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Green data elements are a new type of production factor that can create green value for production entities and serve as an important source for cultivating new quality productive forces. Based on expounding the connotation and characteristics of green data elements, the promoting effect of green data elements on the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises was explored. Using empirical data from China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed manufacturing enterprises from 2015 to 2022, the results indicate that green data elements have a positive impact on the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises, manifested in the dual improvement of economic and social benefits. Data foundation support and executives' green experience positively moderate the relationship between green data elements and the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. Suggestions for future avenues of inquiry are proposed, including investigations into the measurement of green data elements embedding, the intermediary mechanism of digital-green synergy, the heterogeneity effect from the perspective of production factor collaboration, and examinations of boundary conditions at both the macro-regional and micro-enterprise levels. The focus on green data elements has played a positive role in advancing the theoretical study and practical exploration of the scene-based application of data elements.
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绿色数据要素是能够为生产主体创造绿色价值的新型生产要素,成为培育新质生产力的重要条件。本文在阐述绿色数据要素内涵与特征的基础上,探究绿色数据要素对制造业企业高质量发展的促进作用。采用2015—2022年中国沪深A股制造业上市企业数据实证,结果表明:绿色数据要素对制造业企业高质量发展具有正向影响,且体现为经济效益和社会效益的双重提升;数据基础支撑、高管绿色经历正向调节绿色数据要素与制造业企业高质量发展的关系。本文进一步提出未来研究展望,包括绿色数据要素嵌入测度研究,数绿协同的中介机制研究,生产要素协作视角下的异质性影响研究,以及宏观区域层面和微观企业层面的边界条件研究等。本文提出对绿色数据要素的研究关注,对推动数据要素场景化应用的理论研究和实践探索具有积极作用。
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汤临佳(1983—),博士,浙江工业大学中国中小企业研究院教授,博士研究生导师,研究方向:创新创业;
张晨阳(2000—),浙江工业大学管理学院硕士研究生,研究方向:数字化和绿色化协同治理。
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张晨阳(2000—),浙江工业大学管理学院硕士研究生,研究方向:数字化和绿色化协同治理。
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| 绿色数据要素链上企业经营范围词典 | 第一轮 | 互联网数据服务;生物质能资源数据库信息系统平台;人工智能公共数据平台;大数据服务;数据处理和存储支持服务;卫星遥感数据处理;数据处理服务;线下数据处理服务;在线数据处理与交易处理业务(经营类电子商务);工业互联网数据服务;数据处理;数据处理和存储服务;数据科技 |
| 第二轮 | 碳减排、碳转化、碳捕捉、碳封存技术研发;温室气体排放控制技术研发;再生资源加工;污水处理及其再生利用;再生资源回收(除生产性废旧金属);生产性废旧金属回收;环境保护监测;在线能源计量技术研发;在线能源监测技术研发;节能管理服务;新兴能源技术研发;能量回收系统研发;建筑废弃物再生技术研发;资源再生利用技术研发;非常规水源利用技术研发;资源循环利用服务技术咨询;水资源管理;水污染治理;水环境污染防治服务;大气污染治理;大气环境污染防治服务;土壤环境污染防治服务;环境应急治理服务;环境卫生管理 |
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| 绿色数据要素链上企业经营范围词典 | 第一轮 | 互联网数据服务;生物质能资源数据库信息系统平台;人工智能公共数据平台;大数据服务;数据处理和存储支持服务;卫星遥感数据处理;数据处理服务;线下数据处理服务;在线数据处理与交易处理业务(经营类电子商务);工业互联网数据服务;数据处理;数据处理和存储服务;数据科技 |
| 第二轮 | 碳减排、碳转化、碳捕捉、碳封存技术研发;温室气体排放控制技术研发;再生资源加工;污水处理及其再生利用;再生资源回收(除生产性废旧金属);生产性废旧金属回收;环境保护监测;在线能源计量技术研发;在线能源监测技术研发;节能管理服务;新兴能源技术研发;能量回收系统研发;建筑废弃物再生技术研发;资源再生利用技术研发;非常规水源利用技术研发;资源循环利用服务技术咨询;水资源管理;水污染治理;水环境污染防治服务;大气污染治理;大气环境污染防治服务;土壤环境污染防治服务;环境应急治理服务;环境卫生管理 |
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| 变量 | GREdta | GTI |
| GREdta | 1 | |
| GTI | 0.333*** | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301144255742602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
效标效度检验
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| 变量 | GREdta | GTI |
| GREdta | 1 | |
| GTI | 0.333*** | 1 |
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| 变量类型 | 变量名称 | 符号 | 变量说明 |
| 被解释变量 | 区域绿色数据要素 | GREdta | 结合政府侧和市场侧绿色数据要素,熵权法计算 |
| 解释变量 | 制造业企业 高质量发展 | 企业经济效益 (全要素生产率) | TFP_OP | OP法计算的全要素生产率 |
| 企业社会效益 | ESG | ln(环境、社会和治理优势得分汇总) |
| 调节变量 | 数据基础支撑 | Datasup | 结合网络与新型基础设施,构建指标,熵权法计算 |
| 高管绿色经历 | Execu_Gre | 绿色经历高管人数占总高管人数的比例 |
| 控制变量 | 企业规模 | Size | ln(年末资产总额) |
| 企业年龄 | FirmAge | ln(成立年限) |
| 资产负债率 | Lev | 总负债/总资产 |
| 资产收益率 | Roa | 净利润/总资产 |
| 成长能力 | Growth | 本年营业收入/上一年营业收入-1 |
| 董事会规模 | Board | ln(董事会人数) |
| 独立董事占比 | Indep | 董事会人数中独立董事所占比例 |
| 前五大股东持股 | Top5 | 前五股东持股数量/总股数 |
| 经济发展水平 | GDP | 人均地区生产总值 |
| 金融支持水平 | Fids | 年末金融机构各项贷款余额/地区生产总值 |
| 对外开放水平 | Open | 使用地区进出口贸易额/地区生产总值 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301144398348940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
主要变量定义表
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| 变量类型 | 变量名称 | 符号 | 变量说明 |
| 被解释变量 | 区域绿色数据要素 | GREdta | 结合政府侧和市场侧绿色数据要素,熵权法计算 |
| 解释变量 | 制造业企业 高质量发展 | 企业经济效益 (全要素生产率) | TFP_OP | OP法计算的全要素生产率 |
| 企业社会效益 | ESG | ln(环境、社会和治理优势得分汇总) |
| 调节变量 | 数据基础支撑 | Datasup | 结合网络与新型基础设施,构建指标,熵权法计算 |
| 高管绿色经历 | Execu_Gre | 绿色经历高管人数占总高管人数的比例 |
| 控制变量 | 企业规模 | Size | ln(年末资产总额) |
| 企业年龄 | FirmAge | ln(成立年限) |
| 资产负债率 | Lev | 总负债/总资产 |
| 资产收益率 | Roa | 净利润/总资产 |
| 成长能力 | Growth | 本年营业收入/上一年营业收入-1 |
| 董事会规模 | Board | ln(董事会人数) |
| 独立董事占比 | Indep | 董事会人数中独立董事所占比例 |
| 前五大股东持股 | Top5 | 前五股东持股数量/总股数 |
| 经济发展水平 | GDP | 人均地区生产总值 |
| 金融支持水平 | Fids | 年末金融机构各项贷款余额/地区生产总值 |
| 对外开放水平 | Open | 使用地区进出口贸易额/地区生产总值 |
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| 变量 | 样本量 | 均值 | 标准差 | 中位数 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
| GREdta | 15840 | 0.145 | 0.171 | 0.075 | 0.001 | 0.768 |
| ESG | 15840 | 0.552 | 0.984 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2.773 |
| TFP_OP | 15840 | 6.662 | 0.754 | 6.584 | 5.118 | 8.773 |
| Datasup | 15840 | 0.245 | 0.167 | 0.203 | 0.031 | 0.816 |
| Execu_Gre | 15840 | 0.075 | 0.156 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.800 |
| Size | 15840 | 22.158 | 1.153 | 22.014 | 20.069 | 25.751 |
| FirmAge | 15840 | 2.983 | 0.279 | 2.996 | 2.197 | 3.555 |
| Lev | 15840 | 0.392 | 0.185 | 0.384 | 0.062 | 0.872 |
| Roa | 15840 | 0.043 | 0.069 | 0.043 | -0.231 | 0.231 |
| Growth | 15840 | 0.164 | 0.354 | 0.109 | -0.481 | 2.055 |
| Board | 15840 | 2.094 | 0.189 | 2.197 | 1.609 | 2.565 |
| Indep | 15840 | 37.865 | 5.421 | 36.360 | 33.330 | 57.140 |
| Top5 | 15840 | 0.523 | 0.146 | 0.521 | 0.203 | 0.852 |
| GDP | 15840 | 1.819 | 0.974 | 1.789 | 0.704 | 4.808 |
| Fids | 15840 | 1.677 | 0.415 | 1.680 | 0.907 | 2.505 |
| Open | 15840 | 0.397 | 0.275 | 0.405 | 0.010 | 1.049 |
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描述性统计
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| 变量 | 样本量 | 均值 | 标准差 | 中位数 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
| GREdta | 15840 | 0.145 | 0.171 | 0.075 | 0.001 | 0.768 |
| ESG | 15840 | 0.552 | 0.984 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2.773 |
| TFP_OP | 15840 | 6.662 | 0.754 | 6.584 | 5.118 | 8.773 |
| Datasup | 15840 | 0.245 | 0.167 | 0.203 | 0.031 | 0.816 |
| Execu_Gre | 15840 | 0.075 | 0.156 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.800 |
| Size | 15840 | 22.158 | 1.153 | 22.014 | 20.069 | 25.751 |
| FirmAge | 15840 | 2.983 | 0.279 | 2.996 | 2.197 | 3.555 |
| Lev | 15840 | 0.392 | 0.185 | 0.384 | 0.062 | 0.872 |
| Roa | 15840 | 0.043 | 0.069 | 0.043 | -0.231 | 0.231 |
| Growth | 15840 | 0.164 | 0.354 | 0.109 | -0.481 | 2.055 |
| Board | 15840 | 2.094 | 0.189 | 2.197 | 1.609 | 2.565 |
| Indep | 15840 | 37.865 | 5.421 | 36.360 | 33.330 | 57.140 |
| Top5 | 15840 | 0.523 | 0.146 | 0.521 | 0.203 | 0.852 |
| GDP | 15840 | 1.819 | 0.974 | 1.789 | 0.704 | 4.808 |
| Fids | 15840 | 1.677 | 0.415 | 1.680 | 0.907 | 2.505 |
| Open | 15840 | 0.397 | 0.275 | 0.405 | 0.010 | 1.049 |
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| 变量 | GREdta | ESG | TFP_OP | Datasup | Execu_Gre | Size | FirmAge | Lev |
| GREdta | 1 | | | | | | | |
| ESG | 0.130*** | 1 | | | | | | |
| TFP_OP | 0.143*** | 0.371*** | 1 | | | | | |
| Datasup | 0.299*** | 0.094*** | 0.112*** | 1 | | | | |
| Execu_Gre | -0.009 | 0.018** | 0.055*** | 0.021*** | 1 | | | |
| Size | 0.062*** | 0.469*** | 0.753*** | 0.073*** | 0.070*** | 1 | | |
| FirmAge | 0.146*** | 0.137*** | 0.150*** | -0.022*** | -0.013* | 0.145*** | 1 | |
| Lev | 0.005 | 0.145*** | 0.375*** | -0.009 | 0.114*** | 0.447*** | 0.102*** | 1 |
| Roa | 0.009 | 0.076*** | 0.198*** | 0.01 | -0.062*** | 0.064*** | -0.048*** | -0.372*** |
| Growth | -0.023*** | -0.009 | 0.167*** | 0.006 | 0.022*** | 0.080*** | -0.088*** | 0.042*** |
| Board | -0.065*** | 0.164*** | 0.163*** | -0.055*** | 0.016** | 0.244*** | 0.103*** | 0.106*** |
| Indep | 0.044*** | -0.013 | -0.022*** | 0.037*** | -0.004 | -0.023*** | -0.031*** | 0.001 |
| Top5 | 0.024*** | 0.038*** | 0.058*** | 0.048*** | -0.059*** | 0.033*** | -0.124*** | -0.118*** |
| GDP | 0.411*** | 0.081*** | 0.061*** | 0.623*** | 0.005 | 0.004 | -0.055*** | -0.063*** |
| Fids | 0.456*** | 0.061*** | 0.044*** | 0.479*** | -0.01 | 0.001 | 0.036*** | -0.037*** |
| Open | 0.167*** | -0.006 | -0.005 | 0.489*** | 0.022*** | -0.056*** | -0.125*** | -0.053*** |
| 变量 | Roa | Growth | Board | Indep | Top5 | GDP | Fids | Open |
| GREdta | | | | | | | | |
| ESG | | | | | | | | |
| TFP_OP | | | | | | | | |
| Datasup | | | | | | | | |
| Execu_Gre | | | | | | | | |
| Size | | | | | | | | |
| FirmAge | | | | | | | | |
| Lev | | | | | | | | |
| Roa | 1 | | | | | | | |
| Growth | 0.304*** | 1 | | | | | | |
| Board | 0.018** | 0.002 | 1 | | | | | |
| Indep | -0.019** | -0.004 | -0.599*** | 1 | | | | |
| Top5 | 0.230*** | 0.052*** | -0.041*** | 0.056*** | 1 | | | |
| GDP | -0.001 | -0.006 | -0.035*** | 0.025*** | 0.053*** | 1 | | |
| Fids | 0.007 | -0.004 | -0.047*** | 0.030*** | 0.048*** | 0.648*** | 1 | |
| Open | 0.024*** | 0.042*** | -0.063*** | 0.039*** | 0.074*** | 0.679*** | 0.510*** | 1 |
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相关性分析
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| 变量 | GREdta | ESG | TFP_OP | Datasup | Execu_Gre | Size | FirmAge | Lev |
| GREdta | 1 | | | | | | | |
| ESG | 0.130*** | 1 | | | | | | |
| TFP_OP | 0.143*** | 0.371*** | 1 | | | | | |
| Datasup | 0.299*** | 0.094*** | 0.112*** | 1 | | | | |
| Execu_Gre | -0.009 | 0.018** | 0.055*** | 0.021*** | 1 | | | |
| Size | 0.062*** | 0.469*** | 0.753*** | 0.073*** | 0.070*** | 1 | | |
| FirmAge | 0.146*** | 0.137*** | 0.150*** | -0.022*** | -0.013* | 0.145*** | 1 | |
| Lev | 0.005 | 0.145*** | 0.375*** | -0.009 | 0.114*** | 0.447*** | 0.102*** | 1 |
| Roa | 0.009 | 0.076*** | 0.198*** | 0.01 | -0.062*** | 0.064*** | -0.048*** | -0.372*** |
| Growth | -0.023*** | -0.009 | 0.167*** | 0.006 | 0.022*** | 0.080*** | -0.088*** | 0.042*** |
| Board | -0.065*** | 0.164*** | 0.163*** | -0.055*** | 0.016** | 0.244*** | 0.103*** | 0.106*** |
| Indep | 0.044*** | -0.013 | -0.022*** | 0.037*** | -0.004 | -0.023*** | -0.031*** | 0.001 |
| Top5 | 0.024*** | 0.038*** | 0.058*** | 0.048*** | -0.059*** | 0.033*** | -0.124*** | -0.118*** |
| GDP | 0.411*** | 0.081*** | 0.061*** | 0.623*** | 0.005 | 0.004 | -0.055*** | -0.063*** |
| Fids | 0.456*** | 0.061*** | 0.044*** | 0.479*** | -0.01 | 0.001 | 0.036*** | -0.037*** |
| Open | 0.167*** | -0.006 | -0.005 | 0.489*** | 0.022*** | -0.056*** | -0.125*** | -0.053*** |
| 变量 | Roa | Growth | Board | Indep | Top5 | GDP | Fids | Open |
| GREdta | | | | | | | | |
| ESG | | | | | | | | |
| TFP_OP | | | | | | | | |
| Datasup | | | | | | | | |
| Execu_Gre | | | | | | | | |
| Size | | | | | | | | |
| FirmAge | | | | | | | | |
| Lev | | | | | | | | |
| Roa | 1 | | | | | | | |
| Growth | 0.304*** | 1 | | | | | | |
| Board | 0.018** | 0.002 | 1 | | | | | |
| Indep | -0.019** | -0.004 | -0.599*** | 1 | | | | |
| Top5 | 0.230*** | 0.052*** | -0.041*** | 0.056*** | 1 | | | |
| GDP | -0.001 | -0.006 | -0.035*** | 0.025*** | 0.053*** | 1 | | |
| Fids | 0.007 | -0.004 | -0.047*** | 0.030*** | 0.048*** | 0.648*** | 1 | |
| Open | 0.024*** | 0.042*** | -0.063*** | 0.039*** | 0.074*** | 0.679*** | 0.510*** | 1 |
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | 变量 | (1) | (2) |
| TFP_OP | ESG | TFP_OP | ESG |
| GREdta | 0.176*** (3.441) | 0.359*** (3.256) | Top5 | 0.023 (0.450) | 0.148 (1.387) |
| Datasup | 0.065 (1.118) | 0.116 (1.022) | GDP | 0.046*** (3.584) | 0.080*** (2.954) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.050 (-1.063) | 0.010 (0.103) | Fids | -0.063*** (-2.586) | -0.027 (-0.530) |
| Size | 0.415*** (50.317) | 0.387*** (23.743) | Open | 0.101** (2.265) | -0.141 (-1.577) |
| FirmAge | 0.077*** (2.648) | 0.196*** (3.538) | _cons | -2.919*** (-14.175) | -9.929*** (-22.952) |
| Lev | 0.579*** (11.445) | -0.228** (-2.530) | Year | Yes | Yes |
| Roa | 2.198*** (20.255) | 0.529*** (2.840) | Industry | Yes | Yes |
| Growth | 0.103*** (6.669) | -0.141*** (-6.145) | N | 15840 | 15840 |
| Board | -0.072 (-1.581) | 0.441*** (4.547) | Adj.R2 | 0.672 | 0.259 |
| Indep | -0.003* (-1.816) | 0.008** (2.347) | | | |
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基准回归
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | 变量 | (1) | (2) |
| TFP_OP | ESG | TFP_OP | ESG |
| GREdta | 0.176*** (3.441) | 0.359*** (3.256) | Top5 | 0.023 (0.450) | 0.148 (1.387) |
| Datasup | 0.065 (1.118) | 0.116 (1.022) | GDP | 0.046*** (3.584) | 0.080*** (2.954) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.050 (-1.063) | 0.010 (0.103) | Fids | -0.063*** (-2.586) | -0.027 (-0.530) |
| Size | 0.415*** (50.317) | 0.387*** (23.743) | Open | 0.101** (2.265) | -0.141 (-1.577) |
| FirmAge | 0.077*** (2.648) | 0.196*** (3.538) | _cons | -2.919*** (-14.175) | -9.929*** (-22.952) |
| Lev | 0.579*** (11.445) | -0.228** (-2.530) | Year | Yes | Yes |
| Roa | 2.198*** (20.255) | 0.529*** (2.840) | Industry | Yes | Yes |
| Growth | 0.103*** (6.669) | -0.141*** (-6.145) | N | 15840 | 15840 |
| Board | -0.072 (-1.581) | 0.441*** (4.547) | Adj.R2 | 0.672 | 0.259 |
| Indep | -0.003* (-1.816) | 0.008** (2.347) | | | |
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| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| TFP_OP | TFP_OP | TFP_OP | ESG | ESG | ESG |
| GREdta | 0.157*** (3.150) | 0.166*** (3.199) | 0.149*** (2.976) | 0.325*** (2.928) | 0.337*** (3.061) | 0.310*** (2.789) |
| GREdta_ds | 0.558*** (2.620) | | 0.498** (2.267) | 0.935** (2.327) | | 0.815** (2.002) |
| GREdta_Execu | | 0.431*** (2.848) | 0.381** (2.502) | | 0.846*** (2.776) | 0.763** (2.469) |
| Datasup | 0.014 (0.225) | 0.052 (0.895) | 0.008 (0.132) | 0.030 (0.250) | 0.090 (0.788) | 0.018 (0.150) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.048 (-1.021) | -0.050 (-1.058) | -0.048 (-1.021) | 0.014 (0.138) | 0.011 (0.108) | 0.014 (0.137) |
| Size | 0.414*** (50.120) | 0.414*** (50.227) | 0.413*** (50.045) | 0.385*** (23.606) | 0.385*** (23.581) | 0.383*** (23.468) |
| FirmAge | 0.074*** (2.582) | 0.077*** (2.648) | 0.075*** (2.590) | 0.192*** (3.471) | 0.196*** (3.542) | 0.193*** (3.483) |
| Lev | 0.580*** (11.475) | 0.580*** (11.463) | 0.581*** (11.487) | -0.225** (-2.499) | -0.226** (-2.509) | -0.224** (-2.485) |
| Roa | 2.199*** (20.294) | 2.199*** (20.285) | 2.200*** (20.317) | 0.531*** (2.851) | 0.531*** (2.846) | 0.533*** (2.856) |
| Growth | 0.103*** (6.681) | 0.102*** (6.604) | 0.103*** (6.621) | -0.141*** (-6.138) | -0.143*** (-6.192) | -0.142*** (-6.181) |
| Board | -0.072 (-1.590) | -0.073 (-1.617) | -0.073 (-1.622) | 0.441*** (4.540) | 0.438*** (4.511) | 0.438*** (4.508) |
| Indep | -0.003* (-1.871) | -0.003* (-1.842) | -0.003* (-1.888) | 0.007** (2.308) | 0.007** (2.324) | 0.007** (2.292) |
| Top5 | 0.021 (0.416) | 0.024 (0.463) | 0.022 (0.431) | 0.145 (1.360) | 0.149 (1.400) | 0.147 (1.374) |
| GDP | 0.049*** (3.814) | 0.047*** (3.697) | 0.050*** (3.896) | 0.085*** (3.160) | 0.083*** (3.054) | 0.087*** (3.226) |
| Fids | -0.065*** (-2.660) | -0.063** (-2.561) | -0.064*** (-2.630) | -0.029 (-0.582) | -0.026 (-0.505) | -0.028 (-0.553) |
| Open | 0.134*** (2.860) | 0.106** (2.382) | 0.135*** (2.875) | -0.085 (-0.884) | -0.132 (-1.473) | -0.084 (-0.871) |
| _cons | -2.888*** (-14.042) | -2.890*** (-14.069) | -2.866*** (-13.947) | -9.878*** (-22.795) | -9.873*** (-22.841) | -9.833*** (-22.710) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.673 | 0.673 | 0.673 | 0.260 | 0.260 | 0.261 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301145040077460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
调节效应检验
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| TFP_OP | TFP_OP | TFP_OP | ESG | ESG | ESG |
| GREdta | 0.157*** (3.150) | 0.166*** (3.199) | 0.149*** (2.976) | 0.325*** (2.928) | 0.337*** (3.061) | 0.310*** (2.789) |
| GREdta_ds | 0.558*** (2.620) | | 0.498** (2.267) | 0.935** (2.327) | | 0.815** (2.002) |
| GREdta_Execu | | 0.431*** (2.848) | 0.381** (2.502) | | 0.846*** (2.776) | 0.763** (2.469) |
| Datasup | 0.014 (0.225) | 0.052 (0.895) | 0.008 (0.132) | 0.030 (0.250) | 0.090 (0.788) | 0.018 (0.150) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.048 (-1.021) | -0.050 (-1.058) | -0.048 (-1.021) | 0.014 (0.138) | 0.011 (0.108) | 0.014 (0.137) |
| Size | 0.414*** (50.120) | 0.414*** (50.227) | 0.413*** (50.045) | 0.385*** (23.606) | 0.385*** (23.581) | 0.383*** (23.468) |
| FirmAge | 0.074*** (2.582) | 0.077*** (2.648) | 0.075*** (2.590) | 0.192*** (3.471) | 0.196*** (3.542) | 0.193*** (3.483) |
| Lev | 0.580*** (11.475) | 0.580*** (11.463) | 0.581*** (11.487) | -0.225** (-2.499) | -0.226** (-2.509) | -0.224** (-2.485) |
| Roa | 2.199*** (20.294) | 2.199*** (20.285) | 2.200*** (20.317) | 0.531*** (2.851) | 0.531*** (2.846) | 0.533*** (2.856) |
| Growth | 0.103*** (6.681) | 0.102*** (6.604) | 0.103*** (6.621) | -0.141*** (-6.138) | -0.143*** (-6.192) | -0.142*** (-6.181) |
| Board | -0.072 (-1.590) | -0.073 (-1.617) | -0.073 (-1.622) | 0.441*** (4.540) | 0.438*** (4.511) | 0.438*** (4.508) |
| Indep | -0.003* (-1.871) | -0.003* (-1.842) | -0.003* (-1.888) | 0.007** (2.308) | 0.007** (2.324) | 0.007** (2.292) |
| Top5 | 0.021 (0.416) | 0.024 (0.463) | 0.022 (0.431) | 0.145 (1.360) | 0.149 (1.400) | 0.147 (1.374) |
| GDP | 0.049*** (3.814) | 0.047*** (3.697) | 0.050*** (3.896) | 0.085*** (3.160) | 0.083*** (3.054) | 0.087*** (3.226) |
| Fids | -0.065*** (-2.660) | -0.063** (-2.561) | -0.064*** (-2.630) | -0.029 (-0.582) | -0.026 (-0.505) | -0.028 (-0.553) |
| Open | 0.134*** (2.860) | 0.106** (2.382) | 0.135*** (2.875) | -0.085 (-0.884) | -0.132 (-1.473) | -0.084 (-0.871) |
| _cons | -2.888*** (-14.042) | -2.890*** (-14.069) | -2.866*** (-13.947) | -9.878*** (-22.795) | -9.873*** (-22.841) | -9.833*** (-22.710) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.673 | 0.673 | 0.673 | 0.260 | 0.260 | 0.261 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301145107186325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| TFP_LP | ESG_H | TFP_LP | TFP_LP | TFP_LP | ESG_H | ESG_H | ESG_H |
| GREdta | 0.228*** (4.188) | 0.233** (2.493) | 0.202*** (3.870) | 0.217*** (3.954) | 0.195*** (3.708) | 0.201** (2.161) | 0.217** (2.308) | 0.190** (2.033) |
| GREdta_ds | | | 0.704*** (3.077) | | 0.645*** (2.728) | 0.902** (2.315) | | 0.811** (2.073) |
| GREdta_Execu | | | | 0.439*** (2.737) | 0.374** (2.315) | | 0.660** (2.409) | 0.577** (2.065) |
| Datasup | 0.194*** (3.252) | 0.221** (2.240) | 0.130** (2.004) | 0.181*** (3.029) | 0.124* (1.922) | 0.139 (1.261) | 0.201** (2.030) | 0.130 (1.177) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.122** (-2.334) | 0.177** (1.976) | -0.120** (-2.287) | -0.122** (-2.330) | -0.120** (-2.288) | 0.180** (2.013) | 0.177** (1.988) | 0.180** (2.020) |
| Size | 0.597*** (68.926) | 0.228*** (14.824) | 0.595*** (68.638) | 0.595*** (68.804) | 0.594*** (68.533) | 0.226*** (14.655) | 0.226*** (14.695) | 0.225*** (14.557) |
| FirmAge | 0.107*** (3.502) | -0.102* (-1.896) | 0.104*** (3.423) | 0.107*** (3.500) | 0.105*** (3.430) | -0.105* (-1.959) | -0.102* (-1.897) | -0.105* (-1.954) |
| Lev | 0.760*** (14.161) | -0.935*** (-9.764) | 0.762*** (14.208) | 0.761*** (14.177) | 0.763*** (14.217) | -0.932*** (-9.735) | -0.933*** (-9.760) | -0.931*** (-9.734) |
| Roa | 2.667*** (23.526) | 2.948*** (14.054) | 2.669*** (23.598) | 2.668*** (23.561) | 2.670*** (23.623) | 2.951*** (14.076) | 2.950*** (14.057) | 2.952*** (14.077) |
| Growth | 0.067*** (4.357) | -0.161*** (-5.805) | 0.067*** (4.376) | 0.066*** (4.287) | 0.067*** (4.314) | -0.160*** (-5.797) | -0.162*** (-5.860) | -0.162*** (-5.847) |
| Board | -0.027 (-0.578) | 0.282*** (3.093) | -0.027 (-0.586) | -0.028 (-0.613) | -0.028 (-0.615) | 0.282*** (3.085) | 0.280*** (3.065) | 0.280*** (3.062) |
| Indep | -0.004** (-2.405) | 0.015*** (5.035) | -0.004** (-2.477) | -0.004** (-2.431) | -0.004** (-2.493) | 0.015*** (4.993) | 0.015*** (5.017) | 0.015*** (4.983) |
| Top5 | 0.132** (2.438) | 0.565*** (5.712) | 0.130** (2.401) | 0.133** (2.451) | 0.130** (2.414) | 0.562*** (5.679) | 0.566*** (5.730) | 0.564*** (5.698) |
| GDP | -0.009 (-0.639) | 0.047** (1.968) | -0.005 (-0.366) | -0.007 (-0.529) | -0.004 (-0.295) | 0.051** (2.176) | 0.049** (2.058) | 0.053** (2.235) |
| Fids | -0.050** (-1.996) | -0.058 (-1.227) | -0.052** (-2.082) | -0.049** (-1.972) | -0.051** (-2.053) | -0.061 (-1.279) | -0.057 (-1.206) | -0.060 (-1.256) |
| Open | 0.154*** (3.284) | -0.244*** (-2.766) | 0.196*** (3.957) | 0.159*** (3.403) | 0.197*** (3.972) | -0.190** (-2.028) | -0.236*** (-2.684) | -0.189** (-2.019) |
| _cons | -5.564*** (-25.863) | -1.840*** (-4.693) | -5.526*** (-25.722) | -5.535*** (-25.747) | -5.504*** (-25.609) | -1.791*** (-4.542) | -1.796*** (-4.571) | -1.757*** (-4.451) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.771 | 0.154 | 0.771 | 0.771 | 0.771 | 0.155 | 0.155 | 0.155 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301145186878102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=CN, label=表8, caption=
替换被解释变量的稳健性检验
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| TFP_LP | ESG_H | TFP_LP | TFP_LP | TFP_LP | ESG_H | ESG_H | ESG_H |
| GREdta | 0.228*** (4.188) | 0.233** (2.493) | 0.202*** (3.870) | 0.217*** (3.954) | 0.195*** (3.708) | 0.201** (2.161) | 0.217** (2.308) | 0.190** (2.033) |
| GREdta_ds | | | 0.704*** (3.077) | | 0.645*** (2.728) | 0.902** (2.315) | | 0.811** (2.073) |
| GREdta_Execu | | | | 0.439*** (2.737) | 0.374** (2.315) | | 0.660** (2.409) | 0.577** (2.065) |
| Datasup | 0.194*** (3.252) | 0.221** (2.240) | 0.130** (2.004) | 0.181*** (3.029) | 0.124* (1.922) | 0.139 (1.261) | 0.201** (2.030) | 0.130 (1.177) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.122** (-2.334) | 0.177** (1.976) | -0.120** (-2.287) | -0.122** (-2.330) | -0.120** (-2.288) | 0.180** (2.013) | 0.177** (1.988) | 0.180** (2.020) |
| Size | 0.597*** (68.926) | 0.228*** (14.824) | 0.595*** (68.638) | 0.595*** (68.804) | 0.594*** (68.533) | 0.226*** (14.655) | 0.226*** (14.695) | 0.225*** (14.557) |
| FirmAge | 0.107*** (3.502) | -0.102* (-1.896) | 0.104*** (3.423) | 0.107*** (3.500) | 0.105*** (3.430) | -0.105* (-1.959) | -0.102* (-1.897) | -0.105* (-1.954) |
| Lev | 0.760*** (14.161) | -0.935*** (-9.764) | 0.762*** (14.208) | 0.761*** (14.177) | 0.763*** (14.217) | -0.932*** (-9.735) | -0.933*** (-9.760) | -0.931*** (-9.734) |
| Roa | 2.667*** (23.526) | 2.948*** (14.054) | 2.669*** (23.598) | 2.668*** (23.561) | 2.670*** (23.623) | 2.951*** (14.076) | 2.950*** (14.057) | 2.952*** (14.077) |
| Growth | 0.067*** (4.357) | -0.161*** (-5.805) | 0.067*** (4.376) | 0.066*** (4.287) | 0.067*** (4.314) | -0.160*** (-5.797) | -0.162*** (-5.860) | -0.162*** (-5.847) |
| Board | -0.027 (-0.578) | 0.282*** (3.093) | -0.027 (-0.586) | -0.028 (-0.613) | -0.028 (-0.615) | 0.282*** (3.085) | 0.280*** (3.065) | 0.280*** (3.062) |
| Indep | -0.004** (-2.405) | 0.015*** (5.035) | -0.004** (-2.477) | -0.004** (-2.431) | -0.004** (-2.493) | 0.015*** (4.993) | 0.015*** (5.017) | 0.015*** (4.983) |
| Top5 | 0.132** (2.438) | 0.565*** (5.712) | 0.130** (2.401) | 0.133** (2.451) | 0.130** (2.414) | 0.562*** (5.679) | 0.566*** (5.730) | 0.564*** (5.698) |
| GDP | -0.009 (-0.639) | 0.047** (1.968) | -0.005 (-0.366) | -0.007 (-0.529) | -0.004 (-0.295) | 0.051** (2.176) | 0.049** (2.058) | 0.053** (2.235) |
| Fids | -0.050** (-1.996) | -0.058 (-1.227) | -0.052** (-2.082) | -0.049** (-1.972) | -0.051** (-2.053) | -0.061 (-1.279) | -0.057 (-1.206) | -0.060 (-1.256) |
| Open | 0.154*** (3.284) | -0.244*** (-2.766) | 0.196*** (3.957) | 0.159*** (3.403) | 0.197*** (3.972) | -0.190** (-2.028) | -0.236*** (-2.684) | -0.189** (-2.019) |
| _cons | -5.564*** (-25.863) | -1.840*** (-4.693) | -5.526*** (-25.722) | -5.535*** (-25.747) | -5.504*** (-25.609) | -1.791*** (-4.542) | -1.796*** (-4.571) | -1.757*** (-4.451) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.771 | 0.154 | 0.771 | 0.771 | 0.771 | 0.155 | 0.155 | 0.155 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301145262375575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| GREdta | TFP_OP | ESG | GREdta | TFP_OP | ESG |
| tele×int | 0.000*** (20.024) | | | | | |
| terou×intdk | | | | -0.001*** (-3.021) | | |
| GREdta_hat_1 | | 0.402** (2.202) | 0.778** (2.208) | | | |
| GREdta_hat_2 | | | | | 0.222** (2.422) | 0.320** (2.147) |
| Datasup | 0.058*** (3.565) | 0.080 (1.348) | 0.144 (1.244) | -0.059*** (-3.458) | 0.185** (2.248) | 0.282** (1.987) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.007 (-0.890) | -0.048 (-1.020) | 0.014 (0.142) | -0.008 (-0.888) | -0.035 (-0.730) | 0.032 (0.319) |
| Size | 0.002 (1.364) | 0.413*** (49.419) | 0.383*** (23.366) | 0.007*** (3.833) | 0.400*** (36.972) | 0.365*** (18.401) |
| FirmAge | 0.002 (0.305) | 0.075*** (2.584) | 0.193*** (3.471) | 0.008 (1.440) | 0.061** (2.059) | 0.174*** (3.067) |
| Lev | 0.015* (1.808) | 0.577*** (11.419) | -0.231** (-2.562) | 0.010 (1.106) | 0.558*** (10.914) | -0.256*** (-2.801) |
| Roa | 0.031 (1.521) | 2.197*** (20.215) | 0.527*** (2.822) | 0.010 (0.490) | 2.178*** (20.013) | 0.502*** (2.679) |
| Growth | -0.005 (-1.492) | 0.104*** (6.710) | -0.140*** (-6.070) | -0.003 (-0.932) | 0.109*** (7.025) | -0.133*** (-5.653) |
| Board | -0.021** (-2.146) | -0.071 (-1.566) | 0.443*** (4.550) | -0.006 (-0.557) | -0.057 (-1.246) | 0.462*** (4.725) |
| Indep | -0.000 (-1.031) | -0.003* (-1.814) | 0.008** (2.352) | -0.000 (-0.223) | -0.003* (-1.667) | 0.008** (2.438) |
| Top5 | 0.030*** (3.310) | 0.019 (0.366) | 0.140 (1.308) | 0.018* (1.722) | -0.014 (-0.264) | 0.096 (0.869) |
| GDP | -0.062*** (-11.143) | 0.039*** (2.805) | 0.066** (2.366) | 0.031*** (9.378) | -0.018 (-0.558) | -0.008 (-0.152) |
| Fids | -0.002 (-0.446) | -0.063** (-2.556) | -0.026 (-0.506) | -0.001 (-0.155) | -0.056** (-2.292) | -0.017 (-0.338) |
| Open | 0.247*** (27.039) | 0.054 (0.885) | -0.228* (-1.928) | 0.199*** (24.370) | -0.323* (-1.684) | -0.731** (-2.321) |
| _cons | 0.031 (0.730) | -2.878*** (-13.754) | -9.854*** (-22.712) | -0.140*** (-2.996) | -2.593*** (-10.255) | -9.473*** (-19.135) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cragg-Donald Wald F | 2265.024 | 21.887 |
| Kleibergen-Paap rk LM | 318.070*** | 12.496*** |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.651 | 0.672 | 0.259 | 0.601 | 0.672 | 0.258 |
), ArticleFig(id=1177301145342067352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120045056339983, articleId=1149712411311124772, language=CN, label=表9, caption=
工具变量法
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
| GREdta | TFP_OP | ESG | GREdta | TFP_OP | ESG |
| tele×int | 0.000*** (20.024) | | | | | |
| terou×intdk | | | | -0.001*** (-3.021) | | |
| GREdta_hat_1 | | 0.402** (2.202) | 0.778** (2.208) | | | |
| GREdta_hat_2 | | | | | 0.222** (2.422) | 0.320** (2.147) |
| Datasup | 0.058*** (3.565) | 0.080 (1.348) | 0.144 (1.244) | -0.059*** (-3.458) | 0.185** (2.248) | 0.282** (1.987) |
| Execu_Gre | -0.007 (-0.890) | -0.048 (-1.020) | 0.014 (0.142) | -0.008 (-0.888) | -0.035 (-0.730) | 0.032 (0.319) |
| Size | 0.002 (1.364) | 0.413*** (49.419) | 0.383*** (23.366) | 0.007*** (3.833) | 0.400*** (36.972) | 0.365*** (18.401) |
| FirmAge | 0.002 (0.305) | 0.075*** (2.584) | 0.193*** (3.471) | 0.008 (1.440) | 0.061** (2.059) | 0.174*** (3.067) |
| Lev | 0.015* (1.808) | 0.577*** (11.419) | -0.231** (-2.562) | 0.010 (1.106) | 0.558*** (10.914) | -0.256*** (-2.801) |
| Roa | 0.031 (1.521) | 2.197*** (20.215) | 0.527*** (2.822) | 0.010 (0.490) | 2.178*** (20.013) | 0.502*** (2.679) |
| Growth | -0.005 (-1.492) | 0.104*** (6.710) | -0.140*** (-6.070) | -0.003 (-0.932) | 0.109*** (7.025) | -0.133*** (-5.653) |
| Board | -0.021** (-2.146) | -0.071 (-1.566) | 0.443*** (4.550) | -0.006 (-0.557) | -0.057 (-1.246) | 0.462*** (4.725) |
| Indep | -0.000 (-1.031) | -0.003* (-1.814) | 0.008** (2.352) | -0.000 (-0.223) | -0.003* (-1.667) | 0.008** (2.438) |
| Top5 | 0.030*** (3.310) | 0.019 (0.366) | 0.140 (1.308) | 0.018* (1.722) | -0.014 (-0.264) | 0.096 (0.869) |
| GDP | -0.062*** (-11.143) | 0.039*** (2.805) | 0.066** (2.366) | 0.031*** (9.378) | -0.018 (-0.558) | -0.008 (-0.152) |
| Fids | -0.002 (-0.446) | -0.063** (-2.556) | -0.026 (-0.506) | -0.001 (-0.155) | -0.056** (-2.292) | -0.017 (-0.338) |
| Open | 0.247*** (27.039) | 0.054 (0.885) | -0.228* (-1.928) | 0.199*** (24.370) | -0.323* (-1.684) | -0.731** (-2.321) |
| _cons | 0.031 (0.730) | -2.878*** (-13.754) | -9.854*** (-22.712) | -0.140*** (-2.996) | -2.593*** (-10.255) | -9.473*** (-19.135) |
| Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cragg-Donald Wald F | 2265.024 | 21.887 |
| Kleibergen-Paap rk LM | 318.070*** | 12.496*** |
| N | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 | 15840 |
| Adj.R2 | 0.651 | 0.672 | 0.259 | 0.601 | 0.672 | 0.258 |
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