Article(id=1315693760781071221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315693724970103290, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1739116800000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-10, revisedDate=1780416000000, revisedDateStr=2026-06-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791615436978, onlineDateStr=2026-10-10, pubDate=1791993600000, pubDateStr=2026-10-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791615436978, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791615436978, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791615436978, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1315693724970103290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='10', pageStart='2017', pageEnd='2240', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1791993600000', pubDateStr='2026-10-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791615428440, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791615454688, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315693835188031766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315693724970103290, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315693835188031767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315693724970103290, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2185, endPage=2193, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315693761108226934, articleId=1315693760781071221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=The evolution and logic of the government’s role in the development of the national innovation system, columnId=1309226375089840648, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Frontiers and Opinions, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Since its introduction, the theory of National Innovation System (NIS) has become an important theoretical basis for the Chinese government to formulate innovation policies, and has had a wide impact on China's scientific and technological economic development. However, NIS theory typically treats government as an actor alongside firms and universities. This perspective is insufficient for explaining the coordinating and organizational functions that the Chinese government has played in building the NIS. To address this limitation, this article argues that the Chinese government occupies two structural positions within the NIS. First, as architectural role (Type I), it operates outside the system to design rules and define the division of responsibilities. Second, as interventionist role (Type II), it enters the system to mobilize resources and correct operational deficiencies. By examining five stages in the development of China’s NIS, this study finds that the relative importance of these two roles has shifted dynamically in response to changing national objectives, and the two roles have evolved into a governance pattern characterized by a clear distinction between external design and internal intervention. Based on this experience, the article offers three contributions to the NIS literature. First, the role of government should transcend its conventional positioning as merely an institutional provider; second, the government’s role is closely intertwined with national objectives; and third, the governance of latecomer NIS requires a stronger emphasis on dynamic adaptability.
, authors=Ze FENG
1, Guang CHEN
2, Kai-hua CHEN
3, Jin KANG
4, authorsList=Ze FENG, Guang CHEN, Kai-hua CHEN, Jin KANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Guang CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315693761997419385, articleId=1315693760781071221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=国家创新体系发展中政府角色的演进与逻辑, columnId=1309226375303750154, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=前沿与观点, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
国家创新体系(NIS)理论自引进以来即成为中国政府制定创新政策的重要理论依据,对我国科技经济发展产生了广泛影响。然而,NIS理论通常把政府视为与企业、高校并列的行动者(Actor),这一定位难以解释我国政府在创新体系建设中所发挥的统筹性、组织性作用。由此,本文提出我国政府在NIS中同时占据两个结构性位置:作为体系架构者(Ⅰ型角色)站在体系之外设计规则、确立分工,作为直接干预者(Ⅱ型角色)进入体系内部组织资源、矫正运行。通过梳理我国NIS建设的五个阶段,本文发现两类角色的权重随国家目标的变迁而动态调整,并在转型期形成了内外有别、协同治理的格局。基于这一经验,本文对NIS理论提出三点讨论:政府角色应突破传统理论中的体系内主体定位、政府角色与国家目标存在阶段性耦合、后发国家的创新治理需要强化动态适配性。
, authors=冯泽
1, 陈光
2, 陈凯华
3, 康瑾
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1 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190, bio={"content":"
冯泽(1996-),女,助理研究员,博士。
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2 Bureau of Academic Divisions, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315693763096327055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, authorId=1315693762957915020, language=CN, stringName=陈光, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 中国科学院学部工作局, 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315693762450404221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315693762454598526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, companyId=1315693762450404221, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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3, address=
3 School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315693763343790996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, authorId=1315693763167630225, language=CN, stringName=陈凯华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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3 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院, 北京 100049, bio={"content":"
陈凯华(1980-),男,教授,博士。
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4 China Mobile Communication Co., Ltd., Beijing 100032, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315693763570283417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, authorId=1315693763423482774, language=CN, stringName=康瑾, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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4 中国移动通信集团有限公司研究院, 北京 100032)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1315693764547556258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=
The dual role of the chinese government in the national innovation system, figureFileSmall=snJJTz+3s7OSxKwpCwKJiw==, figureFileBig=Tr4pO0hZhi8M3VnqdQ0ocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315693764623053731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
中国政府在国家创新体系中的二元角色, figureFileSmall=snJJTz+3s7OSxKwpCwKJiw==, figureFileBig=Tr4pO0hZhi8M3VnqdQ0ocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315693764815991716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
The evolution of government roles across the five stages of China's national innovation system development
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阶段 | 国家目标 | 主导角色 | 政府作用特征 |
引入期 (1993—1998) | 科技体制改革,建立NIS | Ⅰ型为主 | 站在体系之外搭建制度框架,放权赋能创新主体 |
探索期 (1998—2006) | 重构体系功能,强化主体互动 | Ⅰ型为主、Ⅱ型为辅 | 以制度供给强化主体联系,以资源介入补足薄弱环节 |
发展期 (2006—2012) | 确立企业创新主体地位, 提升自主创新能力 | Ⅰ型为主 | 统筹体系结构与运行方向,战略领域辅以集中攻关 |
完善期 (2012—2020) | 提升体系运行效率与整体绩效 | Ⅱ型为主 | 以显性直接干预提升效率,以战略统筹保证方向一致 |
转型期 (2020—至今) | 高质量发展、科技自立自强, 在国际竞争中争取战略主动 | Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型协同(内外有别) | 对内以规则保障高效运转,对外以集中攻关确保战略目标 |
), ArticleFig(id=1315693764937626533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315693760781071221, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
中国国家创新体系建设五阶段的政府角色演进
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阶段 | 国家目标 | 主导角色 | 政府作用特征 |
引入期 (1993—1998) | 科技体制改革,建立NIS | Ⅰ型为主 | 站在体系之外搭建制度框架,放权赋能创新主体 |
探索期 (1998—2006) | 重构体系功能,强化主体互动 | Ⅰ型为主、Ⅱ型为辅 | 以制度供给强化主体联系,以资源介入补足薄弱环节 |
发展期 (2006—2012) | 确立企业创新主体地位, 提升自主创新能力 | Ⅰ型为主 | 统筹体系结构与运行方向,战略领域辅以集中攻关 |
完善期 (2012—2020) | 提升体系运行效率与整体绩效 | Ⅱ型为主 | 以显性直接干预提升效率,以战略统筹保证方向一致 |
转型期 (2020—至今) | 高质量发展、科技自立自强, 在国际竞争中争取战略主动 | Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型协同(内外有别) | 对内以规则保障高效运转,对外以集中攻关确保战略目标 |
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