Article(id=1309226321591492723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1309226306445865584, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1754841600000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-11, revisedDate=1759507200000, revisedDateStr=2025-10-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790073479315, onlineDateStr=2026-09-22, pubDate=1781452800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790073479315, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790073479315, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790073479315, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1309226306445865584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, year='2026', volume='44', issue='6', pageStart='1121', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781452800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790073475705, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790073520980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1309226496414286647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1309226306445865584, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1309226496414286648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, issueId=1309226306445865584, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1206, endPage=1216, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1309226323390849140, articleId=1309226321591492723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=EN, title=Digital transformation from an institutional perspective: Theoretical exploration and framework construction, columnId=1309226307540574209, journalTitle=Studies in Science of Science, columnName=Theories and Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Digital transformation (DT) is increasingly recognized as a disruptive force reshaping organizational structures, governance models, and societal paradigms. As businesses and institutions undergo digital transformation, they are confronted with challenges that question the traditional boundaries of management theories. These challenges are not only technological but also deeply institutional, involving tensions between existing institutional norms and the emerging demands of the digital era. This transformation brings with it a complex interplay of institutional pressures and systemic coupling mechanisms that have yet to be fully understood or theorized. Therefore, the need for theoretical deconstruction and paradigm innovation is crucial to comprehending the transformative processes in the digital age. This study, using an institutional perspective, addresses these gaps by applying a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, coupled with Python and R language analyses, to synthesize the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of digital transformation. The goal is to develop a robust analytical framework that provides both theoretical insights and practical guidance on how organizations can navigate the complexities of digital transformation.

The research constructs an analytical framework that centers on the triadic structure of “driving forces—transformation process—transformation outcomes.” This framework aims to integrate the dynamic relationships between external institutional drivers, the organizational transformation processes they induce, and the resulting organizational outcomes in the context of digital transformation.

Firstly, the study explores how institutional pressures such as policy, legislation, social expectations, competitive forces, best practices, and industry standards shape the digital transformation journey. It analyzes the ways in which these external forces—acting as institutional elements—drive organizational change by compelling firms to adopt digital technologies. The role of institutional pressures in fostering organizational adaptability to new digital practices is critically examined, with particular attention to the mechanisms through which organizations respond to external environmental shifts. The study emphasizes how these institutional drivers contribute to the acceleration of digital transformation across various sectors, compelling businesses to reconsider traditional practices and adopt new digital strategies.

Secondly, the paper delves into the mechanisms of de-institutionalization and re-institutionalization within organizations undergoing digital transformation. It posits that digital transformation is not simply the adoption of new technologies but also involves a cyclical process of dismantling traditional institutional norms (de-institutionalization) and constructing new institutional frameworks (re-institutionalization). This dynamic is central to understanding how organizations must manage the tensions between old and new systems during digital transformation. The study also highlights the evolutionary nature of this process, showing that organizations must constantly adjust and adapt as they encounter new digital technologies, competitive pressures, and regulatory demands.

Finally, the paper discusses the institutional outcomes of digital transformation, focusing on how these transformations lead to shifts in organizational structures and business models. Key outcomes discussed include technology adoption and the realization of new digital functions, servitization and intelligent transformation of products and services, and the reconfiguration of supply chains and organizational collaboration. These outcomes underscore how digital transformation is deeply institutionalized, affecting not only technological adoption but also the very way organizations operate and collaborate across value chains. The study provides a framework for understanding these outcomes through the lens of institutional theory, revealing how institutional environments play a significant role in shaping the trajectory and success of digital transformations.

From a theoretical perspective, this study constructs a multi-level analytical framework for digital transformation, integrating the fragmented research on digital transformation from an institutional perspective. It emphasizes that institutional pressures drive digital transformation through three mechanisms (coercive, normative, and mimetic), and proposes a dual process of de-institutionalization and re-institutionalization. This not only explains the institutional roots of the phenomenon of "digitalization without transformation," but also fills the gap between institutional theory and transformation practices in the context of the digital economy. From a practical perspective, the study highlights that China’s multiple transformation tasks require the external force of institutional environments to drive digital transformation. It suggests strengthening institutional supply and adaptation at the government, industry, and organizational levels to promote the deep integration and sustainable development of digital transformation.

, authors=Jiang YU1, 2, Ran LU1, 2, Feng CHEN1, 2, Yue ZHANG1, 2, authorsList=Jiang YU, Ran LU, Feng CHEN, Yue ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ran LU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1309226324342956155, articleId=1309226321591492723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, language=CN, title=制度视角下的数字化转型:理论探索与框架构建, columnId=1309226307683180547, journalTitle=科学学研究, columnName=理论与方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

数字化转型作为重塑现代社会组织形态与治理范式的革命性力量,正持续挑战传统管理理论的解释边界,其内在的制度性张力和系统性耦合机制亟待理论解构与范式创新。从制度视角切入,利用系统文献综述法,结合python和R语言分析,归纳数字化转型的前因、过程与结果,构建了“驱动力量—转型过程—转型结果”的分析框架。首先,基于制度压力,分析政策、法律、社会期望、竞争、最佳实践、行业标准等制度要素如何驱动数字化转型。其次,揭示组织数字化转型去制度化与再制度化的演进机制,提出数字化转型是传统制度规范的解构与新制度框架构建之间的循环演进过程。最后,讨论制度驱动的数字化转型成果,包括技术采用与功能实现、服务化与智能化转型以及供应链与组织协作的重构。研究突破了数字化转型的技术-组织二元分析框架,揭示了“数字化陷阱”的制度根源,为理解制度环境与数字化转型的复杂关系提供了新的理论视角。

, authors=余江1, 2, 卢燃1, 2, 陈凤1, 2, 张越1, 2, authorsList=余江, 卢燃, 陈凤, 张越, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=卢燃, authorNote=

余江(1969-),男,教授、博士生导师。

陈凤(1993-),女,助理研究员。

张越(1988-),女,副研究员。

, correspAuthorsNote=
卢燃(1999-),女,满族,博士研究生, E-mail:。
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陈凤(1993-),女,助理研究员。

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陈凤(1993-),女,助理研究员。

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张越(1988-),女,副研究员。

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张越(1988-),女,副研究员。

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International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 2023, 30(2/3): 687-708., articleTitle=The institutional impact on the digital platform ecosystem and innovation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333251657931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Xing Z, Fang D, Wang J, journalName=European Journal of Innovation Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xing Z, Fang D, Wang J, et al. How does institutional theory illuminate the influence of the digital economy on R&D networks?[J]. European Journal of Innovation Management, 2024. DOI: 10.1108/ejim-11-2023-0958., articleTitle=How does institutional theory illuminate the influence of the digital economy on R&D networks?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333335544012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=19, issue=5, pageStart=1123, pageEnd=1145, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Jiang Z, Shi J, Liu Z, journalName=International Journal of Emerging Markets, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang Z, Shi J, Liu Z. Industrial policy and digital transformation of the Chinese wind power sector: The role of financial constraint and resource bricolage[J]. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2024, 19(5):1123-1145., articleTitle=Industrial policy and digital transformation of the Chinese wind power sector: The role of financial constraint and resource bricolage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333427818701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=32, issue=1, pageStart=100392, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Dahabiyeh L, Constantinides P, journalName=Information and Organization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dahabiyeh L, Constantinides P. Legitimating digital technologies in industry exchange fields: The case of digital signatures[J]. Information and Organization, 2022, 32(1): 100392., articleTitle=Legitimating digital technologies in industry exchange fields: The case of digital signatures, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333507510478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=192, issue=null, pageStart=122595, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Jiang M, Chen L, Blome C, journalName=Technological Forecasting and Social Change, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang M, Chen L, Blome C, et al. Digital technology adoption for modern slavery risk mitigation in supply chains: An institutional perspective[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2023, 192: 122595., articleTitle=Digital technology adoption for modern slavery risk mitigation in supply chains: An institutional perspective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333608173775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=23, issue=5, pageStart=1037, pageEnd=1059, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Ionescu A M, Clipa A M, Turnea E S, journalName=Journal of Business Economics and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ionescu A M, Clipa A M, Turnea E S, et al. The impact of innovation framework conditions on corporate digital technology integration: Institutions as facilitators for sustainable digital transformation[J]. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 2022, 23(5): 1037-1059., articleTitle=The impact of innovation framework conditions on corporate digital technology integration: Institutions as facilitators for sustainable digital transformation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333696254160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=91, issue=null, pageStart=468, pageEnd=482, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Kropp E, Totzek D, journalName=Industrial Marketing Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kropp E, Totzek D. How institutional pressures and systems characteristics shape customer acceptance of smart product-service systems[J]. Industrial Marketing Management, 2020, 91: 468-482., articleTitle=How institutional pressures and systems characteristics shape customer acceptance of smart product-service systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333788528849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=4, pageStart=561, pageEnd=584, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Agnihotri A, Bhattacharya S, Yannopoulou N, journalName=International Marketing Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Agnihotri A, Bhattacharya S, Yannopoulou N, et al. Foreign market entry modes for servitization under diverse macroenvironmental conditions: Taxonomy and propositions[J]. International Marketing Review, 2023, 40(4): 561-584., articleTitle=Foreign market entry modes for servitization under diverse macroenvironmental conditions: Taxonomy and propositions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333905969362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=60, issue=null, pageStart=208, pageEnd=216, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Chen Y, Zuo Z, journalName=Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Y, Zuo Z. Strategic responses of tourism companies to institutional pressures in smart servitization[J]. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2024, 60: 208-216., articleTitle=Strategic responses of tourism companies to institutional pressures in smart servitization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226333985661139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=38, issue=3, pageStart=269, pageEnd=285, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Birkinshaw J, journalName=Academy of Management Perspectives, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Birkinshaw J. Too little, too late? How policymakers and regulators respond to the business model innovations of digital firms[J]. Academy of Management Perspectives, 2024, 38(3): 269-285., articleTitle=Too little, too late? How policymakers and regulators respond to the business model innovations of digital firms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309226334056964308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=267, issue=null, pageStart=109063, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=40, authorNames=Tiwari S, Sharma P, Jha A K, journalName=International Journal of Production Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tiwari S, Sharma P, Jha A K. Digitalization & Covid-19: An institutional-contingency theoretic analysis of supply chain digitalization[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2024, 267: 109063., articleTitle=Digitalization & Covid-19: An institutional-contingency theoretic analysis of supply chain digitalization, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1309226328973467818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, awardId=72334007, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(72334007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1309226329074131115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, awardId=25JJD630001, language=CN, fundingSource=教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大资助项目(25JJD630001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1309226324628168828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309226324636557437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, companyId=1309226324628168828, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309226324649140350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, companyId=1309226324628168828, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1309226324804329599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309226324808523904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, companyId=1309226324804329599, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Public Policy and Management, Uuiversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309226324816912513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, companyId=1309226324804329599, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院, 北京 100049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1309226328184938658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Keyword co-occurrence network map, figureFileSmall=YGo4gOrRZxNWvLx9w5Vv9Q==, figureFileBig=H5c52WC1QCeFWM95EWT4fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328243658915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=CN, label=图1, caption=关键词共现网络图谱, figureFileSmall=YGo4gOrRZxNWvLx9w5Vv9Q==, figureFileBig=H5c52WC1QCeFWM95EWT4fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328424013988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Literature co-citation network map, figureFileSmall=u+0spMn2Qw/CY1cgZLaNRQ==, figureFileBig=pGaQCkCuqq+OmILPUb4FHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328533065893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=CN, label=图2, caption=文献共被引网络图谱, figureFileSmall=u+0spMn2Qw/CY1cgZLaNRQ==, figureFileBig=pGaQCkCuqq+OmILPUb4FHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328616951974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Analytical framework of digital transformation from an institutional perspective, figureFileSmall=I2O6IM5sHNhr1mAdr3XH5g==, figureFileBig=tGxDsW7IhH4FtA0Apwhpag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328692449447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=CN, label=图3, caption=制度视角下的数字化转型分析框架图, figureFileSmall=I2O6IM5sHNhr1mAdr3XH5g==, figureFileBig=tGxDsW7IhH4FtA0Apwhpag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309226328772141224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Research subject coding of representative literature of digital transformation from institutional perspective

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研究
主题
代表性文献
作者/年份 文献来源 研究
方法
研究问题 理论应用 研究发现
驱动
力量
Liu等,
2024[2]
Technological Forecasting and Social
Change
案例
研究
探讨国有企业(中国移动和中国联通)数字化转型过程的关键因素,以及这些因素如何塑造转型路径。 基于制度理论,探究制度压力(尤其是强制压力和规范压力)影响国有企业数字化转型的机制。 制度压力、技术吸引和组织惯性共同影响国有企业的数字化转型过程。对于国有企业而言,制度压力的影响远大于技术吸引力。
Annosi等,
2021[16]
Industrial Marketing Management 案例
研究
如何通过数字化手段解决食物浪费问题。 基于制度理论,讨论数字技术在食品供应链中的采用和传播过程。 数字技术在提高供应链效率和减少食物浪费方面具有巨大潜力,而外部压力和制度环境是推动企业在食品供应链中采用数字技术实现转型的关键力量。
Cheah等,
2024[19]
Mnternational Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 案例
研究
文化因素如何影响网约车服务行业的国际市场扩展。 基于制度理论,揭示外部制度环境(文化因素)对数字平台生存与发展的影响。 消费者的文化背景显著影响了网约车服务的需求和接受度,忽视文化认知合法性会导致数字平台扩展服务失败。
转型
过程
Chen和Filieri,
2024[21]
Technological
Forecasting and
Social Change
案例
研究
探讨了小型组织(SMEs)在面对持续演变的技术时,如何在复杂的制度环境中进行技术采用和创新。 基于制度理论,分析制度力量的作用并提出三种战略响应策略。 制度力量在技术采用的各个阶段都发挥了重要作用,SMEs可以通过响应这些力量来重塑其创新地位。论文提出了三种战略响应(趋势重构、服务差异化和完全转型),帮助SMEs利用技术的跨越式发展来提升其创新地位。
Zimmer等,
2023[8]
Journal of Strategic Information Systems 案例
研究
探讨了数字工作场所转型(DWT)中的减法逻辑,即去制度化如何在DWT中展开。 基于制度理论,分析组织如何放弃与其数字转型目标冲突的工作场所惯例和技术的过程。 提出数字工作场所转型的过程模型,指出在数字化转型过程中,除了增加新技术外,还需要去除与转型目标冲突的现有技术和惯例,强调了去制度化在DWT中的重要性。
Prasetyo,
2024[24]
Technology in Society 案例
研究
研究了在印度尼西亚市场中,平台驱动型企业如何通过非正式经济活动推动数字化转型。 基于制度理论,分析平台驱动企业在新兴市场,特别是非正式经济环境中所面临的战略挑战和机遇。 提出四种平台驱动型企业与非正式经济活动的互动方式:服务标准化、社区重组、非员工共创和工具性协作,促进非正式经济活动的数字化转型。
Boon等,
2019[26]
Industry and Innovation 案例
研究
探究房屋共享平台Airbnb在数字化发展过程中的制度变革过程。 基于制度理论的制度工作概念,研究创新型平台的制度化过程。 Airbnb主要通过创建新制度来实现其发展目标,用户和非用户承担了大部分制度工作活动。
转型
结果
Tiwari等,
2024[37]
International Journal of Production Economics 定量
研究
分析“黑天鹅”事件(如COVID-19大流行或苏伊士运河堵塞)对供应链数字化转型的影响。 基于制度理论和权变视角,研究制度力量和环境突发事件如何推动供应链的数字化进程。 外部冲击显著推动供应链数字化转型,促使企业加速数字化以提升韧性和效率。此外,制度力量、组织准备度和人员准备度是推动供应链数字化转型的关键驱动力。
Dahabiyeh和
Constantinides,
2022[30]
Information and Organization 案例
研究
探讨数字签名技术在电子商务行业中的合法化过程,分析数字技术的可利用性及其对制度基础设施的影响。 基于制度场域和制度基础设施概念,探讨新兴数字技术的合法化过程。 新兴数字技术通过挑战现有制度基础设施,产生新议题,组织成员协商解决新议题,最终通过立法使其成为标准,实现数字签名技术的广泛应用。
Ionescu等,
2022[32]
Journal of Business Economics and Management 定量
研究
探索企业数字化对企业可持续发展绩效的影响,以及企业数字技术整合的障碍和支持性制度框架。 基于制度理论,分析制度框架对企业数字技术整合的影响。 完善的制度框架能够有效提高企业数字化整合水平。法治、政府有效性和创业便利性是促进企业数字化整合的关键因素。
Kropp和
Totzek,
2020[33]
Industrial Marketing Management 定量
研究
在用户系统数字化转型背景下,分析制度压力和智能产品服务系统的系统特征如何影响B2B客户对智能产品服务系统的接受度。 基于制度理论,分析制度压力对用户数字化转型(智能产品服务系统采用)的影响。 规范压力对客户采用智能产品服务系统的意图有倒U形效应。即中等水平的规范压力,会显著推动客户采用智能产品服务系统。
), ArticleFig(id=1309226328856027305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397381743640680, articleId=1309226321591492723, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

制度视角下数字化转型代表性文献的研究主题编码

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究
主题
代表性文献
作者/年份 文献来源 研究
方法
研究问题 理论应用 研究发现
驱动
力量
Liu等,
2024[2]
Technological Forecasting and Social
Change
案例
研究
探讨国有企业(中国移动和中国联通)数字化转型过程的关键因素,以及这些因素如何塑造转型路径。 基于制度理论,探究制度压力(尤其是强制压力和规范压力)影响国有企业数字化转型的机制。 制度压力、技术吸引和组织惯性共同影响国有企业的数字化转型过程。对于国有企业而言,制度压力的影响远大于技术吸引力。
Annosi等,
2021[16]
Industrial Marketing Management 案例
研究
如何通过数字化手段解决食物浪费问题。 基于制度理论,讨论数字技术在食品供应链中的采用和传播过程。 数字技术在提高供应链效率和减少食物浪费方面具有巨大潜力,而外部压力和制度环境是推动企业在食品供应链中采用数字技术实现转型的关键力量。
Cheah等,
2024[19]
Mnternational Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 案例
研究
文化因素如何影响网约车服务行业的国际市场扩展。 基于制度理论,揭示外部制度环境(文化因素)对数字平台生存与发展的影响。 消费者的文化背景显著影响了网约车服务的需求和接受度,忽视文化认知合法性会导致数字平台扩展服务失败。
转型
过程
Chen和Filieri,
2024[21]
Technological
Forecasting and
Social Change
案例
研究
探讨了小型组织(SMEs)在面对持续演变的技术时,如何在复杂的制度环境中进行技术采用和创新。 基于制度理论,分析制度力量的作用并提出三种战略响应策略。 制度力量在技术采用的各个阶段都发挥了重要作用,SMEs可以通过响应这些力量来重塑其创新地位。论文提出了三种战略响应(趋势重构、服务差异化和完全转型),帮助SMEs利用技术的跨越式发展来提升其创新地位。
Zimmer等,
2023[8]
Journal of Strategic Information Systems 案例
研究
探讨了数字工作场所转型(DWT)中的减法逻辑,即去制度化如何在DWT中展开。 基于制度理论,分析组织如何放弃与其数字转型目标冲突的工作场所惯例和技术的过程。 提出数字工作场所转型的过程模型,指出在数字化转型过程中,除了增加新技术外,还需要去除与转型目标冲突的现有技术和惯例,强调了去制度化在DWT中的重要性。
Prasetyo,
2024[24]
Technology in Society 案例
研究
研究了在印度尼西亚市场中,平台驱动型企业如何通过非正式经济活动推动数字化转型。 基于制度理论,分析平台驱动企业在新兴市场,特别是非正式经济环境中所面临的战略挑战和机遇。 提出四种平台驱动型企业与非正式经济活动的互动方式:服务标准化、社区重组、非员工共创和工具性协作,促进非正式经济活动的数字化转型。
Boon等,
2019[26]
Industry and Innovation 案例
研究
探究房屋共享平台Airbnb在数字化发展过程中的制度变革过程。 基于制度理论的制度工作概念,研究创新型平台的制度化过程。 Airbnb主要通过创建新制度来实现其发展目标,用户和非用户承担了大部分制度工作活动。
转型
结果
Tiwari等,
2024[37]
International Journal of Production Economics 定量
研究
分析“黑天鹅”事件(如COVID-19大流行或苏伊士运河堵塞)对供应链数字化转型的影响。 基于制度理论和权变视角,研究制度力量和环境突发事件如何推动供应链的数字化进程。 外部冲击显著推动供应链数字化转型,促使企业加速数字化以提升韧性和效率。此外,制度力量、组织准备度和人员准备度是推动供应链数字化转型的关键驱动力。
Dahabiyeh和
Constantinides,
2022[30]
Information and Organization 案例
研究
探讨数字签名技术在电子商务行业中的合法化过程,分析数字技术的可利用性及其对制度基础设施的影响。 基于制度场域和制度基础设施概念,探讨新兴数字技术的合法化过程。 新兴数字技术通过挑战现有制度基础设施,产生新议题,组织成员协商解决新议题,最终通过立法使其成为标准,实现数字签名技术的广泛应用。
Ionescu等,
2022[32]
Journal of Business Economics and Management 定量
研究
探索企业数字化对企业可持续发展绩效的影响,以及企业数字技术整合的障碍和支持性制度框架。 基于制度理论,分析制度框架对企业数字技术整合的影响。 完善的制度框架能够有效提高企业数字化整合水平。法治、政府有效性和创业便利性是促进企业数字化整合的关键因素。
Kropp和
Totzek,
2020[33]
Industrial Marketing Management 定量
研究
在用户系统数字化转型背景下,分析制度压力和智能产品服务系统的系统特征如何影响B2B客户对智能产品服务系统的接受度。 基于制度理论,分析制度压力对用户数字化转型(智能产品服务系统采用)的影响。 规范压力对客户采用智能产品服务系统的意图有倒U形效应。即中等水平的规范压力,会显著推动客户采用智能产品服务系统。
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制度视角下的数字化转型:理论探索与框架构建
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余江 1, 2 , 卢燃 1, 2 , 陈凤 1, 2 , 张越 1, 2
科学学研究 | 理论与方法 2026,44(6): 1206-1216
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科学学研究 |理论与方法 2026 , 44 (6) : 1206 -1216
制度视角下的数字化转型:理论探索与框架构建
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余江1, 2, 卢燃1, 2 , 陈凤1, 2, 张越1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190
  • 2 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院, 北京 100049
通讯作者:
卢燃(1999-),女,满族,博士研究生, E-mail:。
作者简介:

余江(1969-),男,教授、博士生导师。

陈凤(1993-),女,助理研究员。

张越(1988-),女,副研究员。

Digital transformation from an institutional perspective: Theoretical exploration and framework construction
Jiang YU1, 2, Ran LU1, 2 , Feng CHEN1, 2, Yue ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 2 School of Public Policy and Management, Uuiversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
出版时间: 2026-06-15
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数字化转型作为重塑现代社会组织形态与治理范式的革命性力量,正持续挑战传统管理理论的解释边界,其内在的制度性张力和系统性耦合机制亟待理论解构与范式创新。从制度视角切入,利用系统文献综述法,结合python和R语言分析,归纳数字化转型的前因、过程与结果,构建了“驱动力量—转型过程—转型结果”的分析框架。首先,基于制度压力,分析政策、法律、社会期望、竞争、最佳实践、行业标准等制度要素如何驱动数字化转型。其次,揭示组织数字化转型去制度化与再制度化的演进机制,提出数字化转型是传统制度规范的解构与新制度框架构建之间的循环演进过程。最后,讨论制度驱动的数字化转型成果,包括技术采用与功能实现、服务化与智能化转型以及供应链与组织协作的重构。研究突破了数字化转型的技术-组织二元分析框架,揭示了“数字化陷阱”的制度根源,为理解制度环境与数字化转型的复杂关系提供了新的理论视角。

数字化转型  /  制度理论  /  制度变革  /  制度压力

Digital transformation (DT) is increasingly recognized as a disruptive force reshaping organizational structures, governance models, and societal paradigms. As businesses and institutions undergo digital transformation, they are confronted with challenges that question the traditional boundaries of management theories. These challenges are not only technological but also deeply institutional, involving tensions between existing institutional norms and the emerging demands of the digital era. This transformation brings with it a complex interplay of institutional pressures and systemic coupling mechanisms that have yet to be fully understood or theorized. Therefore, the need for theoretical deconstruction and paradigm innovation is crucial to comprehending the transformative processes in the digital age. This study, using an institutional perspective, addresses these gaps by applying a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, coupled with Python and R language analyses, to synthesize the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of digital transformation. The goal is to develop a robust analytical framework that provides both theoretical insights and practical guidance on how organizations can navigate the complexities of digital transformation.

The research constructs an analytical framework that centers on the triadic structure of “driving forces—transformation process—transformation outcomes.” This framework aims to integrate the dynamic relationships between external institutional drivers, the organizational transformation processes they induce, and the resulting organizational outcomes in the context of digital transformation.

Firstly, the study explores how institutional pressures such as policy, legislation, social expectations, competitive forces, best practices, and industry standards shape the digital transformation journey. It analyzes the ways in which these external forces—acting as institutional elements—drive organizational change by compelling firms to adopt digital technologies. The role of institutional pressures in fostering organizational adaptability to new digital practices is critically examined, with particular attention to the mechanisms through which organizations respond to external environmental shifts. The study emphasizes how these institutional drivers contribute to the acceleration of digital transformation across various sectors, compelling businesses to reconsider traditional practices and adopt new digital strategies.

Secondly, the paper delves into the mechanisms of de-institutionalization and re-institutionalization within organizations undergoing digital transformation. It posits that digital transformation is not simply the adoption of new technologies but also involves a cyclical process of dismantling traditional institutional norms (de-institutionalization) and constructing new institutional frameworks (re-institutionalization). This dynamic is central to understanding how organizations must manage the tensions between old and new systems during digital transformation. The study also highlights the evolutionary nature of this process, showing that organizations must constantly adjust and adapt as they encounter new digital technologies, competitive pressures, and regulatory demands.

Finally, the paper discusses the institutional outcomes of digital transformation, focusing on how these transformations lead to shifts in organizational structures and business models. Key outcomes discussed include technology adoption and the realization of new digital functions, servitization and intelligent transformation of products and services, and the reconfiguration of supply chains and organizational collaboration. These outcomes underscore how digital transformation is deeply institutionalized, affecting not only technological adoption but also the very way organizations operate and collaborate across value chains. The study provides a framework for understanding these outcomes through the lens of institutional theory, revealing how institutional environments play a significant role in shaping the trajectory and success of digital transformations.

From a theoretical perspective, this study constructs a multi-level analytical framework for digital transformation, integrating the fragmented research on digital transformation from an institutional perspective. It emphasizes that institutional pressures drive digital transformation through three mechanisms (coercive, normative, and mimetic), and proposes a dual process of de-institutionalization and re-institutionalization. This not only explains the institutional roots of the phenomenon of "digitalization without transformation," but also fills the gap between institutional theory and transformation practices in the context of the digital economy. From a practical perspective, the study highlights that China’s multiple transformation tasks require the external force of institutional environments to drive digital transformation. It suggests strengthening institutional supply and adaptation at the government, industry, and organizational levels to promote the deep integration and sustainable development of digital transformation.

digital transformation  /  institutional theory  /  institutional reform  /  institutional pressure
余江, 卢燃, 陈凤, 张越. 制度视角下的数字化转型:理论探索与框架构建. 科学学研究, 2026 , 44 (6) : 1206 -1216 .
Jiang YU, Ran LU, Feng CHEN, Yue ZHANG. Digital transformation from an institutional perspective: Theoretical exploration and framework construction[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026 , 44 (6) : 1206 -1216 .
随着数字技术的快速演进,数字化转型正日益成为推动我国数字经济与实体经济深度融合、改造传统动能与培育新动能的关键路径。2023年《数字中国建设整体布局规划》及“十四五”规划均明确提出以数字化驱动生产、生活与治理方式变革,彰显出国家层面对数字化转型的高度重视。数字化转型不仅是技术引入的过程,更是组织在制度环境驱动下,通过技术赋能实现业务流程、组织结构和战略重塑的系统性变革。然而,实践中“有数字化无转型”现象表明转型成效并非仅由技术决定,制度因素起着至关重要的作用。一些企业虽部署大数据与人工智能,但未实现与核心业务的有效整合,其转型受限于缺乏制度适配与资源协同。相反,行业协会等制度性中介可通过资源赋能与合法性建构机制,助力企业更好适应转型中的制度要求,顺利过渡数字化转型[1]。
已有研究指出组织变革需要全新的制度逻辑[2],尽管基于制度视角的数字化转型研究日益增多,但尚缺乏系统的理论总结和框架构建。本文从制度视角出发,聚焦数字化转型的驱动力量、转型过程与转型结果,试图回答以下核心问题:第一,政策、法律、社会规范、行业标准等制度要素驱动组织数字化转型的机制是什么?第二,在数字化转型中,传统制度规范如何被解构(去制度化),新制度框架如何构建(再制度化)来应对制度压力实现制度变革?第三,多维制度要素推动的组织数字化转型将带来哪些成果?为系统回答上述核心问题,本文采用系统文献综述法(Systematic Literature Review, SLR),结合python、R语言对样本文献进行编码和计量分析。在此基础上构建“驱动力量—转型过程—转型结果”的理论框架,为制度理论与数字化转型的交叉研究提供了新的理论模型与分析思路。
数字化转型作为跨学科议题,尚未形成统一定义,现有研究多从技术创新、组织变革和TOE框架等视角进行探讨[3-5]。技术创新视角关注数字技术驱动逻辑[3,4],组织变革视角强调动态战略管理[3,4],TOE框架则整合技术、组织与环境要素,但相对忽视制度与文化的作用[5]。机制研究方面,数字化转型主要由数字资源与非数字资源驱动:前者通过数据与技术提升组织能力,后者强调政策支持等外部推动[6]。评价体系方面,研究数字化成熟度模型(digital maturity model)衡量转型水平[6]。异质性研究方面,数字化转型受到行业属性和组织类型影响,如制造业更关注流程自动化,服务业强调客户体验[6]。尽管已有多维度理论研究,尚缺乏制度视角的系统分析框架。
从组织适应性来看,制度理论揭示外部环境如何通过强制压力(coercive pressures)、模仿压力(mimetic pressures)与规范压力(normative pressures)塑造组织行为[7]。从组织主动性来看,数字化转型中伴随的“去制度化”与“再制度化”过程有助于理解组织如何在制度张力下调整结构与行为[8]。去制度化指传统制度规范在新技术与外部压力影响下被解构,为新制度腾出空间;再制度化则通过建立新规则、标准和文化实现制度重构,使数字技术真正嵌入组织实践,推动转型目标实现。该框架突破了技术-组织二元视角,强调外部制度环境对转型路径的影响,并为探讨传统制度如何在数字技术冲击下重构提供了理论支持。
本研究采用系统文献综述方法,并结合Python与R语言开展编码与知识图谱分析,以系统梳理制度视角下的数字化转型研究。文献检索基于Web of Science和Scopus数据库,设置两组关键词,institution* AND (digital transformation OR digitalisation OR digitalization OR digitisation OR digitization),以及institution* AND digital AND innovation,以覆盖广泛的制度理论与数字化转型研究主题,初步获取文献约1.25万篇。筛选流程包括:第一,限定学科领域为“management”“business”“economics”“business, finance,”“social sciences interdisciplinary”和“operations research/management science”,排除非英文文献与非正式出版物,合并去重后得到4019篇独立文献;第二,依据JCR影响因子筛选Q1和Q2期刊,筛选类别包括“management,”“business,”“economics,”“business, finance,”“social sciences interdisciplinary,” 和“operations research/management science”,缩减至973篇;第三,基于标题、摘要与关键词进行初筛,聚焦文献是否将制度构念与数字化议题作为核心研究对象,进一步压缩至221篇;第四,通过全文阅读,按照以下标准筛选出最终样本:(1)制度与数字化转型相关构念在正文中有明确界定或理论性阐述,如果仅在关键词、摘要或引言中提及,但未在正文中进一步解释,则将其排除;(2)由于政府和非政府组织的运作逻辑和制度环境存在显著差异,仅保留以非政府组织为研究对象的文献样本。最终保留101篇高质量文献用于后续分析。
在数据处理方面,本文使用Python工具提取作者、年份、期刊、研究方法、理论框架与主要发现等结构化信息,建立文献编码数据库。同时,借助R语言进行共词与共引分析,识别研究热点与知识基础。共词结果如图1所示,创新、技术、转型、绩效和管理等是国外该领域研究关注的焦点;共引分析结果如图2所示,DiMaggio和Powell、Meyer和Rowan、Scott是国外该领域研究的核心共被引文献[7,9,10]。总体来看,数字化转型研究已由早期的技术采纳逻辑拓展至制度环境与组织行为的综合分析,制度理论为揭示数字化转型中的路径差异与复杂性提供了关键理论支撑。
基于系统文献综述对代表性文献深入分析,结合专家编码结果,本文构建了制度视角下“驱动力量—转型过程—转型结果”的数字化转型分析框架(如图3所示)。该框架从三个层次展开:首先,在驱动力量层面,数字化转型驱动力分为强制压力、模仿压力和规范压力,分别代表政策法规、竞争压力及行业标准等外部环境因素对数字化转型的驱动作用[7]。其次,在转型过程层面,结合制度变迁的去制度化与再制度化视角[11,12],揭示数字化转型的多层嵌套、循环演进机制,既受外部法定压力的推动,也涉及内部效率需求驱动[9]。最后,在转型结果层面,重点分析数字化转型的多维输出,包括技术采用与功能实现、服务化与智能化转型以及供应链与组织协作重构。
(1)驱动力量:制度压力驱动的数字化转型
强制压力、模仿压力和规范压力推动数字化变革的方式不同,但彼此之间相互交织,共同塑造组织和行业的数字化路径。
强制压力是外部权威机构通过政策、法律与社会预期对组织施加的制度约束,决定了数字化转型的基本方向。政府通过颁布数字战略、制定激励措施或强制要求推动数字化发展。例如,中国联通等国有企业的数字化转型更受制度驱动影响,通过政策文件指引明确转型路径[13,14],完成数字化布局[2]。法律约束则要求组织遵循数字规范,如Chen和Lu研究表明实施数字技术行政处罚可以营造有利于大数据创新的商业生态系统,激励机制促使企业增加长期技术创新投资,而威慑机制确保市场存在有序竞争,为企业数字化转型提供发展环境。社会预期则推动组织提供更透明、高效的数字化服务[15]。如Annosi等发现,在食品供应链中,合规要求与公众期望共同促使企业引入数字技术以提升透明度并减少浪费[16]。
模仿压力源于行业内不确定性与竞争情境下的趋同行为,组织为降低风险、保持竞争力选择模仿行业先行者的数字化路径。其主要表现为复制“最佳实践”、跟进竞争策略,以及因技术与管理不确定性所产生的依附行为。最佳实践方面,组织通常通过模仿行业领先者的成功案例提升效率。例如,Uber的成功激发了Lyft、滴滴等共享出行平台的快速兴起[2]。竞争压力方面,行业内其他组织通过数字化转型加剧了竞争,迫使组织跟随转型以维持市场竞争力。在医疗领域,D'aunno等指出,部分农村医院通过模仿成功转型的组织模式,扩展为药物治疗或养老机构,以适应市场变化[17]。不确定性亦是模仿行为的重要诱因,影响技术、价值链关系、数字化流程和结果预期等多个方面[18],增加组织经营风险并推动组织采用相似的数字策略。
规范压力源于社会规范、行业标准和文化价值观,促使组织自愿接受并推进数字化转型。其作用通过三个途径体现:首先,行业标准的统一推动了相关技术的扩散与采纳,如5G标准和IEEE主导的区块链协议标准在通信与数字基础设施领域的推广[2,13],带动了行业的数字化转型。其次,价值认同层面,组织的数字化路径是否契合主流社会理念,是其能否获得合法性的重要基础。例如Airbnb通过倡导共享经济理念,成功赢得用户和资本市场认同,突破传统酒店业限制[2]。最后,文化约束显著影响数字技术采纳路径,Cheah等指出,滴滴、Grab和Gojek等平台在本地市场成功的关键,在于其对文化和支付习惯的深度适应。反之,Uber未能适应东南亚文化环境导致退出,说明忽视文化合法性将严重阻碍转型成效[19]。
(2)转型过程:数字化转型中的去制度化和再制度化过程
数字经济催生新规范与规则,带来平台与生态系统等制度形态,推动原有制度迭代更新。新制度范式常与组织既有模式产生冲突[20],组织需通过“去制度化—再制度化”的制度变迁,适应变革需求。其中,去制度化破除旧制度,为新制度奠定空间;再制度化则通过制度建构确保转型持续性。
①去制度化阶段。该阶段主要通过技术冲击、权力关系重构和规范解构促使旧制度瓦解。首先,AI、大数据等新兴技术对传统流程产生冲击,要求组织重构技术体系以适应制度变化[2]。Chen和Filieri提出三类技术跃迁策略:趋势重构、服务差异化与完全转型策略,为组织提供不同应对方案[21]。其次,数字生态系统打破等级结构,引入异质创新主体,重塑权力格局[22]。Butler指出,系统开发中的“制度张力(institutional tension)”需通过新旧力量协调解决。第三,规范解构挑战既有行业规则与行为惯例,为制度创新提供基础。如Zimmer等案例中,企业取消IT权限等级限制以提升内部协同效率[8];Sherer等指出EHR系统重塑了医疗流程[23];Prasetyo发现平台企业以统一标准重构非正式经济制度环境[24]。
②再制度化阶段。再制度化通过制度创新、协作模式优化与文化重塑推动制度新秩序的建立。首先,制度创新促使新规范嵌入组织实践。Yu等指出,在中国AI产业中,数据控制主体通过制度创业推动制度演进[25];Airbnb通过制度工作重构平台规制[26]。然而,如尼日利亚平台企业的案例表明,若制度配套缺失,数字化尝试易陷入困境[27]。其次,协作模式重构是再制度化核心路径之一。Xing等发现,企业、高校与研究机构通过平台与数字工具强化跨组织知识协同[28]。IBM和NASA等通过合法性建构和角色重塑,完成协作模式的范式转变[2]。再次,文化重塑通过制度化数据驱动、敏捷开发等理念,推动组织价值观与行为逻辑更新。Hinings等提出三类制度机制:数字组织形式(如Airbnb/Uber)、数字基础设施(如Apple平台规则)和制度模块(如ERP系统),共同重塑企业文化与管理模式[2]。
③去制度化与再制度化的互动特征。数字化转型呈现“循环演进”与“多层嵌套”的制度变革特征。一方面,去制度化与再制度化交替发生,旧制度与新制度长期共存,形成过渡性结构[29]。如风电行业政策中支持与监管并存,体现制度目标的动态冲突与整合。另一方面,制度变迁具有多层嵌套特征,组织、行业与社会层面的制度变革相互耦合。组织层面,内部层级结构再造与数字协作机制并行演进;行业层面,平台型商业模式瓦解旧行业规范;社会层面,法律认知与公众行为转变推动制度合法性建构。如美国数字签名的制度合法化涉及组织层面的流程重构、行业层面的集体推动及社会层面的法律改革[30]。
综上所述,数字化转型过程体现为旧制度的解构与新制度的建构之间的动态演化。去制度化通过技术冲击、权力重构和规范解构破除旧有制度基础,而再制度化则通过制度创新、协作重塑与文化变革嵌入新制度逻辑。二者交替循环、跨层嵌套,共同推动组织适应复杂多变的数字化环境。
(3)转型结果:技术功能、数字服务与新型协作的实现
在制度压力推动下,数字化转型不仅加快了技术应用与功能实现,还促进了数字服务转型和跨组织协作模式的重构。数字化转型已超越技术层面,涵盖业务流程优化、服务智能化和平台协同等多维变革。
首先,数字化转型的结果之一是技术采用与功能实现,制度力量在其中发挥至关重要的作用。在医疗领域,Sherer等发现美国《HITECH法案》中的强制性政策推动了EHR系统的普及,同时模仿与规范机制促进了医务人员的广泛采纳[23]。在供应链场景中,Jiang等指出,行业规范、政府政策与道德领导者行为共同推动了数字技术在供应链中的应用[31]。在制度规制与技术创新方面,Chen和Lu基于281个中国城市数据发现,数字技术行政处罚机制可通过规范与激励机制促进大数据技术创新,从而增强企业长期创新能力[15]。针对新兴技术扩散路径,Dahabiyeh和Constantinides通过研究数字签名技术的制度合法化路径,强调制度环境在推动新兴技术广泛应用中的作用[30]。此外,制度环境的质量亦是数字技术建设与可持续转型的重要制度性保障。Ionescu等的实证研究表明,完善的制度框架(如健全的法治环境和高效的政府治理)能够有效降低技术部署门槛,促进企业技术整合与数字能力发展[32]。
其次,数字化转型带来了服务化与智能化组织变革,组织服务模式正在从传统的产品交付逐步转向智能化和服务化转型。在智能化转型方面,智能系统的采用在许多行业中逐渐成为一种趋势。Kropp和Totzek指出,规范压力对客户采纳智能产品服务系统意愿产生显著影响,推动企业将智能功能嵌入产品中以增强客户体验[32]。在服务化转型方面,Agnihotri等强调,制度环境强化了企业服务化的国际化路径,使其在高资源承诺模式下借助数字工具优化客户关系,实现精准营销与个性化服务[33]。Chen和Zuo发现制度压力促使旅游企业广泛采用AI客服和自动化服务系统,提升服务效率与响应速度[34]。
最后,数字化转型进一步重塑组织间协作结构与供应链体系。一方面,在数字时代催生的平台化商业模式中,组织通过制度工作不断争取社会认同与合法性[26]。与传统依赖政府许可的合法性模式不同,这类制度合法性更多由用户群体与社会规范共同建构[36]。在此过程中,技术平台不仅提供便捷的服务,更通过制度创新强化资源共享与协作能力,从而推动跨组织协同。另一方面,供应链数字化正成为增强组织韧性的重要路径。Tiwari等的研究表明,COVID-19等外部冲击加快了数字化供应链部署,组织借助数字工显著提升了应变能力和协调效率。其中,制度力量通过强制、规范和模仿机制共同驱动这一转型[37]。
综上,制度力量通过推动数字技术采纳、服务智能化升级及平台协作模式优化,驱动组织实现功能跃迁与结构转型。这些变革提升了运营效率与竞争优势,也为应对复杂环境挑战提供了制度性支撑。针对以上研究主题,本文综合考量文章核心议题的相关度选取了代表性文献,形成表格如表1。
未来的数字化转型研究可聚焦三个方向:研究主题方面,一是探索制度压力对不同行业数字化转型的差异性影响,特别是在制造业与互联网行业中,探讨产业间制度环境差异对转型路径、速度和成效的作用;二是研究去制度化与再制度化的动态平衡机制,研究两者的互动关系,帮助组织在保持创新灵活性的同时实现制度稳定与可持续发展;三是研究数字化转型的社会-技术系统复杂性,从制度创新与技术创新的交汇点出发,深入探讨技术、制度与社会的耦合机制及其对组织结构与制度演进的影响。研究方法方面,未来可采用跨学科分析方法,结合经济学、社会学与管理学理论,揭示数字化转型的复杂机制。此外,人工智能和机器学习可用于分析制度与技术因素之间的关系,通过挖掘大数据识别制度变迁对数字化转型的潜在影响,并预测不同制度环境下的转型效果。在应用领域方面,全球制度差异正在重塑国际数字竞争格局,未来可以研究不同国家在数据保护、互联网治理和知识产权制度上的差异,分析其对跨国数字化转型的影响,探索跨国企业如何应对制度冲突、促进技术共享,并推动全球数字治理机制的协同演进。
本研究基于系统文献综述深入分析制度环境与数字化转型之间的关系研究,得出以下主要结论:第一,制度环境通过强制、模仿和规范三重压力驱动数字化转型。三类力量在不同行业和情境中相互交织与作用,促进组织数字化转型进程。第二,数字化转型是去制度化与再制度化的动态变迁过程。去制度化破除旧有制度束缚,为新制度的引入提供条件,而再制度化通过巩固新制度确保数字化变革的持续性。第三,制度压力在技术采用与功能实现、数字服务与智能化转型,以及供应链与组织的新型协作模式方面推动数字化转型在多维度形成转型成果。这些变化共同推动整体效率提升,为组织和行业创造新价值。
本研究从制度理论视角系统构建了数字化转型的多层次分析框架,突破了现有研究偏重技术或组织层面的局限,揭示了制度压力通过强制、规范和模仿三重机制跨层次驱动数字化转型的路径演化。通过整合“驱动力量-转型过程-转型结果”三阶段逻辑,提出制度演进视角下数字化转型的核心在于去制度化与再制度化的双重变迁过程,这既解释了“有数字化无转型”现象的制度根源,也弥补了数字经济背景下制度理论与转型实践的研究断层。研究不仅拓展了制度理论在数字时代的解释边界,通过构建制度变迁双重过程模型为不同情境下的数字化转型提供了普适性分析工具,更在理论层面实现了从现象描述向机制解析的深化,为理解中国式数字化转型的特殊性与制度创新的理论建构奠定了学理基础。
在当前复杂多变的国际环境与中国多重转型任务交织的背景下,推动数字经济与实体经济的深度融合,亟需系统识别并把握制度环境对数字化转型所具有的独特推动机制与路径塑造能力。中国正面临市场化、法治化与信息化的叠加转型压力,传统制度惯性在一定程度上制约了数字化变革的广度与深度,导致“有数字化无转型”现象广泛存在。因此,从制度视角出发厘清有效制度压力的形成机制与作用逻辑,既是实现数字中国、数字经济和数字社会协同建设的关键支点,也为后发国家跨越数字鸿沟提供了具有普遍意义的“制度杠杆”参考模式。为此,应从三方面着手:一是强化政府在制度供给与能力赋能上的双轮驱动作用,通过法规制定、绩效考核与弹性监管,构建强制性制度压力与适应性支持体系并重的政策框架;二是推动行业层面的制度传导机制升级,从“头雁引领”向“生态协同”转型,通过供应链认证、行业白名单与数据共享机制,构建跨组织、跨行业的制度协同网络,提升整体数字转型效率与系统韧性;三是推动组织与社会层面的制度适应与文化重塑,通过设立首席数字化转型官、推广数字素养教育和公众参与机制,强化组织内部制度执行力与社会层面对技术变革的认知与支持,从而实现制度压力的有效内嵌与数字化转型的可持续推进。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(72334007)
  • 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大资助项目(25JJD630001)
参考文献 引证文献
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2026年第44卷第6期
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  • 接收时间:2025-08-11
  • 首发时间:2026-09-22
  • 出版时间:2026-06-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11
  • 修回日期:2025-10-04
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72334007)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大资助项目(25JJD630001)
作者信息
    1 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190
    2 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院, 北京 100049

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卢燃(1999-),女,满族,博士研究生, E-mail:。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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