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Article(id=1315372182939751147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1728057600000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-05, revisedDate=1733673600000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791538766846, onlineDateStr=2026-10-09, pubDate=1771084800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791538766846, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791538766845, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791538766845, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1315372180473496558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='225', pageEnd='448', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771084800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791538766258, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791538833264, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315372461596725883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315372461596725884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1315372180473496558, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=410, endPage=420, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315372183191409388, articleId=1315372182939751147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=The empowerment mechanism of digital technology application on the growth of SMEs: The mediating effect of the “SRDI” strategic orientation, columnId=1309226375089840648, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Frontiers and Opinions, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the driving force of innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic development in China. In the era of digital economy, with the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy, data resources have become the key for SMEs to gain competitive advantages. In practice, some SMEs have seized the opportunities of the times and achieved rapid development through digital transformation, but more SMEs still face significant challenges in the process of digitization, with phenomena such as reluctance, inability, and fear of digital transformation being widespread. At the same time, in the face of complex and volatile market, technology, and institutional environment, the “specialized, refined, differentiated, and innovative (SRDI)” development path is considered an important strategic pathway for high-quality growth of SMEs in China. Existing studies have attempted to explore the impact and boundary conditions of the digital economy on the growth of “SRDI” SMEs, confirming that the business environment has a synergistic effect on the digital economy to enhance the cultivation effectiveness of “SRDI” SMEs. However, most existing studies focus on the macro-level influence of the digital economy on the development of “SRDI” SMEs, without delving into the micro-level analysis of the role of digital technology application, nor examining the internal mechanisms and boundary conditions by which the digital technology application drives the “SRDI” development of SMEs. Therefore, based on the theory of firm endogenous growth mechanism, this paper constructs a theoretical framework of the process by which the application of digital technology empowers the growth of SMEs, and uses questionnaire survey data for empirical analysis to reveal the internal mechanisms and key contexts of the aforementioned process, namely how the application of digital technology promotes enterprise growth by enhancing the “SRDI” strategic orientation of SMEs, as well as the moderating effect of external market conditions (intensity of market competition) and SMEs’ ability to acquire ecosystem resources (acquisition of ecosystem resource). Empirical analysis reveals that the digital technology application can promote the growth of SMEs, and this promotion is achieved by strengthening their “SRDI” strategic orientation. However, the impact of digital technology application on SMEs’ “SRDI” strategic orientation is moderated by external market conditions and the SMEs’ ability to acquire ecosystem resources. Specifically, the more intense the market competition or the easier the access to ecosystem resources, the weaker the impact of digital technology application on the “SRDI” strategic orientation. The theoretical contributions of this paper mainly include: First, by focusing on the impact of digital technology application on the growth of SMEs, this paper enriches the research on the driving factors of SME growth. Second, from a strategic perspective, this paper reveals the internal mechanism by which digital technology application empowers the growth of SMEs. Lastly, this paper identifies the important situational factors for the promotion of “SRDI” development of SMEs through the application of digital technology. This paper also makes some practical contributions: First, SMEs in the era of digital economy can embark on the path of “SRDI” development by actively applying digital technologies. Second, SMEs that adhere to the “SRDI” strategic orientation should not blindly pursue digital transformation but should consider it strategically.

, authors=Ai-qi WU1, Yi-ke WU2, authorsList=Ai-qi WU, Yi-ke WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yi-ke WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315372183539536621, articleId=1315372182939751147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=数字技术应用对中小企业成长的赋能机制——专精特新战略导向的中介效应, columnId=1309226375303750154, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=前沿与观点, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

在数字经济时代,走专精特新发展道路是我国中小企业高质量成长的重要战略路径。本研究基于企业内生成长理论,探索数字技术应用赋能中小企业成长的内在机制和边界条件。实证分析发现,数字技术应用能够促进中小企业成长,该促进作用通过增强中小企业专精特新战略导向实现;数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的影响程度,会受到外部市场环境和企业生态资源获取能力的影响,即当市场竞争越激烈或生态资源获取越容易时,数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用越弱。研究结论丰富了数字经济时代企业内生成长理论,有助于指导中小企业开展数字化建设和实现持续健康成长。

, authors=邬爱其1, 吴轶珂2, authorsList=邬爱其, 吴轶珂, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=吴轶珂, authorNote=

邬爱其(1975-),男,教授、博士生导师。

, correspAuthorsNote=
吴轶珂(1993-),女,讲师,E-mail:。
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邬爱其(1975-),男,教授、博士生导师。

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Journal of Business Venturing, 2003, 18(2): 189-216., articleTitle=Arriving at the high-growth firm, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1315372187972915984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, awardId=72332005, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金重点项目(72332005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1315372188077773585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, awardId=LQ23G020001, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ23G020001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1315372183904441070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372183912829679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, companyId=1315372183904441070, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372183921218288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, companyId=1315372183904441070, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310058)]), AuthorCompany(id=1315372183975744241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372183979938546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, companyId=1315372183975744241, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Management, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1315372183984132851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, companyId=1315372183975744241, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 浙江财经大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1315372187163415304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient of variables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.企业成长 1
2.企业年龄 -0.185*** 1
3.企业规模 -0.203*** 0.481*** 1
4.上年营收 -0.189*** 0.389*** 0.650*** 1
5.研发强度 0.114* -0.209*** -0.117** -0.391*** 1
6.是否出口 -0.098* 0.182*** 0.255*** 0.180*** -0.138** 1
7.制造业 -0.184*** 0.295*** 0.164** 0.256*** -0.379*** 0.365***
8.数字技术应用 0.116** 0.047 0.121** 0.037 -0.045 0.053
9.专精特新战略导向 0.124** 0.030 0.068 -0.059 0.136** 0.103*
10.市场竞争程度 -0.070 -0.018 -0.067 -0.043 -0.050 -0.021
11.生态资源获取 0.075 0.086 0.099* 0.100* -0.016 0.106*
均值 0.132 1.088 2.024 3.914 0.089 0.610
标准差 0.421 0.259 0.424 0.686 0.190 0.376
7 8 9 10 11
7.制造业 1
8.数字技术应用 0.021 1
9.专精特新战略导向 0.098* 0.270*** 1
10.市场竞争程度 -0.022 -0.104* 0.050 1
11.生态资源获取 0.073 0.067 0.344*** 0.307*** 1
均值 0.830 5.681 5.623 4.518 4.548
标准差 0.376 3.099 1.053 1.078 1.055
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187259884297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

描述性统计和相关性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.企业成长 1
2.企业年龄 -0.185*** 1
3.企业规模 -0.203*** 0.481*** 1
4.上年营收 -0.189*** 0.389*** 0.650*** 1
5.研发强度 0.114* -0.209*** -0.117** -0.391*** 1
6.是否出口 -0.098* 0.182*** 0.255*** 0.180*** -0.138** 1
7.制造业 -0.184*** 0.295*** 0.164** 0.256*** -0.379*** 0.365***
8.数字技术应用 0.116** 0.047 0.121** 0.037 -0.045 0.053
9.专精特新战略导向 0.124** 0.030 0.068 -0.059 0.136** 0.103*
10.市场竞争程度 -0.070 -0.018 -0.067 -0.043 -0.050 -0.021
11.生态资源获取 0.075 0.086 0.099* 0.100* -0.016 0.106*
均值 0.132 1.088 2.024 3.914 0.089 0.610
标准差 0.421 0.259 0.424 0.686 0.190 0.376
7 8 9 10 11
7.制造业 1
8.数字技术应用 0.021 1
9.专精特新战略导向 0.098* 0.270*** 1
10.市场竞争程度 -0.022 -0.104* 0.050 1
11.生态资源获取 0.073 0.067 0.344*** 0.307*** 1
均值 0.830 5.681 5.623 4.518 4.548
标准差 0.376 3.099 1.053 1.078 1.055
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187326993162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Regression analysis results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6 模型7 模型8
企业
成长		 专精特新
战略导向		 企业
成长		 企业
成长		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.020**
(0.008)		 0.098***
(0.019)		 0.015*
(0.008)		 0.094***
(0.019)		 0.090***
(0.018)
专精特新战略导向 0.062***
(0.024)		 0.050**
(0.025)
市场竞争程度 0.073
(0.059)		 0.107*
(0.056)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.038**
(0.018)
生态资源获取 0.332***
(0.055)		 0.322***
(0.053)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.030*
(0.017)
企业年龄 -0.096
(0.111)		 0.108
(0.273)		 -0.103
(0.111)		 -0.099
(0.110)		 0.012
(0.280)		 0.077
(0.267)		 -0.034
(0.264)		 0.013
(0.253)
企业规模 -0.069
(0.092)		 0.180
(0.222)		 -0.068
(0.091)		 -0.080
(0.091)		 0.306
(0.231)		 0.202
(0.221)		 0.310
(0.217)		 0.179
(0.210)
上年营收 -0.113
(0.072)		 -0.166
(0.177)		 -0.102
(0.072)		 -.0103
(0.072)		 -0.175
(0.184)		 -0.145
(0.176)		 -0.244
(0.171)		 -0.197
(0.165)
研发强度 0.005
(0.149)		 1.146***
(0.369)		 -0.068
(0.150)		 -0.045
(0.150)		 0.979**
(0.379)		 1.120***
(0.362)		 0.865**
(0.354)		 1.004***
(0.342)
是否出口 -0.015
(0.055)		 0.108
(0.136)		 -0.022
(0.055)		 -0.022
(0.055)		 0.159
(0.139)		 0.139
(0.132)		 0.096
(0.131)		 0.090
(0.126)
制造业 -0.108
(0.077)		 0.369*
(0.192)		 -0.135*
(0.077)		 -0.127
(0.077)		 0.363*
(0.194)		 0.338**
(0.185)		 0.353*
(0.183)		 0.353**
(0.176)
常数项 0.817***
(0.198)		 4.747***
(0.482)		 0.573**
(0.232)		 0.574**
(0.231)		 4.851***
(0.613)		 4.652***
(0.489)		 4.407***
(0.510)		 5.053***
(0.457)
R2 0.100 0.126 0.103 0.113 0.058 0.152 0.163 0.238
Adj. R2 0.078 0.105 0.080 0.088 0.035 0.124 0.142 0.213
F 4.439*** 6.070*** 4.563*** 4.441*** 2.463** 5.517*** 7.757*** 9.605***
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187423462155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

回归分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6 模型7 模型8
企业
成长		 专精特新
战略导向		 企业
成长		 企业
成长		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.020**
(0.008)		 0.098***
(0.019)		 0.015*
(0.008)		 0.094***
(0.019)		 0.090***
(0.018)
专精特新战略导向 0.062***
(0.024)		 0.050**
(0.025)
市场竞争程度 0.073
(0.059)		 0.107*
(0.056)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.038**
(0.018)
生态资源获取 0.332***
(0.055)		 0.322***
(0.053)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.030*
(0.017)
企业年龄 -0.096
(0.111)		 0.108
(0.273)		 -0.103
(0.111)		 -0.099
(0.110)		 0.012
(0.280)		 0.077
(0.267)		 -0.034
(0.264)		 0.013
(0.253)
企业规模 -0.069
(0.092)		 0.180
(0.222)		 -0.068
(0.091)		 -0.080
(0.091)		 0.306
(0.231)		 0.202
(0.221)		 0.310
(0.217)		 0.179
(0.210)
上年营收 -0.113
(0.072)		 -0.166
(0.177)		 -0.102
(0.072)		 -.0103
(0.072)		 -0.175
(0.184)		 -0.145
(0.176)		 -0.244
(0.171)		 -0.197
(0.165)
研发强度 0.005
(0.149)		 1.146***
(0.369)		 -0.068
(0.150)		 -0.045
(0.150)		 0.979**
(0.379)		 1.120***
(0.362)		 0.865**
(0.354)		 1.004***
(0.342)
是否出口 -0.015
(0.055)		 0.108
(0.136)		 -0.022
(0.055)		 -0.022
(0.055)		 0.159
(0.139)		 0.139
(0.132)		 0.096
(0.131)		 0.090
(0.126)
制造业 -0.108
(0.077)		 0.369*
(0.192)		 -0.135*
(0.077)		 -0.127
(0.077)		 0.363*
(0.194)		 0.338**
(0.185)		 0.353*
(0.183)		 0.353**
(0.176)
常数项 0.817***
(0.198)		 4.747***
(0.482)		 0.573**
(0.232)		 0.574**
(0.231)		 4.851***
(0.613)		 4.652***
(0.489)		 4.407***
(0.510)		 5.053***
(0.457)
R2 0.100 0.126 0.103 0.113 0.058 0.152 0.163 0.238
Adj. R2 0.078 0.105 0.080 0.088 0.035 0.124 0.142 0.213
F 4.439*** 6.070*** 4.563*** 4.441*** 2.463** 5.517*** 7.757*** 9.605***
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187511542540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Robustness test results for alternative variable measurement

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6
企业成长 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.017***
(0.006)		 0.098***
(0.019)		 0.013**
(0.006)		 0.133***
(0.038)		 0.126***
(0.036)
专精特新战略导向 0.051***
(0.019)		 0.040**
(0.019)
市场竞争程度 0.087
(0.058)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.012
(0.031)
生态资源获取 0.315***
(0.054)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.061**
(0.030)
企业年龄 -0.140
(0.087)		 -0.146*
(0.087)		 0.108
(0.273)		 -0.142
(0.087)		 0.028
(0.275)		 0.015
(0.259)
企业规模 -0.156**
(0.072)		 -0.154**
(0.072)		 0.180
(0.222)		 -0.165**
(0.072)		 0.159
(0.232)		 0.155
(0.216)
上年营收 -0.073
(0.057)		 -0.064
(0.057)		 -0.166
(0.177)		 -0.065
(0.056)		 -0.251
(0.182)		 -0.300*
(0.169)
研发强度 -0.061
(0.117)		 -0.120
(0.118)		 1.146***
(0.369)		 -0.100
(0.118)		 0.988***
(0.373)		 0.925
(0.348)
是否出口 -0.005
(0.043)		 -0.010
(0.043)		 0.108
(0.136)		 -0.011
(0.043)		 0.123
(0.137)		 0.055
(0.129)
制造业 -0.070
(0.061)		 -0.093
(0.061)		 0.369*
(0.192)		 -0.086
(0.061)		 0.505**
(0.195)		 0.510***
(0.184)
常数项 0.866***
(0.156)		 0.670***
(0.183)		 4.747***
(0.482)		 0.671***
(0.182)		 5.673***
(0.516)		 5.932***
(0.478)
R2 0.155 0.156 0.126 0.168 0.100 0.206
Adj. R2 0.134 0.135 0.105 0.144 0.071 0.180
F 7.329*** 7.350*** 6.070*** 7.023*** 3.436*** 7.973***
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187628983053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

替换变量测量的稳健性检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6
企业成长 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.017***
(0.006)		 0.098***
(0.019)		 0.013**
(0.006)		 0.133***
(0.038)		 0.126***
(0.036)
专精特新战略导向 0.051***
(0.019)		 0.040**
(0.019)
市场竞争程度 0.087
(0.058)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.012
(0.031)
生态资源获取 0.315***
(0.054)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.061**
(0.030)
企业年龄 -0.140
(0.087)		 -0.146*
(0.087)		 0.108
(0.273)		 -0.142
(0.087)		 0.028
(0.275)		 0.015
(0.259)
企业规模 -0.156**
(0.072)		 -0.154**
(0.072)		 0.180
(0.222)		 -0.165**
(0.072)		 0.159
(0.232)		 0.155
(0.216)
上年营收 -0.073
(0.057)		 -0.064
(0.057)		 -0.166
(0.177)		 -0.065
(0.056)		 -0.251
(0.182)		 -0.300*
(0.169)
研发强度 -0.061
(0.117)		 -0.120
(0.118)		 1.146***
(0.369)		 -0.100
(0.118)		 0.988***
(0.373)		 0.925
(0.348)
是否出口 -0.005
(0.043)		 -0.010
(0.043)		 0.108
(0.136)		 -0.011
(0.043)		 0.123
(0.137)		 0.055
(0.129)
制造业 -0.070
(0.061)		 -0.093
(0.061)		 0.369*
(0.192)		 -0.086
(0.061)		 0.505**
(0.195)		 0.510***
(0.184)
常数项 0.866***
(0.156)		 0.670***
(0.183)		 4.747***
(0.482)		 0.671***
(0.182)		 5.673***
(0.516)		 5.932***
(0.478)
R2 0.155 0.156 0.126 0.168 0.100 0.206
Adj. R2 0.134 0.135 0.105 0.144 0.071 0.180
F 7.329*** 7.350*** 6.070*** 7.023*** 3.436*** 7.973***
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187738034958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Robustness test results for the subsample of manufacturing firms

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6
企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 企业成长 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.021**
(0.008)		 0.101***
(0.021)		 0.016*
(0.009)		 0.101***
(0.021)		 0.100***
(0.020)
专精特新战略导向 0.065***
(0.024)		 0.050**
(0.025)
市场竞争程度 0.083
(0.063)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.044**
(0.020)
生态资源获取 0.325***
(0.059)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.033
(0.019)
企业年龄 -0.146
(0.120)		 -0.208
(0.309)		 -0,135
(0.120)		 -0.136
(0.120)		 -0.157
(0.307)		 -0.185
(0.290)
企业规模 -0.012
(0.104)		 0.432
(0.266)		 -0.022
(0.104)		 -0.034
(0.104)		 0.400
(0.264)		 0.353
(0.252)
上年营收 -0.148*
(0.080)		 -0.247
(0.207)		 -0.137*
(0.081)		 -0.136*
(0.080)		 -0.201
(0.206)		 -0.266
(0.198)
研发强度 -0.215
(0.315)		 1.375*
(0.810)		 -0.309
(0.317)		 -0.284
(0.315)		 1.263
(0.814)		 1.177
(0.763)
是否出口 -0.002
(0.057)		 0.158
(0.147)		 -0.014
(0.057)		 -0.010
(0.057)		 0.160
(0.146)		 0.126
(0.139)
常数项 0.784***
(0.231)		 5.226***
(0.593)		 0.514*
(0.267)		 0.520*
(0.265)		 5.042***
(0.596)		 5.460***
(0.572)
R2 0.081 0.130 0.083 0.096 0.152 0.240
Adj. R2 0.057 0.108 0.059 0.069 0.123 0.213
F 3.390*** 5.764*** 3.467*** 3.503*** 5.168*** 9.040***
), ArticleFig(id=1315372187838698255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1315372182939751147, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

制造业企业子样本的稳健性检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 模型6
企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 企业成长 企业成长 专精特新
战略导向		 专精特新
战略导向
数字技术应用 0.021**
(0.008)		 0.101***
(0.021)		 0.016*
(0.009)		 0.101***
(0.021)		 0.100***
(0.020)
专精特新战略导向 0.065***
(0.024)		 0.050**
(0.025)
市场竞争程度 0.083
(0.063)
数字技术应用
×市场竞争程度		 -0.044**
(0.020)
生态资源获取 0.325***
(0.059)
数字技术应用
×生态资源获取		 -0.033
(0.019)
企业年龄 -0.146
(0.120)		 -0.208
(0.309)		 -0,135
(0.120)		 -0.136
(0.120)		 -0.157
(0.307)		 -0.185
(0.290)
企业规模 -0.012
(0.104)		 0.432
(0.266)		 -0.022
(0.104)		 -0.034
(0.104)		 0.400
(0.264)		 0.353
(0.252)
上年营收 -0.148*
(0.080)		 -0.247
(0.207)		 -0.137*
(0.081)		 -0.136*
(0.080)		 -0.201
(0.206)		 -0.266
(0.198)
研发强度 -0.215
(0.315)		 1.375*
(0.810)		 -0.309
(0.317)		 -0.284
(0.315)		 1.263
(0.814)		 1.177
(0.763)
是否出口 -0.002
(0.057)		 0.158
(0.147)		 -0.014
(0.057)		 -0.010
(0.057)		 0.160
(0.146)		 0.126
(0.139)
常数项 0.784***
(0.231)		 5.226***
(0.593)		 0.514*
(0.267)		 0.520*
(0.265)		 5.042***
(0.596)		 5.460***
(0.572)
R2 0.081 0.130 0.083 0.096 0.152 0.240
Adj. R2 0.057 0.108 0.059 0.069 0.123 0.213
F 3.390*** 5.764*** 3.467*** 3.503*** 5.168*** 9.040***
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数字技术应用对中小企业成长的赋能机制——专精特新战略导向的中介效应
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邬爱其 1 , 吴轶珂 2
科学学研究 | 前沿与观点 2026,44(2): 410-420
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科学学研究 |前沿与观点 2026 , 44 (2) : 410 -420
数字技术应用对中小企业成长的赋能机制——专精特新战略导向的中介效应
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邬爱其1 , 吴轶珂2
作者信息
  • 1 浙江大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310058
  • 2 浙江财经大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018
通讯作者:
吴轶珂(1993-),女,讲师,E-mail:。
作者简介:

邬爱其(1975-),男,教授、博士生导师。

The empowerment mechanism of digital technology application on the growth of SMEs: The mediating effect of the “SRDI” strategic orientation
Ai-qi WU1 , Yi-ke WU2
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • 2 School of Management, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
出版时间: 2026-02-15
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摘要
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在数字经济时代,走专精特新发展道路是我国中小企业高质量成长的重要战略路径。本研究基于企业内生成长理论,探索数字技术应用赋能中小企业成长的内在机制和边界条件。实证分析发现,数字技术应用能够促进中小企业成长,该促进作用通过增强中小企业专精特新战略导向实现;数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的影响程度,会受到外部市场环境和企业生态资源获取能力的影响,即当市场竞争越激烈或生态资源获取越容易时,数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用越弱。研究结论丰富了数字经济时代企业内生成长理论,有助于指导中小企业开展数字化建设和实现持续健康成长。

数字技术应用  /  中小企业成长  /  专精特新战略导向  /  市场竞争程度  /  生态资源获取

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the driving force of innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic development in China. In the era of digital economy, with the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy, data resources have become the key for SMEs to gain competitive advantages. In practice, some SMEs have seized the opportunities of the times and achieved rapid development through digital transformation, but more SMEs still face significant challenges in the process of digitization, with phenomena such as reluctance, inability, and fear of digital transformation being widespread. At the same time, in the face of complex and volatile market, technology, and institutional environment, the “specialized, refined, differentiated, and innovative (SRDI)” development path is considered an important strategic pathway for high-quality growth of SMEs in China. Existing studies have attempted to explore the impact and boundary conditions of the digital economy on the growth of “SRDI” SMEs, confirming that the business environment has a synergistic effect on the digital economy to enhance the cultivation effectiveness of “SRDI” SMEs. However, most existing studies focus on the macro-level influence of the digital economy on the development of “SRDI” SMEs, without delving into the micro-level analysis of the role of digital technology application, nor examining the internal mechanisms and boundary conditions by which the digital technology application drives the “SRDI” development of SMEs. Therefore, based on the theory of firm endogenous growth mechanism, this paper constructs a theoretical framework of the process by which the application of digital technology empowers the growth of SMEs, and uses questionnaire survey data for empirical analysis to reveal the internal mechanisms and key contexts of the aforementioned process, namely how the application of digital technology promotes enterprise growth by enhancing the “SRDI” strategic orientation of SMEs, as well as the moderating effect of external market conditions (intensity of market competition) and SMEs’ ability to acquire ecosystem resources (acquisition of ecosystem resource). Empirical analysis reveals that the digital technology application can promote the growth of SMEs, and this promotion is achieved by strengthening their “SRDI” strategic orientation. However, the impact of digital technology application on SMEs’ “SRDI” strategic orientation is moderated by external market conditions and the SMEs’ ability to acquire ecosystem resources. Specifically, the more intense the market competition or the easier the access to ecosystem resources, the weaker the impact of digital technology application on the “SRDI” strategic orientation. The theoretical contributions of this paper mainly include: First, by focusing on the impact of digital technology application on the growth of SMEs, this paper enriches the research on the driving factors of SME growth. Second, from a strategic perspective, this paper reveals the internal mechanism by which digital technology application empowers the growth of SMEs. Lastly, this paper identifies the important situational factors for the promotion of “SRDI” development of SMEs through the application of digital technology. This paper also makes some practical contributions: First, SMEs in the era of digital economy can embark on the path of “SRDI” development by actively applying digital technologies. Second, SMEs that adhere to the “SRDI” strategic orientation should not blindly pursue digital transformation but should consider it strategically.

digital technology application  /  growth of SMEs  /  “SRDI” strategic orientation  /  intensity of market competition  /  acquisition of ecosystem resource
邬爱其, 吴轶珂. 数字技术应用对中小企业成长的赋能机制——专精特新战略导向的中介效应. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (2) : 410 -420 .
Ai-qi WU, Yi-ke WU. The empowerment mechanism of digital technology application on the growth of SMEs: The mediating effect of the “SRDI” strategic orientation[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (2) : 410 -420 .
正文
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中小企业是我国创新创业和经济发展的生力军。在数字经济时代,随着数字技术与实体经济的深度融合,数据资源成为中小企业获取竞争优势的关键[1]。实践中一些中小企业顺应时代机遇,通过数字化转型成功实现快速发展,但更多中小企业在数字化进程中面临着艰巨挑战,“不想转、不会转、不敢转”现象还十分普遍[2]。因此,国家出台了一系列政策引导和推动中小企业提高数字化水平,如《中小企业数字化赋能专项行动方案》《中小企业数字化转型指南》等。现有研究尝试对数字化转型与企业成长之间关系进行了一些探索[3,4],但数字技术应用对企业成长的影响仍尚未明晰[2]。
与此同时,面对复杂多变的市场、技术和制度环境,专精特新战略导向被认为是中小企业高质量成长的战略路径[5,9]。2023年我国政府工作报告和中央经济工作会议提出要“促进中小企业专精特新发展”,党的二十届三中全会要求“构建促进专精特新中小企业发展壮大机制”。因此,如何在数字经济时代更好地引导和支持中小企业专精特新发展,引发学界和业界的广泛讨论。现有研究已尝试探索了数字经济对专精特新中小企业成长的影响结果和边界条件,证实营商环境对数字经济助力专精特新中小企业培育成效的提升具有协同效应[6]。但是,已有研究主要从宏观层面探讨数字经济水平对专精特新中小企业发展的影响,尚未深入企业微观层面探析数字技术应用的作用,也未曾剖析数字技术应用驱动中小企业专精特新发展的内在机制和边界条件。
因此,本文基于企业内生成长理论,构建数字技术应用赋能中小企业成长的过程机制理论,利用问卷调查数据进行实证分析,揭示上述过程的内在机制和关键情境,即数字技术应用通过增强中小企业专精特新战略导向进而促进企业成长的作用机制,以及市场竞争程度和生态资源获取两个关键情境的调节作用。
1 理论分析与研究假设
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Penrose[7]的企业内生成长理论将企业视为由土地、设备、人才等一系列生产性资源组成的集合,认为企业的内部资源是企业能力的基础,企业能力是影响企业成长速度、方式与界限的关键因素,形成了“资源—能力—成长”的企业内生成长机制的理论分析框架。而中小企业普遍面临资源禀赋匮乏、能力基础薄弱的问题。为了打破资源束缚,突破成长瓶颈,中小企业需要优化配置和利用现有资源,充分挖掘内在潜能。因此,改善运营效率和提升创新能力成为促进中小企业成长的两条关键路径[8]。
近年来,以大数据、云计算、人工智能、区块链、物联网等为代表的新兴数字技术被广泛应用到企业的生产经营活动中,不断驱动企业生产模式和组织形态的变革创新,引发传统商业模式的颠覆与重塑[9]。在数字经济时代,数据资源成为企业生产经营活动的关键要素资源,数字技术应用则成为企业高效获取、分析、利用数据资源的重要方法[1]。可见,数字技术应用将丰富中小企业的资源类型,重构中小企业的能力要素体系,从而引致中小企业内生成长机制产生新的动能。
目前已有一些学者开展了关于数字化转型与企业成长之间关系的探索,但研究结论尚未达成一致,且聚焦中小企业的研究较为有限。研究结果显示,数字化转型与企业成长可能存在正向、U型、倒U型及复杂非线性关系[10,11],且数字化转型会导致企业业绩波动放大[3]。对于中小企业,虽然数字化转型能够通过优化企业研发双元能力来提升企业新产品开发绩效[10],但商业实践结果不尽如人意,不少企业的数字化投资收效甚微,甚至呈现数字化悖论现象。因此,探明数字技术应用影响中小企业成长的作用机制和边界条件,对于中小企业开展数字化建设和实现高质量成长至关重要。
1.1 数字技术应用对中小企业成长的影响
目前,企业的数字技术应用主要存在两种模式,赋能和转型。数字技术赋能是指企业通过运用数字技术改善生产、销售、管理等流程,强调数字技术对企业运营活动的效率优化;数字技术转型则聚焦企业基于多元数字技术进行商业模式升级、价值主张更新等组织变革,关注数字技术对企业战略与行为的创新和调整[12]。上述两种模式分别通过提高企业的运营效率和创新能力来促进中小企业成长。
在赋能方面,数字技术应用主要从提高企业的生产效率、管理效率和合作效率三个方面促进中小企业成长。第一,数字技术可以被嵌入中小企业生产活动的各个环节,通过流程改造和方式升级,帮助中小企业实现数字技术要素与生产要素之间的相互替代与协同,提高中小企业的全要素生产效率[13]。第二,数字技术可以被运用于中小企业管理决策的过程中,基于对企业运营数据精准、实时的捕捉与分析,帮助企业打破“信息孤岛”,降低内部管理成本和决策失误风险,提升中小企业的内部管理效率[14]。第三,数字技术的应用能够助力中小企业搭建与外界的信息交流通道,增强企业与合作伙伴在交付、库存、生产、研发等方面的协同配合,降低协调成本和交易费用,提升中小企业的外部合作效率[15]。运营效率的提升能够缓解中小企业资源禀赋不足的困境,为中小企业成长提供基础能量保障[8]。
在转型方面,数字技术应用通过改变中小企业创新机会识别和创新主体互动的方式,帮助中小企业提升创新能力。一方面,依托大数据分析工具,中小企业能够链接大量内外部数据并快速捕捉有价值信息,敏锐洞察行业动态和市场趋势,准确识别创新机会,从而提高新产品研发的靶向性,在市场竞争中赢得优势[16]。另一方面,利用基于数字合约的区块链技术,中小企业可以接入或搭建安全可靠的数据共享系统和研发合作平台,通过线上渠道共享知识和信息,降低合作主体在创新活动中搜寻和协调的成本,形成稳定高效的协同创新网络[17]。创新能力的提升不仅帮助中小企业快速积累竞争优势,还能为企业成长注入源源不断的活力[18]。可见,数字技术应用可以提高企业运营效率和创新能力,助力中小企业成长。因此,本文提出假设:
H1:数字技术应用能够促进中小企业成长。
1.2 专精特新战略导向的中介作用
战略导向对于企业形成和保持竞争优势具有决定性作用。专精特新战略导向是指企业坚持“专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化”发展的战略方针,是经过我国中小企业长期实践检验且能够有效助力中小企业高质量发展的战略路径[5]。专精特新战略导向可以进一步解构为“专精”和“特新”两个方面的战略导向,前者接近于强调成本效率的聚焦战略,后者类似于强调创新特色的差异化战略[19]。研究发现,地区数字经济发展水平是激发专精特新中小企业涌现的重要因素[6]。由此推测,数字技术应用能够激励中小企业迈向专精特新发展道路,进而促进企业成长。
首先,数字技术应用能够增强中小企业的“专精”战略导向。“专精”战略导向是“专业化”与“精细化”相结合的企业发展模式。一方面,数字技术应用不仅帮助中小企业深入洞察市场需求和竞争态势,明确主营业务领域,开展专业化经营,帮助中小企业快速整合核心知识,形成服务于主营业务的资源配置专有模式,提升中小企业的“专业化”倾向和能力[20]。另一方面,中小企业通过强化数字技术在企业生产经营各个环节的应用,优化组织结构,完善业务流程,把精益管理理念贯穿于企业运营全过程的同时,也把精致产品理念传递给顾客,促使中小企业“精细化”经营水平的深化[3]。
其次,数字技术应用可以激励中小企业形成“特新”战略导向。“特新”战略导向结合了“特色化”和“新颖化”两种企业发展模式。构建以数字技术为基础的数字化运营体系不仅帮助中小企业更好地触及、连接和挖掘客户多样化、个性化和深层次的需求,而且助力企业通过新型定制生产模式打造特色化的产品和服务,为客户提供独特的价值体验,形成差异化的市场定位[14]。同时,基于深度学习和机器学习的新技术研发过程、基于物联网的设备间互联互通模式以及基于云计算的研发数据共享与协同平台,全面提高了中小企业的创新能力,为企业技术研发和产品创新提供全方位保障[10],进而推动中小企业坚定创新发展道路。
最后,专精特新战略导向对中小企业成长具有促进作用。已有研究发现,“专精”和“特新”战略导向分别通过改进运营效率和提升创新能力两条路径助力中小企业成长[5]。“专精”战略导向引导中小企业坚守聚焦主业、长期主义和精益管理的发展理念[19]。具体地,坚持“专精”发展的中小企业首先通过集中资源突破核心业务,开展专业化经营;然后聚焦细分市场,进行持续深耕;并依靠精细高效的制度和流程体系进行运营管理,克服资源劣势,积累专业能力,形成核心竞争力;最终基于主业运营效率的持续提升,实现企业成长[5]。“特新”战略导向则强调中小企业在发展过程中形成特色价值并进行持续创新[8]。“特新”战略导向一方面鼓励中小企业通过特色化经营,摆脱低价同质竞争,树立独特品牌特色,形成差异化市场定位;另一方面通过持续不断的技术创新和产品升级,促使企业获利空间向高附加值业务拓展,从而提升中小企业的产业链地位,使其长期保持韧性和活力[5]。综上所述,本文提出假设:
H2:数字技术应用通过提升企业的专精特新战略导向进而促进中小企业成长。
1.3 市场竞争程度和生态资源获取的调节作用
竞争激烈的市场中往往竞争企业数量多、产品同质性高、市场发展空间小,这导致市场细分程度的提升[21]。高度细分的市场对产品的差异化程度和企业资源的专用性程度提出更高的要求。尽管数字技术应用能够通过高效的信息搜寻和分析帮助中小企业锁定具有发展潜力的细分市场[20],但无法在短期内弥补中小企业关键专用资源短缺的不足。因此,当市场竞争程度高时,由于打造特色产品或服务对企业资源的专用性要求明显提高,而中小企业又面临关键资源匮乏和市场容量有限的困境,导致数字技术应用在助力企业技术创新和专业化经营方面的优势无法充分发挥,进而弱化了中小企业的专精特新发展倾向。而当市场竞争程度低时,市场空间相对较大,市场对企业产品的差异化程度和资源的专用性程度要求相对较低,数字技术应用可以发挥高效搜寻信息和优化配置资源的功能,通过构建运营效率和创新能力优势助力中小企业走上专精特新发展道路。由此,本文提出假设:
H3:市场竞争程度负向调节中小企业数字技术应用与专精特新战略导向之间的关系,即市场竞争程度越高,数字技术应用对提升中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用越弱。
中小企业是商业生态系统的重要参与者,通过生态系统网络,中小企业能够与各类生态伙伴形成相互依赖、互补耦合的资源共享联盟,实现企业资源的丰富与革新[22]。生态资源获取可以有效弥补中小企业的资源短板,为企业竞争优势的形成和维持提供资源保障[23]。数字技术不仅可以帮助成员企业更灵活高效地进行资源耦合和交换,还可以帮助企业推进合作创新[17]。因此,当生态资源获取水平低时,表明企业在生态系统内的嵌入度低或生态资源调动能力弱[22],增加数字技术应用能够有效促进中小企业提升与生态伙伴间的合作效率与协作创新能力,助力企业获取外部相关资源和提升内部资源利用效率,进而驱动中小企业的专精特新发展。当生态资源获取水平高时,由于中小企业的生态系统嵌入和融合较好,数字技术应用对生态系统内部资源共享效率与创新协同能力的提升效果无法凸显,从而导致对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进较弱。所以,本文提出假设:
H4:生态资源获取负向调节中小企业数字技术应用与专精特新战略导向之间的关系,即企业生态资源获取水平越高,数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用越弱。
2 研究设计
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2.1 样本选择和数据收集
本研究的对象企业是中小企业,由于我国区域经济发展水平存在较大差异,为了增强研究结论的普适性,研究团队于2023年在分属于东中西部3个区域的浙江、江西、广西等省进行调研,向700家中小企业发放调查问卷,共回收问卷365份。在剔除数据缺失的样本后,最终获得有效问卷295份。调查问卷收集了包括企业基本情况、市场环境、创新创业、经营绩效等一手信息。同时,本研究还根据样本企业名单,匹配了企业年龄、行业等二手数据,以期在一定程度上缓解共同方法偏差问题。本研究样本企业结构具有较好的代表性:在所在地区方面,浙江、广西和江西的企业分别占比77.1%、12.6%和10.3%;所处行业类型方面,制造业企业占比83.1%,其余来自软件和信息服务等非制造业行业;企业年龄方面,年龄<10年的企业占33.6%,10-20年的企业占47.4%,>20年的企业占19.0%。此外,61.4%的企业是有出口经营活动的外向型中小企业。
2.2 变量测量
企业成长。本文用2021-2022年间样本企业的营业收入增长率来衡量企业成长的情况[24]。
专精特新战略导向。参考《工业和信息化部关于促进中小企业“专精特新”发展的指导意见》及专精特新发展的现有测度指标,本研究基于企业自我评价,从专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化4个维度,来测度企业的专精特新战略导向[5,8]。4个维度的问项分别为:公司拥有专有的技术或工艺、专业的生产制造、专门用途的产品等;公司大力引入实施精益理念、精细管理、精深技艺、精致产品等;公司拥有独特的技艺、特殊的研制、特色的产品等;公司的产品和服务具有新型科技、新颖产品、新增价值等。聚合4个维度的评分,数值越大说明企业的专精特新战略导向水平越高(α=0.900)。
数字技术应用。数字技术应用涉及研发、生产、管理、营销等多个领域[9],因此,本研究测度了企业在材料采购、产品开发、生产制造、市场营销、产品销售、客户服务、客户管理、市场分析、仓储管理、内部沟通、人才管理、财务管理12个方面运用数字技术的情况,来综合评定企业的数字技术应用水平。具体地,若企业在某一特定方面运用了数字技术,则该单项计为1,否则计为0,然后加总12个单项的得分(区间为0-12),分数越高表明企业的数字技术应用水平越高。这一测量方法刻画了数字技术在企业不同领域的实际应用情况,可以克服词频测度法更多刻画数字化导向而非实际应用水平的局限。
市场竞争程度。参考Tang[24]等的研究,本研究从企业更换供应商的容易程度、企业在行业中的竞争对手数量、企业竞争者提供相似产品或服务的容易程度以及企业客户转换供应商的容易程度4个方面,来评估企业面临的市场竞争程度,将上述4个方面评分聚合即为市场竞争程度的分数(α=0.909)。
生态资源获取。借鉴陈劲和吴波[23]的测量方法,本研究选取了产业链生态系统中获取技术、获得先进生产设备、获得资金、获得相关人才、获得市场订单以及获得市场信息6个题项来测度生态资源获取(α=0.902),数值越高表示企业生态资源获取水平越高。
控制变量。参考相关研究[5],本文控制了可能影响中小企业成长的主要因素,包括企业年龄(企业成立至2022年的年数取对数)、企业规模(2021年员工人数取对数)、上年营收(2021年营业收入取对数)、研发强度(2021年研发经费投入占同期营业收入的比重)、是否出口(有出口业务=1,否则=0)、制造业(制造行业=1,其他=0)。
3 研究结果分析
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3.1 描述性统计与相关性分析
本研究的描述性统计与相关性分析结果如表1所示。各变量间的相关系数绝对值较低,数据不存在明显的多重共线性问题。
3.2 假设检验
表2中模型1显示,数字技术应用显著正向影响中小企业成长(β=0.020,p<0.05),假设1获得支持。模型2显示数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向有显著正向影响(β=0.098,p<0.01);模型3表示专精特新战略导向对中小企业成长有显著正向影响(β=0.062,p<0.01);将数字技术应用和专精特新战略导向同时加入模型时(模型4),数字技术应用对中小企业成长正向影响的回归系数从模型1的0.020(p<0.05)下降为模型4的0.015(p<0.10),而专精特新战略导向对中小企业成长的正向影响仍然显著(β=0.050,p<0.05),表明专精特新战略导向在数字技术应用和中小企业成长之间存在中介效应,假设2得到支持。
模型6的结果显示,数字技术应用与市场竞争程度交互项的系数显著为负(β=-0.038,p<0.05),市场竞争程度负向调节数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用,假设3获得支持。模型8表示,数字技术应用与生态资源获取交互项显著为负(β=-0.030,p<0.10),数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的促进作用受生态资源获取水平负向调节,假设4得到支持。
3.3 稳健性检验
本研究进行了以下稳健性检验。首先,更换变量测度方法。由于企业成长情况评估指标往往具有较强的综合性,因此,本研究用企业营业收入与员工人数的复合增长率作为因变量企业成长的替代测量,对主效应和中介机制进行多元回归分析。此外,本研究用企业数字建设投入作为自变量数字技术应用的替代测量,重新检验市场竞争程度和生态资源获取的调节作用。表3结果显示,除市场竞争程度的调节效应为负但不显著之外,更换变量测量方法后的研究结果总体上与之前的研究结果保持一致。
其次,剔除非制造业企业样本,仅使用制造业样本进行稳健性检验。除生态资源获取具有负向但不显著的调节作用外,其他相关实证结果同样保持较高稳健性(结果详见表4)。综上,更换变量测度和研究样本后的稳健性检验结果均与基准回归结果总体上保持一致,本文研究结果具有良好的稳健性。
3.4 事后分析
杭州申昊科技股份有限公司的成长历程进一步印证了上文的研究发现。申昊科技于2020年获评国家级专精特新“小巨人”企业,是一家长期致力于设备检测及故障诊断的高新技术企业。申昊科技成立于2002年,创立之初围绕电动自行车性能检测开展服务,并自此开启长达22年检测技术专业领域的持续深耕。2007年,申昊科技从机电设备检测转向智能电网检测领域,经过7年的发展,于2014年着手布局智能巡检机器人业务,通过应用人工智能、机器人、大数据分析等数字技术,成功开发具有自主知识产权的智能监测控制设备、智能机器人等产品,并围绕电力系统各环节持续丰富产品结构,逐步构建“海陆空隧”全方位、立体化的移动巡检机器人平台。
在数字技术加持下,申昊科技凭借专注精深智能检测技术(“专精”战略导向)与创新开拓特色应用场景(“特新”战略导向)相结合的战略布局,成为我国变电在线监测五强企业。除了延伸智能电网这一基础产品线外,申昊科技还着手打造轨道交通、油气化工、生态环境、水下高端装备等场景的拓展产品线。针对上述场景普遍存在的场地配置紧缺、检修人员紧缺、检修劳动强度大、作业周期长等难点和痛点,申昊科技不断增强数字技术应用的广度和深度,并坚守专精特新发展,为多行业、多场景提供工业设备安全运行和智能化运营维护的综合性解决方案。申昊科技对专精特新战略导向的坚守不仅体现在其产品特征方面,还体现在其对于研发投入的力度和方向上。申昊科技的研发投入逐年增长,从2017年的1994.54万元上升到2023年的1.30亿元,即使是在经济环境低迷、企业发生亏损的2022年,申昊科技依旧坚持加大研发投入,研发费用高达1.28亿元,相比2021年增长了48%;并且申昊科技历年的研发费用至少有90%投入于电网智能检测这个主营业务领域。上述事实凸显了申昊科技聚焦主业、长期主义的发展理念和特色价值、持续创新的战略定位。数字技术应用通过助力申昊科技坚守专精特新发展道路,最终促进其实现了高质量可持续成长。2023年度第三季度申昊科技的净利润同比增长112.39%,成功实现扭亏为盈;且销售毛利率达到了52.73%,同比增长16%,反映出智能巡检机器人巨大的利润空间(利润空间位列A股机器人概念板块397家上市企业的第21位),也体现了申昊科技强劲的市场竞争力和无限的成长潜能。
4 结论与启示
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4.1 研究结论
本研究主要结论如下:第一,数字技术应用能够有效赋能中小企业成长,且数字技术应用通过推进中小企业形成专精特新战略导向进而促进其成长;第二,数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向的影响程度,受到外部市场环境和企业生态资源获取情况的影响,即当企业面临的市场竞争程度越高或获取的生态资源越多时,数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新发展的驱动作用越弱。
4.2 理论贡献
本文的理论贡献主要包括:首先,本文聚焦分析数字技术应用对中小企业成长的影响,丰富了中小企业成长的驱动因素研究。现有研究主要从企业家精神、企业创业导向、关系网络、资源能力、外部环境要素等视角对中小企业成长的影响因素展开探索[5,18]。虽然已有研究指出数字化转型是企业成长的重要影响因素之一[2,3],但较少针对中小企业进行实证检验。本文以中小企业为样本,以企业内生成长理论为基础,将数字技术视作数字经济时代中小企业成长的新型要素资源,探索并验证数字技术应用对中小企业成长的促进作用,完善了中小企业成长的驱动因素体系,是对中小企业内生成长理论的重要补充。
其次,本文从战略视角揭示了数字技术应用赋能中小企业成长的内在机制。尽管已有学者搭建了数字化转型通过增加企业创新、降低交易成本、缓解融资约束促进企业成长的理论框架[4],但由于数字化如何影响企业成长是一个复杂的问题,企业规模、性质、行业、资本密集度等特征都可能影响数字技术应用影响企业成长的路径机制[2]。本文聚焦中小企业及其专精特新发展的特色,探明专精特新战略导向在数字技术应用与中小企业成长之间发挥的中介作用,丰富了数字技术应用赋能中小企业成长的过程机制研究,为数字经济时代中小企业成长提供了新的理论视角。
最后,本文识别了数字技术应用促进中小企业专精特新发展的重要情境因素。虽然已有研究发现营商环境和对外开放程度对数字经济驱动专精特新中小企业涌现具有协同作用[6],但这些研究主要关注宏观层面的数字经济水平,而非企业层面的数字技术应用水平对中小企业专精特新发展的影响,无法揭示影响中小企业自身数字化行为和结果的情境因素。本文考察了两个重要因素(市场竞争程度和生态资源获取)对中小企业数字技术应用与专精特新战略导向之间关系的影响,深化了数字技术应用对中小企业成长发挥效用的关键情境研究。
4.3 实践启示
本文的实践启示主要包括:第一,数字经济时代的中小企业可以通过积极应用数字技术走上专精特新发展道路。中小企业提高数字技术应用水平,能够有效增强企业运营效率与创新能力,为专精特新战略导向的形成和增强奠定了坚实的基础。而专精特新发展道路可以助力中小企业深耕产业链供应链细分领域,塑造独特的竞争优势,从而在激烈的市场竞争中成功突围并实现可持续成长。第二,坚持专精特新战略导向的中小企业不应盲目进行数字化转型。专精特新发展的中小企业需要在综合考虑外部市场环境(如市场竞争程度)以及自身资源禀赋(如生态资源获取)的基础上决定如何进行数字化转型或升级。
4.4 研究局限与未来展望
本研究存在以下不足之处:首先,本研究虽然在理论推导时从效率和创新两条路径来阐述数字技术应用对中小企业形成专精特新战略导向和实现企业成长的影响,但并没有实证检验效率和创新的具体作用机制。其次,本研究采用基于问卷调查的截面数据进行实证分析,未能探讨数字技术应用对中小企业专精特新战略导向以及企业成长的长期作用,未来可以采用时间序列数据或纵向案例研究等方法加以深入揭示。最后,本研究仅识别了市场竞争程度和生态资源获取对中小企业数字技术应用与专精特新战略导向之间关系的调节作用,未来可考虑探索更多重要的情境因素(如供应链数字化水平、市场动荡性、企业组织惯性等),为中小企业实践提供更具参考价值的研究成果。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金重点项目(72332005)
  • 浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ23G020001)
文献
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文章信息
  • 接收时间：2024-10-05
  • 首发时间：2026-10-09
  • 出版时间：2026-02-15
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出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2024-10-05
  • 修回日期：2024-12-09
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(72332005)
浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ23G020001)
作者信息
    1 浙江大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310058
    2 浙江财经大学管理学院, 浙江杭州 310018

通讯作者:

吴轶珂(1993-),女,讲师,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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