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Diffusion capacity is a crucial component of a great power’s technological capabilities, and civil-military technology fusion is a representative phenomenon of such diffusion. In the context of great power competition, the United States is actively promoting civil-military technology fusion through its spin-on policy. This policy aims to leverage technologies developed by the commercial sector to enhance U.S. military competitiveness, particularly against the backdrop of declining innovation capabilities within its military R&D departments. The underlying logic of the U.S. spin-on policy includes: prioritizing small businesses and non-traditional defense suppliers as key partners, employing a mix of policy tools as the primary means of implementation, and fostering a risk-taking culture as an intrinsic guiding principle. The U.S. spin-on policy has not only facilitated the entry of commercial technologies into the defense sector but has also driven profound developments within the U.S. defense system. Specific impacts include: enhancing the diversity, vitality, and resilience of the U.S. defense industrial base; strengthening U.S. defense innovation capabilities; accelerating the digital and intelligent transformation of the U.S. military; initiating preliminary shifts in U.S. defense technology philosophy and reshaping its defense technology system; and bolstering U.S. military competitiveness against China. The spin-on policy is expected to continue in the future and may exert an even more significant impact on the strategic competition between the U.S. and China. Additionally, the U.S. approach offers insights for China on how to further advance civil-military technology fusion and deepen its own spin-on effort.
, authors=Si-qi DING, authorsList=Si-qi DING, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315372094054052205, articleId=1315372091021570410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=军民技术融合与大国竞争——美国“民参军”政策及其启示, columnId=1309226307364418163, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=热点议题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
扩散能力是大国科技能力的重要组成部分,军民技术融合是具有代表性的技术扩散现象。在大国竞争背景下,美国正在推动军民技术融合,其军民技术融合政策的主要类型为“民参军”。该政策旨在美国军事研发部门科技创新能力下降的背景下,利用商业部门研发的技术来增加美国的军事竞争力。美国“民参军”政策的内在逻辑包括小企业与非传统国防供应商是重要合作对象,多种政策工具的综合运用是主要实现手段,以及风险承担是内在文化导向。美国的“民参军”政策不仅推动了商业科技进入美国国防部门,而且还推动了美国国防体系的深入发展,具体影响包括增强了美国国防工业体系的多样化、活力与韧性,增强了美国的国防创新能力,加速了美军的数字化与智能化转型,正在初步地改变美国的国防科技理念和重塑美国的国防科技体系,以及增强了美国对华军事竞争能力。美国的“民参军”政策在未来会持续实施,并可能对中美战略竞争态势产生更为显著的影响。美国的“民参军”政策对于中国如何继续做好军民技术融合,深入推动“民参军”也有所启示。
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