Article(id=1276897129771692795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, issueId=1276896822652174534, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13205/j.hjgc.202603017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1770220800000, receivedDateStr=2026-02-05, revisedDate=1771171200000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-16, acceptedDate=1771948800000, acceptedDateStr=2026-02-25, onlineDate=1782365599339, onlineDateStr=2026-06-25, pubDate=1774108800000, pubDateStr=2026-03-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1782365599339, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1782365599338, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1782365599338, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1276896822652174534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, year='2026', volume='44', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='206', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774108800000', pubDateStr='2026-03-22', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1782365526116, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782722557449, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1278394320713589676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, issueId=1276896822652174534, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1278394320713589677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, issueId=1276896822652174534, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=189, endPage=196, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1276897129973019389, articleId=1276897129771692795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, language=EN, title=Green and low-carbon construction strategies for river regulation projects based on LCA carbon emission accounting and multi-scenario analysis: a case study of Jurong River in Nanjing, columnId=null, journalTitle=Environmental Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects is an important part of the green transformation of water conservancy projects under the goals of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". Aiming at the common problems existing in the green and low-carbon construction of traditional river regulation projects, such as excessive qualitative descriptions of strategies, insufficient life cycle assessment (LCA), excessive process analysis, and inadequate multi-scenario guidance, this paper took the demonstration section of the Jurong River Regulation Project in Nanjing as a case study. Based on identifying the carbon emission characteristics of river regulation projects via LCA, an environment-economic dual-objective model was adopted to conduct scenario analysis for the selection of green and low-carbon construction technologies under different objectives, and corresponding combined strategies of green and low-carbon technical measures were proposed. The results showed that the carbon emission intensity during the construction period of the Jurong River demonstration section(length 8.46 km) was 2705 t CO2eq/km, among which the raw material production stage accounted for 92.49%, followed by the engineering construction stage (5.75%), engineering transportation (1.06%), and engineering preparation (0.70%). Multi-scenario analysis indicated that the application of measures including low-carbon new energy transportation, fly ash, and recycled concrete could reduce carbon emissions by 4486 t CO2eq and achieve an optimal economic benefit of RMB 1.0814 million. The combination of fly ash, recycled aggregate concrete, and carbon capture and reduction cement (with a replacement rate of 90.32%) could reduce emissions by 7551 t CO2eq, realizing a balance between economic and environmental performance. Implementing all carbon reduction measures could achieve a carbon reduction of 9596 t CO2eq but would require an investment of RMB 1.1337 million. The scenarios of maximum economic benefit and economic-ecological balance present better engineering applicability and can provide a decision-making basis for the green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects.

, authors=null, authorsList=Da WU, Guangcheng SHAO, Kai ZHANG, Erzi ZHANG, Qian FENG, Jingyang LUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1276897132569293576, articleId=1276897129771692795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, language=CN, title=基于LCA碳排放核算与多情景分析的河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略研究:以南京句容河为例, columnId=1276897041909420377, journalTitle=环境工程, columnName=碳中和技术与工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设是“双碳”目标下水利工程绿色转型的重要内容。针对传统河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略定性描述多、生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)少、过程解析多、多场景指导少的共性问题,以南京市句容河整治工程示范段为例,在LCA评价识别河道整治工程碳排放特征的基础上,利用环境/经济二元模型对绿色低碳建设技术的选择进行了不同目标下的情景分析,形成了相应的绿色低碳建设技术措施的组合策略。结果表明:句容河示范段(长度8.46 km)建设期碳排放强度为2705 t CO2eq/km,其中,原材料生产阶段占比最高达92.49%,其次依次为工程建设阶段5.75%>工程运输1.06%>工程准备0.70%。多情景分析显示:采用低碳新能源运输、粉煤灰及再生混凝土等措施,可实现减碳4486 t CO2eq,产生108.14万元的最优经济价值;采用粉煤灰、再生骨料混凝土及碳捕捉水泥(替代率达90.32%)等组合,可减碳7551 t CO2eq,实现经济与环境绩效均衡;实施全部降碳措施可减碳9596 t CO2eq,但需投入113.37万元。经济效益最大化情景与经济生态平衡情景更具工程适用性,可为河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设提供决策依据。

, authors=

吴达(1999—),男,研究生,主要研究方向为碳排放核算。

, authorsList=吴达, 邵光成, 章凯, 章二子, 冯骞, 罗景阳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
冯骞(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为绿色低碳水系统。
罗景阳(1989—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为污水及废弃物资源化。
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吴达(1999—),男,研究生,主要研究方向为碳排放核算。

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吴达(1999—),男,研究生,主要研究方向为碳排放核算。

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caption=多情景下河道整治工程绿色低碳建设技术措施优化组合及降碳成本绩效, figureFileSmall=LIHTyGF1ovk8HjV2fvQ/ug==, figureFileBig=ivMwOZhRZpG6t6XQl8C2IA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1277266624164004299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, articleId=1276897129771692795, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Carbon emission factors for engineering, energy, and materials involved in the river regulation projects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
排放阶段来源碳排放因子名称

因子数值/

(kg CO2eq)

说明文献
工程准备平整土地0.023 kg/m3[22]
土方开挖1.086 kg/m3
土方回填0.128 kg/m3
人工6.61 kg/工日
原材料生产混凝土250~505.67 kg/m3依照混凝土标号与是否为预制件选择[23]
水泥735 kg/t
钢筋2340 kg/t
生石灰1190 kg/t
土工网7.3 kg/kg
沥青277 kg/m3
木材300 kg/t
砂石垫层8.76 kg/m³
碎石3.1 kg/t
块石6.49 kg/t
工程运输土方运输0.057 kg/(t·km)[24]
原材料运输0.057 kg/(t·km)
人工6.61 kg/工日
工程建设燃料3.25~3.51 kg/kg依照燃料类型选择[25]
电力0.58 kg/(kW·h)
人工6.61 kg/工日
), ArticleFig(id=1277266624239501772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, articleId=1276897129771692795, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

河道整治项目涉及工程、能源及材料的碳排放因子

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
排放阶段来源碳排放因子名称

因子数值/

(kg CO2eq)

说明文献
工程准备平整土地0.023 kg/m3[22]
土方开挖1.086 kg/m3
土方回填0.128 kg/m3
人工6.61 kg/工日
原材料生产混凝土250~505.67 kg/m3依照混凝土标号与是否为预制件选择[23]
水泥735 kg/t
钢筋2340 kg/t
生石灰1190 kg/t
土工网7.3 kg/kg
沥青277 kg/m3
木材300 kg/t
砂石垫层8.76 kg/m³
碎石3.1 kg/t
块石6.49 kg/t
工程运输土方运输0.057 kg/(t·km)[24]
原材料运输0.057 kg/(t·km)
人工6.61 kg/工日
工程建设燃料3.25~3.51 kg/kg依照燃料类型选择[25]
电力0.58 kg/(kW·h)
人工6.61 kg/工日
), ArticleFig(id=1277266624319193549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, articleId=1276897129771692795, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Technical and economic analysis of green and low-carbon construction measures for the river regulation project

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
降碳措施降碳产品降碳技术方法降碳效率技术成本
原材料生产碳捕捉工艺水泥通过化学吸收法、冷氨工艺、膜分离法和固体吸收法等,在水泥生产加工制造过程中将生产过程燃烧烟气中的CO2捕获并储存、利用[30]CO2平均捕捉率85%~90%,水泥生产碳排放平均降低85%~90%,本研究中设置为90%平均减碳成本高达455 元/t CO2eq
碳捕捉工艺钢筋通过高炉回收、氧燃烧法、MEA 吸收法和膜分离法等,在钢材生产工艺中实现捕碳[30]CO2平均捕捉率40%~90%,钢筋生产碳排放平均降低40%~90%,本研究中设置为90%平均减碳成本高达588.5 元/t CO2eq
塑料材料采用聚乙烯替代聚氯乙烯[30]碳排放因子由7300 kg CO2eq/t下降至2620 kg CO2eq/t材料采购成本由7200 元/t上升至11000 元/t
再生材料应用混凝土采用再生骨料混凝土替代普通混凝土[31]碳排放降低35%~40%。以C30混凝土为例,由295 kg CO2eq/m³下降至189 kg CO2eq/m³再生骨料混凝土与普通混凝土价格类似
粉煤灰将使用的生石灰等额替换为粉煤灰[30]碳排放因子由1190 kg CO2eq/t下降至8 kg CO2eq/t材料采购成本由550 元/t下降至 120元/t
新能源应用新能源运输车采用新能源车替代传统燃油汽车[30]由0.057 kg CO2eq/(t·km)下降至0.031kg CO2eq/(t·km)运输成本由2.456 元/km下降至0.9569元/km
光伏设施施工现场布设光伏设施[32]依照光伏发电设备装机容量、铺设面积、组件效率等确定,本研究中降碳为124.7 kg CO2eq/(m2·a)光伏发电系统的购买安装成本市场价格为700 元/m2
), ArticleFig(id=1277266624390496718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1273696621738037261, articleId=1276897129771692795, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

河道整治工程绿色低碳建设措施技术经济分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
降碳措施降碳产品降碳技术方法降碳效率技术成本
原材料生产碳捕捉工艺水泥通过化学吸收法、冷氨工艺、膜分离法和固体吸收法等,在水泥生产加工制造过程中将生产过程燃烧烟气中的CO2捕获并储存、利用[30]CO2平均捕捉率85%~90%,水泥生产碳排放平均降低85%~90%,本研究中设置为90%平均减碳成本高达455 元/t CO2eq
碳捕捉工艺钢筋通过高炉回收、氧燃烧法、MEA 吸收法和膜分离法等,在钢材生产工艺中实现捕碳[30]CO2平均捕捉率40%~90%,钢筋生产碳排放平均降低40%~90%,本研究中设置为90%平均减碳成本高达588.5 元/t CO2eq
塑料材料采用聚乙烯替代聚氯乙烯[30]碳排放因子由7300 kg CO2eq/t下降至2620 kg CO2eq/t材料采购成本由7200 元/t上升至11000 元/t
再生材料应用混凝土采用再生骨料混凝土替代普通混凝土[31]碳排放降低35%~40%。以C30混凝土为例,由295 kg CO2eq/m³下降至189 kg CO2eq/m³再生骨料混凝土与普通混凝土价格类似
粉煤灰将使用的生石灰等额替换为粉煤灰[30]碳排放因子由1190 kg CO2eq/t下降至8 kg CO2eq/t材料采购成本由550 元/t下降至 120元/t
新能源应用新能源运输车采用新能源车替代传统燃油汽车[30]由0.057 kg CO2eq/(t·km)下降至0.031kg CO2eq/(t·km)运输成本由2.456 元/km下降至0.9569元/km
光伏设施施工现场布设光伏设施[32]依照光伏发电设备装机容量、铺设面积、组件效率等确定,本研究中降碳为124.7 kg CO2eq/(m2·a)光伏发电系统的购买安装成本市场价格为700 元/m2
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基于LCA碳排放核算与多情景分析的河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略研究:以南京句容河为例
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吴达 1 , 邵光成 1 , 章凯 2 , 章二子 2 , 冯骞 3, 4 , 罗景阳 3, 4
环境工程 | 碳中和技术与工程 2026,44(3): 189-196
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环境工程 |碳中和技术与工程 2026 , 44 (3) : 189 -196
基于LCA碳排放核算与多情景分析的河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略研究:以南京句容河为例
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吴达1 , 邵光成1, 章凯2, 章二子2, 冯骞3, 4 , 罗景阳3, 4
作者信息
  • 1河海大学 农业工程学院,南京 210098
  • 2南京市江宁区水务局,南京 211112
  • 3河海大学 环境学院,南京 210098
  • 4河海大学 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京 210098
通讯作者:
冯骞(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为绿色低碳水系统。
罗景阳(1989—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为污水及废弃物资源化。
Green and low-carbon construction strategies for river regulation projects based on LCA carbon emission accounting and multi-scenario analysis: a case study of Jurong River in Nanjing
Da WU1 , Guangcheng SHAO1, Kai ZHANG2, Erzi ZHANG2, Qian FENG3, 4 , Jingyang LUO3, 4
Affiliations
  • 1College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
  • 2Nanjing Jiangning District Water Authority,Nanjing 211112,China
  • 3College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
  • 4Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
出版时间: 2026-03-22 doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603017
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河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设是“双碳”目标下水利工程绿色转型的重要内容。针对传统河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略定性描述多、生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)少、过程解析多、多场景指导少的共性问题,以南京市句容河整治工程示范段为例,在LCA评价识别河道整治工程碳排放特征的基础上,利用环境/经济二元模型对绿色低碳建设技术的选择进行了不同目标下的情景分析,形成了相应的绿色低碳建设技术措施的组合策略。结果表明:句容河示范段(长度8.46 km)建设期碳排放强度为2705 t CO2eq/km,其中,原材料生产阶段占比最高达92.49%,其次依次为工程建设阶段5.75%>工程运输1.06%>工程准备0.70%。多情景分析显示:采用低碳新能源运输、粉煤灰及再生混凝土等措施,可实现减碳4486 t CO2eq,产生108.14万元的最优经济价值;采用粉煤灰、再生骨料混凝土及碳捕捉水泥(替代率达90.32%)等组合,可减碳7551 t CO2eq,实现经济与环境绩效均衡;实施全部降碳措施可减碳9596 t CO2eq,但需投入113.37万元。经济效益最大化情景与经济生态平衡情景更具工程适用性,可为河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设提供决策依据。

河道整治工程  /  生命周期评价  /  碳排放  /  低碳建设

The green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects is an important part of the green transformation of water conservancy projects under the goals of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". Aiming at the common problems existing in the green and low-carbon construction of traditional river regulation projects, such as excessive qualitative descriptions of strategies, insufficient life cycle assessment (LCA), excessive process analysis, and inadequate multi-scenario guidance, this paper took the demonstration section of the Jurong River Regulation Project in Nanjing as a case study. Based on identifying the carbon emission characteristics of river regulation projects via LCA, an environment-economic dual-objective model was adopted to conduct scenario analysis for the selection of green and low-carbon construction technologies under different objectives, and corresponding combined strategies of green and low-carbon technical measures were proposed. The results showed that the carbon emission intensity during the construction period of the Jurong River demonstration section(length 8.46 km) was 2705 t CO2eq/km, among which the raw material production stage accounted for 92.49%, followed by the engineering construction stage (5.75%), engineering transportation (1.06%), and engineering preparation (0.70%). Multi-scenario analysis indicated that the application of measures including low-carbon new energy transportation, fly ash, and recycled concrete could reduce carbon emissions by 4486 t CO2eq and achieve an optimal economic benefit of RMB 1.0814 million. The combination of fly ash, recycled aggregate concrete, and carbon capture and reduction cement (with a replacement rate of 90.32%) could reduce emissions by 7551 t CO2eq, realizing a balance between economic and environmental performance. Implementing all carbon reduction measures could achieve a carbon reduction of 9596 t CO2eq but would require an investment of RMB 1.1337 million. The scenarios of maximum economic benefit and economic-ecological balance present better engineering applicability and can provide a decision-making basis for the green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects.

river regulation project  /  life cycle assessment  /  carbon emissions  /  low-carbon construction
吴达, 邵光成, 章凯, 章二子, 冯骞, 罗景阳. 基于LCA碳排放核算与多情景分析的河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略研究:以南京句容河为例. 环境工程, 2026 , 44 (3) : 189 -196 . DOI: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603017
Da WU, Guangcheng SHAO, Kai ZHANG, Erzi ZHANG, Qian FENG, Jingyang LUO. Green and low-carbon construction strategies for river regulation projects based on LCA carbon emission accounting and multi-scenario analysis: a case study of Jurong River in Nanjing[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2026 , 44 (3) : 189 -196 . DOI: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603017
河道整治工程是水利工程中最常见且重要类型之一1,是为保障河道行洪排涝安全、改善水生态环境、提升滨水空间品质、恢复河道自然功能而在河道及滨水区域开展的系统性治理、修复、改造与管护工程。河道整治工程因建设规模大、能源/材料消耗多,碳排放十分可观。研究数据显示24,建设1 km钢筋混凝土桩板护岸工程即可产生碳排放447.2 t CO2eq,大约相当于生产44.85万kW·h电消耗的碳排放。因此,在“双碳目标”国家战略的驱动下,推动河道整治工程向绿色、低碳模式转型,已成为水利行业落实“双碳”目标,实现水利高质量发展的关键路径之一。
近年来,围绕河道整治工程的绿色低碳转型,国内多个地区在碳排放环节分析的基础上57,逐步认识到建设期是河道整治工程碳排放的主要时期810,形成了以低碳材料替代11、新型生态护坡开发12、清洁能源使用13等为代表的环境友好型技术与可持续管理策略,也取得了一定成效14。但综观河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设研究,仍呈现出“定性描述多、LCA评价少、过程解析多、多场景指导少”的鲜明特征,具体表现为:碳排放核算和分析已被普遍关注15,但基于LCA分析的碳排放特征研究仍然十分有限16;生态护坡、节能机械等低碳理念已被广泛接纳,但对其环境效益的评估多以定性描述和宏观策略为主;大量研究集中于对施工工艺、技术流程的详细解析17,而对不同技术组合在全生命周期内的综合减碳潜力与成本效益缺乏多情景、多目标的对比分析与优化研究,导致从量化评估到优选决策的链条断裂,难以支撑工程层面精准、经济的低碳建设决策。
鉴于此,本文围绕河道治理工程绿色低碳建设的共性需求,以南京市江宁区句容河整治工程为例,采用LCA评价法,从工程建设阶段材料生产、运输和施工建造的全过程出发,识别河道整治工程碳排放特征,在此基础上根据低碳建设技术降碳绩效、经济成本,结合碳市场价格,建立环境/经济二元模型,获得经济效益、经济-环境平衡、生态效益最大化等不同目标下的绿色低碳建设技术组合模式,形成多场景下河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略,为河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设提供决策参考。
南京市江宁区句容河综合整治工程是近年来南京市的重点水务项目。主要采用“生态修复+工程治理”模式,通过堤坝断面加固、堤防防渗、生态护坡、景观绿化、涵闸等工程建设,对句容河下游汤水河口至西北村段约20.5 km 的河道进行综合治理。
考虑到湖熟镇地处经济最发达的长三角地区,句容河湖熟镇区段河道整治工程在我国广大城镇化地区河流综合治理中具有高度代表性。因此,本研究选择了湖熟镇区246省道桥到西北村8.46 km的工程段,开展碳排放核算和低碳建设策略研究,以期为全国城镇化区域河道综合整治工程的绿色低碳建设提供参考样本。
本研究通过明确句容河示范段的时间和空间边界,采用LCA评价方法分析河道整治工程的碳排放环节与排放清单,进而利用IPCC排放系数法核算各个阶段产生的碳排放量,识别河道整治项目建设阶段碳排放特征。生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)是一种用于定量评估产品、过程或活动等研究对象从原材料获取、生产、使用到最终处置整个生命周期对环境影响的方法18。本研究根据国际标准化组织提供的技术框架(ISO14040) 19,将河道整治工程建设的生命周期分为工程准备、原材料生产、运输和施工建设4个阶段20,并结合河道整治工程中工程永久占地及施工期临时占地,以及河道疏浚、护岸结构、生态护坡、道路及配套设施等全部工程建设内容要求,以工程用地红线范围为参考,明确核算的时空间边界(图1)。在此基础上,充分考虑各类低碳建设技术的降碳绩效和经济成本,建立环境/经济二元模型,结合碳市场机制和价格,分别在经济效益最大化、降碳效益最大化、经济降碳平衡等三种情景下对模型求解,获得河道整治工程绿色低碳建设技术组合方式,形成多情景下的绿色低碳建设策略。
在确定核算边界的基础上,采用IPCC排放因子法对各个阶段产生的碳排放进行测算、汇总和特征分析,测算中使用的排放因子如表1所示。其中,核算中涉及的基础数据一方面通过研究团队走访设计院、施工单位,实地勘察、调研施工工地情况,记录河道整治工程建设阶段各工序的施工建造、材料生产和材料运输过程的数据获得;另一方面,利用设计院给出的施工图纸数据进行统计获得。两种方法综合比对后最终确定,以保证数据完整、真实、可靠21
围绕河道整治工程中低碳建设技术的应用场景,本文在调查分析工程中不同低碳建设技术的额外投资成本与减碳量关系的基础上,将低碳建设技术的单位减碳成本(UEC)按从小到大排序(即UEC1<UEC2<……<UEC n ),并建立绿色低碳建设技术的环境经济二元模型,见式(1)。
Ci=C0+j=1iUECj·(Ej-1-Ej)
式中:C0为无减碳技术下的总成本,万元;E0为无减碳技术下的碳排放量,t CO2eq;Ci 为采用前i项减碳技术后的总成本,万元;Ei 为采用前i项减碳技术后的碳排放量,t CO2eq;UEC j 为第j项减碳技术的单位减碳成本,万元/t CO2eq。
基于该模型,进一步定义额外投资成本、减碳量和碳市场价格3项核心评价指标,根据工程条件与低碳建设目标,结合河道整治工程绿色低碳建设的实际需求、技术可行性及“双碳”目标下的多元价值诉求,兼顾研究的科学性与工程适用性,设定3种差异化建设情景对技术组合方案进行优化求解:经济效益最大化情景、经济与环境价值平衡情景、减碳最大化情景。经济效益最大化情景依据工程财政资金预算约束及低成本低碳技术可行性设置,为经济效益基准情景提供决策参考;经济与环境价值平衡情景基于“双碳”目标与工程效益协同要求,实现减碳与成本双向均衡;减碳最大化情景结合“双碳”战略刚性约束,实现减碳最大化;同时,将工程实际建设碳排放与成本作为基准情景,完善情景体系构建,并为不同需求的工程决策提供支撑。
额外投资成本计算见式(2)。
ΔCi=Ci-C0
减碳量计算见式(3)。
ΔEi=E0-Ei
碳市场价格计算见式(4)。
EBi=k·ΔEi
式中:EBi为减碳量换算的碳市场的价值,k为碳价,本研究取值为0.0104 万元/t CO2eq,数据来源于工程项目建设周期内(2024年)全国碳排放配额(CEA)碳排放权交易价格26
3种差异化情景分别为:
1)经济效益最大化情景:以额外投资成本最低为目标,实现“无成本减碳”的经济效益最大化情景,即选择所有满足∆Ci ≤0的技术组合。
2)经济与环境价值平衡情景:以额外投资成本等于减碳获得碳市场收益为目标,实现成本投入与降碳价值相符的平衡情景,即选择EB i =∆Ci 的技术组合。
3)减碳最大化情景:以碳排放最小化为目标,实现极限减碳效果的减碳最大化情景,即选择可实现最大∆Ei 的技术组合。
句容河整治工程示范段建设期的碳排放总量和排放特征如图2所示。由图2a可知:句容河整治工程示范段碳排放总量为22888 t CO2eq,其单位长度碳排放量为2705 t CO2eq/km。其中,原材料生产阶段碳排放量最大,单位长度碳排放量达到2502 t CO2eq/km,占建设期排放总量的92.49%,其次为工程建设阶段,单位长度碳排放量为155 t CO2eq/km,碳排放占比为5.75%。工程运输阶段和工程准备阶段碳排放量占比较小,单位长度碳排放量分别为28.81,18.86 t CO2eq/km,占比仅为1.06%与0.70%。原材料生产是工程建设中碳排放量最大、占比最高的阶段,这与杨子杰等27、潘美萍28、Zhang等29的研究结果吻合。但与杨子杰等27的研究相比,本研究中河道整治工程建设期单位长度排放量整体更大,这是由于句容河整治工程不仅包括了河道护坡,还囊括了堤坝断面加固、堤防防渗、道路、涵闸等其他内容,消耗了更多混凝土等高碳排放材料。
进一步分析句容河整治工程建设中使用的主要建筑材料(20种)的碳排放,结果如图3所示。可知:生石灰、钢筋、水泥、混凝土等高碳排材料的生产,贡献了原材料生产阶段90%的碳排放。其中,仅混凝土材料生产,就贡献了原材料生产阶段59.34%的碳排放量。其余材料尽管使用量约占建材总量的60%,但碳排放在工程原材料生产中的贡献仅为6.19%。
工程施工建设阶段消耗的燃油、电力和人工贡献了建设期5.75%的碳排放,这也进一步证明优化施工作业方案、减少机械台班、提高施工机械的效率、使用清洁能源对建设期减碳的重要作用。
目前,在河道整治工程中常用的绿色低碳建设措施主要包括原材料生产减碳、再生材料应用减碳、新能源使用减碳等。对上述措施的成效研究与市场价格调查,对各项措施的降碳效率与技术成本参数进行设置。现场布置的光伏设施发电减碳量计算采用美国国家可再生能源实验室(National Renewable Energy Laboratory,NREL)开发的PVWatts®Calculator 软件模拟估算。各项措施的减碳绩效及投资成本如表2所示。
基于本文构建的环境经济二元模型与多情景优化方法,对经济效益最大化、经济与价值平衡、减碳最大化3种情景进行定量评估与比较,获得相应情景下的绿色低碳建设策略(图4a),详述如下。
1)经济效益最大化情景。
在此情景下,优先采用单位减碳成本低、甚至具有负成本的技术措施。使用新能源运输、粉煤灰和再生混凝土等措施,不仅实现减碳4486 t CO2eq,同时降低材料成本61.49万元,并创造46.65万元的碳市场价值。该情景表明,部分低碳技术在当前碳价条件下已具备经济竞争力,可在不增加额外投资的前提下实现减碳。
2)经济与价值平衡情景。
该情景追求减碳投入与碳市场收益动态平衡,即额外投资成本等于碳市场价值。通过模型求解,平衡点对应的技术组合包括:全面采用电动运输车辆、粉煤灰替代石灰石、再生骨料混凝土、捕碳水泥、光伏发电系统及碳捕捉工艺钢材。该方案可实现减碳7551 t CO2eq,需额外投入78.53万元,同时产生78.53万元的碳市场价值。该情景兼顾了减碳效果与项目经济性,适用于对成本控制与低碳绩效均有要求的项目。
3)减碳最大化情景。
此情景以减碳量最大化为目标,采用全部可行低碳技术。与传统建设模式(碳排放22888 t CO2eq,单位长度排放强度2705 t CO2eq/km)相比,该情景下总排放量降至13292 t CO2eq,单位长度排放强度为1571 t CO2eq/km,累计实现减碳9596 t CO2eq。从减碳贡献来看,原材料生产阶段减碳效果最为显著,占总减碳量的绝大部分;运输与施工阶段也具有一定贡献。然而,该情景需额外投入213.17万元,产生碳市场价值仅为99.80万元。与平衡情景相比,需多投入134.64万元(增加171.45%),而减碳量仅增加2045 t CO2eq(增长27.08%)。结果表明:在追求极限减碳的情景下,投资的边际减碳成本急剧上升,经济性显著降低。
综合对比3种情景(图4b),经济效益最大化情景与经济与价值平衡情景具有较好的技术经济可行性,适用于多数河道整治工程;而减碳最大化情景因边际成本过高,仅推荐用于碳排放约束极严格或具有专项低碳资金支持的项目。
融合生命周期评价(LCA)与环境经济分析方法,构建了适用于河道整治工程的绿色低碳建设决策模型,从不同情景需求出发,形成了河道整治工程绿色低碳建设策略。
1)基于LCA评价,将河道整治工程建设期划分为工程准备、原材料生产、运输、施工建设阶段4个阶段进行碳排放特征分析。结果表明:原材料生产阶段是建设期碳排放最多的环节,占比高达92.49%。在该阶段,混凝土生产贡献了59.34%的碳排放,是首要的控制环节;水泥、钢筋与生石灰等关键材料的排放也十分显著。减碳策略应重点关注建材生产环节的绿色化转型。
2)通过构建环境/经济二元模型,提出了以成本-效益为核心的多情景决策方法,并得出以下优化路径:
a.优先推广“负成本”减碳技术组合。采用再生骨料混凝土、粉煤灰掺合料及新能源运输等措施不仅可实现减碳(如案例中减碳4486 t CO2eq),还能降低材料成本(节省61.49万元),具备“减碳即盈利”的特点。
b.合理选择经济与生态平衡点技术包。通过模型可获得使碳市场价值覆盖额外投资的技术组合(如新能源运输、再生骨料混凝土、捕碳水泥等),实现减碳7551 t CO₂ eq,实现了环境效益与经济性的均衡。
c.审慎评估高强度减碳措施的适用性。对于碳捕捉水泥、光伏系统等高成本技术,需结合项目预算、碳约束强度进行专项评估,避免因追求极致减碳而显著牺牲经济合理性。
3)建议在河道整治工程项目中建立基于情景的定量决策流程,依据具体减碳目标与成本约束,进行技术比选与动态优化。综合而言,大多数河道整治工程宜优先采用经济效益最大化情景或经济与价值平衡情景,以实现成本可控下的有效减碳;而减碳最大化情景仅适用于碳约束极端严格且有专项资金支持的特定项目。未来可进一步纳入动态碳价机制、技术进步参数及政策激励等因素,增强模型的前瞻性与适应性,推动绿色低碳建设从理论评价向标准化、精细化决策实践发展。

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2026年第44卷第3期
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doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202603017
  • 接收时间:2026-02-05
  • 首发时间:2026-06-25
  • 出版时间:2026-03-22
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  • 收稿日期:2026-02-05
  • 修回日期:2026-02-16
  • 录用日期:2026-02-25
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    1河海大学 农业工程学院,南京 210098
    2南京市江宁区水务局,南京 211112
    3河海大学 环境学院,南京 210098
    4河海大学 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京 210098

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冯骞(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为绿色低碳水系统。
罗景阳(1989—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为污水及废弃物资源化。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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