Article(id=1172126431845929050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1172126429690056793, articleNumber=1002-980X(2025)06-0040-14, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1002-980X.J25010102, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735660800000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757386318356, onlineDateStr=2025-09-09, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757386318356, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757386318356, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757386318356, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1172126429690056793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, year='2025', volume='44', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='138', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1757386317864, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757394220127, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172159574116258147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1172126429690056793, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172159574116258148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1172126429690056793, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=40, endPage=53, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1172126432634458204, articleId=1172126431845929050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, language=EN, title=Collaborative Innovation between Manufacturers and Users: Theoretical Framework and Research Prospects, columnId=1149284496320578211, journalTitle=Journal of Technology Economics, columnName=Enterprise Technology Economics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
With the rise of the post-Schumpeterian innovation paradigm, manufacturer-user (MU) collaborative innovation has become a crucial means of promoting technological innovation and achievement transformation. A theoretical framework for MU collaborative innovation was constructed by reviewing the theoretical underpinnings of MU collaborative innovation and clarifying the distinctions between MU collaborative innovation and single-subject innovation. A theoretical framework encompassing roles, modes, processes, mechanisms, and commercialization of MU collaborative innovation was proposed. MU collaborative roles and modes are identified as drivers of the MU collaborative innovation process, with manufacturers and users taking on different roles and utilizing distinct modes in the collaborative innovation process. A MU collaborative mechanism was constructed from the four perspectives of strategy, knowledge, organization, and digital technology. MU collaborative commercialization was explored in terms of heterogeneous commercialization needs, opportunities for use and verification, and the initial adoption and diffusion of innovative achievements. Three future research directions are proposed: user-led MU collaborative innovation, AI-empowered MU collaborative innovation, and MU collaborative innovation in ecosystem contexts. New perspectives and insights are provided for academia and industry through the construction of the theoretical framework of MU collaborative innovation and the proposal of future research directions.
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随着后熊彼特创新范式的兴起,制造商与用户(MU)协同创新成为推动科技创新和成果转化的重要途径。为构建MU协同创新的理论框架,梳理了MU协同创新的理论脉络,明确了MU协同创新与单一创新主体的差异。在此基础上,总结了包含角色、模式、过程、机制和成果转化的MU协同创新理论框架,提出MU协同角色和协同模式驱动MU协同创新过程,制造商和用户将扮演着不同的角色、采用不同的模式展开协同创新过程。从战略-知识-组织-数字4个方面构建了MU协同机制。并且,从成果转化的异质性需求、使用和验证的机会、创新成果首次采纳和扩散三个方面探寻MU协同成果转化。亦提出用户主导的、人工智能赋能以及生态系统情境下的MU协同创新三个未来研究方向。通过对MU协同创新理论框架的构建和未来研究方向的提出,为学术界和业界提供了新的视角和思考。
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肖彬(1994—),博士,清华大学经济管理学院博士后,清华大学技术创新研究中心助理研究员,研究方向:创新创业管理。
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陈劲(1968—),博士,清华大学经济管理学院讲席教授、教育部“长江学者”特聘教授,博士研究生导师,教育部人文社会科学重点基地清华大学技术创新研究中心主任,研究方向:创新管理与科技政策;
刘沐洋(1992—),博士,清华大学经济管理学院博士后,清华大学技术创新研究中心助理研究员,研究方向:科技创新管理、国民企协同创新。
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刘沐洋(1992—),博士,清华大学经济管理学院博士后,清华大学技术创新研究中心助理研究员,研究方向:科技创新管理、国民企协同创新。
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28(3): 100-111., articleTitle=重大工程复杂信息系统的关键核心技术创新模式——以中国空间站为例, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1172144843020161306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, awardId=23ZDA062, language=CN, fundingSource=国家社会科学基金重大项目“打赢关键核心技术攻坚战的目标、主攻方向与对策研究”(23ZDA062), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1172144843095658779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, awardId=2024M761739, language=CN, fundingSource=中国博士后基金面上资助“领先用户特征驱动员工数字创意管理的影响机制研究”(2024M761739), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1172144843154379036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, awardId=GZC20240794, language=CN, fundingSource=国家资助博士后研究人员计划“动态能力视角下用户驱动的重大工程核心技术创新研究”(GZC20240794), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1172144840713294063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172144840721682672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, companyId=1172144840713294063, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172144840725876977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, companyId=1172144840713294063, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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资源整合强度与协作深度情境下的MU协同创新模式, figureFileSmall=BcppAS8KL9OI1LKjk4e6CA==, figureFileBig=wgZswLAZ24SDGVX1PQGXqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172144842441347346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zVwU2JJXkb0McvKZh1pzKg==, figureFileBig=6Cnl7tK7/RopFJAYEAH4nA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172144842504261907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
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MU协同创新理论框架, figureFileSmall=GByEMgZatfKr2yMt3qW5qg==, figureFileBig=Mh39v26phDpyDs/vvnd/wA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172144842693005590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 制造商独立创新 | 用户独立创新 | MU协同创新 |
| 创新驱动方式 | 技术推动 | 需求拉动 | 供需双轮驱动 |
| 生产规模 | 大规模生产 | 定制化 | 大规模定制化 |
| 主导设计 | 架构化 | 模块化 | 平台化 |
| 知识产权 | 独占知识产权 | 免费披露知识产权 | 共享知识产权 |
| 价值属性 | 获取价值 | 使用价值 | 共创价值 |
), ArticleFig(id=1172144842751725847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
用户、制造商独立创新和MU协同创新的比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 制造商独立创新 | 用户独立创新 | MU协同创新 |
| 创新驱动方式 | 技术推动 | 需求拉动 | 供需双轮驱动 |
| 生产规模 | 大规模生产 | 定制化 | 大规模定制化 |
| 主导设计 | 架构化 | 模块化 | 平台化 |
| 知识产权 | 独占知识产权 | 免费披露知识产权 | 共享知识产权 |
| 价值属性 | 获取价值 | 使用价值 | 共创价值 |
), ArticleFig(id=1172144842814640408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用户或制造商 参与程度 | 模式 | M-U协同创新过程 | 典型企业 |
出题 (创新设想) | 答题 (研究开发) | 阅卷 (测试与商业化) |
| 制造商为用户创新 | 技术专利模式、 研发外包模式 | 用户出题 | 制造商答题 | 用户阅卷 | 三峡+制造商 |
| 制造商与用户共同创新 | 战略联盟模式、 要素转移模式 | 用户或制造商出题 | 制造商主导、用户参与答题 | 用户阅卷 | 中车+国铁集团 |
由用户(或制造商) 主导创新 | 一体化模式 | 用户(制造商)出题 | 用户(制造商)答题 | 用户(制造商)答题 | 中国移动 |
), ArticleFig(id=1172144842881749273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1172126431845929050, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
MU协同创新过程
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用户或制造商 参与程度 | 模式 | M-U协同创新过程 | 典型企业 |
出题 (创新设想) | 答题 (研究开发) | 阅卷 (测试与商业化) |
| 制造商为用户创新 | 技术专利模式、 研发外包模式 | 用户出题 | 制造商答题 | 用户阅卷 | 三峡+制造商 |
| 制造商与用户共同创新 | 战略联盟模式、 要素转移模式 | 用户或制造商出题 | 制造商主导、用户参与答题 | 用户阅卷 | 中车+国铁集团 |
由用户(或制造商) 主导创新 | 一体化模式 | 用户(制造商)出题 | 用户(制造商)答题 | 用户(制造商)答题 | 中国移动 |
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