageEnd=588, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Meyers M C, van Woerkom M, Paauwe J, journalName=International Journal of Human Resource Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meyers M C, van Woerkom M, Paauwe J, et al. HR Managers’ talent philosophies: Prevalence and relationships with perceived talent management practices[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020, 31(4): 562-588., articleTitle=HR Managers’ talent philosophies: Prevalence and relationships with perceived talent management practices, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695289063387380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=50, issue=4, pageStart=421, pageEnd=438, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Wiblen S, Dery K, Grant D, journalName=Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wiblen S, Dery K, Grant D. Do you see what I see? The role of technology in talent identification[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 2012, 50(4): 421-438., articleTitle=Do you see what I see? The role of technology in talent identification, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695290774663413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Kwon K, Jang S, journalName=Employee Relations, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kwon K, Jang S. There is no good war for talent: A critical review of the literature on talent management[J]. Employee Relations, 2021, ahead-of-print., articleTitle=There is no good war for talent: A critical review of the literature on talent management, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695290879521014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=23, issue=4, pageStart=329, pageEnd=345, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Marescaux E, De Winne S, Sels L, journalName=Human Resource Management Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Marescaux E, De Winne S, Sels L. HR practices and affective organisational commitment: (When) does HR differentiation pay off?[J]. Human Resource Management Journal, 2013, 23(4): 329-345., articleTitle=HR practices and affective organisational commitment: (When) does HR differentiation pay off?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695290946629879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=15, issue=3, pageStart=273, pageEnd=285, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Beechler S, Woodward I C, journalName=Journal of International Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Beechler S, Woodward I C. The global “war for talent”[J]. Journal of International Management, 2009, 15(3): 273-285., articleTitle=The global “war for talent”, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291026321656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=60, issue=4, pageStart=495, pageEnd=505, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Makarius E, Srinivasan M, journalName=Business Horizons, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Makarius E, Srinivasan M. Addressing skills mismatch: Utilizing talent supply chain management to enhance collaboration between companies and talent suppliers[J]. Business Horizons, 2017, 60(4): 495-505., articleTitle=Addressing skills mismatch: Utilizing talent supply chain management to enhance collaboration between companies and talent suppliers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291093430521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=146, issue=null, pageStart=103752, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Oberländer M, Beinicke A, Bipp T, journalName=Computers & Education, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Oberländer M, Beinicke A, Bipp T. Digital competencies: A review of the literature and applications in the workplace[J]. Computers & Education, 2020, 146: 103752., articleTitle=Digital competencies: A review of the literature and applications in the workplace, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291173122298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=45, pageEnd=65, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Weinert F, Domunique S R, journalName=Göttingen: Hogerfe & Huber, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Weinert F. Concept of competence: A conceptual clarification[A]. Domunique S R,Laura H S. Defining and Selecting Key Competencies[C]. Göttingen: Hogerfe & Huber, 2001: 45-65., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291240231163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=103, issue=4, pageStart=663, pageEnd=688, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Schwartz S H, Cieciuch J, Vecchione M, journalName=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schwartz S H, Cieciuch J, Vecchione M, et al. Refining the theory of basic individual values[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012, 103(4): 663-688., articleTitle=Refining the theory of basic individual values, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291332505852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=6, pageStart=36, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=30, authorNames=盛昭瀚, 于景元, journalName=管理世界, refType=null, unstructuredReference=盛昭瀚, 于景元. 复杂系统管理:一个具有中国特色的管理学新领域[J]. 管理世界, 2021, 37(6): 36-50,2., articleTitle=复杂系统管理:一个具有中国特色的管理学新领域, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291420586237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=6, pageStart=36, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Sheng Z H, Yu J Y, journalName=Journal of Management World, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sheng Z H, Yu J Y. Complex systems management: An emerging management science with Chinese characteristics[J]. Journal of Management World, 2021, 37(6): 36-50,2., articleTitle=Complex systems management: An emerging management science with Chinese characteristics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291517055230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=23, issue=3, pageStart=721, pageEnd=734, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Murawski M, Bick M, journalName=Business Process Management Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Murawski M, Bick M. Digital competences of the workforce-A research topic?[J]. Business Process Management Journal, 2017, 23(3): 721-734., articleTitle=Digital competences of the workforce-A research topic?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291630301439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=63, issue=1, pageStart=141, pageEnd=157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Jooss S, Collings D G G, McMackin J, journalName=Human Resource Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jooss S, Collings D G G, McMackin J, et al. A skills-matching perspective on talent management: Developing strategic agility[J]. Human Resource Management, 2023, 63(1):141-157., articleTitle=A skills-matching perspective on talent management: Developing strategic agility, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1316695291747741952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=33, issue=null, pageStart=143, pageEnd=160, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Luthans F, Youssef C M, journalName=Organizational Dynamics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Luthans F, Youssef C M. Human, social, and now positive psychological capital management: Investing in people for competitive advantage[J]. Organizational Dynamics, 2004, 33: 143-160., articleTitle=Human, social, and now positive psychological capital management: Investing in people for competitive advantage, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1316695286941069533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, awardId=23ZDA065, language=CN, fundingSource=国家社会科学基金重大项目(23ZDA065), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282855817401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282864206010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282872594619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006)]), AuthorCompany(id=1316695282960675004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282969063613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282973257918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1316695284684533975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Strategic talent competency combination, figureFileSmall=QYdTjkS/NbYyH8rxSkjEtA==, figureFileBig=W/ttRrEMBdl8wmAGkf+ZTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1316695286374838488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, label=图1, caption=战略人才力量素养结构, figureFileSmall=QYdTjkS/NbYyH8rxSkjEtA==, figureFileBig=W/ttRrEMBdl8wmAGkf+ZTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1316695286634885337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Growth spectrum of strategic scientists, figureFileSmall=Rs5olOGuDke3c8JIc65xbA==, figureFileBig=vDT1nS4jc5kJGVKejfzFvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1316695286701994202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, label=图2, caption=战略科学家素养结构的演化谱线图, figureFileSmall=Rs5olOGuDke3c8JIc65xbA==, figureFileBig=vDT1nS4jc5kJGVKejfzFvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1316695286764908763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Growth spectrum of excellent engineers, figureFileSmall=07psLUrSkd9U6cCqr+KqUA==, figureFileBig=tfpY0j98UpNZ9eJ5vd/RtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1316695286848794844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, language=CN, label=图3, caption=卓越工程师素养结构的演化谱线图, figureFileSmall=07psLUrSkd9U6cCqr+KqUA==, figureFileBig=tfpY0j98UpNZ9eJ5vd/RtQ==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1308396458388586594, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学学研究, nameEn=Studies in Science of Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-2053, eissn=null, cn=11-1805/G3, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Studies in Science of Science, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1789875624512, updatedTime=1789876606404, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Multidisciplinary, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Multidisciplinary, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, picEn=XwgD5UmFTEVSmdnCgvlDZQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1308400576836957147, language=CN, name=科学学研究, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789876606425, updatedTime=1789876606425, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1308400576883094492, language=EN, name=Studies in Science of Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789876606436, updatedTime=1789876606436, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1308397381743640680, websiteList=[Website(id=1308429426446848915, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1308397381743640680, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1789883484708, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1789902368384, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学学研究-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学学研究, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1308508734821851572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1789902393298, updateTime=1789902393298, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734784102833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1789902393289, updateTime=1789902393289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734872183223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393310, updateTime=1789902393310, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734771519920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/file/pic?fileId=DFYjiBGwM+7bU4q3P0DayQ==, createTime=1789902393286, updateTime=1789902393286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734888960441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393314, updateTime=1789902393314, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734809268659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1789902393295, updateTime=1789902393295, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734880571832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393312, updateTime=1789902393312, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734796685746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1789902393292, updateTime=1789902393292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734834434485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1789902393301, updateTime=1789902393301, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734851211702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1789902393305, updateTime=1789902393305, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1308429426513957785, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1308397381743640680, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1789883484724, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1789902358215, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学学研究-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Studies in Science of Science, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1308508708242547113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1789902386961, updateTime=1789902386961, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708213186981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1789902386954, updateTime=1789902386954, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708267712940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386967, updateTime=1789902386967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708200604068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/file/pic?fileId=DFYjiBGwM+7bU4q3P0DayQ==, createTime=1789902386951, updateTime=1789902386951, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708280295854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386970, updateTime=1789902386970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708229964199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1789902386959, updateTime=1789902386959, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708271907245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386968, updateTime=1789902386968, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708217381286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1789902386955, updateTime=1789902386955, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708246741418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1789902386962, updateTime=1789902386962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708259324331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1789902386965, updateTime=1789902386965, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学学研究, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/kxxyj, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Studies in Science of Science, journalPhotoCn=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, journalPhotoEn=XwgD5UmFTEVSmdnCgvlDZQ==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/Y2026/V44/I1/108, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/Y2026/V44/I1/108, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I1/108, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I1/108, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1768406400000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
战略人才力量的多重素养结构及其演化机制
收藏切换
PDF下载
高中华 1 , 林晨 2 , 赵晨 2
科学学研究 | 理论与方法 2026,44(1): 108-118
收起
收藏切换
科学学研究 |理论与方法 2026 , 44 (1) : 108 -118
战略人才力量的多重素养结构及其演化机制
全屏
[Author(id=1316695283069726912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283174584514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283069726912, language=EN, stringName=Zhong-hua GAO, firstName=Zhong-hua, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283250081987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283069726912, language=CN, stringName=高中华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006, bio={"content":"

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282855817401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282864206010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282872594619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282855817401, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006)])]), Author(id=1316695283312996549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lauterate@foxmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283401076935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283312996549, language=EN, stringName=Chen LIN, firstName=Chen, middleName=null, lastName=LIN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283472380104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283312996549, language=CN, stringName=林晨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282960675004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282969063613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282973257918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876)])]), Author(id=1316695283543683274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283619180748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283543683274, language=EN, stringName=Chen ZHAO, firstName=Chen, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1316695283686289613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, authorId=1316695283543683274, language=CN, stringName=赵晨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876, bio={"content":"

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1316695282960675004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282969063613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1316695282973257918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1316695279563288751, companyId=1316695282960675004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876)])])]
高中华1, 林晨2 , 赵晨2
作者信息
  • 1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006
  • 2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876
通讯作者:
林晨(1999-),男,博士研究生, E-mail:。
作者简介:

高中华(1984-),女,教授,博士。

赵晨(1983-),男,教授,博士。

The competency configuration and growth path of strategic talent
Zhong-hua GAO1, Chen LIN2 , Chen ZHAO2
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006, China
  • 2 School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
出版时间: 2026-01-15
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起

建设国家战略人才力量是我国现代化建设的重中之重,然而战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化规律尚有待揭示。本文在厘清人才素养核心特征的基础上,以某央企国资企业的34名拔尖专家为访谈对象,刻画战略科学家和卓越工程师这两类战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化机制。研究发现:(1)战略科学家具备求真科学品质、崇高科学使命、战略科学家定位、超前理论见解、杰出探索能力等服务于科学发现和理论创新的素养;卓越工程师具备务实工程品质、远大工程目标、卓越工程师定位、前瞻工程见解、精湛实践能力等服务于工程实践和产业建设的素养;(2)战略人才力量的素养结构为特质、动机、自我概念、知识及技能5种要素的有机组合,其发展均经历了包括启蒙阶段、教育阶段、职业起步、职业发展和职业涌现5个核心阶段的演化过程;(3)这两类战略人才力量的素养结构的同构性和异构性导致其演化机制同时存在趋同性和差异性;且素养发展呈前后衔接的连续性,以及多重素养要素并行发展的共时性。研究从人才素养视角解析战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化机制,为培育战略人才力量提供实践启示。

战略人才力量  /  素养结构  /  卓越工程师  /  战略科学家  /  演化机制

As the primary resource, talents, especially the strategic talent force, play an increasingly prominent supporting role in enterprise innovation activities. However, despite the remarkable progress made in the construction of talent teams across various industries, the cultivation and utilization of the strategic talent force are still in the long - term exploratory stage. A large number of enterprises still have no understanding of the overall picture of the strategic talent force and lack systematic theoretical guidance on how to cultivate relevant talents. Regrettably, the current theoretical research on the competency structure and development laws of the strategic talent force is still in its infancy. Existing studies have carried out some exploratory work on deconstructing the competency structure of the strategic talent force, but their focus has been on describing the morphological characteristics of talent competency elements. Questions such as what differences exist in the competency structures of different types of strategic talent forces and what development trajectories the elements in a specific competency structure follow still remain to be answered. Therefore, this study, on the basis of clarifying the competency configurations of two types of strategic talents, strategic scientists and outstanding engineers, maps the evolution of their competencies with individual growth, thus providing new insights for cultivating competencies required for strategic talents.

We conducted semi-structured interviews with 34 top experts from a central state-owned enterprise. These interviews required respondents to recall 1-3 behavioral events of themselves or high-level talents around them in the process of achieving significant accomplishments, solving major problems, leading major projects, as well as 1-3 typical experiences of their own growth and participation in talent cultivation. Subsequently, adopting the programmatic grounded theory, we refined the typical competencies of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers, and the processes and mechanisms of the competencies’ formation.

The study finds that: (1) Strategic scientists possess competencies such as a commitment to scientific truth, a noble scientific mission, a strategic scientist identity, advanced theoretical insights, and exceptional exploration abilities; outstanding engineers possess competencies such as practical engineering qualities, ambitious engineering goals, an outstanding engineer identity, forward-looking engineering insights, and excellent practical skills. The competency configurations of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers exhibit heterogeneity, with the former serving scientific discovery and theoretical innovation, while the latter serves engineering practice and industrial development; (2) The evolution of the competency configurations of strategic scientists and outstanding engineers includes five core stages: enlightenment, education, career initiation, career development, and career emergence. (3) The differences in the competency configurations lead to varying key factors and pathways in their corresponding evolutionary contexts. Moreover, the development of competencies demonstrates dynamic characteristics of sequential integration and presents an evolutionary form of multiple parallel pathways.

The theoretical contributions of this study can be summarized in three aspects: First, unlike previous studies that focused on depicting the profile of a single type of strategic talents, this study deconstructs and contrasts the competency configurations of scientists and engineers, by considering the context distinction of talents. Second, differing from studies on talent development, this study goes beyond merely observing the individual development of strategic talents and, by considering the dynamic characteristics of competencies, delves deeply into the underlying trajectory of competency evolution. Third, in terms of theory, this paper combines the longitudinal perspective of career theory with the lateral perspective of competency theory, fostering dialogue between these two talent-focused theories.

strategic talent  /  talent competency configuration  /  outstanding engineer  /  strategic scientist
高中华, 林晨, 赵晨. 战略人才力量的多重素养结构及其演化机制. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (1) : 108 -118 .
Zhong-hua GAO, Chen LIN, Chen ZHAO. The competency configuration and growth path of strategic talent[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (1) : 108 -118 .
正文
收起
党的二十届三中全会强调,要加快建设国家战略人才力量,着力培养造就战略科学家、一流科技领军人才和创新团队,着力培养造就卓越工程师、大国工匠、高技能人才,提高各类人才素质。新时代以来,我国企业的科技创新主体地位不断加强,人才作为第一资源,战略人才力量在企业创新活动中的支撑作用愈发突显[1]。然而,各行业领域的人才队伍建设取得长足进步的背后,战略人才力量的培养使用仍长期处于探索阶段。大量企业仍未了解战略人才力量的群体面貌,对如何培养相关人才缺乏系统性的理论指导。但遗憾的是,现阶段理论界关于战略人才力量的素养结构及其发展规律的研究尚处起步[2]。已有研究就解构战略人才力量的素养结构做了部分探索性工作[3],但其焦点侧重于描述人才素养要素的形态特征,对于不同类型战略人才力量的素养结构存在何种差异,以及在特定素养结构中各要素呈现何种发展脉络等问题仍有待回答。
已有文献对战略人才力量的定义不尽相同但彼此互通,即在创新能力、科学功底、领导能力、战略眼光等方面具备非凡实力,能结合国家战略对国家安全和经济社会发展产生重大、长远、全局性影响的人才[3,4]。基于对战略人才力量的基本认识,学者就该群体的素养结构展开广泛探讨,包括能力特征、专业素质[5]等外显特征以及角色定位和动机[3,6]等“冰山以下”的内隐特征。这些研究为理解战略人才力量的素养结构提供了有益启示,但仍有局限:一是战略人才力量作为多元群体的集合概念[4],已有研究通常仅剖析单类人才的素养结构,缺少就不同类型人才间差异化的辨析。二是已有研究侧重揭示人才的素养结构,但鲜有研究就这类素养随个体成长的动态过程展开探讨。正如“钱学森之问”认为拔尖人才是“冒”出来的,战略人才力量的素养发展蕴含自然生长的成长规律[7],受个体自身特质及外部环境的综合影响[8,9]。而战略人才力量的各类素养在哪些成长阶段以何种形态涌现、如何演化等问题仍有待解答。
据此,本文以如何更有效培养造就战略人才力量为立意,以人才素养的整体结构及其构成要素为切入点,聚焦探明不同战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化脉络的科学问题。具体而言,基于对34名战略型人才的半结构化访谈,结合胜任特征模型[3,10],明晰战略科学家、卓越工程师两类典型战略人才力量的素养结构;接着,从生涯发展视角[11],刻画战略人才力量素养结构的演化路径。研究结论将有助于探明战略人才力量的素养结构及其时序演化,为不同类型战略人才力量的素养发展提供精准指导。
1 理论基础
收起
1.1 人才素养的核心特征及其研究述评
当前理论界对人才素养的看法大致可总结为三类[12-14]:一是侧重结果,主要关注对企业运营和战略结果有积极影响的个体特征;二是侧重个体的胜任力,主要关注对运营流程、战略方向和组织绩效至关重要的技能和能力;三是侧重职能情境,主要关注人才在特定职能上发挥价值的能力或素质[1]。其中,胜任力和职能情境视角被应用较多且能为探究人才素养提供良好解释。前者强调人才有别于一般劳动力的关键素养[12],而后者则侧重将人才的专业素养与岗位有效对接。本文通过总结既有文献对人才素养的探讨[12,15,16],认为人才素养具有组合性、情境性、动态性三方面核心特征:
一是组合性,该特征延续自人才是特定技能、能力或其他素养要素的集合这一观点[16]。既有文献中,众多学者尝试基于还原论的哲学理念解构人才素养,形成诸如KSAOs理论、胜任特征模型等理论框架[10,21]。但无论何种理论框架,都表明人才素养结构不是对素养要素的简单拼凑,而是由相辅相成的素养要素有机组合形成的结构。从最基础的特质、动机和价值观等底层素养衍生出职业定位、态度信念等自我概念,再进一步指导形成知识、技能等外显素养[10],人才素养具有由里到外、深入浅出的系统构型,其中每种要素都发挥独特的结构功能。
二是情境性,即要求人才素养嵌入特定的职能情境并形成独特价值[10]。既有研究强调知识型员工、技术专家等高技能个体能对企业的战略优势产生重要影响[16],且发现人才的核心价值源自他们的专业能力[12]。但越来越多的证据表明具有高水平技能或能力的人才不一定带来预期价值[17,18],尤其在缺少适合施展才华的环境和配套制度时,往往难以适应组织目标[19]。因此,技能和能力本身不产生高绩效,只有当素养落实到具体岗位才能产生价值[20]。不同职能情境要求个体具备不同的素养结构,并与价值创造的各环节相联系。
三是动态性,即人才素养具备发展迭代的性质。认知发展理论将人才素养的发展过程描述为,个体为适应环境挑战而有组织地推动知识、技能、能力及个体特质的建构和发展[22]。结合生涯发展理论对个体生涯五阶段的解释[11],人才素养是可发展的,可能经历启蒙阶段、教育阶段、职业起步、职业发展、职业涌现等关键时间节点,每个阶段个体受到的环境刺激不同,从而为适应环境形成不同的素养,且早期形成的人格、价值观等素养可能支撑后续素养的发生[23]。
上述特征充分反映系统的还原论和整体论[24],决定人才素养是一种承载于特定个体从而解决特定问题的复杂系统:首先,人才素养的组合性反映其可由整体往下分解的还原论特征[10],可针对特定用人问题解构和抽离具有优势的素养要素。与此同时,由这些素养要素构成的整体素养结构能产生局部要素难以预测的影响[25],而人才素养的情境性进一步决定其影响机制并非将问题与情境孤立[26],反映人才素养的整体论特征。此外,人才素养的动态性说明其具有随个体发展,由相对片面、松散的素养要素逐步逼近完备、整体的素养结构的演化过程,反映了既有研究关于还原论与整体论辩证统一的阐释[24]。这些性质要求从还原论与整体论结合的视角揭示人才素养的系统特性,同时从动态发展视角深刻揭示特定人才的素养结构如何伴随其成长而不断发展演化,遵守何种规律。
1.2 战略人才力量素养结构的研究评述
培育战略人才力量的关键在于发展其引领有组织、大规模的关键核心技术攻关以及重大工程突破所需的素养。这要求将胜任力和职能情境视角结合,将战略人才力量的素养结构视为能满足国家战略需求,通过与关键岗位结合发挥战略价值的一系列素养要素的有机组合。已有文献主要从胜任特征模型[10]、心理资本理论[27]等视角就战略人才力量的素养结构进行解析。如,有研究从知识、能力、角色定位和动机等层面刻画了战略人才力量的素养结构[3];还有研究关注人才的心理资本,提炼出使命感、自信、专注、韧性和自我超越等有助于战略性科技创新的内在要素[6]。基于对战略人才力量素养结构的理解,已有研究还针对人才评价体系和培养路径等展开一系列探讨[5]。所得结论大多能有效回应人才素养的组合性特征,但就其情境性和动态性的关注仍存在不足:
一方面就情境性而言,多数研究尝试用单种特征集合解释战略人才力量的素养结构,较少关注面向不同情境的人才类型间的差异。已有研究将具备战略性影响力的科学家和工程师作为战略人才力量的典型代表[4]。其中战略科学家主要侧重前端的前沿科技和关键核心技术研发,而卓越工程师则聚焦后端的科技工程化应用。两者既有相似之处,但聚焦创新链的不同环节的不同职能。因此,两者素养结构可能存在差异。另一方面就动态性而言,已有研究所提炼的素养结构与人才的培养路径的结合有待深化。已有结论虽有助于理解战略人才力量的素养面貌,然而这些关键性素养在不同成长阶段具备何种形态并且如何产生、演化等动态机制仍有待揭晓。因此,探究战略人才力量的素养结构不能止于其应具备哪些素养的组合性,还应兼顾不同人才素养结构不同的情境性和素养发展的动态性,从而为不同人才提供针对性的培养策略。
为此,本文结合人才素养的组合性、情境性和动态性探究战略人才力量的素养结构及其发展路径:一是从组合性出发,结合研究中应用较广的胜任特征理论[3,10],提炼战略人才力量素养结构中的关键要素;二是从情境性出发,以战略科学家和卓越工程师两类在职能情境上存在显著差异的代表性战略人才力量为研究对象[4],探究和对比不同类型战略人才力量素养结构上的异同之处;三是从动态性出发,力图刻画人才素养结构在不同阶段的形态特征和关系逻辑,析出特定战略人才力量素养结构演进的时间谱线及其驱动因素。
2 研究设计
收起
2.1 研究对象与数据
本文访谈对象来自某中央直管国有企业,结合战略人才力量的基本定义[3,4],所选样本在创新能力、科学功底、领导能力、战略眼光等方面具备杰出表现,具体如下:一是在创新能力和科学功底方面,要求受访对象具有卓越的创新成果,例如国家科学技术进步奖等;二是在领导能力方面,要求受访对象在所在单位担当科研的领导职能,如担任科研中心主任、重大项目负责人等;三是在战略眼光方面,要求受访对象不仅具备15年以上从事技术和工程研发的工作经验,且在所在单位具备卓越贡献,如获集团公司首席科学家、首席工程师、海外高层次人才等人才称号。最终与集团公司的34名拔尖人才取得联系并展开访谈。其中,战略科学家共18人,其中首席科学家6人、首席专家9人、海外高层次人才3人;杰出工程师共16人,其中中国工程院院士1人、首席工程师5人、卓越工程师10人。
采用半结构化访谈收集资料:首先,访谈前预先围绕“战略人才力量的素养有哪些”“这些素养如何形成”两方面问题编制访谈提纲。一是要求受访者回忆在取得突出成就、攻克重大难题、带领重大项目等过程中的1-3件行为事件,介绍其所处情境、成功原因、素养品质、能力优势等;二是要求受访者回忆自身成长以及参与人才培养的1-3段典型经历,阐述战略人才力量素养的形成过程。每位受访对象的访谈时间约为50-90分钟。
2.2 数据分析与编码策略
通过程序化扎根理论分析访谈资料:(1)开放式编码,针对战略人才力量的素养结构及其演化过程,以开放探索为原则找出关键语句并打标签;并将反映相似内容的条目聚合为一类,形成一阶概念。(2)轴心式编码,进一步具象化理论类属,把一阶概念聚合成相对集中、连贯的二阶主题。(3)选择式编码,研究团队回归理论,基于人才素养的组合性,引入胜任特征模型[10],从特质、动机、自我概念、知识和能力对比和修正战略人才力量素养结构的编码;基于人才素养的动态性,结合生涯发展理论[11],从启蒙阶段、教育阶段以及职业起步、发展和涌现等阶段,对比和修正战略人才力量素养发展的编码。通过理论与编码的对比和调整,形成理论框架。
为保障信效度,编码由两名研究者独立完成,每个阶段编码后双方相互校对;另有一名研究者负责审查编码的问题并推动各方在讨论中达成共识。最后,研究团队将分析结果与企业人事部门主管沟通、确认,形成图1的战略人才力量素养结构的编码。
3 战略人才力量的素养结构
收起
3.1 战略科学家的素养结构
针对战略科学家素养结构的编码,形成求真科学品质、崇高科学使命、战略科学家定位、超前理论见解、杰出探索能力五类聚合构念。
(1)求真科学品质是支撑战略科学家持续探索、逼近科学真理的特质和价值观,包括四方面:一是探索精神,包括在科研活动中探索未知、敢于承担失败的冒险精神以及终身学习的求知精神;二是科学品质,包括求是精神和开明包容两部分,前者指向诚实守信的科研态度,后者侧重科学家探索新事物的开放性;三是探索毅力指长期探索科学问题的深耕精神和对科研攻坚的热情和勇气,正如一位首席科学家介绍,战略科学家群体中有很多人对特定领域研究了一辈子;四是责任担当,包括把推动国家科学事业和为社会创造福祉作为己任,以及推动科学进步、范式发展和学术共同体繁荣的责任感。
(2)崇高科学使命指驱动战略科学家从事重大科研的动机。一是推动国家科学发展包括解答国家在关键技术领域的难题以及赋能国家战略发展。一位海外高层次人才强调,“战略科学家都有把国家发展起来的愿望,很多人一天十几个小时钻研就是为了用科学给国家做一些贡献”。二是创造重大科学贡献,通过探索发现新的现象规律、提出新理论,不断挑战现有范式并推动科学理论发展。
(3)战略科学家定位是指科学家对自身作为科学研究引领者、重大项目谋划者、科研团队核心以及国家战略决策智库等身份烙印的自我认知。这种自我概念不仅包括对学科发展的使命感,正如一位首席科学家阐述,“我在国企做事,那就是给国家做事,本身就存在价值认同”,还包括对团队、组织的认同感。
(4)超前理论见解是指战略科学家在理论研究和实验探索中前瞻性、创新性、系统性的理论知识体系。一是前瞻科学战略视野,包括对理论成体系、国际化的学科战略视野,推测未来学科发展的理论前瞻视野以及精准把握最迫切、最具价值科学问题的认知能力。二是渊博专业知识,包括对本领域和对跨学科领域的显性知识以及在长期研究探索中形成的重大科研经验等隐性知识。
(5)杰出探索能力是战略科学家在复杂环境中有序管理、规划和执行科研项目并推动科研成果转移转化的能力,包括推动团队协作、组织管理、资源整合和跨组织合作的科研管理能力,确定战略目标、明确技术路线和规划科技项目的科研规划能力,将实践现象或问题理论化、实现理论创新、跨领域整合理论并切实推进科研计划的科研执行能力,以及将技术转化为实践应用的科学转化能力。正如一位首席专家所说,“酒香也怕巷子深,技术要投入大规模应用,那要对市场前景有基本的理解”,战略科学家不局限在学术共同体的对话范畴内,需对市场具备充分理解,将研究成果转化为经济价值。
3.2 卓越工程师的素养结构
基于卓越工程师素养结构的编码,总结出务实工程品质、远大工程目标、卓越工程师定位、前瞻工程见解、精湛实践能力五类聚合构念。
(1)务实工程品质是指有利于卓越工程师开展工程实践的综合特质和价值观。一是实干精神,包括推动技术落地、创造实质产出的务实精神,长期专注于解决工程复杂问题的潜心钻研精神以及在实践中不断获取知识经验的干中学意识。二是实践毅力,包括在长周期、不确定性强的重大工程中笃定执着的长期作战精神,在艰苦工程环境中吃苦耐劳的品质以及在枯燥、艰辛的工程建设中仍对工程具备超常的热情。三是责任担当,相比科学研究,工程实践对社会公众的安全和福祉造成更直接影响,要求卓越工程师具有对国家、社会、产业建设、组织建设、工程项目等多个层面的责任担当。
(2)远大工程目标是驱动卓越工程师长期坚守工程实践的主要驱动力,包括三方面:一是完善产业制度建设,正如一位首席工程师介绍,“工程师应当要结合国家需求和技术层面,依托研究项目给国家提出重要的政策建议”,卓越工程师是产业发展和国家战略的重要桥接,具有为产业制度建设建言献策的职责。二是攻克重大工程难题,访谈中多数工程师将攻克重大工程难题视为自身使命,这驱动他们积极承担重大项目,依托自身专业优势来创造独特价值。三是解答产业实践困难,一位首席工程师介绍,“无论是合作还是项目攻关,我永远坚持面向产业应用的问题导向和结果导向”,工程师的职业性质促使他们聚焦工程实践思考问题,并提供切实满足产业诉求的方案对策。
(3)卓越工程师定位指向工程师的自我概念,象征对作为工程师高标准、高要求的工程职业烙印,维系工程师的角色使命感、产业使命感和组织认同感。正如一位工程师强调,这种身份烙印激励他们不轻易改变职业生涯的发展路线,长期坚守在各自的工作岗位、专业领域和组织单位,并发挥超常的领导力和影响力。
(4)前瞻工程见解是指卓越工程师在判断未来技术趋势、组织工程实践等过程中所需具备的知识体系和信息视野。一是卓越工程战略视野,即工程师在工程实践和技术决策中表现出的宏大视角跨度和长远战略远见。这要求不仅对宏观的国家和产业战略具备深刻理解和前瞻认知,还要对工程实践中的基层治理和市场需求具备全面了解。正如多位工程师所强调的,要“从需求场景出发”“在基层中发现问题、解决问题并且实现创新”。二是深厚工程知识经验,要求卓越工程师不仅具备本领域和跨领域的显性知识,还要在长期工程实践中积累解决复杂问题的隐性经验,正如一位首席工程师强调,“我们工程师和医生一样,往往年纪越大经验越丰富”。
(5)精湛实践能力是指在工程实践中规划、管理和执行工程项目的综合能力。其中,工程规划能力包括工程队伍建设、技术路线选择和方案决策的工程战略规划能力,以及工程师依托深耕产业实践的深厚经验,用以辅助国家战略部署和产业现代化发展的政策建言能力。工程管理能力是指能够有序管理、协调重大工程项目各环节主体和要素资源的领导能力,包含团队协作能力、业界号召能力、组织管理能力、资源整合能力和跨组织合作能力等诸多能力。工程执行能力则是指工程师在项目实践中适应多元化动态化情境、解决复杂工程问题、整合跨领域技术以及推动技术落地和根据工程需求创新的一系列专业能力。
3.3 典型战略人才力量素养结构的对比分析
本文通过分析战略科学家和卓越工程师两类典型的战略人才力量,在明确两者素养结构基础上试图廓清两者的同构性和异构性。
在同构性上:在特质和动机层面,两者均要求具备家国情怀、社会责任感等责任担当以及长期坚持科研或工程项目的毅力,且推动国家在相关领域的综合实力的发展在两者的工作动机中占据重要地位;在自我概念层面,两者均具备强烈的角色使命感和组织认同感,拥有清晰、明确的职业价值认同;在知识和技能层面,两者均具有前瞻开阔的战略视野和深厚的专业知识和跨学科能力,在项目管理、执行和规划方面具备突出的组织领导能力。
在异构性上:在特质和动机层面,战略科学家具备开放、求是的科学品质和敢于冒险、求知的探索精神,以科学进步和理论发展作为责任义务,以创造重大科学贡献作为驱动力;而卓越工程师呈现务实的实干精神以及吃苦耐劳的实践毅力,相比战略科学家,更注重产业、组织和工程建设的责任担当,以完善产业制度、解决实践问题和工程难题为驱动力。在自我概念层面,战略科学家关注自身在学科共同体建设中的角色和使命感,而卓越工程师较少参与学科共同体建设,注重自身在产业发展的责任定位。在知识和技能层面,战略科学家和卓越工程师的差异在于两者的专业能力所服务的对象不同,分别侧重实验探索和实践发展。战略科学家侧重对科学发展和理论脉络的理解,注重研究成果的理论价值,其专业知识面向实验研究和理论建构,具备推进科研项目、解决理论和科学问题、促进科技成果转化等能力;相比之下,卓越工程师侧重对国家战略和产业部署的理解,注重实践成果的社会效益,其专业知识面向工程实践,具备解决复杂问题、适应复杂情境、促进技术创新应用和为产业发展献计献策等能力。
4 战略人才力量素养结构的多阶段演化机制
收起
结合生涯发展理论,战略科学家和卓越工程师两类战略人才力量的素养结构的演化均可概括为启蒙阶段、教育阶段、职业起步、职业发展、职业涌现五个阶段。将各阶段内涵相近、存在理论联系的概念相互对应、联系,分别得到战略科学家和卓越工程师的素养结构各阶段的成长谱线图,如图2和图3。在此基础上揭示这些素养要素如何从整体上促进战略人才力量的成长。
4.1 战略科学家素养结构的多阶段演化机制
(1)职业特质。一是探索精神,战略科学家的成长环境促使他们从小对科学知识形成强烈的求知欲和好奇心,这种基础价值观在职场生涯中延续,并塑造其探索精神。二是科学品质,正如一位首席专家提到,“我在日本读书时并没有想做科学家,但后来在和游效曾院士共事时被他对科学的认真态度吸引,产生了兴趣”,在教育经历和榜样引领的作用下,个体的科研兴趣转化为具象的科学情怀和精神,并在其工作后衍生出实事求是、开放包容的科学品质。三是探索毅力,由启蒙阶段塑造的专注力和职业发展阶段形成的心理韧性共同发展而来。一位首席科学家提到,“我在科研方面确实有一定的天赋,就是我从小愿意琢磨这个事情,经常非常执着地解一道题”,随后他在介绍自己带领的全国重点实验室时强调,这种专注精神支撑他十年如一日地在煤炭矿井中勘查。四是责任担当,随着科学家在组织激励和领导指引下形成对科研生涯的热情和目标,其家国情怀和科学理想逐渐转化为对国家、社会和学科发展的责任意识。
(2)职业动机。一是推动国家科技发展的动机,一方面源自早期形成的家国情怀;另一方面,参与工作后的组织激励和领导对职业生涯的指引有助于激活科学家的科研热情,在家国情怀的共同影响下,科学家走上科研报国的道路。二是创造重大科学贡献的动机,主要源自科学理想及后续的科研热情和职业生涯目标。多位受访者提到,组织激励和领导指引在其职业起步阶段发挥重要作用,这促使其将科学理想和职业生涯关联,涌现出创造重大科学贡献的动机。
(3)职业自我概念。首先在教育阶段,良好的学科前景引导个体选择了特定专业领域,为后续发展职业身份奠定基础。接着,个体参加工作后科研实践和领导的指引进一步明确个体的能力特长和角色定位。最后,科学家在职业发展阶段基于自身能力特长明确了专精的工作领域,形成一套成熟的对组织、学科和自身角色的定位认知。
(4)知识体系。对于科学战略视野,教育阶段的出国深造拓宽了个体对学科的国际视野,而求学过程也塑造了个体对学科整体面貌的基本认知。这些基本认知在职业发展阶段的科研历练中逐渐形成前瞻性的科学战略视野。对于专业知识的积累,战略科学家以早期形成的学习能力和智力天赋为基础,一方面在教育阶段充分掌握了本领域和跨领域的专业知识;另一方面,在职业发展阶段的科研历练中积累经验,最终形成较为完善的知识体系。
(5)技能体系。一是科研管理能力,发展于个体小有所成并开始带领团队的阶段。一位首席科学家在介绍团队时说,“一个博士在干了五六年后,如果表现优秀,我会给他当科室的负责人,让他带领十来个人的团队完成项目”,该时期科学家经过项目历练,有助于在职业后期涌现大兵团领导能力。二是科研执行能力,教育阶段扎实的科研基础以及职业起步阶段的领导指引、组织激励和科研实践,使个体在后续职业发展中展现出执行重大项目的能力。三是科研规划能力,主要演化自科学家在长期科研中形成的关于科学项目的技术路线、研究目标、实验方案的学科见解和判断学科未来走势的经验积累。
4.2 卓越工程师素养结构的多阶段演化机制
(1)职业特质。首先,实干精神起源于启蒙阶段的务实精神,后续在教育阶段的工程实践教育被进一步深化,并在职业起步阶段的基层历练中转化为工程师的吃苦精神。同时“大庆精神”“铁人精神”等组织文化进一步塑造了人才的实干精神。其次,实践毅力发展于启蒙阶段和职业发展阶段。一方面,正如一位专家在访谈中提到,“我当年读书的环境非常艰难,也使我从小就对艰苦的物质生活有适应能力”,成长环境历练了人才在艰难环境中的坚实毅力;另一方面,在职业发展阶段,人才经历大量项目,从而具备适应工程环境的心理韧性。最后,责任担当的演化分两阶段,一是启蒙阶段形成的家国情怀,部分专家提到其成长年代经历过战乱,从小养成了为国效力的抱负;二是职业发展阶段形成的集体责任感,一位工程师在访谈中强调,其在带领队伍时逐渐意识到要为下属的工作生活、职业发展等方面操心、负责,这类管理实践促使对组织和工程项目的责任感。
(2)职业动机。卓越工程师的职业动机演化脉络如下,一是家国情怀和后续职业发展阶段的集体责任感激发人才建设国家产业的动机;二是科学理想引导人才选择学习工程知识报效国家,即需要有特定的科学理想引导人才通过学习知识参与国家建设的人生走向。这类科学理想在后续职业生涯的组织激励和领导引导下发展成熟,形成推动国家产业发展的动机驱力。
(3)职业自我概念。首先,卓越工程师的自我概念主要发展于教育阶段,不少受访者表示其在教育阶段因当时产业对人才的需要选择了当前专业领域;接着,人才在接受教育和榜样引领下形成职业兴趣,正如一位工程师提到,他受导师在工程中严谨负责的工作态度影响,在后续的职业生涯中延续了导师的精神,兢兢业业地对待工程。教育阶段的职业认知在职业起步阶段受领导、组织和工程实践的影响形成明确的角色定位、岗位认同,并有助于人才发掘自身的能力特长。接着在职业发展阶段,能力特长稳固了工程师的职业生涯,形成职业烙印。
(4)知识体系。首先,深厚工程知识经验源自两方面,一是人才在教育阶段对本领域和跨领域知识的系统性学习;二是人才在职业发展阶段积累的工程经验,该阶段人才成为工程项目的核心角色,对工程实践的整体性、综合性的认知体系逐渐成型。其次,卓越工程师的战略视野往往与其教育阶段的留学深造经历和多年的从业经验相关。正如集团中国工程院院士提到,“当年我去澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的采矿学院和土木学院,把他们做了什么课题、有哪些困难给了解清楚”,这些深造经历赋予人才国际化视野,结合长期工程经验,形成战略远见。
(5)技能体系。一是工程执行能力,源自启蒙阶段的动手能力,后经历实践教育转化为专业的实践技能;在工作后,组织培养、工程实践和领导支持进一步推动专业能力成长,形成对问题的综合应对能力。二是工程规划能力,长期的从业经验形成人才对工程规划、判断并且就产业问题提出战略建言的能力,这些能力综合形成成熟的工程规划能力。三是工程管理能力,主要起源于职业发展阶段,该阶段人才充当团队核心,对团队的管理实践塑造了其管理能力并在后续职业涌现阶段转化为大兵团领导能力。
4.3 典型战略人才力量素养结构的演化规律
通过比较战略科学家与卓越工程师这两类战略人才力量的素养结构的演化发展,发现其中趋同性、差异性、连续性、共时性规律。(1)趋同性。战略科学家和卓越工程师同属战略人才力量,素养结构的同构性决定其演化路径的趋同性。两类战略人才力量均在启蒙阶段受环境影响形成家国情怀和科学理想,在教育阶段塑造知识体系和认知视野,并在职业起步、发展和涌现过程中逐步明确能力特长和身份烙印,形成战略性影响力。(2)差异性。战略科学家和卓越工程师人才素养的异构性导致成长过程的关键性因素不同。战略科学家的成长侧重对求知和敢于探索的科学精神、学科认知模式、科研知识经验的塑造,适应理论研究的需要;卓越工程师的成长侧重对务实、吃苦、实干等实践精神,动手实践能力、政策建言能力和工程知识经验的塑造,适应工程实践的需要。(3)连续性。战略人才力量的素养发展呈前后衔接的动态特征,即启蒙阶段的特质和价值观会影响后续教育阶段的自我概念和知识体系的塑造,进一步影响入职之后工作动机、职业身份认同和专业能力的发展。(4)共时性。战略人才力量的素养结构的演化属于特质、动机、自我概念、知识和能力等多重素养要素并行发展的过程,随个体发展逐渐趋近完整的素养结构。
5 研究结论与讨论
收起
从素养层面就战略科学家和卓越工程师两类典型的战略人才力量展开探究,所得结论如下:(1)战略科学家和卓越工程师具备清晰的素养结构。战略科学家包括求真科学品质、崇高科学使命、战略科学家定位、超前理论见解和杰出探索能力等面向理论研究的素养;卓越工程师包括务实工程品质、远大工程目标、卓越工程师定位、前瞻工程见解和精湛实践能力等与工程实践相适应的素养。(2)战略科学家和卓越工程师在责任担当、职业毅力、角色和组织认同感、战略视野、知识理解能力和领导能力等方面具有同构性;但两者有异构性,即战略科学家的各项素养服务于科学发现和理论创新,卓越工程师的各项素养服务于工程实践和产业建设。(3)战略人才力量的素养具有随成长演化的特征,且素养结构的同构性和异构性导致不同类型人才的演化机制同时存在趋同性和差异性;素养发展呈前后衔接的连续性,以及多重素养要素并行发展的共时性。
5.1 理论贡献
本文理论贡献可概括为三方面:一是有别于以往致力于刻画战略人才力量的群体面貌的理论研究,本文结合人才素养的情境性,解构和对比了科学家和工程师两个典型战略人才力量的素养结构。通过对比两类典型战略人才力量的同构性和异构性,一方面就不同类型人才的素养结构进行辨析,填补既往多数研究将战略人才力量打包为一个整体,通过单一的特征体系观察该复杂群体的片面性;另一方面,总结战略人才素养的同构性,有助于在动态变化的战略人才力量中[4],明晰多类型人才的核心基底。二是有别于既往对人才发展机制的研究,本文不止于观察战略人才个体的发展,而是结合人才素养的动态性特征,深入揭示个体发展背后其素养的演化脉络。通过廓清素养结构演化的趋同性、差异性、连续性、共时性规律,填补了既往研究对素养发展的纵向脉络缺少理解的缺憾。三是本文在理论方面将职业生涯理论的纵向视角和胜任特征理论的横向视角相结合,建构战略人才在哪些成长阶段应施加哪些刺激,从而形成哪些素养的横纵交错的素养发展体系。这不仅为理解战略人才力量的培养机制提供全面见解,同时发展了职业生涯和胜任特征两个聚焦人才的理论间的对话。
5.2 实践启示
本文结论能为企业培养造就战略人才力量形成如下指导:针对人才招聘和引进,企业可针对面向理论和科学研究的科研技术人员,以科学品质、学科认知、科研热情、实验技能等作为关键性内容,针对面向工程和产业实践的工程技术人员,以务实精神、行业视野、实训履历、工程实践技能、本领域和跨领域问题解决能力等作为关键性内容,进行多维度测量评价,实现对人才的精准筛选。针对人才培养,一方面要聚焦战略人才力量的同构性素养,就责任担当、职业毅力、战略视野、知识理解、领导能力以及角色和组织认同感等核心素养制定培养计划。另一方面,可基于战略科学家和卓越工程师的素养演化异构性,明确激活其关键特征的关键性事件及时间节点,形成多阶段、精准化的培养机制:一方面,对于人才的职业起步阶段,可通过安排主管领导的“引路人”角色、实施轮岗制、采取个性化的职业生涯规划等,快速明确人才的职业生涯目标。另一方面,对于人才的后续职业发展,组织和主管领导应提供带队伍和参与重大项目的历练机会,允许人才承担关键核心环节;此外,应积极挖掘产业上下游的前沿科学问题和实践堵点,扩大重点领域研发计划、重大科技攻关项目的选题范畴,为各领域拔尖人才施展才华提供更加宽广的高层次舞台。
基金
收起
  • 国家社会科学基金重大项目(23ZDA065)
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
赵晨, 林晨, 李沐阳. 人才支撑产业与创新融合发展--文献综述、研究框架及展望[J]. 技术经济, 2024, 43(3): 36-50.
Zhao C, Lin C, Li M Y. Integrated development of talent supporting industry and innovation: Literature review, research framework, and prospects[J]. Journal of Technology Economics, 2024, 43(3): 36-50.
[2]
张丹丹, 王小理. 战略科学家研究述评及未来研究议题展望[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2024(3): 142-149.
Zhang D D, Wang X L. A review of strategic scientists, research and prospects for future research topics[J]. Forum on Science and Technology in China, 2024(3): 142-149.
[3]
王璐瑶, 熊艾伦, 陈劲. 战略科技人才胜任力模型构建与分类评价[J]. 科技管理研究, 2023, 43(9): 36-42.
Wang L Y, Xiong A L, Chen J. Construction and classification evaluation of competency model of strategic scientific and technological talents[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2023, 43(9): 36-42.
[4]
石长慧, 王卓妮, 张文霞. 战略人才力量:认识、问题与政策建议[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2024(11):114-122.
Shi C H, Wang Z N, Zhang W X. Strategic talent forces: Understanding, problems, and policy suggestions[J]. Forum on Science and Technology in China, 2024(11):114-122.
[5]
王昉, 申金升, 武虹, 等. 战略科学家典型特征量化评估:探索与实证研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(10): 1475-1489.
Wang F, Shen J S, Wu H, et al. Quantitative assessment of typical characteristics of strategic scientists: Exploration and empirical research[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 38(10): 1475-1489.
[6]
王月琴, 夏从亚. 战略性科技创新人才心理资本探析与培育--以火炸药学家王泽山院士为例[J]. 科技管理研究, 2019, 39(4): 106-113.
Wang Y Q, Xia C Y. Analysis and cultivation of psychological capital of strategic scientific and technological innovation talents: Take academician of fire explosives Wang Zeshan as an example[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2019, 39(4): 106-113.
[7]
汪长明. “钱学森之问”:话语指向、机制纠偏及践履路径[J]. 高教探索, 2022(4): 5-14.
Wang C M. Qian Xuesen’s question: Discourse orientation, mechanism correction, and practical path[J]. Higher Education Exploration, 2022 (4): 5-14.
[8]
Meyers M C, van Woerkom M. The influence of underlying philosophies on talent management: Theory, implications for practice, and research agenda[J]. Journal of World Business, 2014, 49(2): 192-203.
[9]
Bandura A. Social learning theory of aggression[J]. Journal of Communication, 1978, 28(3): 12-29.
[10]
Spencer L, Spencer S. Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance[M]. Manhattan: John Wiley & Sons, 1998: 9-21.
[11]
Super D E. A life-span, life-space approach to career development[J]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1980, 16(3): 282-298.
[12]
Wiblen S L, Mcdonnell A. Connecting “talent” meanings and multi-level context: A discursive approach[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020, 31(4): 474-510.
[13]
Gallardo-Gallardo E, Dries N, González-Cruz T F. What is the meaning of “talent” in the world of work?[J]. Human Resource Management Review, 2013, 23(4): 290-300.
[14]
Meyers C, Woerkom M V, Dries N. Talent-innate or acquired? Theoretical considerations and their implications for talent management[J]. Human Resource Management Review, 2013, 23(4): 305-321.
[15]
Meyers M C, van Woerkom M, Paauwe J, et al. HR Managers’ talent philosophies: Prevalence and relationships with perceived talent management practices[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020, 31(4): 562-588.
[16]
Wiblen S, Dery K, Grant D. Do you see what I see? The role of technology in talent identification[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 2012, 50(4): 421-438.
[17]
Kwon K, Jang S. There is no good war for talent: A critical review of the literature on talent management[J]. Employee Relations, 2021, ahead-of-print.
[18]
Marescaux E, De Winne S, Sels L. HR practices and affective organisational commitment: (When) does HR differentiation pay off?[J]. Human Resource Management Journal, 2013, 23(4): 329-345.
[19]
Beechler S, Woodward I C. The global “war for talent”[J]. Journal of International Management, 2009, 15(3): 273-285.
[20]
Makarius E, Srinivasan M. Addressing skills mismatch: Utilizing talent supply chain management to enhance collaboration between companies and talent suppliers[J]. Business Horizons, 2017, 60(4): 495-505.
[21]
Oberländer M, Beinicke A, Bipp T. Digital competencies: A review of the literature and applications in the workplace[J]. Computers & Education, 2020, 146: 103752.
[22]
Weinert F. Concept of competence: A conceptual clarification[A]. Domunique S R,Laura H S. Defining and Selecting Key Competencies[C]. Göttingen: Hogerfe & Huber, 2001: 45-65.
[23]
Schwartz S H, Cieciuch J, Vecchione M, et al. Refining the theory of basic individual values[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012, 103(4): 663-688.
[24]
盛昭瀚, 于景元. 复杂系统管理:一个具有中国特色的管理学新领域[J]. 管理世界, 2021, 37(6): 36-50,2.
Sheng Z H, Yu J Y. Complex systems management: An emerging management science with Chinese characteristics[J]. Journal of Management World, 2021, 37(6): 36-50,2.
[25]
Murawski M, Bick M. Digital competences of the workforce-A research topic?[J]. Business Process Management Journal, 2017, 23(3): 721-734.
[26]
Jooss S, Collings D G G, McMackin J, et al. A skills-matching perspective on talent management: Developing strategic agility[J]. Human Resource Management, 2023, 63(1):141-157.
[27]
Luthans F, Youssef C M. Human, social, and now positive psychological capital management: Investing in people for competitive advantage[J]. Organizational Dynamics, 2004, 33: 143-160.
2026年第44卷第1期
PDF下载
54
26
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间：2024-11-21
  • 首发时间：2026-10-13
  • 出版时间：2026-01-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2024-11-21
  • 修回日期：2025-03-03
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(23ZDA065)
作者信息
    1 中国社会科学院工业经济研究所, 北京 100006
    2 北京邮电大学经济管理学院, 北京 100876

通讯作者:

林晨(1999-),男,博士研究生, E-mail:。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/1316695279563288751
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62662699（运营及技术支持）
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持