Article(id=1170683280182526683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1170683276562833831, articleNumber=1002-980X(2025)07-0040-11, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1002-980X.J24083105, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725033600000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757042244238, onlineDateStr=2025-09-05, pubDate=1753372800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757042244238, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757042244238, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757042244238, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1170683276562833831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, year='2025', volume='44', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='134', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1757042243374, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757066615189, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1170785499422703675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1170683276562833831, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1170785499422703676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, issueId=1170683276562833831, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=40, endPage=50, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1170683280438379232, articleId=1170683280182526683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, language=EN, title=Open Innovation, Exclusive Mechanisms and Dominant Design of Strategic Emerging Industries: Mediation Effect of Ambidextrous Innovation, columnId=1149284496668709835, journalTitle=Journal of Technology Economics, columnName=Industrial Technology Economics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Strategic emerging industries are in a critical period, and the formation of dominant design determines their future development path. The strategy of combining openness and exclusivity is playing an increasingly important role in helping enterprises achieve a dominant design. Then, how should enterprises formulate the corresponding “open-exclusive” strategy to promote the formation of dominant design? Based on this issue, an empirical analysis of how open innovation and exclusive mechanisms affect the formation of dominant design in strategic emerging industries was conducted, using patent and standard data from 283 enterprises. The results show that open innovation and exclusive mechanisms have different effects on the dominant design of strategic emerging industries, and open innovation has a significant promotion effect, while exclusive mechanisms will inhibit the formation of dominant design. Ambidextrous innovation has multiple mediating functions between open innovation and dominant design of strategic emerging industries. Exploitative innovation plays a mediating role between exclusive mechanisms and dominant design of strategic emerging industries. It conclusions reveal the internal mechanisms by which openness and exclusivity impact dominant design through ambidextrous innovation, which has significant managerial implications for enterprises seeking to secure a dominant design.
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战略性新兴产业正处于关键时期,主导设计的形成决定其未来的发展路径,开放与独占策略在帮助企业赢得主导设计中的作用愈发重要。本文基于企业应该如何制定相应的“开放-独占”策略以促进主导设计的形成这一问题,以283家企业的专利和标准数据为基础,实证分析开放式创新和独占机制如何影响战略性新兴产业主导设计的形成。研究结果表明:开放式创新对主导设计有显著的促进作用,而独占机制会抑制主导设计的形成;双元创新在开放式创新与主导设计之间具有多重中介作用;利用式创新在独占机制与主导设计之间发挥中介作用。研究结论揭示了开放与独占通过双元创新作用于主导设计的内在机理,对企业赢得主导设计具有一定的管理意义。
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周立军(1972—),博士,中国计量大学教授,硕士研究生导师,研究方向:标准化战略、人工智能标准化。
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齐莹莹(2001—),中国计量大学硕士研究生,研究方向:主导设计,开放式创新,独占机制。
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齐莹莹(2001—),中国计量大学硕士研究生,研究方向:主导设计,开放式创新,独占机制。
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齐莹莹(2001—),中国计量大学硕士研究生,研究方向:主导设计,开放式创新,独占机制。
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双元创新与战略性新兴产业主导设计总体中介效应检验结果 * 代表P<0.1,**代表P<0.05,***代表P<0.01
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利用式创新中介效应检验结果 * 代表P<0.1,**代表P<0.05,***代表P<0.01;虚线代表独占度直接效应不显著
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| 变量类型 | 变量 | 变量符号 | 平均值 | 标准偏差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 偏度 | 峰度 |
| 因变量 | 战略性新兴产业主导设计 | dominant | 30.99 | 91.99 | 1.00 | 1178 | 8.55 | 93.07 |
| 自变量 | 独占度 | exclu | 1.94 | 0.58 | 1.04 | 5.88 | 3.83 | 19.80 |
| 开放度 | open | 1.33 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 3.95 | 2.13 | 4.14 |
| 中介变量 | 探索式创新 | explor | 1213.19 | 5115.94 | 0.00 | 72224 | 10.60 | 136.34 |
| 利用式创新 | exploi | 695.65 | 1718.38 | 0.00 | 16205 | 4.84 | 30.78 |
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各变量的描述性统计分析
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| 变量类型 | 变量 | 变量符号 | 平均值 | 标准偏差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 偏度 | 峰度 |
| 因变量 | 战略性新兴产业主导设计 | dominant | 30.99 | 91.99 | 1.00 | 1178 | 8.55 | 93.07 |
| 自变量 | 独占度 | exclu | 1.94 | 0.58 | 1.04 | 5.88 | 3.83 | 19.80 |
| 开放度 | open | 1.33 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 3.95 | 2.13 | 4.14 |
| 中介变量 | 探索式创新 | explor | 1213.19 | 5115.94 | 0.00 | 72224 | 10.60 | 136.34 |
| 利用式创新 | exploi | 695.65 | 1718.38 | 0.00 | 16205 | 4.84 | 30.78 |
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| 变量 | dominant | exclu | open | explor | exploi |
| dominant | 1.000 | | | | |
| exclu | -0.122** | 1.000 | | | |
| open | 0.298*** | 0.140** | 1.000 | | |
| explor | 0.580*** | -0.077 | 0.208*** | 1.000 | |
| exploi | 0.553*** | -0.190*** | 0.175*** | 0.433*** | 1.000 |
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Pearson相关系数
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| 变量 | dominant | exclu | open | explor | exploi |
| dominant | 1.000 | | | | |
| exclu | -0.122** | 1.000 | | | |
| open | 0.298*** | 0.140** | 1.000 | | |
| explor | 0.580*** | -0.077 | 0.208*** | 1.000 | |
| exploi | 0.553*** | -0.190*** | 0.175*** | 0.433*** | 1.000 |
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| 变量 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| dominant | explor | exploi | dominant | dominant | explor | exploi | dominant |
| Bopen | 0.298*** (5.232) | 0.208*** (3.565) | 0.175*** (2.972) | 0.154*** (3.441) | | | | |
| exclu | | | | | -0.122** (-2.055) | -0.077 (-1.299) | -0.190*** (-2.986) | -0.02 (-0.431) |
| explor | | | | 0.394*** (8.056) | | | | 0.419*** (8.493) |
| exploi | | | | 0.356*** (7.336) | | | | 0.368*** (7.356) |
| N | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 |
| F | 27.373*** | 12.712*** | 8.836*** | 82.847*** | 4.222** | 1.687 | 10.468** | 50.244*** |
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回归结果
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| 变量 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| dominant | explor | exploi | dominant | dominant | explor | exploi | dominant |
| Bopen | 0.298*** (5.232) | 0.208*** (3.565) | 0.175*** (2.972) | 0.154*** (3.441) | | | | |
| exclu | | | | | -0.122** (-2.055) | -0.077 (-1.299) | -0.190*** (-2.986) | -0.02 (-0.431) |
| explor | | | | 0.394*** (8.056) | | | | 0.419*** (8.493) |
| exploi | | | | 0.356*** (7.336) | | | | 0.368*** (7.356) |
| N | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 |
| F | 27.373*** | 12.712*** | 8.836*** | 82.847*** | 4.222** | 1.687 | 10.468** | 50.244*** |
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | 最小值 | 最大值 | P |
| 开放式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 直接效应 | 0.154*** | 0.074 | 0.329 | 0.006 |
| 开放式创新→双元创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 间接效应 | 0.144*** | 0.040 | 0.372 | 0.001 |
| 总效应 | 0.298*** | 0.123 | 0.584 | 0.000 |
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总体中介效应显著性检验的Bootstrap结果
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | 最小值 | 最大值 | P |
| 开放式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 直接效应 | 0.154*** | 0.074 | 0.329 | 0.006 |
| 开放式创新→双元创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 间接效应 | 0.144*** | 0.040 | 0.372 | 0.001 |
| 总效应 | 0.298*** | 0.123 | 0.584 | 0.000 |
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | P |
| 开放式创新→探索式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 中介效应1(探索式创新) | 0.082*** | 0.004 |
| 开放式创新→利用式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 中介效应2(利用式创新) | 0.062* | 0.096 |
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个别中介效应检验结果
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | P |
| 开放式创新→探索式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 中介效应1(探索式创新) | 0.082*** | 0.004 |
| 开放式创新→利用式创新→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 中介效应2(利用式创新) | 0.062* | 0.096 |
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | 最小值 | 最大值 | P |
| 独占机制→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 直接效应 | -0.017 | -0.042 | 0.012 | 0.313 |
独占机制→利用式创新→战略性 新兴产业主导设计 | 间接效应 (利用式创新) | -0.104*** | -0.280 | -0.023 | 0.000 |
| 总效应 | -0.122*** | -0.309 | -0.041 | 0.000 |
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利用式创新显著性检验的Bootstrap结果
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| 中介效应分析路径 | 效应 | 效应值 | 最小值 | 最大值 | P |
| 独占机制→战略性新兴产业主导设计 | 直接效应 | -0.017 | -0.042 | 0.012 | 0.313 |
独占机制→利用式创新→战略性 新兴产业主导设计 | 间接效应 (利用式创新) | -0.104*** | -0.280 | -0.023 | 0.000 |
| 总效应 | -0.122*** | -0.309 | -0.041 | 0.000 |
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