Article(id=1281688124124283590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, issueId=1281687939268719086, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131, pmid=null, cstr=32142.14.cjss.2025-0131, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1753891200000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-31, revisedDate=1765209600000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1783507861404, onlineDateStr=2026-07-08, pubDate=1773504000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783507861404, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783507861404, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1783507861404, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1281687939268719086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, year='2026', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='265', pageEnd='566', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773504000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783507817332, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1783508069046, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1281688995138605320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, issueId=1281687939268719086, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1281688995138605321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, issueId=1281687939268719086, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=548, endPage=555, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1281688124333998791, articleId=1281688124124283590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, language=EN, title=A Dataset of Geomagnetic Kpest Index from Individual Stations (2022-2024), columnId=1281687940736729206, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Space Science, columnName=Science Data Paper, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The Kp index is a parameter designed to indicate the level of global geomagnetic disturbances originating from the interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere. The index is defined at 3-hour intervals and has 28 levels. Kp is a global version of the local K index, which was conceived by Bartels and is commonly used in scientific research of the solar-terrestrial relationship. The continuity of the index over 50 year makes it particularly valuable in studies of solar-cycle variations and other long-term effects on interplanetary and magnetospheric phenomena. For example, Kp has been used in studies of solar wind shock waves, the interplanetary magnetic field, plasma density variations in the magnetosphere, and magnetospheric ULF waves. In addition, the index is widely used as an input to magnetospheric/ionospheric models. For example, the plasmapause is modeled to move closer to the Earth with increasing Kp. The location of substorm injection is modeled to have a similar Kp dependence. The magnetic field model of Tsyganenko has an explicit Kp dependence, and the magnetotail becomes more stretched for higher Kp. These models are used both in scientific research and in monitoring and predicting space weather. In 2011, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences established the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Environment Monitoring Network, which included Mohe, Beijing, Langfang, Sanya, and Fuke stations. A geomagnetic Kpest index, which can effectively identify the day-to-day variation characteristics of the geomagnetic regular daily variation, reflect the seasonal and local time effects of geomagnetic disturbances, and is suitable for the distribution characteristics of China’s geomagnetic observatory network, has been developed through the integration and processing of the H-component monitoring data from fluxgate magnetometers at these five geomagnetic observatory stations. This dataset contains the geomagnetic Kpest indices for the five geomagnetic observatory stations from 2022 to 2024. It addresses the current situation where the official Kp index is released with a two-week delay, failing to meet operational requirements, and can provide data support for space weather forecasting services.

, authors=Jing WANG1, Qiuzhen ZHONG1, 2, Bingxian LUO1, 2, Xiao WANG1, Mingliang ZHAO1, Yonghong CHENG1, Hua SHEN1, authorsList=Jing WANG, Qiuzhen ZHONG, Bingxian LUO, Xiao WANG, Mingliang ZHAO, Yonghong CHENG, Hua SHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qiuzhen ZHONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1281688128125649632, articleId=1281688124124283590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, language=CN, title=单台站地磁Kpest指数数据集(2022-2024年), columnId=1281687940904501368, journalTitle=空间科学学报, columnName=数据论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

2011年中国科学院国家空间科学中心建立了中国科学院空间环境监测网, 地磁台站分别位于漠河、北京、廊坊、三亚、富克. 通过融合处理这5个地磁台站磁通门磁力仪H分量监测数据, 发展一种可以有效识别地磁规则日变化, 反映地磁扰动季节变化和地方时效应, 并且适合中国地磁台网分布特性的估算地磁指数Kpest. 本数据集包含2022-2024年5个地磁台站的地磁指数Kpest, 能够改变目前官方Kp指数发布延迟2周无法满足业务需求的现状, 为空间天气预报服务提供数据支撑.

, authors=王晶1, 钟秋珍1, 2, 罗冰显1, 2, 王霄1, 赵明亮1, 程永宏1, 沈华1, authorsList=王晶, 钟秋珍, 罗冰显, 王霄, 赵明亮, 程永宏, 沈华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=钟秋珍, authorNote=

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
钟秋珍 E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=©The Author(s) 2026. This is an open access article under the CC-BY 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=bQe14k8YiVfG6ikWh9KBLg==, magXml=fr8tAro6OuYt7Md/Ga8MQQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=odVvtatL1LQhJaOhe0TTjw==, pdfFileSize=6473442, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=5VSQ8s+XKTRx1kXPBMaaFQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=IPKLjcgEFQg2XJYCnxS9Vg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1281688128519914216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jwang@nssc.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128603800298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128519914216, language=EN, stringName=Jing WANG, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128679297771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128519914216, language=CN, stringName=王晶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio={"img":"qf7b2yvaflBS5je8XH41Jw==","content":"

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

"}, bioImg=qf7b2yvaflBS5je8XH41Jw==, bioContent=

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688128742212333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhongqz@nssc.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128838681328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128742212333, language=EN, stringName=Qiuzhen ZHONG, firstName=Qiuzhen, middleName=null, lastName=ZHONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128918373105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128742212333, language=CN, stringName=钟秋珍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408, bio={"img":"+uvmRIC2KV+Tjc9HUrGh/w==","content":"

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

"}, bioImg=+uvmRIC2KV+Tjc9HUrGh/w==, bioContent=

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281688128427639524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128436028133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128444416742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408)])]), Author(id=1281688128981287667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129065173750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128981287667, language=EN, stringName=Bingxian LUO, firstName=Bingxian, middleName=null, lastName=LUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129161642743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128981287667, language=CN, stringName=罗冰显, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281688128427639524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128436028133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128444416742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408)])]), Author(id=1281688129237140217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129329414907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129237140217, language=EN, stringName=Xiao WANG, firstName=Xiao, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129388135164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129237140217, language=CN, stringName=王霄, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129451049726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129522352896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129451049726, language=EN, stringName=Mingliang ZHAO, firstName=Mingliang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129589461761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129451049726, language=CN, stringName=赵明亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129648182019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129748845317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129648182019, language=EN, stringName=Yonghong CHENG, firstName=Yonghong, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129828537094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129648182019, language=CN, stringName=程永宏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129895645960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129979532042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129895645960, language=EN, stringName=Hua SHEN, firstName=Hua, middleName=null, lastName=SHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688130084389643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129895645960, language=CN, stringName=沈华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1281688130201830156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Kpest index), Keyword(id=1281688130256356109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Geomagnetic storm), Keyword(id=1281688130327659278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Space weather), Keyword(id=1281688131548201743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Fluxgate magnetometer), Keyword(id=1281688133502747408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=Kpest指数), Keyword(id=1281688133586633489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=地磁暴), Keyword(id=1281688133729239826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=空间天气), Keyword(id=1281688133829903123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=磁通门磁力仪)], refs=[Reference(id=1281688137676079914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐文耀. 地球电磁现象物理学[M]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2009, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688137743188779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Wenyao. Physics of Electromagnetic Phenomena of the Earth[M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2009, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688137801909036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WELLING D T, ANDRÉ M, DANDOURAS I, et al. The earth: plasma sources, losses, and transport processes[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2015, 192(1/2/3/4): 145-208, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688137885795117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EMERY B A, COUMANS V, EVANS D S, et al. Seasonal, Kp, solar wind, and solar flux variations in long-term single-pass satellite estimates of electron and ion auroral hemispheric power[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2008, 113(A6): A06311, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688137957098286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GOLDSTEIN J, DE PASCUALE S, KLETZING C, et al. Simulation of Van Allen probes plasmapause encounters[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2014, 119(9): 7464-7484, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138036790063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PIERRARD V, GOLDSTEIN J, ANDRÉ N, et al. Recent progress in physics-based models of the plasmasphere[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2009, 145(1/2): 193-229, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138124870448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DENTON M H, HENDERSON M G, JORDANOVA V K, et al. An improved empirical model of electron and ion fluxes at geosynchronous orbit based on upstream solar wind conditions[J]. Space Weather, 2016, 14(7): 511-523, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138187785009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KORTH H, THOMSEN M F, BOROVSKY J E, et al. Plasma sheet access to geosynchronous orbit[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1999, 104(A11): 25047-25061, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138267476786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CARPENTER D L, ANDERSON R R. An ISEE/whistler model of equatorial electron density in the magnetosphere[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1992, 97(A2): 1097-1108, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138359751475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TSYGANENKO N A. A magnetospheric magnetic field model with a warped tail current sheet[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 1989, 37(1): 5-20, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138435248948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AGAPITOV O V, ARTEMYEV A V, MOURENAS D, et al. Empirical model of lower band chorus wave distribution in the outer radiation belt[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2015, 120(12): 10425-10442, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138498163509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ORLOVA K, SPASOJEVIC M, SHPRITS Y. Activity-dependent global model of electron loss inside the plasmasphere[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2014, 41(11): 3744-3751, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138569466678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王庚. 地磁Kp指数现报模式及全球K指数分布预报模式[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院(空间科学与应用研究中心), 2015, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138653352759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Geng. Algorithm for Nowcast of Kp Index and A Model for Forecast of Global K Index Distribution[D]. Beijing: Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138745627448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WING S, JOHNSON J R, JEN J, et al. Kp forecast models[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2005, 110(A4): A04203, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138808542009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王晓美, 滕云田, 马洁美, 等. 地磁矢量场观测数据一致性校正方法: 中国, 201810101718.8[P]. 2025-07-31, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138884039482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Xiaomen, TENG Yuntian, MA Jiemei, et al. Geomagnetic vector field observation data consistency correction method: CN, 201810101718.8[P]. 2025-07-31, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688138951148347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAKAHASHI K, TOTH B A, OLSON J V. An automated procedure for near-real-time Kp estimates[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2001, 106(A10): 21017-21032, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688139076977468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BITTERLY M, MENVIELLE M, BITTERLY J, et al. A comparison between computer derived (FMI method) and hand-scaled K indices at Port-aux-français and Port Alfred French observatories[C]//Proceedings of the VIth International Workshop on Geomagnetic Instruments, Data Acquisition and Processing. Bruxelles: Académie Royale de Belgique, 1997: 136-143, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688139173446461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王庚, 罗冰显, 刘四请, 等. 一种改进的Kp指数现报模式[J]. 空间科学学报, 2016, 36(2): 153-166, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281688139236361022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Geng, LUO Bingxian, LIU Siqing, et al. An improved algorithm for nowcast of Kp index[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2016, 36(2): 153-166, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281688128427639524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128436028133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128444416742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1281688133968315156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Working principle diagram of magnetic flux gate magnetometer, figureFileSmall=oquATFX6j81MzauhgVNfrQ==, figureFileBig=5VSQ8s+XKTRx1kXPBMaaFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134048006933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图1, caption=磁通门磁力仪工作原理, figureFileSmall=oquATFX6j81MzauhgVNfrQ==, figureFileBig=5VSQ8s+XKTRx1kXPBMaaFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134261916438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison of the data of the H component of the geomagnetic field in Beijing station before and after correction on 30-31 Jan. 2024, figureFileSmall=6VAr+9lWTM8J2H+njBkmog==, figureFileBig=j7ZdWaT2VR+x2eTRwBIXvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134337413911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图2, caption=2024年1月30-31日北京台站地磁H分量数据修正前后对比, figureFileSmall=6VAr+9lWTM8J2H+njBkmog==, figureFileBig=j7ZdWaT2VR+x2eTRwBIXvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134417105688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Process of QDC generation, figureFileSmall=mP2um2mVU+INzxmZwAJYyw==, figureFileBig=38BkNA61xz039rip6wm4hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134647792409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图3, caption=QDC生成过程, figureFileSmall=mP2um2mVU+INzxmZwAJYyw==, figureFileBig=38BkNA61xz039rip6wm4hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134714901274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Conversion coefficients of K to Kpest for 5 stations, figureFileSmall=4iP7t+i8q0lrLdPwATGGGg==, figureFileBig=q5T4ifH2WipXWXGuaN1Z4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134794593051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图4, caption=5个台站KKpest转换系数, figureFileSmall=4iP7t+i8q0lrLdPwATGGGg==, figureFileBig=q5T4ifH2WipXWXGuaN1Z4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134878479132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Kpest index file, figureFileSmall=UEz6ZXBByvS9MoCbhCkxQA==, figureFileBig=Qjz8TNa1sFYfA/PWhYImlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688134983336733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图5, caption=Kpest指数文件示例, figureFileSmall=UEz6ZXBByvS9MoCbhCkxQA==, figureFileBig=Qjz8TNa1sFYfA/PWhYImlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688135071417118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Dataset response under different geomagnetic disturbances, figureFileSmall=tdIBU97FN4V+3YQzZrmsWA==, figureFileBig=oziB2Ksa+YB9Nbvk/hhCAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688135159497503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同地磁扰动下的数据集响应, figureFileSmall=tdIBU97FN4V+3YQzZrmsWA==, figureFileBig=oziB2Ksa+YB9Nbvk/hhCAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688136761721632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Differences distribution between the Kpest indices of 5 stations and the official Kp index, figureFileSmall=NGP3HW7CY9B1El8/cc9IVQ==, figureFileBig=kDQdXJGgwNwQNcju8/9jXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688136874967841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图7, caption=5个台站Kpest指数与官方Kp指数差值分布, figureFileSmall=NGP3HW7CY9B1El8/cc9IVQ==, figureFileBig=kDQdXJGgwNwQNcju8/9jXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688136950465314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Comparison of the Kpest index of 5 stations with the official Kp index during 10-13 October 2024, figureFileSmall=vv0HaHiA9tbpkAK2PjP5IQ==, figureFileBig=UQY8QE9wfkeWng8+lNq0GQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688137034351395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=图8, caption=2024年10月10-13日5个台站Kpest指数与官方Kp指数的对比, figureFileSmall=vv0HaHiA9tbpkAK2PjP5IQ==, figureFileBig=UQY8QE9wfkeWng8+lNq0GQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281688137109848868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Location information of 5 geomagnetic stations in the monitoring network

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号台站名称地理纬度/(°)N地理经度/(°)E地磁纬度/(°)N地磁经度/(°)E
1漠河53.49122.3443.12191.37
2北京40.30116.1929.76186.85
3廊坊39.50116.7028.97187.33
4富克19.50109.108.94180.66
5三亚18.44108.977.89180.54
), ArticleFig(id=1281688137193734949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

监测网5个地磁台站位置信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号台站名称地理纬度/(°)N地理经度/(°)E地磁纬度/(°)N地磁经度/(°)E
1漠河53.49122.3443.12191.37
2北京40.30116.1929.76186.85
3廊坊39.50116.7028.97187.33
4富克19.50109.108.94180.66
5三亚18.44108.977.89180.54
), ArticleFig(id=1281688137277621030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of K index and geomagnetic disturbance amplitude

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
K0123456789
amin/nT03612244070120200300
), ArticleFig(id=1281688137357312807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

K指数与地磁扰幅对照

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
K0123456789
amin/nT03612244070120200300
), ArticleFig(id=1281688137453781800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Kpest index data recording format

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数格式值域无效填充值
1年、月、日、时A10
2漠河台站K指数I10~9NaN
3漠河台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
4北京台站K指数I10~9NaN
5北京台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
6廊坊台站K指数I10~9NaN
7廊坊台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
8三亚台站K指数I10~9NaN
9三亚台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
10富克台站K指数I10~9NaN
11富克台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
), ArticleFig(id=1281688137558639401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

Kpest指数数据记录格式

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数格式值域无效填充值
1年、月、日、时A10
2漠河台站K指数I10~9NaN
3漠河台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
4北京台站K指数I10~9NaN
5北京台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
6廊坊台站K指数I10~9NaN
7廊坊台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
8三亚台站K指数I10~9NaN
9三亚台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
10富克台站K指数I10~9NaN
11富克台站Kpest指数F3.10~9NaN
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1281212081085091847, delFlag=0, nameCn=空间科学学报, nameEn=Chinese Journal of Space Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0254-6124, eissn=2097-7689, cn=11-1783/V, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=Pnq8dytkeLQIkcXQfzmn+A==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Journal of Space Science, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1783394363903, updatedTime=1784022354648, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=Pnq8dytkeLQIkcXQfzmn+A==, picEn=754n2iG7sG2HudqFtpEmWw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283846066135089233, language=CN, name=空间科学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784022354873, updatedTime=1784022354873, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283846066181226578, language=EN, name=Chinese Journal of Space Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784022354884, updatedTime=1784022354884, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/kjkxxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1281212996840067084, websiteList=[Website(id=1281216327163548646, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1281212996840067084, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1783395376253, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1783395632654, updateBy=18614031015, name=空间科学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=空间科学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1281217522330480676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1783395661194, updateTime=1783395661194, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522305314850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1783395661188, updateTime=1783395661188, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522355646503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395661200, updateTime=1783395661200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522292731936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=jexnR5E4rO/6d/rIoXBAdw==, createTime=1783395661185, updateTime=1783395661185, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522368229417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395661203, updateTime=1783395661203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522322092067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1783395661192, updateTime=1783395661192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522359840808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395661201, updateTime=1783395661201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522313703458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1783395661190, updateTime=1783395661190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522338869285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1783395661196, updateTime=1783395661196, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217522347257894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327163548646, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1783395661198, updateTime=1783395661198, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1281216327884968940, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1281212996840067084, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1783395376416, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1783395628316, updateBy=18614031015, name=空间科学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Journal of Space Science, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1281217486913777686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1783395652750, updateTime=1783395652750, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486892806163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1783395652745, updateTime=1783395652745, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486934749209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395652755, updateTime=1783395652755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486880223250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=jexnR5E4rO/6d/rIoXBAdw==, createTime=1783395652742, updateTime=1783395652742, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486947332123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395652758, updateTime=1783395652758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486905389077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1783395652748, updateTime=1783395652748, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486943137818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395652757, updateTime=1783395652757, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486897000468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1783395652746, updateTime=1783395652746, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486922166295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1783395652752, updateTime=1783395652752, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281217486926360600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327884968940, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1783395652753, updateTime=1783395652753, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=空间科学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.cjss.ac.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Journal of Space Science, journalPhotoCn=Pnq8dytkeLQIkcXQfzmn+A==, journalPhotoEn=754n2iG7sG2HudqFtpEmWw==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN/10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/EN/10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN/PDF/10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/EN/PDF/10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1773504000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
单台站地磁Kpest指数数据集(2022-2024年)
收藏切换
PDF下载
王晶 1 , 钟秋珍 1, 2 , 罗冰显 1, 2 , 王霄 1 , 赵明亮 1 , 程永宏 1 , 沈华 1
空间科学学报 | 数据论文 2026,46(2): 548-555
收起
收藏切换
空间科学学报 |数据论文 2026 , 46 (2) : 548 -555
单台站地磁Kpest指数数据集(2022-2024年)
全屏
[Author(id=1281688128519914216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jwang@nssc.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128603800298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128519914216, language=EN, stringName=Jing WANG, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128679297771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128519914216, language=CN, stringName=王晶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio={"img":"qf7b2yvaflBS5je8XH41Jw==","content":"

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

"}, bioImg=qf7b2yvaflBS5je8XH41Jw==, bioContent=

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688128742212333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhongqz@nssc.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128838681328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128742212333, language=EN, stringName=Qiuzhen ZHONG, firstName=Qiuzhen, middleName=null, lastName=ZHONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688128918373105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128742212333, language=CN, stringName=钟秋珍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408, bio={"img":"+uvmRIC2KV+Tjc9HUrGh/w==","content":"

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

"}, bioImg=+uvmRIC2KV+Tjc9HUrGh/w==, bioContent=

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281688128427639524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128436028133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128444416742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408)])]), Author(id=1281688128981287667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129065173750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128981287667, language=EN, stringName=Bingxian LUO, firstName=Bingxian, middleName=null, lastName=LUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129161642743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688128981287667, language=CN, stringName=罗冰显, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281688128427639524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128436028133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128444416742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128427639524, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408)])]), Author(id=1281688129237140217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129329414907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129237140217, language=EN, stringName=Xiao WANG, firstName=Xiao, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129388135164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129237140217, language=CN, stringName=王霄, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129451049726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129522352896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129451049726, language=EN, stringName=Mingliang ZHAO, firstName=Mingliang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129589461761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129451049726, language=CN, stringName=赵明亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129648182019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129748845317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129648182019, language=EN, stringName=Yonghong CHENG, firstName=Yonghong, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129828537094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129648182019, language=CN, stringName=程永宏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])]), Author(id=1281688129895645960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281688129979532042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129895645960, language=EN, stringName=Hua SHEN, firstName=Hua, middleName=null, lastName=SHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281688130084389643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, authorId=1281688129895645960, language=CN, stringName=沈华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281688128331170529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128339559138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281688128352142051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212996840067084, articleId=1281688124124283590, companyId=1281688128331170529, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190)])])]
王晶1 , 钟秋珍1, 2 , 罗冰显1, 2, 王霄1, 赵明亮1, 程永宏1, 沈华1
作者信息
  • 1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
  • 2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408
通讯作者:
钟秋珍 E-mail:
作者简介:

王晶 女, 1978年12月出生于辽宁省抚顺市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心副研究员, 主要研究方向为空间环境监测数据应用、空间环境指数建模等. E-mail:

钟秋珍 女, 1974年8月出生于河南省唐河县, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、硕士研究生导师, 主要研究方向为空间环境预报方法与模型. E-mail:

A Dataset of Geomagnetic Kpest Index from Individual Stations (2022-2024)
Jing WANG1 , Qiuzhen ZHONG1, 2 , Bingxian LUO1, 2, Xiao WANG1, Mingliang ZHAO1, Yonghong CHENG1, Hua SHEN1
Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
  • 2School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408
出版时间: 2026-03-15 doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131
文章导航
收藏切换

2011年中国科学院国家空间科学中心建立了中国科学院空间环境监测网, 地磁台站分别位于漠河、北京、廊坊、三亚、富克. 通过融合处理这5个地磁台站磁通门磁力仪H分量监测数据, 发展一种可以有效识别地磁规则日变化, 反映地磁扰动季节变化和地方时效应, 并且适合中国地磁台网分布特性的估算地磁指数Kpest. 本数据集包含2022-2024年5个地磁台站的地磁指数Kpest, 能够改变目前官方Kp指数发布延迟2周无法满足业务需求的现状, 为空间天气预报服务提供数据支撑.

Kpest指数  /  地磁暴  /  空间天气  /  磁通门磁力仪

The Kp index is a parameter designed to indicate the level of global geomagnetic disturbances originating from the interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere. The index is defined at 3-hour intervals and has 28 levels. Kp is a global version of the local K index, which was conceived by Bartels and is commonly used in scientific research of the solar-terrestrial relationship. The continuity of the index over 50 year makes it particularly valuable in studies of solar-cycle variations and other long-term effects on interplanetary and magnetospheric phenomena. For example, Kp has been used in studies of solar wind shock waves, the interplanetary magnetic field, plasma density variations in the magnetosphere, and magnetospheric ULF waves. In addition, the index is widely used as an input to magnetospheric/ionospheric models. For example, the plasmapause is modeled to move closer to the Earth with increasing Kp. The location of substorm injection is modeled to have a similar Kp dependence. The magnetic field model of Tsyganenko has an explicit Kp dependence, and the magnetotail becomes more stretched for higher Kp. These models are used both in scientific research and in monitoring and predicting space weather. In 2011, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences established the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Environment Monitoring Network, which included Mohe, Beijing, Langfang, Sanya, and Fuke stations. A geomagnetic Kpest index, which can effectively identify the day-to-day variation characteristics of the geomagnetic regular daily variation, reflect the seasonal and local time effects of geomagnetic disturbances, and is suitable for the distribution characteristics of China’s geomagnetic observatory network, has been developed through the integration and processing of the H-component monitoring data from fluxgate magnetometers at these five geomagnetic observatory stations. This dataset contains the geomagnetic Kpest indices for the five geomagnetic observatory stations from 2022 to 2024. It addresses the current situation where the official Kp index is released with a two-week delay, failing to meet operational requirements, and can provide data support for space weather forecasting services.

Kpest index  /  Geomagnetic storm  /  Space weather  /  Fluxgate magnetometer
王晶, 钟秋珍, 罗冰显, 王霄, 赵明亮, 程永宏, 沈华. 单台站地磁Kpest指数数据集(2022-2024年). 空间科学学报, 2026 , 46 (2) : 548 -555 . DOI: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131
Jing WANG, Qiuzhen ZHONG, Bingxian LUO, Xiao WANG, Mingliang ZHAO, Yonghong CHENG, Hua SHEN. A Dataset of Geomagnetic Kpest Index from Individual Stations (2022-2024)[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2026 , 46 (2) : 548 -555 . DOI: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131
Kp指数是当前广泛应用的全球地磁活动度量的指数, 用于表征全球地磁活动水平, 称为行星性(或国际) 3 h 磁情指数[1]. 该指数在1949年Bartels[2]根据全球13个选定的亚极光站的局地 3 h 磁情指数K指数[3]构造而来, 构造K指数的13个站点位于地磁纬度48°-63°附近. Kp指数计算过程中, 首先对每个站点3 h的K值进行地磁纬度校正, 随后对校正后的值进行平均, 以生成行星性Kp指数. Kp指数时间精度为3 h, 共分为28个级别: 00, 0+, 1, 10, 1+,…, 8, 80, 8+, 9, 90[1]. 其中Kp指数数值越大, 表明地球磁场受到来自太阳风暴的扰动越强; 数值越小, 则表明磁场处于较为平静状态. 当Kp指数达到5或更高时, 表明地磁活动已进入磁暴水平, 这可能对航天、通信和电网等技术系统产生不利影响.
Kp指数还被广泛应用于各类科学研究中. 例如在电离层研究领域, Kp指数被用于电离层数值模拟的离子外流参数化研究[2], 以及极光粒子沉降的参数化研究[3]. 在磁层物理学中, Kp指数与其他多项参数存在很好的相关性, 例如等离子体层中的冷等离子体密度[4,5]、热等离子体粒子密度[6,7]以及等离子体层顶的位置[8]. 一些地球外部磁场的经验模型也将Kp指数作为其唯一的输入参数[9]. Kp指数还被广泛用于甚低频(VLF)波[10]与超低频(ULF)波振幅的参数化[11].
Kp指数在空间天气预报中也发挥着重要作用, 其估算值可作为地磁暴警报的判断依据. 美国空间天气预警中心(NOAA/SWPC)的Takahashi模式是Kp指数估算模型的典型代表[12]. 该模式以地磁纬度均在43°左右的9个地磁台站的监测数据为基础, 采用近似官方Kp指数的推导过程. 此外, 还有部分Kp指数估算模型, 以L1点的太阳风参数为输入数据, Wing 等[13]采用经验预报、人工智能、物理预报等方法进行计算.
2011年中国科学院国家空间科学中心整合中国的空间环境地基监测台站和设备, 将17个台站39套设备进行了业务化, 建立了中国科学院空间环境监测网(以下简称监测网), 初步实现了对太阳、行星际、地磁、电离层及中高层大气的业务化监测. 目前监测网包括漠河、北京、廊坊、三亚、富克5个地磁台站. 本数据集基于监测网5个地磁台站的数据, 构建了2022-2024年单台站Kpest指数, 可以描述中国不同纬度区域的地磁扰动, 提升自主空间环境监测预警能力.
构建单台站Kpest指数数据集的数据来源于监测网漠河、北京、廊坊、三亚、富克5个地磁台站磁通门磁力仪探测的地磁场H分量的相对变化, 数据时间分辨率为1 s, 表1中列出了5个台站的位置信息.
磁通门磁力仪的结构如图1所示, 其主要组成部分包括高导磁芯、激励线圈、感应线圈、交流电源、安培计. 环形磁芯左右半环完全对称, 当外磁场为0时, 激励电流在环形闭合磁路左右两半环产生的磁通量完全相等, 因而在感应线圈中产生的感应电压互相抵消而无输出. 当外磁场不为0时, 左右半环的磁通量不相等, 则探头三分量磁通门传感器在激励信号作用下, 在输出端产生正比于H, Z, D 三分量地磁场变化的交变信号, 交变信号经模拟电路的鉴相、反馈、滤波等处理后, 形成对应于地磁场三分量的电压信号.
首先对地磁监测数据进行质量评估, 判断异常数据和缺省数据, 之后对数据系列里的坏点采用线性插值法进行插值处理. 由于仪器问题, 数据中可能夹杂难以识别的非物理点(跳点), 相邻数据的差值超过5 nT时, 该数据即视为坏点. 清洗时以3 h为一个区间, 对数据H分量进行处理. 廊坊和富克地磁台站监测数据为秒级数据, 采用地磁台站通用的高斯滤波法将清洗后的地磁秒数据处理成分钟数据. 假设要计算第i 分钟的分钟值im [14], 则取im00s (上角标m表示分钟, s表示秒)及其前后各45 s共91 s的秒数据进行高斯滤波计算. 计算公式如下:
$ B_i=\sum_{n=-45}^{-1} C_n b_{i-1,60+n}+C_0 b_{i, 0}+\sum_{n=1}^{45} C_n b_{i, n}. $
其中, Bi为第i 分钟的分钟值数据; bi,j 为第i 分钟第j 秒的秒数据, ij的取值范围为00~59; Cn=C-n为高斯系数(共91个). 计算00h00m(上角标h表示小时)的分数据时, 需要调用前一天的后45秒数据参与计算. 当1 min的60个秒数据中缺数≥10时, 对应的分数据为缺数, 图2为北京台站1 min数据清洗前后对比.
美国SWPC采用的Takahashi模式是以9个地磁台站的历史数据为基础估算Kp指数的现报模式, 目前在美国空间天气预警中心(NOAA/SWPC)日常业务中投入使用, 是判断地磁暴警报的重要依据. FMI方法是芬兰气象研究所研制的一种算法, 其以3天的地磁场 xy分量分钟值观测数据为数据源, 计算中间一天K指数.
这里结合Takahashi方法[15]与FMI方法[16], 实现一种识别QDC并估算Kpest指数的新方法[17], 图3为新方法生成QDC示例.
得到QDC后, 按世界时把每天划分成8个3 h时段, 对每个时间段用清洗后的分钟数据去除QDC, 求得3 h地磁扰幅. 利用地磁扰幅aminK指数的转换关系得到单站K指数(见表2). K指数大小与3 h时段扰动幅度有近对数关系[1]. 根据中国地磁台站的地理纬度特性, 采用中国地磁台的K-amin对应关系, 得到单站K指数. 按照国际劳埃德季节将一年划分为3个季节, 每天划分为8个时段, 对单站K指数与国际Kp指数用最小二乘拟合方法对24个时段进行拟合, 得到不同地方时、不同季节下K-Kpest的转换函数(见图4), 最终确定Kpest指数.
数据集收集了2022-2024年单台站Kpest指数, 文件名为Kpest index.dat, 总数据量为413 KByte, 表3列出了数据记录格式. 文件是以行列形式存储的具体数据, 每一行记录一条数据, 共包括11列, 图5为数据文件示例. 第1列为年、月、日、时数据, 第2~3列为漠河台站KKpest指数, 第4~5列为北京台站KKpest指数, 第6~7列为廊坊台站KKpest指数, 第8~9列为三亚台站KKpest指数, 第10~11列为富克台站KKpest指数. 各列数据间以空格(X)间隔. 完整的数据记录格式如下:
(A10)(3X)(I1)(2X)(F3.1)(2X)(I1)(2X)(F3.1)(2X)(I1)(2X) (F3.1)(2X)(I1)(2X)(F3.1)(2X)(I1)(2X) (F3.1).
数据集是基于监测网地磁台站监测数据计算得到的单台站Kpest指数, 5个台站分别分布于中国区域的高、中、低纬度, 可以反映不同纬度的地磁扰动强度. 其中北京与廊坊台站纬度接近, 富克与三亚台站纬度接近, 对地磁扰动的响应等级接近, 因此当一个台站Kpest数据缺失时, 可以参考另一个台站的Kpest指数. 地磁Kp指数的有效范围为0~9, 当数据在此范围内视为有效数据, 若超出此范围, 视为无效数据, 用NaN表示. 数据质量方面, 当地磁设备故障导致计算所需原始数据缺失达到一天以上, 则计算Kpest指数不可信, 用NaN表示. 数据集Kpest指数与国际Kp指数一致, 时间精度为3 h, 共分为28个级别: 00, 0+, 1, 10, 1+, …, 80, 8+, 9, 90.
将数据集与国际Kp指数在地磁平静(Kp = 0~3), 地磁微扰(Kp = 4), 小地磁暴(Kp = 5), 中等地磁暴(Kp = 6), 大地磁暴(Kp = 7, 8), 特大地磁暴(Kp = 9)不同地磁扰动程度下进行对比. 分析发现, 本数据集与国际地磁Kp指数对不同等级地磁扰动的响应均基本一致(见图6). 同时, 将数据集Kpest指数与国际Kp指数进行绝对误差分析, 由图7可以看出, 5个台站Kpest指数与官方Kp指数的差值基本分布在$ \pm 2\;\text{} $区间内, 这证明了该数据集可信度高.
数据集时间范围为2022-2024年, 涵盖了第25太阳活动周的高年和低年, 可以较好地反映太阳爆发活动对地磁场的影响. 2024年是太阳活动高年, 太阳爆发活动频繁, 10月9日在日面爆发了一个X1.8级大耀斑, 引起第25太阳活动周最强质子事件, 同时, 伴随的日冕物质抛射(CME)引起了10-11日地磁发生强烈扰动, Kp指数最大值为9, 大于8的时长为9 h. 5个单台站Kpest指数均对此次磁暴有响应. 由于高纬度台站地磁扰动要高于低纬度台站, 因此磁暴期间漠河台站Kpest指数要大于低纬度台站Kpest指数. 漠河台站Kpest指数最大值达到9, 其大于8的时长为9 h; 北京和廊坊台站Kpest指数最大值达到9-, 其大于8的时长为9 h; 富克和三亚台站Kpest指数最高值分别达到8+和70 (见图8).
综上分析, 可以看出单台站Kpest指数数据集的数据来源、数据质量、相关精度、数据加工、覆盖范围等均具有较高的可靠性与应用价值, 可为空间环境保障提供重要技术支撑, 对于提升中国自主地磁暴警报能力具有重要的应用前景.
2022-2024年, 单台站Kpest指数数据集涵盖了第25太阳活动周的高年, 可用于分析太阳爆发活动对不同纬度的地磁扰动, 同时可为空间天气模式提供数据输入参数.
致谢 感谢河北廊坊台站、海南富克台站和中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所对地磁监测设备的日常维护.

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
徐文耀. 地球电磁现象物理学[M]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2009
XU Wenyao. Physics of Electromagnetic Phenomena of the Earth[M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2009
2
WELLING D T, ANDRÉ M, DANDOURAS I, et al. The earth: plasma sources, losses, and transport processes[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2015, 192(1/2/3/4): 145-208
3
EMERY B A, COUMANS V, EVANS D S, et al. Seasonal, Kp, solar wind, and solar flux variations in long-term single-pass satellite estimates of electron and ion auroral hemispheric power[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2008, 113(A6): A06311
4
GOLDSTEIN J, DE PASCUALE S, KLETZING C, et al. Simulation of Van Allen probes plasmapause encounters[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2014, 119(9): 7464-7484
5
PIERRARD V, GOLDSTEIN J, ANDRÉ N, et al. Recent progress in physics-based models of the plasmasphere[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2009, 145(1/2): 193-229
6
DENTON M H, HENDERSON M G, JORDANOVA V K, et al. An improved empirical model of electron and ion fluxes at geosynchronous orbit based on upstream solar wind conditions[J]. Space Weather, 2016, 14(7): 511-523
7
KORTH H, THOMSEN M F, BOROVSKY J E, et al. Plasma sheet access to geosynchronous orbit[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1999, 104(A11): 25047-25061
8
CARPENTER D L, ANDERSON R R. An ISEE/whistler model of equatorial electron density in the magnetosphere[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1992, 97(A2): 1097-1108
9
TSYGANENKO N A. A magnetospheric magnetic field model with a warped tail current sheet[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 1989, 37(1): 5-20
10
AGAPITOV O V, ARTEMYEV A V, MOURENAS D, et al. Empirical model of lower band chorus wave distribution in the outer radiation belt[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2015, 120(12): 10425-10442
11
ORLOVA K, SPASOJEVIC M, SHPRITS Y. Activity-dependent global model of electron loss inside the plasmasphere[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2014, 41(11): 3744-3751
12
王庚. 地磁Kp指数现报模式及全球K指数分布预报模式[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院(空间科学与应用研究中心), 2015
WANG Geng. Algorithm for Nowcast of Kp Index and A Model for Forecast of Global K Index Distribution[D]. Beijing: Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015
13
WING S, JOHNSON J R, JEN J, et al. Kp forecast models[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2005, 110(A4): A04203
14
王晓美, 滕云田, 马洁美, 等. 地磁矢量场观测数据一致性校正方法: 中国, 201810101718.8[P]. 2025-07-31
WANG Xiaomen, TENG Yuntian, MA Jiemei, et al. Geomagnetic vector field observation data consistency correction method: CN, 201810101718.8[P]. 2025-07-31
15
TAKAHASHI K, TOTH B A, OLSON J V. An automated procedure for near-real-time Kp estimates[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2001, 106(A10): 21017-21032
16
BITTERLY M, MENVIELLE M, BITTERLY J, et al. A comparison between computer derived (FMI method) and hand-scaled K indices at Port-aux-français and Port Alfred French observatories[C]//Proceedings of the VIth International Workshop on Geomagnetic Instruments, Data Acquisition and Processing. Bruxelles: Académie Royale de Belgique, 1997: 136-143
17
王庚, 罗冰显, 刘四请, 等. 一种改进的Kp指数现报模式[J]. 空间科学学报, 2016, 36(2): 153-166
WANG Geng, LUO Bingxian, LIU Siqing, et al. An improved algorithm for nowcast of Kp index[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2016, 36(2): 153-166
2026年第46卷第2期
PDF下载
86
38
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131
  • 接收时间:2025-07-31
  • 首发时间:2026-07-08
  • 出版时间:2026-03-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-31
  • 修回日期:2025-12-09
基金
作者信息
    1中国科学院国家空间科学中心 太阳活动与空间天气全国重点实验室 北京 100190
    2中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院 北京 101408

通讯作者:

钟秋珍 E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjkxxb/CN/10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0131
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏