Article(id=1315372263889818081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1727107200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-24, revisedDate=1740326400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791538786145, onlineDateStr=2026-10-09, pubDate=1771084800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791538786145, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791538786145, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791538786145, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1315372180473496558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='225', pageEnd='448', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771084800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791538766258, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791538833264, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315372461596725883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315372461596725884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=434, endPage=448, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315372264120504802, articleId=1315372263889818081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=The evaluation of China's science popularization policy based on the "Dual-Effect" hybrid approach, columnId=1309226375089840648, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Frontiers and Opinions, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The evaluation of public policies has been a long-standing concern for both the government and academia. However, most studies either focus on the effectiveness of the text or the outcomes rarely examining the complete chain from policy effectiveness to policy outcomes. This paper, based on the "dual effectiveness" mixed method, takes China's science popularization as an example, and uses panel data from 31 provinces from 2012 to 2022 to conduct empirical analysis, systematically investigating impact of policy effectiveness on policy outcomes and its mechanism. The study finds that policy effectiveness has a significant impact on policy outcomes; the level of policy effectiveness and outcomes significantly depending on the target audience, with the highest performance seen in incentive policies, followed by protective policies, and the weakest in environmental policies; among the four dimensions policy, policy measures have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of policy implementation, followed by policy feedback and policy goals. Therefore, the government should further strengthen the driving of incentive policies, improve the efficiency of incentive policy supply through revision of incentive measures. And improve the overall effectiveness and outcome of the policy by enhancing policy measures, goals, policy strength, and policy feedback. The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows:(1) By adopting a "dual-effect" mixed method, it first quantitatively measures the effectiveness of popular science policies, then analyzes the impact of policy effectiveness on policy outcomes, providing a more objective measurement of the validity of policy texts and their influence on actual implementation outcomes;(2) Starting from multiple factors influencing policy implementation outcomes, it comprehensively considers the impact of policy effectiveness, different categories of policy effectiveness, and various policy dimensions on policy execution results, in order to avoid one-sidedness and subjectivity in policy performance evaluation;(3) Using the established policy effectiveness evaluation model as a tool, a more accurate assessment of the implementation effects of different policy documents and policy instruments can be conducted.

, authors=Lan-jian LIU1, Li XUE2, Yao XIAO3, authorsList=Lan-jian LIU, Li XUE, Yao XIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yao XIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315372265395573227, articleId=1315372263889818081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=基于“双效”混合方法的我国科普政策评估, columnId=1309226375303750154, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=前沿与观点, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

公共政策绩效评估是政府部门和学术界长期关注的问题。而多数研究“就文本谈效力”,或“就效果谈效果”,很少有从政策效力到政策效果的完整链条中来审视政策绩效。本文基于“双效”混合方法,以我国科普政策为研究对象,运用2012-2022年31个省级面板数据评估政策效力对政策效果的影响及其机制。研究发现:政策效力对政策效果产生了显著影响;不同类型政策效力水平及效果均因作用对象的差异而呈现出显著差异,动力型政策最优,保护型政策次之,而环境型政策最弱;在政策的4个维度中,政策措施对政策执行效果的影响最大,政策反馈和政策目标次之。因此,政府应进一步加强动力型政策的推动作用,通过修订激励措施,增加动力型政策的供给。并从政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈4个方面提高政策的综合效力及效果。

, authors=刘兰剑1, 薛丽2, 肖瑶3, authorsList=刘兰剑, 薛丽, 肖瑶, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=肖瑶, authorNote=

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

, correspAuthorsNote=
肖瑶(1988-),女,副教授, E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=IxqxE4C3q4TmNcwtirly+g==, magXml=qdqssd0C3jaRzdQZw1szsQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=D57doSL25VRz3OZs6A4YSQ==, pdfFileSize=6157482, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=rHMFeZzTrI/dBZBK67tDrA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=lXaoTIAE5qo9n8qxhgK1bQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1315372265890501110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372265957609976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372265890501110, language=EN, stringName=Lan-jian LIU, firstName=Lan-jian, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266024718841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372265890501110, language=CN, stringName=刘兰剑, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018, bio={"content":"

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265626259948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265634648557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265643037166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])]), Author(id=1315372266083439099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266158936573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266083439099, language=EN, stringName=Li XUE, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=XUE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266230239742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266083439099, language=CN, stringName=薛丽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064, bio={"content":"

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265718534639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265726923248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265735311857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064)])]), Author(id=1315372266305737216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xiaoyao@mail.zjgsu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266377040386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266305737216, language=EN, stringName=Yao XIAO, firstName=Yao, middleName=null, lastName=XIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266444149251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266305737216, language=CN, stringName=肖瑶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265802420722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265815003635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265819197940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1315372266549006852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=science popularization policy), Keyword(id=1315372266624504325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=effectiveness), Keyword(id=1315372266683224582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=outcome), Keyword(id=1315372266754527751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=policy evaluation), Keyword(id=1315372266817442312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=science popularization), Keyword(id=1315372266897134089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=科普政策), Keyword(id=1315372266964242954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=效力), Keyword(id=1315372267022963211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=效果), Keyword(id=1315372267094266380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=政策评估), Keyword(id=1315372267161375245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=科学普及)], refs=[Reference(id=1315372271456342571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=128, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=贠杰, journalName=管理世界, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贠杰. 公共政策评估的制度基础与基本范式[J]. 管理世界, 2023, 39 (1): 128-38., articleTitle=公共政策评估的制度基础与基本范式, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271540228652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=128, pageEnd=138, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Yun J, journalName=Management World, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yun J. The institutional foundation and basic paradigm of public policy evaluation[J]. Management World, 2023, 39(1): 128-138., articleTitle=The institutional foundation and basic paradigm of public policy evaluation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271619920429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=中国政府网, journalName=2022-09-04, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国政府网. 中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于新时代进一步加强科学技术普及工作的意见》[EB/OL]. 2022-09-04, https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm., articleTitle=中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于新时代进一步加强科学技术普及工作的意见》, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271699612206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=State Council of China, journalName=2022-09-04, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Council of China. General Office of the CPC Central Committee and General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology in the New Era."[EB/OL]. 2022-09-04, https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm., articleTitle=General Office of the CPC Central Committee and General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology in the New Era.", refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271770915375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=新华社, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=新华社. 新华时评:让创新和科普两翼齐飞[EB/OL]. 2016, https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm., articleTitle=新华时评:让创新和科普两翼齐飞, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271842218544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Xinhua News Agency, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xinhua News Agency. Xinhua Commentary: Let Innovation and Popular Science Both Soar[EB/OL]. 2016, https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm., articleTitle=Xinhua Commentary: Let Innovation and Popular Science Both Soar, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372271921910321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=新华网, journalName=2023-02-07, refType=null, unstructuredReference=新华网. 习近平:高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗——在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告[EB/OL]. 2023-02-07, http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm., articleTitle=习近平:高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗——在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272026767922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Xinhuanet, journalName=2023-02-07, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xinhuanet. Xi Jinping:Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Unite to Strive for the Comprehensive Construction of a Modern Socialist Country - Report at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China[EB/OL]. 2023-02-07, http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm., articleTitle=Xi Jinping:Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Unite to Strive for the Comprehensive Construction of a Modern Socialist Country - Report at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272102265395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=中国政府网, journalName=2024-04-16, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国政府网. 14.14%!我国公民科学素质水平新增长[EB/OL]. 2024-04-16, https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm., articleTitle=14.14%!我国公民科学素质水平新增长, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272165179956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=State Council of China, journalName=2024-04-16, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Council of China. 14.14%! The New Growth in the Scientific Literacy of Chinese Citizens[EB/OL]. 2024-04-16, https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm., articleTitle=14.14%! The New Growth in the Scientific Literacy of Chinese Citizens, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272236483125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=18, issue=2, pageStart=9, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=张根文, 都江堰, journalName=科普研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张根文, 都江堰. 政策工具视角下我国科普政策研究——基于2000—2021年政策的文本分析[J]. 科普研究, 2023, 18 (2): 9-18,110., articleTitle=政策工具视角下我国科普政策研究——基于2000—2021年政策的文本分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272303591990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=18, issue=2, pageStart=9, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Zhang G W, Du J Y, journalName=Popular Science Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang G W, Du J Y. Research on China's popular science policies from the perspective of policy tools—A textual analysis of policies from 2000 to 2021[J]. Popular Science Research, 2023, 18(2): 9-18,110., articleTitle=Research on China's popular science policies from the perspective of policy tools—A textual analysis of policies from 2000 to 2021, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272379089463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Taillez D, journalName=Proceedings of the XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022):International Symposium on Value Adding and Innovation Management in the 1380, F, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Taillez D. Dissemination of scientific knowledge to the society: Balance between accuracy and simplification[C]. Proceedings of the XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022):International Symposium on Value Adding and Innovation Management in the 1380, F, 2022., articleTitle=Dissemination of scientific knowledge to the society: Balance between accuracy and simplification, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272454586936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Herzog L, journalName=Theses and Dissertations Paper, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Herzog L. Institutional Analysis of a Natural History Museum: Formation and dissemination of scientific knowledge[R]. Theses and Dissertations Paper, 2011., articleTitle=Institutional Analysis of a Natural History Museum: Formation and dissemination of scientific knowledge, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272530084409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=3, pageStart=62, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=14, authorNames=刘玉强, 单孟丽, 张思光, journalName=科普研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘玉强, 单孟丽, 张思光. 我国科普政策制定主体协同演化研究——基于1994—2020年政策文本的分析[J]. 科普研究, 2022, 17 (3): 62-71,108., articleTitle=我国科普政策制定主体协同演化研究——基于1994—2020年政策文本的分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272601387578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=3, pageStart=62, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Liu Y Q, Shan M L, Zhang S G, journalName=Popular Science Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Y Q, Shan M L, Zhang S G. Research on the collaborative evolution of main bodies in the formulation of China's popular science policies: Based on the analysis of policy texts from 1994 to 2020[J]. Popular Science Research, 2022, 17(3): 62-71,108., articleTitle=Research on the collaborative evolution of main bodies in the formulation of China's popular science policies: Based on the analysis of policy texts from 1994 to 2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272681079355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=10, pageEnd=4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=苏淼淼, 林可, 陈莎莎, journalName=西藏科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏淼淼, 林可, 陈莎莎. 基于熵权灰色关联度的西藏科普资源统计评价研究[J]. 西藏科技, 2021 (6): 10-4,8., articleTitle=基于熵权灰色关联度的西藏科普资源统计评价研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272760771132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=10, pageEnd=4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Su M M, Lin K, Chen S S, journalName=Tibet Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Su M M, Lin K, Chen S S. Research on the statistical evaluation of popular science resources in Tibet based on entropy weight and grey relational degree[J]. Tibet Science and Technology, 2021 (6): 10-4,8., articleTitle=Research on the statistical evaluation of popular science resources in Tibet based on entropy weight and grey relational degree, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272836268605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Kong D Y, journalName=proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science, F 2014/08, Atlantis Press, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kong D Y. An Analysis of Popular Science Policy in China Based on the Policy Instrument Perspective[C]. proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science, F 2014/08, Atlantis Press, 2014., articleTitle=An Analysis of Popular Science Policy in China Based on the Policy Instrument Perspective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272924348990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=35, issue=2, pageStart=143, pageEnd=52, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=卫夏雯, 祝叶华, 韩晓宁, journalName=中国科技期刊研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=卫夏雯, 祝叶华, 韩晓宁, 等. 我国科普期刊微信视频号传播能力与策略研究[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2024, 35 (2): 143-52., articleTitle=我国科普期刊微信视频号传播能力与策略研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372272991457855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=35, issue=2, pageStart=143, pageEnd=152, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Wei X W, Zhu Y H, Han X N, journalName=China Science and Technology Journal Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei X W, Zhu Y H, Han X N, et al. Research on the dissemination ability and strategies of popular science journals on WeChat video accounts in China[J]. China Science and Technology Journal Research, 2024, 35(2): 143-152., articleTitle=Research on the dissemination ability and strategies of popular science journals on WeChat video accounts in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273075343936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=358, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=21, authorNames=董纪昌, 祝魏玮, 张超, journalName=中国科学院院刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董纪昌, 祝魏玮, 张超, 等. 科学传播模式演变与科技创新交互机制的探析和思考[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2024, 39 (2): 358-66., articleTitle=科学传播模式演变与科技创新交互机制的探析和思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273163424321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=358, pageEnd=366, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Dong J C, Zhu W W, Zhang C, journalName=Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dong J C, Zhu W W, Zhang C, et al. Evolution of scientific communication models and the interactive mechanism of technological innovation: Analysis and reflection[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2024, 39(2): 358-366., articleTitle=Evolution of scientific communication models and the interactive mechanism of technological innovation: Analysis and reflection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273230533186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=14, pageStart=234, pageEnd=40, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=23, authorNames=张娜, 邱银忠, 宋晓阳, journalName=科技管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张娜, 邱银忠, 宋晓阳, 等. 大科普生态系统构建模式与机制:广东科学中心创新实践视角[J]. 科技管理研究, 2023, 43 (14): 234-40., articleTitle=大科普生态系统构建模式与机制:广东科学中心创新实践视角, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273301836355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=14, pageStart=234, pageEnd=240, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Zhang N, Qiu Y Z, Song X Y, journalName=Science and Technology Management Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang N, Qiu Y Z, Song X Y, et al. Construction models and mechanisms of the large-scale popular science ecosystem: Innovation practices from the Guangdong Science Center perspective[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2023, 43(14): 234-240., articleTitle=Construction models and mechanisms of the large-scale popular science ecosystem: Innovation practices from the Guangdong Science Center perspective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273373139524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=87, pageEnd=93, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=张瑞芳, 闫晓美, 刘敏娟, journalName=科技与出版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张瑞芳, 闫晓美, 刘敏娟, 等. 地震科技期刊承担防震减灾科普的困境及实现途径[J]. 科技与出版, 2024 (2): 87-93., articleTitle=地震科技期刊承担防震减灾科普的困境及实现途径, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273457025605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=87, pageEnd=93, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Zhang R F, Yan X M, Liu M j, journalName=Science and Technology and Publishing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang R F, Yan X M, Liu M j, et al. The dilemmas and solutions of seismic technology journals in undertaking earthquake prevention and disaster reduction popular science[J]. Science and Technology and Publishing, 2024 (2): 87-93., articleTitle=The dilemmas and solutions of seismic technology journals in undertaking earthquake prevention and disaster reduction popular science, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273524134470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=18, issue=6, pageStart=60, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=朱姿伊, 金兼斌, journalName=科普研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱姿伊, 金兼斌. 创新农业科技推广模式:科学资本视角下科技特派员制度解析——以南平市菌草业的科技特派员实践为例[J]. 科普研究, 2023, 18 (6): 60-9,97-8., articleTitle=创新农业科技推广模式:科学资本视角下科技特派员制度解析——以南平市菌草业的科技特派员实践为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273628992071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=18, issue=6, pageStart=60, pageEnd=69, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Zhu Z Y, Jin J B, journalName=Popular Science Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Z Y, Jin J B. Innovation of agricultural technology promotion models: Analysis of the science and technology commissioner system from the perspective of scientific capital—A case study of the technology commissioner practices in the Mushroom-Grass industry in Nanping City[J]. Popular Science Research, 2023, 18(6): 60-69,97-98., articleTitle=Innovation of agricultural technology promotion models: Analysis of the science and technology commissioner system from the perspective of scientific capital—A case study of the technology commissioner practices in the Mushroom-Grass industry in Nanping City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273696100936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=15, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=李红林, 何薇, 胡俊平, journalName=科普研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李红林, 何薇, 胡俊平, 等. 世界公众数字素养与技能测评的发展述评[J]. 科普研究, 2022, 17 (6): 15-24,108., articleTitle=世界公众数字素养与技能测评的发展述评, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273788375625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=15, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Li H L, He W, Hu J P, journalName=Popular Science Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li H L, He W, Hu J P, et al. Review of the development of global public digital literacy and skills assessments[J]. Popular Science Research, 2022, 17(6): 15-24,108., articleTitle=Review of the development of global public digital literacy and skills assessments, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273868067402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=16, issue=6, pageStart=18, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=31, authorNames=袁梦飞, 周建中, journalName=科普研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=袁梦飞, 周建中. 关于新时代科普人才队伍建设的研究与思考[J]. 科普研究, 2021, 16 (6): 18-24,112-3., articleTitle=关于新时代科普人才队伍建设的研究与思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372273947759179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=16, issue=6, pageStart=18, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Yuan M F, Zhou J Z, journalName=Popular Science Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yuan M F, Zhou J Z. Research and reflection on the construction of the popular science talent team in the New Era[J]. Popular Science Research, 2021, 16(6): 18-24,112-113., articleTitle=Research and reflection on the construction of the popular science talent team in the New Era, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372274019062348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=25, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=33, authorNames=彭纪生, 仲为国, 孙文祥, journalName=管理世界, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彭纪生, 仲为国, 孙文祥. 政策测量、政策协同演变与经济绩效:基于创新政策的实证研究[J]. 管理世界, 2008 (9): 25-36., articleTitle=政策测量、政策协同演变与经济绩效:基于创新政策的实证研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372275638063693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=9, pageStart=25, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Peng J S, Zhong W G, Sun W X, journalName=Management World, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peng J S, Zhong W G, Sun W X. Policy measurement, policy coordination evolution, and economic performance: An empirical study based on innovation policies[J]. Management World, 2008 (9): 25-36., articleTitle=Policy measurement, policy coordination evolution, and economic performance: An empirical study based on innovation policies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372275726144078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=30, pageEnd=5, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=35, authorNames=王帮俊, 朱荣, journalName=软科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王帮俊, 朱荣. 产学研协同创新政策效力与政策效果评估——基于中国2006-2016年政策文本的量化分析[J]. 软科学, 2019, 33 (3): 30-5,44., articleTitle=产学研协同创新政策效力与政策效果评估——基于中国2006-2016年政策文本的量化分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372275789058639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=30, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Wang B J, Zhu R, journalName=Soft Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang B J, Zhu R. Policy effectiveness and evaluation of industry-academia-research collaborative innovation policies—A quantitative analysis of policy texts from China, 2006-2016[J]. Soft Science, 2019, 33(3): 30-35,44., articleTitle=Policy effectiveness and evaluation of industry-academia-research collaborative innovation policies—A quantitative analysis of policy texts from China, 2006-2016, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372275885527632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=151, pageEnd=164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=37, authorNames=林寿富, 王招治, journalName=东南学术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=林寿富, 王招治. 中国企业技术创新政策的效力测度与执行效果评估[J]. 东南学术, 2024 (1): 151-164., articleTitle=中国企业技术创新政策的效力测度与执行效果评估, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372275956830801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=151, pageEnd=164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Lin S F, Wang Z Z, journalName=Southeast Academic Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin S F, Wang Z Z. Effectiveness measurement and evaluation of China's corporate technology innovation policies[J]. Southeast Academic Journal, 2024 (1): 151-164., articleTitle=Effectiveness measurement and evaluation of China's corporate technology innovation policies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276019745362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=39, authorNames=中国政府网, journalName=2008-02-05, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国政府网. 关于加强国家科普能力建设的若干意见[EB/OL]. 2008-02-05, https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm., articleTitle=关于加强国家科普能力建设的若干意见, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276082659923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=40, authorNames=State Council of China, journalName=2008-02-05, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Council of China. Several Opinions on Strengthening National Popular Science Capability Building. [EB/OL]. 2008-02-05, https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm., articleTitle=Several Opinions on Strengthening National Popular Science Capability Building, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276141380180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=37, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=41, authorNames=何丽, journalName=科研管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何丽. 地区企业科普能力指标体系构建和评价实证研究[J]. 科研管理, 2016, 37(S1): 690-5., articleTitle=地区企业科普能力指标体系构建和评价实证研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276216877653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=S1, pageStart=690, pageEnd=695, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=42, authorNames=He L, journalName=Science and Technology Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He L. Empirical research on the construction and evaluation of regional enterprise popular science capability indicator system[J]. Science and Technology Management, 2016, 37(S1): 690-695., articleTitle=Empirical research on the construction and evaluation of regional enterprise popular science capability indicator system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276292375126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=12, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=43, authorNames=李婷, journalName=中国科技论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李婷. 地区科普能力指标体系的构建及评价研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2011 (7): 12-7., articleTitle=地区科普能力指标体系的构建及评价研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276355289687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=12, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=44, authorNames=Li T, journalName=China Science and Technology Forum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li T. Research on the construction and evaluation of regional popular science capability indicator systems[J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2011 (7): 12-17., articleTitle=Research on the construction and evaluation of regional popular science capability indicator systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276414009944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=54, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=佟贺丰, 刘润生, 张泽玉, journalName=中国软科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=佟贺丰, 刘润生, 张泽玉. 地区科普力度评价指标体系构建与分析[J]. 中国软科学, 2008 (12): 54-60., articleTitle=地区科普力度评价指标体系构建与分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276489507417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=54, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=46, authorNames=Tong H F, Liu R S, Zhang Z Y, journalName=China Soft Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tong H F, Liu R S, Zhang Z Y. Construction and analysis of the regional popular science effort evaluation indicator system[J]. China Soft Science, 2008 (12): 54-60., articleTitle=Construction and analysis of the regional popular science effort evaluation indicator system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276565004890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=11, pageStart=1390, pageEnd=1397, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=47, authorNames=王大鹏, 黄荣丽, 陈玲, journalName=中国科学院院刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王大鹏, 黄荣丽, 陈玲. 科研与科普结合历史视角下我国科研人员科普能力建设思考[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2020, 35 (11): 1390-1397., articleTitle=科研与科普结合历史视角下我国科研人员科普能力建设思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276648890971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=11, pageStart=1390, pageEnd=1397, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=48, authorNames=Wang D P, Huang R L, Chen L, journalName=Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang D P, Huang R L, Chen L. Reflection on the construction of scientific popularization ability of research personnel in China from the historical perspective of the integration of scientific research and popular science[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2020, 35(11): 1390-1397., articleTitle=Reflection on the construction of scientific popularization ability of research personnel in China from the historical perspective of the integration of scientific research and popular science, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276715999836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=49, authorNames=赵宇星, journalName=中国高校科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵宇星. 高校图书馆知识产权科普工作创新与实践——以华南理工大学为例[J]. 中国高校科技, 2020(S1): 21-4., articleTitle=高校图书馆知识产权科普工作创新与实践——以华南理工大学为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276787303005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=S1, pageStart=21, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=50, authorNames=Zhao Y X, journalName=China Higher Education Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Y X. Innovation and practice of intellectual property popularization work in university libraries—A case study of South China University of Technology[J]. China Higher Education Science and Technology, 2020 (S1): 21-24., articleTitle=Innovation and practice of intellectual property popularization work in university libraries—A case study of South China University of Technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276862800478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=114, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=51, authorNames=李群, 刘涛, journalName=中国科技论坛, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李群, 刘涛. 城镇劳动人口科学素质及影响因素——以京津沪渝湘川为例[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2017 (5): 114-9,43., articleTitle=城镇劳动人口科学素质及影响因素——以京津沪渝湘川为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372276934103647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=114, pageEnd=119, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=52, authorNames=Li Q, Liu T, journalName=China Science and Technology Forum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Q, Liu T. Scientific literacy of urban labor force and its influencing factors—A case study of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hunan, and Sichuan[J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2017 (5): 114-119,43., articleTitle=Scientific literacy of urban labor force and its influencing factors—A case study of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hunan, and Sichuan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277030572640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=53, authorNames=中国科普研究所, journalName=中国科普政策法规汇编 1949-2018 上, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国科普研究所. 中国科普政策法规汇编 1949-2018 上[M]. 北京: 中国法制出版社, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277101875809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=54, authorNames=China Popular Science Research Institute, journalName=Compilation of China’s Popular Science Policies and Regulations 1949-2018 Vol. I, refType=null, unstructuredReference=China Popular Science Research Institute. Compilation of China’s Popular Science Policies and Regulations 1949-2018 Vol. I[M]. Beijing: China Legal Publishing House, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277177373282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=55, authorNames=苏竣, 黄萃, 肖尤丹, journalName=中国科技政策要目概览 1949-2010年, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏竣, 黄萃, 肖尤丹, 等. 中国科技政策要目概览 1949-2010年[M]. 北京: 科学技术文献出版社, 2012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277248676451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=56, authorNames=Su J, Huang C, Xiao Y D, journalName=Overview of China’s Science and Technology Policies 1949-2010, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Su J, Huang C, Xiao Y D, et al. Overview of China’s Science and Technology Policies 1949-2010[M]. Beijing: Science and Technology Literature Press, 2012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277311591012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=57, authorNames=科技部政策法规与监督司编, journalName=中国科普法律法规与政策汇编 1994-2018, refType=null, unstructuredReference=科技部政策法规与监督司编. 中国科普法律法规与政策汇编 1994-2018[M]. 北京: 科学技术文献出版社, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1315372277399671397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=58, authorNames=Department of Policy, Regulation, Supervision, Ministry of Science and Technology, journalName=Compilation of China’s Popular Science Laws, Regulations, and Policies 1994-2018, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Department of Policy, Regulation and Supervision, Ministry of Science and Technology. Compilation of China’s Popular Science Laws, Regulations, and Policies 1994-2018[M]. Beijing: Science and Technology Literature Press, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1315372271179518504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, awardId=23AGL002, language=CN, fundingSource=国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AGL002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1315372271259210281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, awardId=2025C15019, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省软科学研究计划重大项目(2025C15019), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1315372271347290666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, awardId=24YJA630107, language=CN, fundingSource=教育部人文社会科学一般项目(24YJA630107), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265626259948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265634648557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265643037166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)]), AuthorCompany(id=1315372265718534639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265726923248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265735311857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064)]), AuthorCompany(id=1315372265802420722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265815003635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265819197940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1315372267283010062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Number of China's science popularization policies and the proportion of each policy type from2012 to 2022, figureFileSmall=hCmcySVmQsye+AvW9sUNFw==, figureFileBig=rHMFeZzTrI/dBZBK67tDrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267354313231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=图1, caption=2012-2022年我国科普政策数量及各类政策占比, figureFileSmall=hCmcySVmQsye+AvW9sUNFw==, figureFileBig=rHMFeZzTrI/dBZBK67tDrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267534668304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Annual Total Effecetiveness of Various Science popularization Policies from 2012-2022, figureFileSmall=rGNk7dKacT7wN+gRStcdKA==, figureFileBig=KpnrEsi8stK7n4YRPYZxDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267610165777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=图2, caption=2012-2022年各类科普政策年总效力情况, figureFileSmall=rGNk7dKacT7wN+gRStcdKA==, figureFileBig=KpnrEsi8stK7n4YRPYZxDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267681468946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Distribution of the annual average effectiveness of China's science popularization policies from 2012 to 2022, figureFileSmall=eMpBAVXJvLspa/SXlhxVKw==, figureFileBig=bkAFJHk2LR64X2dLma6a2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267752772115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=图3, caption=2012-2022年我国科普政策年均效力分布情况, figureFileSmall=eMpBAVXJvLspa/SXlhxVKw==, figureFileBig=bkAFJHk2LR64X2dLma6a2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267815686676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Annual average effectiveness scores of each dimension of China's science popularrization policies from 2012 to 2022, figureFileSmall=hpksEV84PzOZ/AkuQebJAA==, figureFileBig=8ulq1CGJnaU1n4pSl6DjEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372267907961365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=图4, caption=2012-2022年我国科普政策各维度年均效力分值, figureFileSmall=hpksEV84PzOZ/AkuQebJAA==, figureFileBig=8ulq1CGJnaU1n4pSl6DjEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315372268000236054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Measurement dimensions and scoring criteria for policy effectiveness

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 赋值 评分标准
政策措施
的具体程度(MEA)
5 明确提出对科学普及给予项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励、宣传推广、考核评估、人才培养等各项政策工具的具体资助额度、支持办法或举措
3 明确提出对科学普及给予项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励、宣传推广、考核评估、人才培养等,但未包含具体额度、支持办法或举措
1 仅提及或涉及三类政策工具5分和3分标准中的条款
政策目标的具体程度(GOA) 5 政策目标清晰可量化
3 政策目标清晰,但没有量化标准
1 仅宏观地表达了政策的愿景与期望
政策力度的具体程度(POW) 5 全国人大及其常务委员会颁布的法律
4 国务院颁布的条例、规定以及各部委的命令
3 国务院颁布的暂行条例、办法、方案、决定、意见、办法、标准;各部委颁布的条例、规定、决定
2 各部委颁布的意见、办法、方案、指南、暂行规定、细则、条件、标准
1 通知、公告、规划
政策反馈的具体程度(FEE) 5 有明确的监督方式和负责部门,且定期有反馈文件
3 有明确的监督方式和负责部门,反馈不足
1 没有监督和反馈
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268079927831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

政策效力的测量维度与评分标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 赋值 评分标准
政策措施
的具体程度(MEA)
5 明确提出对科学普及给予项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励、宣传推广、考核评估、人才培养等各项政策工具的具体资助额度、支持办法或举措
3 明确提出对科学普及给予项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励、宣传推广、考核评估、人才培养等,但未包含具体额度、支持办法或举措
1 仅提及或涉及三类政策工具5分和3分标准中的条款
政策目标的具体程度(GOA) 5 政策目标清晰可量化
3 政策目标清晰,但没有量化标准
1 仅宏观地表达了政策的愿景与期望
政策力度的具体程度(POW) 5 全国人大及其常务委员会颁布的法律
4 国务院颁布的条例、规定以及各部委的命令
3 国务院颁布的暂行条例、办法、方案、决定、意见、办法、标准;各部委颁布的条例、规定、决定
2 各部委颁布的意见、办法、方案、指南、暂行规定、细则、条件、标准
1 通知、公告、规划
政策反馈的具体程度(FEE) 5 有明确的监督方式和负责部门,且定期有反馈文件
3 有明确的监督方式和负责部门,反馈不足
1 没有监督和反馈
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268159619608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

National science popularization capacity evaluation index system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一级指标 权重 二级指标 权重
科普人员 0.0194 每万人科普人员专职数(人/万人) 0.0082
每万人科普人员兼职数(人/万人) 0.0112
科普场地 0.1663 每万人拥有科普场馆数(个/万人) 0.0203
每万人拥有科普场馆建筑面积(m2/万人) 0.0263
每万人拥有科普场馆展厅面积(m2/万人) 0.0709
每万人拥有科普教育基地数(个/万人) 0.0135
每万人拥有科普宣传车数(个/万人) 0.0354
科普经费 0.0923 每万人科普年度经费筹集额(元/万人) 0.0308
每万人科技活动周经费筹集额(元/万人) 0.0277
每万人科普年度经费使用额(元/万人) 0.0338
科普传媒 0.2831 每万人科普图书发行量(册/万人) 0.0984
每万人科普期刊发行量(册/万人) 0.0777
每万人科技类报纸发行量(册/万人) 0.0631
每万人发放科普读物和资料量(份/万人) 0.0191
每万人科普网站数(个/万人) 0.0248
科普活动 0.4389 每万人三类科普活动参加人次(人次/万人) 0.1374
每万人国际科普交流人次(人次/万人) 0.1943
每万人参加重大科普活动次数(人次/万人) 0.0167
每万人向社会开放大学、科研机构参观人次(人次/万人) 0.0519
每万人实用技术培训参加人次(人次/万人) 0.0386
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268260282905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

国家科普能力评价指标体系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一级指标 权重 二级指标 权重
科普人员 0.0194 每万人科普人员专职数(人/万人) 0.0082
每万人科普人员兼职数(人/万人) 0.0112
科普场地 0.1663 每万人拥有科普场馆数(个/万人) 0.0203
每万人拥有科普场馆建筑面积(m2/万人) 0.0263
每万人拥有科普场馆展厅面积(m2/万人) 0.0709
每万人拥有科普教育基地数(个/万人) 0.0135
每万人拥有科普宣传车数(个/万人) 0.0354
科普经费 0.0923 每万人科普年度经费筹集额(元/万人) 0.0308
每万人科技活动周经费筹集额(元/万人) 0.0277
每万人科普年度经费使用额(元/万人) 0.0338
科普传媒 0.2831 每万人科普图书发行量(册/万人) 0.0984
每万人科普期刊发行量(册/万人) 0.0777
每万人科技类报纸发行量(册/万人) 0.0631
每万人发放科普读物和资料量(份/万人) 0.0191
每万人科普网站数(个/万人) 0.0248
科普活动 0.4389 每万人三类科普活动参加人次(人次/万人) 0.1374
每万人国际科普交流人次(人次/万人) 0.1943
每万人参加重大科普活动次数(人次/万人) 0.0167
每万人向社会开放大学、科研机构参观人次(人次/万人) 0.0519
每万人实用技术培训参加人次(人次/万人) 0.0386
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268369334810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Selection and explanation of variables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量属性 符号 含义
被解释变量 P 国家科普能力指数
核心解释变量 AYEF 科普政策的综合年均效力
DYN 动力型政策的年均效力
ENV 环境型政策的年均效力
PRO 保护型政策的年均效力
GOA 政策目标的年均效力
FEE 政策反馈的年均效力
POW 政策力度的年均效力
控制变量 GDP 各省每万人GDP水平
R&D 各省每万人R&D经费支出
pl 各省每万人专利授权数
peo 各省每万人高校毕业生人数
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268457415195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

变量选取及解释

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量属性 符号 含义
被解释变量 P 国家科普能力指数
核心解释变量 AYEF 科普政策的综合年均效力
DYN 动力型政策的年均效力
ENV 环境型政策的年均效力
PRO 保护型政策的年均效力
GOA 政策目标的年均效力
FEE 政策反馈的年均效力
POW 政策力度的年均效力
控制变量 GDP 各省每万人GDP水平
R&D 各省每万人R&D经费支出
pl 各省每万人专利授权数
peo 各省每万人高校毕业生人数
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268541301276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Scoring table of China's science popularization policy from 2012 to 2022

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编码 政策文件名称 M G P F 政策效力分值
1-E-1 国家税务总局关于鼓励科普事业发展的进口税政策的通知 3 3 1 2 14
2-E-2 科学技术部办公厅关于转发继续执行宣传文化增值税和营业税优惠政策的通知和
关于鼓励科普事业发展的进口税政策的通知的通知
3 3 1 2 14
3-D-1 科学技术部关于印发国家科学技术普及“十二五”专项规划的通知 3 5 3 2 22
4-E-3 中国地震局中宣部关于进一步做好防震减灾宣传工作的意见 3 3 3 2 18
5-D-2 中国科学技术协会关于表彰2012年基层科普行动计划先进单位和个人的决定 5 3 1 3 27
......
33-P-3 中国科协科普部关于加强微信科普及辟谣工作的通知 5 3 3 1 11
......
236-D-88 科技部、中央宣传部、中国科协关于印发
《“十四五”国家科学技术普及发展规划》的通知
5 5 5 2 30
237-E-120 科技部办公厅关于配合开展科学技术普及法执法检查工作的通知 3 3 3 2 18
238-D-89 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发
《关于新时代进一步加强科学技术普及工作的意见》
5 5 5 3 45
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268629381661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2012-2022年我国科普政策打分表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编码 政策文件名称 M G P F 政策效力分值
1-E-1 国家税务总局关于鼓励科普事业发展的进口税政策的通知 3 3 1 2 14
2-E-2 科学技术部办公厅关于转发继续执行宣传文化增值税和营业税优惠政策的通知和
关于鼓励科普事业发展的进口税政策的通知的通知
3 3 1 2 14
3-D-1 科学技术部关于印发国家科学技术普及“十二五”专项规划的通知 3 5 3 2 22
4-E-3 中国地震局中宣部关于进一步做好防震减灾宣传工作的意见 3 3 3 2 18
5-D-2 中国科学技术协会关于表彰2012年基层科普行动计划先进单位和个人的决定 5 3 1 3 27
......
33-P-3 中国科协科普部关于加强微信科普及辟谣工作的通知 5 3 3 1 11
......
236-D-88 科技部、中央宣传部、中国科协关于印发
《“十四五”国家科学技术普及发展规划》的通知
5 5 5 2 30
237-E-120 科技部办公厅关于配合开展科学技术普及法执法检查工作的通知 3 3 3 2 18
238-D-89 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发
《关于新时代进一步加强科学技术普及工作的意见》
5 5 5 3 45
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268713267742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Descriptive statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 样本量 最小值 最大值 平均数 标准差 中位数
P 310 2.581 4.610 3.206 0.559 3.801
AYEF 310 12.160 28.462 16.631 5.275 15.285
DYN 310 2.417 10.385 5.326 2.229 5.147
ENV 310 5.363 18.077 9.780 4.176 8.839
PRO 310 0.000 4.417 1.525 1.274 1.402
MEA 310 3.500 4.833 4.211 0.440 4.206
GOA 310 1.880 3.625 2.920 0.651 3.124
FEE 310 1.909 3.462 2.816 0.453 2.878
POW 310 1.182 2.000 1.585 0.263 1.558
GDP 310 1.910 4.761 6.083 3.720 5.160
R&D 310 0.010 1201.152 124.740 164.469 65.984
pl 310 0.382 100.073 13.500 16.135 7.645
peo 310 20.422 104.488 51.662 14.779 14.778
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268805542431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 样本量 最小值 最大值 平均数 标准差 中位数
P 310 2.581 4.610 3.206 0.559 3.801
AYEF 310 12.160 28.462 16.631 5.275 15.285
DYN 310 2.417 10.385 5.326 2.229 5.147
ENV 310 5.363 18.077 9.780 4.176 8.839
PRO 310 0.000 4.417 1.525 1.274 1.402
MEA 310 3.500 4.833 4.211 0.440 4.206
GOA 310 1.880 3.625 2.920 0.651 3.124
FEE 310 1.909 3.462 2.816 0.453 2.878
POW 310 1.182 2.000 1.585 0.263 1.558
GDP 310 1.910 4.761 6.083 3.720 5.160
R&D 310 0.010 1201.152 124.740 164.469 65.984
pl 310 0.382 100.073 13.500 16.135 7.645
peo 310 20.422 104.488 51.662 14.779 14.778
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268876845600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Benchmark regression results for policy effectiveness evaluation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 0.971***
(4.102)
DYN 0.851***
(7.409)
ENV 0.031
(1.263)
PRO 0.021**
(2.308)
MEA 1.348***
(3.313)
GOA 0.301**
(2.172)
FEE 0.530**
(2.441)
POW -0.091
(-0.537)
GDP 1.23*
(1.972)
0.69**
(2.283)
0.67*
(1.986)
R&D 1.24*
(1.976)
0.19**
(2.261)
0.44**
(1.972)
pl 0.364
(1.722)
0.421**
(2.261)
0.301**
(1.972)
peo -0.463
(0.0669)
-0.624
(0.526)
-0.975
(0.142)
常数项 -7.953***
(-6.476)
-4.811***
(-3.646)
-4.812***
(-3.647)
R2 0.821 0.836 0.861
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372268948148769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

政策效果评估的基准回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 0.971***
(4.102)
DYN 0.851***
(7.409)
ENV 0.031
(1.263)
PRO 0.021**
(2.308)
MEA 1.348***
(3.313)
GOA 0.301**
(2.172)
FEE 0.530**
(2.441)
POW -0.091
(-0.537)
GDP 1.23*
(1.972)
0.69**
(2.283)
0.67*
(1.986)
R&D 1.24*
(1.976)
0.19**
(2.261)
0.44**
(1.972)
pl 0.364
(1.722)
0.421**
(2.261)
0.301**
(1.972)
peo -0.463
(0.0669)
-0.624
(0.526)
-0.975
(0.142)
常数项 -7.953***
(-6.476)
-4.811***
(-3.646)
-4.812***
(-3.647)
R2 0.821 0.836 0.861
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269065589282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Robustness check results (1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 1.152***
(5.931)
DYN 0.387***
(2.692)
ENV 0.047
(1.495)
PRO 0.085**
(2.269)
MEA 1.726***
(7.925)
GOA 0.316**
(2.161)
FEE 0.766***
(6.883)
POW 0.020
(0.001)
控制变量 控制 控制 控制
R2 0.831 0.864 0.862
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269157863971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

稳健性结果检验(1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 1.152***
(5.931)
DYN 0.387***
(2.692)
ENV 0.047
(1.495)
PRO 0.085**
(2.269)
MEA 1.726***
(7.925)
GOA 0.316**
(2.161)
FEE 0.766***
(6.883)
POW 0.020
(0.001)
控制变量 控制 控制 控制
R2 0.831 0.864 0.862
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269241750052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Robustness check results (2)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 1.834***
(7.635)
DYN 0.853***
(8.231)
ENV 0.852***
(8.233)
PRO 0.015**
(2.436)
MEA 1.943***
(8.077)
GOA 0.594**
(2.091)
FEE 0.865***
(4.823)
POW 0.315
(0.631)
控制变量 控制 控制 控制
R2 0.842 0.827 0.856
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269325636133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

稳健性结果检验(2)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
AYEF 1.834***
(7.635)
DYN 0.853***
(8.231)
ENV 0.852***
(8.233)
PRO 0.015**
(2.436)
MEA 1.943***
(8.077)
GOA 0.594**
(2.091)
FEE 0.865***
(4.823)
POW 0.315
(0.631)
控制变量 控制 控制 控制
R2 0.842 0.827 0.856
N 310 310 310
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269417910822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Regression results of regional heterogeneity

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
东部 中部 西部 东部 中部 西部 东部 中部 西部
AYEF 2.074***
(5.763)
1.972***
(6.405)
1.342***
(3.310)
DYN 0.753***
(5.314)
1.136***
(9.953)
1.968***
(6.406)
ENV -0.041
(-0.274)
0.159
(1.005)
0.301
(2.172)
PRO -0.112
(-0.464)
0.662**
(2.435)
0.851***
(4.409)
MEA 2.135***
(6.902)
2.123***
(6.033)
2.072***
(5.756)
GOA 0.981***
(3.677)
0.944***
(4.168)
0.972***
(4.101)
FEE 0.188
(1.242)
0.257*
(2.261)
0.387**
(2.692)
POW 0.862
(1.171)
-0.075
(-0.124)
-0.115
(-0.461)
R2 0.900 0.702 0.683 0.917 0.802 0.786 0.742 0.908 0.931
F 10.036* 6.592* 6.391* 7.332*
N 121 88 132 121 88 132 121 88 132
), ArticleFig(id=1315372269497602599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

地区异质性的回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量 模型(3) 模型(4) 模型(5)
东部 中部 西部 东部 中部 西部 东部 中部 西部
AYEF 2.074***
(5.763)
1.972***
(6.405)
1.342***
(3.310)
DYN 0.753***
(5.314)
1.136***
(9.953)
1.968***
(6.406)
ENV -0.041
(-0.274)
0.159
(1.005)
0.301
(2.172)
PRO -0.112
(-0.464)
0.662**
(2.435)
0.851***
(4.409)
MEA 2.135***
(6.902)
2.123***
(6.033)
2.072***
(5.756)
GOA 0.981***
(3.677)
0.944***
(4.168)
0.972***
(4.101)
FEE 0.188
(1.242)
0.257*
(2.261)
0.387**
(2.692)
POW 0.862
(1.171)
-0.075
(-0.124)
-0.115
(-0.461)
R2 0.900 0.702 0.683 0.917 0.802 0.786 0.742 0.908 0.931
F 10.036* 6.592* 6.391* 7.332*
N 121 88 132 121 88 132 121 88 132
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1308396458388586594, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学学研究, nameEn=Studies in Science of Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-2053, eissn=null, cn=11-1805/G3, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Studies in Science of Science, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1789875624512, updatedTime=1789876606404, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Multidisciplinary, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Multidisciplinary, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, picEn=XwgD5UmFTEVSmdnCgvlDZQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1308400576836957147, language=CN, name=科学学研究, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789876606425, updatedTime=1789876606425, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1308400576883094492, language=EN, name=Studies in Science of Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789876606436, updatedTime=1789876606436, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/journalx_kxxyj/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1308397381743640680, websiteList=[Website(id=1308429426446848915, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1308397381743640680, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1789883484708, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1789902368384, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学学研究-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学学研究, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1308508734821851572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1789902393298, updateTime=1789902393298, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734784102833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1789902393289, updateTime=1789902393289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734872183223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393310, updateTime=1789902393310, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734771519920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/file/pic?fileId=DFYjiBGwM+7bU4q3P0DayQ==, createTime=1789902393286, updateTime=1789902393286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734888960441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393314, updateTime=1789902393314, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734809268659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1789902393295, updateTime=1789902393295, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734880571832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902393312, updateTime=1789902393312, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734796685746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1789902393292, updateTime=1789902393292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734834434485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1789902393301, updateTime=1789902393301, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508734851211702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426446848915, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1789902393305, updateTime=1789902393305, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1308429426513957785, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1308397381743640680, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1789883484724, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1789902358215, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学学研究-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Studies in Science of Science, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1308508708242547113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1789902386961, updateTime=1789902386961, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708213186981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1789902386954, updateTime=1789902386954, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708267712940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386967, updateTime=1789902386967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708200604068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/file/pic?fileId=DFYjiBGwM+7bU4q3P0DayQ==, createTime=1789902386951, updateTime=1789902386951, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708280295854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386970, updateTime=1789902386970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708229964199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1789902386959, updateTime=1789902386959, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708271907245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1789902386968, updateTime=1789902386968, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708217381286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1789902386955, updateTime=1789902386955, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708246741418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1789902386962, updateTime=1789902386962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1308508708259324331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1308429426513957785, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1789902386965, updateTime=1789902386965, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学学研究, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://kxxyj.magtechjournal.com/kxxyj, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Studies in Science of Science, journalPhotoCn=f9wd5Gr2r/Af7TJ15O/VGg==, journalPhotoEn=XwgD5UmFTEVSmdnCgvlDZQ==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/Y2026/V44/I2/434, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/Y2026/V44/I2/434, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I2/434, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/EN/PDF/Y2026/V44/I2/434, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1771084800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于“双效”混合方法的我国科普政策评估
收藏切换
PDF下载
刘兰剑 1 , 薛丽 2 , 肖瑶 3
科学学研究 | 前沿与观点 2026,44(2): 434-448
收起
收藏切换
科学学研究 |前沿与观点 2026 , 44 (2) : 434 -448
基于“双效”混合方法的我国科普政策评估
全屏
[Author(id=1315372265890501110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372265957609976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372265890501110, language=EN, stringName=Lan-jian LIU, firstName=Lan-jian, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266024718841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372265890501110, language=CN, stringName=刘兰剑, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018, bio={"content":"

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265626259948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265634648557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265643037166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265626259948, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])]), Author(id=1315372266083439099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266158936573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266083439099, language=EN, stringName=Li XUE, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=XUE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266230239742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266083439099, language=CN, stringName=薛丽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064, bio={"content":"

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265718534639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265726923248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265735311857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265718534639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064)])]), Author(id=1315372266305737216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xiaoyao@mail.zjgsu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266377040386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266305737216, language=EN, stringName=Yao XIAO, firstName=Yao, middleName=null, lastName=XIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1315372266444149251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, authorId=1315372266305737216, language=CN, stringName=肖瑶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372265802420722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265815003635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372265819197940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372263889818081, companyId=1315372265802420722, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])])]
刘兰剑1, 薛丽2, 肖瑶3
作者信息
  • 1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018
  • 2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064
  • 3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018
通讯作者:
肖瑶(1988-),女,副教授, E-mail:。
作者简介:

刘兰剑(1974-),男,教授、博士生导师。

薛丽(2000-),女,硕士研究生。

The evaluation of China's science popularization policy based on the "Dual-Effect" hybrid approach
Lan-jian LIU1, Li XUE2, Yao XIAO3
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
  • 2 College of Humanities, Chang’an University, Xi'an 710064, China
  • 3 School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
出版时间: 2026-02-15
文章导航
收藏切换

公共政策绩效评估是政府部门和学术界长期关注的问题。而多数研究“就文本谈效力”,或“就效果谈效果”,很少有从政策效力到政策效果的完整链条中来审视政策绩效。本文基于“双效”混合方法,以我国科普政策为研究对象,运用2012-2022年31个省级面板数据评估政策效力对政策效果的影响及其机制。研究发现:政策效力对政策效果产生了显著影响;不同类型政策效力水平及效果均因作用对象的差异而呈现出显著差异,动力型政策最优,保护型政策次之,而环境型政策最弱;在政策的4个维度中,政策措施对政策执行效果的影响最大,政策反馈和政策目标次之。因此,政府应进一步加强动力型政策的推动作用,通过修订激励措施,增加动力型政策的供给。并从政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈4个方面提高政策的综合效力及效果。

科普政策  /  效力  /  效果  /  政策评估  /  科学普及

The evaluation of public policies has been a long-standing concern for both the government and academia. However, most studies either focus on the effectiveness of the text or the outcomes rarely examining the complete chain from policy effectiveness to policy outcomes. This paper, based on the "dual effectiveness" mixed method, takes China's science popularization as an example, and uses panel data from 31 provinces from 2012 to 2022 to conduct empirical analysis, systematically investigating impact of policy effectiveness on policy outcomes and its mechanism. The study finds that policy effectiveness has a significant impact on policy outcomes; the level of policy effectiveness and outcomes significantly depending on the target audience, with the highest performance seen in incentive policies, followed by protective policies, and the weakest in environmental policies; among the four dimensions policy, policy measures have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of policy implementation, followed by policy feedback and policy goals. Therefore, the government should further strengthen the driving of incentive policies, improve the efficiency of incentive policy supply through revision of incentive measures. And improve the overall effectiveness and outcome of the policy by enhancing policy measures, goals, policy strength, and policy feedback. The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows:(1) By adopting a "dual-effect" mixed method, it first quantitatively measures the effectiveness of popular science policies, then analyzes the impact of policy effectiveness on policy outcomes, providing a more objective measurement of the validity of policy texts and their influence on actual implementation outcomes;(2) Starting from multiple factors influencing policy implementation outcomes, it comprehensively considers the impact of policy effectiveness, different categories of policy effectiveness, and various policy dimensions on policy execution results, in order to avoid one-sidedness and subjectivity in policy performance evaluation;(3) Using the established policy effectiveness evaluation model as a tool, a more accurate assessment of the implementation effects of different policy documents and policy instruments can be conducted.

science popularization policy  /  effectiveness  /  outcome  /  policy evaluation  /  science popularization
刘兰剑, 薛丽, 肖瑶. 基于“双效”混合方法的我国科普政策评估. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (2) : 434 -448 .
Lan-jian LIU, Li XUE, Yao XIAO. The evaluation of China's science popularization policy based on the "Dual-Effect" hybrid approach[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (2) : 434 -448 .
当前,公共政策的质量已成为各领域发展目标能否有效实现的决定性因素,而科学规范的政策评估对有效提高公共管理水平至关重要[1]。科学技术普及(简称科普)是国家和社会普及科学技术知识、弘扬科学精神、传播科学思想、倡导科学方法的活动,是创新发展的基础[2]。习近平总书记强调,科技创新、科学普及是实现创新发展的两翼,要把科学普及放在与科技创新同等重要的位置[3],党的二十大报告提出要“加强国家科普能力建设”,推动科学普及与科技创新协同发展,提升公民科学素质,为科技自立自强奠定基础[4]。在这一理念指引下,政府制定了诸多科普政策,如《全民科学素质行动计划纲要实施方案(2016-2020年)》和《全民科学素质行动规划纲要(2021-2035年)》等。然而,尽管科普政策数量增加,实际效果仍不理想。据统计,2023年我国公民具备科学素质的比例为14.14%[5],与世界主要发达国家20%至30%的水平仍存在较大差距,还存在科普工作重视不足、地方政府落实不力、科普产品和服务供给不足以及网络伪科普泛滥等问题。这些因素制约了我国科普水平的提升,成为科技实力快速增长的障碍,不利于创新型国家的建设。因此,迫切需要对科普政策的绩效进行客观评估,找出影响科普效果的因素,为优化科普政策设计、提升实施效果、推动科普事业健康发展提供理论依据。
目前,关于政策评估的研究从定性和定量两个方面展开。在定性研究方面,评估的思路主要是对政策文本内容进行解读,梳理政策文本及体系、辨析政策要素及作用,在此基础上形成对政策效力的评估,其实质是依靠经验与主观认识,衡量政策文本内容有效性以及影响力。如张根文通过科普政策文本分析科普政策工具的选择、使用特点与不足之处,并提出相关建议[6]; Taillez研究在向社会传播科学知识的过程中,如何平衡准确性与简化性[7]; Herzog从自然历史博物馆的制度分析出发,理清了科学知识的形成和传播过程[8];刘玉强从政策主体、政策类型、政策力度三个维度对我国科普政策制定主体协同演化进行了研究[9]。在定量研究方面,学者们主要运用各类数量模型对政策绩效进行评估,此类研究遵循严谨的科学逻辑,能够精准估计特定政策的实施效果,评估结果更加客观。如苏淼淼基于熵权灰色关联度法对西藏科普资源进行统计评价并提出政策建议[10];Kong等从政策工具理论的视角出发对中国科普传播途径和方法进行探讨,得出需求型政策工具缺失的结论并提出对策建议[11],还有一些研究评估科普政策对大众传媒发展[12]、科技创新水平[13,14]、应急科普效果[15]、农业技术推广水平[16]、公众数字素养水平[17]、人才队伍建设水平[18]等方面的影响。定量研究的缺陷是大多局限于“就效果而谈效果”的视角,忽视“效果之外”的因素及影响,特别是很少有学者注意到政策文本的效力对政策效果的影响及其因果机制等问题,而事实上,政策效力对政策效果的影响更为关键,是公共政策制定的基本依据。
现有文献已经对科普政策评估做出了探索,为本文的研究奠定了扎实的研究基础。但还存在着以下研究缺口:首先,许多文献运用文本分析法,分析评估科普政策的本文内容,亦或是运用定量方法评估政策执行效果,未能建立起政策文件和政策效果之间的联系桥梁。其次,多数研究局限于“就文本谈效力”或“就效果谈效果”,很少从政策效力到效果的完整链条来审视科普政策的绩效。然而,政策制定与实施效果密不可分,政策制定会影响实施效果,实施效果的优劣也能反馈至政策制定阶段。因此,将政策效力与效果结合进行综合评估,更能客观、科学地解决政策“执行难”和“效果差”的问题。本文旨在突破“就效果谈效果”或“就文本谈效力”的局限,采用“双效”混合方法,进行科普政策绩效的两阶段综合评估,重点探讨政策制定对政策效果的影响。本文的边际贡献体现在:(1)通过“双效”混合方法,定量测度科普政策的效力和效果;(2)综合评判不同类别的政策效力及不同维度的政策效力对政策执行效果的影响,以避免评估中的片面性与主观性;(3)运用所建立的政策效果评估模型,精准评估不同政策文件和工具的执行效果。
政策效力主要用于衡量政策文本内容的有效性与影响力。目前,国内较为广泛应用的政策量化评估模型是彭纪生提出的创新政策评估模型,该模型从政策力度、政策措施和政策目标三个维度进行量化[19],获得了广泛认可。然而,科普政策的复杂性和多样性使得仅从这三个维度不足以全面反映政策执行过程的阶段性成果。基于此,本文借鉴王帮俊等[20]的研究,将“政策反馈”纳入评估模型,构建了一个涵盖政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈四个维度的政策效力测量模型,旨在综合评定科普政策的内容效度与影响力。
(1)政策工具的分类
科普政策首先代表政府的意志,政策的工具性为其首要特征,在进行政策文本效力测量时,有必要按照政策工具的功能差异对政策进行分类,以说明政策的异质性。借鉴林寿富等相关文献[21],本文将科普政策划分为动力型政策、环境型政策和保护型政策三类。其中,动力型政策强调国家以项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励等政策工具赋予科普动力,推动全社会加快科普能力建设;环境型政策则主要指政府通过税收优惠、金融支持、宣传推广、基础设施服务等手段提供良好的政策环境,间接影响并促进科普能力建设;保护型政策则突出政府在知识产权保护、产学研合作、政府直接采购等方面的作用,这类政策可减少科普市场的不确定性,保护全社会稳定地开展科学普及工作。
(2)测量维度与方法
本文从政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈四个维度构建政策文本效力测量模型。其中,政策措施主要指政策提出的处理办法和实施条件,按照具体程度和可操作性进行量化打分;政策目标强调某项政策的具体目标、评价指标以及预期效果,按照政策文本所表达的清晰程度及可衡量性来衡量;政策力度主要用于描述政策的法律效力与行政影响力,依据政策类型和政策颁布机构的行政级别来衡量;政策反馈强调政策执行者在推行政策过程中是否能有效获得目标群体的反馈,按照政策体现出来的反馈机制的合理性以及及时性量化。具体地,各项目测量维度和评分标准如表1所示。
(3)测量模型
在确定了科普政策的措施、目标、力度、反馈四个维度的量化标准后,即可以按照政策类别来建立科普政策的效力评估模型,如式(1)、式(2)所示,以便对每项科普政策的效力进行定量评估。
第i年政策总效力:
$\begin{array}{l}YE{F}_{i}={\sum }_{r=1}^{n1}(ME{A}_{r}^{D}+GO{A}_{r}^{D}+FE{E}_{r}^{D})PO{W}_{r}^{D}+\\ {\sum }_{s=1}^{n2}(ME{A}_{s}^{E}+GO{A}_{s}^{E}+FE{E}_{s}^{E})PO{W}_{s}^{E}+\\ {\sum }_{t=1}^{n3}(ME{A}_{t}^{P}+GO{A}_{t}^{P}+FE{E}_{t}^{P})PO{W}_{t}^{P}\end{array}$
第i年政策平均效力:
$AYE{F}_{i}=\frac{YE{F}_{i}}{n}$
在式(1)中,YEFi表示的是单一年度内政策的总效力,由三类政策得分汇总取得,其中各类政策得分由各项政策的政策措施、政策目标、政策反馈的汇总得分与政策力度相乘获得。由于政策颁布、开始执行会有时滞,政策效力需要在执行中才能体现出来,因此,i为政策开始执行的年份,i∈[2012,2022];n为三类政策总的条目数,n1、n2、n3分别为动力型、环境型和保护型三类政策的条目数;MEA (D,E,P) (r,s,t)表示三类政策分别的政策措施得分,如MEAD r表示第r项动力型政策的政策措施得分;GOA (D,E,P) (r,s,t)表示三类政策分别的政策目标得分,如GOAD r表示第r项动力型政策的政策目标得分;FEE (D,E,P) (r,s,t) 表示三类政策分别的政策反馈得分,如FEED r表示第r项动力型政策的政策反馈得分;POW (D,E,P) (r,s,t)表示三类政策分别的政策力度得分,如POWD r表示第r项动力型政策的政策力度得分。
在式(2)中,AYEFi 表示的是单一年度内政策的平均效力,由式(1)平均求得,n为第i年度政策执行的条目。
科学普及既是生产力水平提高的“加速剂”,也是科研成果转化的“催化剂”。科学技术普及是一个动态的系统,国家科普能力在一定程度上反映了科普政策的执行效果。本文运用回归的方法检验科普政策效力对效果的影响。回归模型表达式为:Y=a0+a1A+X+ω,其中Y表示科普政策的效果,A、X、ω分别表示科普政策效力、控制变量与误差项。
(1)评估模型
政策执行效果可以通过国家科普能力水平来衡量。关于科普能力的定义,根据《关于加强国家科普能力建设的若干意见》将科普能力定义为一个国家向公众提供科普产品和服务的综合实力[22]。国家科普能力是一个系统,其影响因素和结构是多层次的,为了全面反映和评价国家科普能力,本文在参考已有研究[23-25]的基础上,同时考虑人口、GDP、财政支出、信息化等因素,以及各项指标数据的可获得性、完整性和连续性,构建了包括科普人员、科普场地、科普经费、科普传媒和科普活动5个一级指标、下设20个二级指标的国家科普能力评价指标体系,采用无量纲化处理原始数据,并以2012年为基期进行价格平减处理,运用熵权法计算年度科普能力指数(表2)。
同时,为考察整体政策效力对政策效果的影响,本文构建如下模型:
Pit=a0+a1AYEFit+Xit+ωit
政策工具的差异性会影响政策的效果,为考察不同类别政策工具的效果,构建模型:
Pit=b0+b1DYNit+b2ENVit+b3PROit+Xit+ωit
科普不仅受政策效力影响,政策措施、政策力度、政策目标、政策反馈等因素对其影响同样不可小觑,为全面分析影响政策效果的动因,进一步考察各政策维度对科普效果的影响,构建如下模型:
Pit=c0+c1MEAit+c2GOAit+c3FEEit+c4POWit+Xit+ωit
(2)变量指标
①被解释变量:选取科普能力(p)作为被解释变量,即每个省份的国家科普能力指数(表2)。
②核心解释变量:在式(3)中,AYEF表示科普政策的年均效力,由式(2)测算所得;在式(4)中,动力型政策(DYN)、环境型政策(ENV)、保护型政策(PRO)分别表示各类政策的年均效力,结合式(1)、(2)测算所得;在式(5)中,政策措施(MEA)、政策目标(GOA)、政策力度(POW)和政策反馈(FEE)四个维度,通过效力测量模型对各个维度进行量化处理后,取年平均值。
③控制变量:综合前人对科普能力影响因素相关研究,选取以下因素作为控制变量。经济发展水平,经济发展水平通过影响科普投入来影响科普能力,本文用年度每万人GDP水平来衡量;科技投入水平,科研人员参与科学普及即科研与科普相融合成为评价科研人员的一项重要指标,因此,科技投入水平是影响科普能力的重要因素[26],本文用年度每万人R&D经费支出度量;创新水平,本文采用年度每万人专利授权数度量创新水平[27];教育水平,教育水平是影响科普能力的关键因素,本文使用年度每万人高校毕业生人数来衡量。
具体各变量指标如表3所示:
(1)科普政策效力数据来源
本研究以“科学普及”“科学素质”“科学教育”“科普”等为检索词,将政策文本的时间跨度选取为2012-2022年,涉及的分期节点标志性政策事件为“十二五”规划的全面深化落实。通过北大法宝数据库进行政策全文检索,进一步结合《中国科普政策法规汇编(1949-2018)》[28]、《中国科技政策要目概览(1949-2010年)》[29]、《中国科普法律法规与政策汇编(1949-2018)》[30]等政策汇编进行关键政策补充,按照全面性、代表性、重要性等原则,共筛选出科普政策文本238项,并以此作为本研究的分析语料。
为清晰表明政策文本的效力,以“数字1-字母-数字2”格式,按照时间顺序为政策编码,且按照前述政策量化标准为政策打分,结果如表4所示。其中,D、E、P分别表示动力型、环境型和保护型政策。例如1-E-1表示近11年来发布的第1条政策文本,该政策类型隶属于环境型,1表示环境政策中的第1条。
(2)科普政策效果数据来源
本文选取2012-2022年我国大陆地区31个省、直辖市和自治区相关数据为样本,受制于数据的缺失,剔除香港、澳门和台湾三个地区。P变量原始数据来自《中国科普统计》《中国统计年鉴》和各地区统计年鉴; GDP的原始数据来源于《中国财政统计年鉴》和各地区统计年鉴;计算R&D、pl和peo的原始数据来自《中国科技统计年鉴》以及国家统计局、科学技术部、财政部全国科技经费投入统计公报。
由图1可知,2012-2022年我国颁布的科普政策的数量逐年增加,但各年份之间也呈现先上升、后下降、再上升的不稳定“M”态势。2012-2014年,我国颁布的科普政策数量呈现逐步上升趋势,并在2014年迎来了一个小高峰。此后,每隔2-3年,分别在 2016、2018和2021年,科普政策均迎来一个发布小规模高峰期。其中,2016年,国务院在颁布《“十三五”国家科技创新规划的通知》之后,又紧锣密鼓地发布了《全民科学素质行动计划纲要实施方案(2016-2020年)的通知》等文件。2018年的政策发布则集中于一系列的环境型和动力型政策,包括《中国科协科普部关于组织实施科普中国共建基地项目的通知》《财政部税务总局关于延续宣传文化增值税优惠政策的通知》等文件。2021年是“十四五”规划的开局之年,党中央及各部委制定了一系列助推科普事业发展的政策文件,包括《国务院关于印发全民科学素质行动规划纲要(2021-2035年)的通知》、中国科协关于印发《中国科协科普发展规划(2021-2025年)》的通知等。
从图1各类政策发布的数量占比来看,动力型、环境型与保护型三类政策占比在各个年份中均呈现不均衡状态。其中,保护型政策仅在2015年占比超过20%,其他年份占比均较低,在2012年及2014年为0;环境型政策占比均超过33%;动力型政策则介于上述两者之间。
从科普政策年总效力测量结果来看,受政策数量累积效应的影响,2012-2022年科普政策年总效力与政策数量变化演变趋势基本一致,随着政策数量的提高而提高,在政策数量的最高点,政策年总效力也基本达到最高值。从各类政策年总效力来看,环境型政策因在三类政策中占比较高,对各年总政策效力的贡献均较大(图2)。
从科普政策年均效力测量结果来看,政策年均效力在2012-2022年间并不高,均值为16.39,原因可能在于政策制定者对政策文本效力重视程度不够。具体到各类政策的年均效力测量结果,分值从高到低分别为环境型、动力型和保护型,但三类政策年均效力未超过10,表明这三类政策措施的实际可操作性、目标的设定、反馈的跟踪推进等较弱,未能为政策执行者带来显著的资源效应(图3)。
为进一步分析政策年均效力偏低的原因,分别对政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈四个维度的得分进行测量。结果如图4所示,政策措施、政策目标平均得分明显高于政策反馈与政策力度。2012-2022年间,政策力度平均得分较低,很大原因在于我国政策大多为各部委颁布的意见、办法、方案、指南、暂行规定、细则、条件、标准以及各种通知、指南等,国务院或全国人大颁布的法律法规很少,使得政策力度整体得分偏低,这也是政策平均效力较低的主要原因;政策反馈得分次之,政策反馈11年间的得分均不稳定。这说明我国科普政策反馈不足,对于出现的问题未能及时进行调整。政策反馈作为政策分析中重要的一环,强调政策执行者在推行政策过程中是否能有效获得目标群体的反馈,一旦政策反馈不足,会造成政策措施和结果脱节现象;政策措施与目标得分较高,且政策措施得分高于政策目标,说明我国政府对于一项政策具体如何贯彻落实虽能出具较为详细的规定,但缺乏可度量的目标,使得政策执行时的压力与动力不足,未引起我国科普工作者的足够重视,这也是政策平均效力偏低的原因之一。
科普政策效果可以通过国家科普能力水平来衡量。在使用熵权法计算得出年度科普能力指数的基础上,运用回归的方法检验科普政策效力对科普政策效果的影响。为进一步考察政策工具差异性、政策维度差异性对科普政策效果影响的差异,本文构建了三类回归模型,较为全面地探讨了影响科普政策效果的诸多因素。
在政策效力测量的基础上,为全面考察整体政策效力对政策执行效果的影响,统计各省份国家科普能力值、GDP水平、R&D经费支出、专利授权数和高等院校毕业生人数。数据来源于《中国科普统计》《中国统计年鉴》和《中国科技年鉴》。数据时间范围为2012-2022年,总计有效样本量为310个,具体如表5所示。考虑到各变量之间单位差异显著,在进行面板数据分析前,对各个变量均做对数化处理。其中P代表国家科普能力指数,AYEE代表科普政策综合年均效力,DYN、ENV、PRO分别代表三类科普政策的年均效力,MEA、GOA、FEE、POW分别代表科普政策四类维度的年均效力,GDP、R&D、pl、peo为控制变量,分别代表经济发展水平、科研能力水平、创新水平和教育水平。
模型进行Hausman检验可知,固定效应FE模型比随机效应RE模型更优,因此选择固定效应FE模型进行分析,最终结果如表6所示。
模型(3)、模型(4)、模型(5)检验了科普政策效力对效果的直接影响,结果显示整体政策效力、政策工具和政策各维度对科普政策效果均存在明显的正向促进作用,估计系数依次为0.971、0.851、1.348,且至少在1%水平上显著。
由表6模型(3)的回归结果可知,模型R2为0.821,意味着政策年均效力、经济发展水平、科研能力水平、创新水平和教育水平支出可以解释我国国家科普能力82.1%的变化原因。其中,政策年均效力(AYEF)的回归系数0.971(t=4.102,p<0.01),意味着政策年均效力对科普能力产生了显著的正向影响。
由表6模型(4)的回归结果可知,模型R2为0.836,动力型政策(DYN)、环境型政策(ENV)、保护型政策(PRO)的回归系数分别为0.851、0.031和0.021,且动力型政策和保护型政策系数均通过了显著性检验,但环境型政策未通过。这意味着不同类型的政策工具会对政策的执行效果产生不同影响。相比于环境型政策和保护型政策,动力型政策的政策产出效果更好,它着力于项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励等直接性的补助,能够带来更直接的、更为有效的政策产出,影响力度最大;保护型政策的影响力度次之,而环境型政策的政策产出效果不显著,原因可能在于环境型政策侧重于为税收优惠、金融支持、宣传推广、基础设施服务等科普环境改善方面的服务,其带来的效果较为间接。
由表6模型(5)的回归结果可知,模型R2为0.861,政策措施(MEA)的回归系数1.348,且通过显著性检验,意味着政策措施对国家科普能力提升能够产生正向影响,它通过一系列项目资助、财政补贴、科普人才奖励、宣传推广、考核评估、人才培养等举措持续形成了促进科普高质量发展的推动力量。政策目标(GOA)的回归系数为0.301,且通过显著性检验,意味着政策目标可以部分解释科普能力水平。政策反馈(FEE)的回归系数为0.530,且通过显著性检验,意味着政策反馈也会对科普能力水平产生影响。政策力度(POW)的回归系数为-0.091,系数非常小且未通过显著性检验,意味着政策力度对科普能力水平未产生显著性影响,这可能是由于我国科普政策的级别普遍不高,以全国人民代表大会、国务院等为主体颁布的法律、规划、纲要较少,政策效力不足。再者,政策制定者在制定政策时,对于政策颁布的时机和力度把握不够,实施过程中缺少与力度相关的可参考标准,这也使得不同地区的政策实施部门对政策的力度缺乏直接的感知。
为了确保本文研究结果的准确性,将利用滞后效应与交互项检验两种方法进行稳健性分析。
(1)滞后效应检验
前文已经从整体政策效力、政策工具和政策各维度检验科普政策效力对效果的影响,考虑到科普政策效力对效果的影响具有滞后性,现将解释变量与控制变量取滞后一阶形式,结果如表7所示:整体政策效力、政策工具和政策各个维度对科普政策效果的影响符号与前文基准估计的结果(表6)完全一致,表明在研究样本期间内,动力型政策(DYN)、保护型政策(PRO)、政策措施(MEA)、政策目标(GOA)、政策反馈(FEE)促进国家科普能力的提升,而环境型政策(ENV)、政策力度(POW)未能显著提升国家科普能力,再次验证了检验结果的稳健性。
(2)交互项检验
接下来用交互项检验的方法进行稳健性检验以确保回归模型结果的可靠性。在基础回归部分,本文采用了固定效应模型来消除不可预测因素,但出于多维度研究样本的考虑,进一步采用地区×时间的交互固定效应来进行稳健性检验,以消除多个层面的不可观测因素。稳健性检验结果如表8所示,结果均验证了前述研究结果的稳健性。
我国的省(市)自治区可以按照区位划分为东部、中部和西部,因经济社会发展水平不同,这三类地区在落实科普政策、推进国家科普能力水平方面存在差异。为进一步考察科普政策效力对于政策执行效果影响的地区异质性,本文将31个省(市)自治区(因数据缺失剔除了港、澳、台三个地区)划分为中部、西部和东部三组进行回归,结果如表9所示。
针对模型(3),东部、中部和西部地区的政策年均效力(AYEF)均能对国家科普能力提升产生显著的正向作用,且Zou检验结果为F(4,409)=10.036,p=0.000<0.05,意味着三组回归模型的回归系数呈现出显著性差异。
针对模型(4),三类政策的年均效力在政策效果的影响方面呈现显著差异。以保护型政策(PRO)为例,对于中部地区和西部地区来说,保护型政策效力能显著影响国家科普能力提升,但东部地区则没有。另外,Zou检验结果为F(6,314)=6.592,p=0.000<0.05,意味着地区异质性会对模型带来结构性变化。
针对模型(5),四个维度的年均效力在政策效果方面呈现显著差异。以政策反馈(FEE)为例,对于中部地区和西部地区来说,政策反馈能显著影响国家科普能力提升,但东部地区则没有。Zou检验结果为F(7,403)=7.332,p=0.000<0.05,同样说明地区异质性会对模型带来结构性变化的影响。整体来看,政策对中部和西部地区的影响效果较强,对东部地区的影响效果较弱。可见,经济发展水平较高的区域其科普能力建设的自觉性会加强,对政策驱动因素的依赖性较小,而对中西部落后地区而言,政策的引导和激励效应明显优于东部,因此,更要注重加大对落后区域的科普政策效力的投入水平。
本文试图跳出“就效果而谈效果”的局限,将政策效果向前延伸至政策制定阶段,运用“双效”混合方法对我国科普政策绩效及其影响因素与影响机制进行分析。研究发现:(1)2012-2022年间我国政府引导科普的政策发布数量整体波动较大,政策整体效力受政策数量驱动影响,二者呈同方向变动且波动大。但政策年均效力变化平稳且分值不高;从影响政策效力的四个维度来看,政策措施效力水平最高,但政策力度、政策目标以及政策反馈不足使得政策年均效力不高;(2)我国的科普政策工具丰富多样,各类功能性政策工具常常交替混合使用,但不同类型的政策工具由于作用对象的差异,表现出不同的效力。动力型与保护型政策工具更具体、目标更明确、反馈更及时,使得它们的平均效力高于环境型政策工具;(3)政策效力显著影响到政策的效果,且不同类型政策工具的效力对政策效果的影响有显著差异。动力型政策的执行效果最优,保护型政策次之,而环境型政策的执行效果最弱;从政策四个维度对政策执行效果的影响来看,政策措施的影响最大,政策反馈、政策目标次之,而政策力度的影响不显著。
基于上述研究,本文提出以下建议:
第一,进一步放大动力型政策的推动作用,通过制定具体的激励措施,增加动力型政策供给。研究表明,有具体激励措施的动力型政策效果更优,对实现科普高质量发展有明显的推动作用。应为动力型政策配套规范的运行机制,保障政策顺畅落地;针对保护型政策,要在加强知识产权保护的同时,注重对科普提供更多的兜底政策,为公众提供更好的科普学习通道;同时,探索建立科普信息质量审查机制,净化网络科普生态、打击传播伪科普信息行为,杜绝假借科普名义的网络销售现象,鼓励科研人员源源不断地创作高质量科普作品,以普及科学知识,提高公民科学素质等。针对环境型政策,要精准建立健全法律法规、金融财政政策、税收政策等保障体系建设,积极搭建政策协同保障机制,发挥多主体优势,推进科普的协同网络建设。
第二,从政策措施、政策目标、政策力度和政策反馈等四个环节来提高政策的综合效力及其带来的政策效果。提高政策措施的针对性、可操作性和可行性,使用鼓励号召等工具,如加强对群众的宣传发动工作,吸引社会公众关注科普政策并介入政策制定过程,以提高政策实施效果;调整政策目标的聚焦点,加强政策目标的可衡量性,将政策目标分阶段量化,保证各项目标的均衡落实;通过更高权力机构发布科普政策以提高政策力度;改进政策跟踪监管的力度,增加惩罚措施、劝诫工具的使用,起到警示作用,从而提高科普工作效率。
第三,提升科普政策参与主体的多元性。科普是一项涉及面极广的战略性工程,需要政府、高校、社会组织及科研院所等主体的共同参与治理。在政策制定时需兼顾不同主体的权益,通过税收优惠、财政补助、荣誉表彰等多种方式调动多元主体的积极性。其次,作为科普服务的主要作用对象,科普受众和科普工作者应及时向政策制定部门反馈社会需求,以确保科普政策供需相匹配,提升政策的精准度。
  • 国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AGL002)
  • 浙江省软科学研究计划重大项目(2025C15019)
  • 教育部人文社会科学一般项目(24YJA630107)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
贠杰. 公共政策评估的制度基础与基本范式[J]. 管理世界, 2023, 39 (1): 128-38.
Yun J. The institutional foundation and basic paradigm of public policy evaluation[J]. Management World, 2023, 39(1): 128-138.
[2]
中国政府网. 中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于新时代进一步加强科学技术普及工作的意见》[EB/OL]. 2022-09-04, https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm
State Council of China. General Office of the CPC Central Committee and General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology in the New Era."[EB/OL]. 2022-09-04, https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-09/04/content_5708260.htm
[3]
新华社. 新华时评:让创新和科普两翼齐飞[EB/OL]. 2016, https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm
Xinhua News Agency. Xinhua Commentary: Let Innovation and Popular Science Both Soar[EB/OL]. 2016, https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-06/01/content_5078735.htm
[4]
新华网. 习近平:高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗——在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告[EB/OL]. 2023-02-07, http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm. http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm
Xinhuanet. Xi Jinping:Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Unite to Strive for the Comprehensive Construction of a Modern Socialist Country - Report at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China[EB/OL]. 2023-02-07, http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm. http://www.news.cn/politics/cpc20/2022-10/25/c_1129079429.htm
[5]
中国政府网. 14.14%!我国公民科学素质水平新增长[EB/OL]. 2024-04-16, https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm. https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm
State Council of China. 14.14%! The New Growth in the Scientific Literacy of Chinese Citizens[EB/OL]. 2024-04-16, https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm. https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202404/content_6945626.htm
[6]
张根文, 都江堰. 政策工具视角下我国科普政策研究——基于2000—2021年政策的文本分析[J]. 科普研究, 2023, 18 (2): 9-18,110.
Zhang G W, Du J Y. Research on China's popular science policies from the perspective of policy tools—A textual analysis of policies from 2000 to 2021[J]. Popular Science Research, 2023, 18(2): 9-18,110.
[7]
Taillez D. Dissemination of scientific knowledge to the society: Balance between accuracy and simplification[C]. Proceedings of the XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022):International Symposium on Value Adding and Innovation Management in the 1380, F, 2022.
[8]
Herzog L. Institutional Analysis of a Natural History Museum: Formation and dissemination of scientific knowledge[R]. Theses and Dissertations Paper, 2011.
[9]
刘玉强, 单孟丽, 张思光. 我国科普政策制定主体协同演化研究——基于1994—2020年政策文本的分析[J]. 科普研究, 2022, 17 (3): 62-71,108.
Liu Y Q, Shan M L, Zhang S G. Research on the collaborative evolution of main bodies in the formulation of China's popular science policies: Based on the analysis of policy texts from 1994 to 2020[J]. Popular Science Research, 2022, 17(3): 62-71,108.
[10]
苏淼淼, 林可, 陈莎莎. 基于熵权灰色关联度的西藏科普资源统计评价研究[J]. 西藏科技, 2021 (6): 10-4,8.
Su M M, Lin K, Chen S S. Research on the statistical evaluation of popular science resources in Tibet based on entropy weight and grey relational degree[J]. Tibet Science and Technology, 2021 (6): 10-4,8.
[11]
Kong D Y. An Analysis of Popular Science Policy in China Based on the Policy Instrument Perspective[C]. proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science, F 2014/08, Atlantis Press, 2014.
[12]
卫夏雯, 祝叶华, 韩晓宁, 等. 我国科普期刊微信视频号传播能力与策略研究[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2024, 35 (2): 143-52.
Wei X W, Zhu Y H, Han X N, et al. Research on the dissemination ability and strategies of popular science journals on WeChat video accounts in China[J]. China Science and Technology Journal Research, 2024, 35(2): 143-152.
[13]
董纪昌, 祝魏玮, 张超, 等. 科学传播模式演变与科技创新交互机制的探析和思考[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2024, 39 (2): 358-66.
Dong J C, Zhu W W, Zhang C, et al. Evolution of scientific communication models and the interactive mechanism of technological innovation: Analysis and reflection[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2024, 39(2): 358-366.
[14]
张娜, 邱银忠, 宋晓阳, 等. 大科普生态系统构建模式与机制:广东科学中心创新实践视角[J]. 科技管理研究, 2023, 43 (14): 234-40.
Zhang N, Qiu Y Z, Song X Y, et al. Construction models and mechanisms of the large-scale popular science ecosystem: Innovation practices from the Guangdong Science Center perspective[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2023, 43(14): 234-240.
[15]
张瑞芳, 闫晓美, 刘敏娟, 等. 地震科技期刊承担防震减灾科普的困境及实现途径[J]. 科技与出版, 2024 (2): 87-93.
Zhang R F, Yan X M, Liu M j, et al. The dilemmas and solutions of seismic technology journals in undertaking earthquake prevention and disaster reduction popular science[J]. Science and Technology and Publishing, 2024 (2): 87-93.
[16]
朱姿伊, 金兼斌. 创新农业科技推广模式:科学资本视角下科技特派员制度解析——以南平市菌草业的科技特派员实践为例[J]. 科普研究, 2023, 18 (6): 60-9,97-8.
Zhu Z Y, Jin J B. Innovation of agricultural technology promotion models: Analysis of the science and technology commissioner system from the perspective of scientific capital—A case study of the technology commissioner practices in the Mushroom-Grass industry in Nanping City[J]. Popular Science Research, 2023, 18(6): 60-69,97-98.
[17]
李红林, 何薇, 胡俊平, 等. 世界公众数字素养与技能测评的发展述评[J]. 科普研究, 2022, 17 (6): 15-24,108.
Li H L, He W, Hu J P, et al. Review of the development of global public digital literacy and skills assessments[J]. Popular Science Research, 2022, 17(6): 15-24,108.
[18]
袁梦飞, 周建中. 关于新时代科普人才队伍建设的研究与思考[J]. 科普研究, 2021, 16 (6): 18-24,112-3.
Yuan M F, Zhou J Z. Research and reflection on the construction of the popular science talent team in the New Era[J]. Popular Science Research, 2021, 16(6): 18-24,112-113.
[19]
彭纪生, 仲为国, 孙文祥. 政策测量、政策协同演变与经济绩效:基于创新政策的实证研究[J]. 管理世界, 2008 (9): 25-36.
Peng J S, Zhong W G, Sun W X. Policy measurement, policy coordination evolution, and economic performance: An empirical study based on innovation policies[J]. Management World, 2008 (9): 25-36.
[20]
王帮俊, 朱荣. 产学研协同创新政策效力与政策效果评估——基于中国2006-2016年政策文本的量化分析[J]. 软科学, 2019, 33 (3): 30-5,44.
Wang B J, Zhu R. Policy effectiveness and evaluation of industry-academia-research collaborative innovation policies—A quantitative analysis of policy texts from China, 2006-2016[J]. Soft Science, 2019, 33(3): 30-35,44.
[21]
林寿富, 王招治. 中国企业技术创新政策的效力测度与执行效果评估[J]. 东南学术, 2024 (1): 151-164.
Lin S F, Wang Z Z. Effectiveness measurement and evaluation of China's corporate technology innovation policies[J]. Southeast Academic Journal, 2024 (1): 151-164.
[22]
中国政府网. 关于加强国家科普能力建设的若干意见[EB/OL]. 2008-02-05, https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm. https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm
State Council of China. Several Opinions on Strengthening National Popular Science Capability Building. [EB/OL]. 2008-02-05, https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm. https://www.gov.cn/ztzl/kjfzgh/content_883813.htm
[23]
何丽. 地区企业科普能力指标体系构建和评价实证研究[J]. 科研管理, 2016, 37(S1): 690-5.
He L. Empirical research on the construction and evaluation of regional enterprise popular science capability indicator system[J]. Science and Technology Management, 2016, 37(S1): 690-695.
[24]
李婷. 地区科普能力指标体系的构建及评价研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2011 (7): 12-7.
Li T. Research on the construction and evaluation of regional popular science capability indicator systems[J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2011 (7): 12-17.
[25]
佟贺丰, 刘润生, 张泽玉. 地区科普力度评价指标体系构建与分析[J]. 中国软科学, 2008 (12): 54-60.
Tong H F, Liu R S, Zhang Z Y. Construction and analysis of the regional popular science effort evaluation indicator system[J]. China Soft Science, 2008 (12): 54-60.
[26]
王大鹏, 黄荣丽, 陈玲. 科研与科普结合历史视角下我国科研人员科普能力建设思考[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2020, 35 (11): 1390-1397.
Wang D P, Huang R L, Chen L. Reflection on the construction of scientific popularization ability of research personnel in China from the historical perspective of the integration of scientific research and popular science[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2020, 35(11): 1390-1397.
[27]
赵宇星. 高校图书馆知识产权科普工作创新与实践——以华南理工大学为例[J]. 中国高校科技, 2020(S1): 21-4.
Zhao Y X. Innovation and practice of intellectual property popularization work in university libraries—A case study of South China University of Technology[J]. China Higher Education Science and Technology, 2020 (S1): 21-24.
[28]
李群, 刘涛. 城镇劳动人口科学素质及影响因素——以京津沪渝湘川为例[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2017 (5): 114-9,43.
Li Q, Liu T. Scientific literacy of urban labor force and its influencing factors—A case study of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hunan, and Sichuan[J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2017 (5): 114-119,43.
[29]
中国科普研究所. 中国科普政策法规汇编 1949-2018 上[M]. 北京: 中国法制出版社, 2019.
China Popular Science Research Institute. Compilation of China’s Popular Science Policies and Regulations 1949-2018 Vol. I[M]. Beijing: China Legal Publishing House, 2019.
[30]
苏竣, 黄萃, 肖尤丹, 等. 中国科技政策要目概览 1949-2010年[M]. 北京: 科学技术文献出版社, 2012.
Su J, Huang C, Xiao Y D, et al. Overview of China’s Science and Technology Policies 1949-2010[M]. Beijing: Science and Technology Literature Press, 2012.
[31]
科技部政策法规与监督司编. 中国科普法律法规与政策汇编 1994-2018[M]. 北京: 科学技术文献出版社, 2018.
Department of Policy, Regulation and Supervision, Ministry of Science and Technology. Compilation of China’s Popular Science Laws, Regulations, and Policies 1994-2018[M]. Beijing: Science and Technology Literature Press, 2018.
2026年第44卷第2期
PDF下载
55
27
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2024-09-24
  • 首发时间:2026-10-09
  • 出版时间:2026-02-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-24
  • 修回日期:2025-02-24
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AGL002)
浙江省软科学研究计划重大项目(2025C15019)
教育部人文社会科学一般项目(24YJA630107)
作者信息
    1 浙江工商大学公共管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018
    2 长安大学人文学院, 陕西西安 710064
    3 浙江工商大学工商管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018

通讯作者:

肖瑶(1988-),女,副教授, E-mail:。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxxyj/CN/1315372263889818081
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏