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The CRISPR-Cas system consists of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, which has become the focus of molecular diagnosis because it recognizes and cleaves specific DNA or RNA sequences. Using Cas proteins (Cas12, Cas13, Cas14, Cas3, etc.) combined with signal amplification and transformation techniques (fluorescence, potentiometric, colorimetric, lateral flow assay, etc.), researchers have developed many diagnostic platforms with high sensitivity, good specificity, and low cost, which provide a new tool for detecting pathogen nucleic acids. This review presents the biological mechanism and classification of the CRISPR-Cas system, and also summarizes existing technologies for detecting pathogenic nucleic acids based on the trans-cleavage activity of Cas proteins, commenting their properties, functions and application scenarios, with future applications prospected based on the functional characteristics of the CRISPR-Cas system, which is expected to become an ideal detection platform for other multiple targets. ![]()
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CRISPR-Cas系统作为原核生物获得性免疫系统,由簇状规则间隔短回文重复序列(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR)和CRISPR相关蛋白(CRISPR-associated proteins, Cas)构成,因其识别和切割特定DNA或RNA序列,而成为分子诊断领域研究的热点。研究人员利用Cas蛋白(Cas12、Cas13、Cas14、Cas3等)结合信号放大和转化技术(荧光法、电位法、比色法、侧向流动技术等),开发了许多高灵敏度、高特异性、低成本的诊断平台,为病原核酸检测提供了新途径。本文介绍了CRISPR-Cas系统的生物学机制及分类,总结现有的基于Cas蛋白反式切割活性开发的病原核酸检测技术,描述其特点、功能和应用场景,并对该系统的未来应用前景进行展望,期望CRISPR-Cas系统成为包括核酸检测在内的多靶标的理想检测平台。
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, authorsList=杜瑶, 高宏丹, 刘家坤, 刘孝荣, 邢志浩, 张涛, 马东礼)}, authors=[Author(id=1170675239307485722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=dy852578@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1170675239454286365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675239307485722, language=EN, stringName=Yao DU, firstName=Yao, middleName=null, lastName=DU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 School of Laboratory Medicine,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China
2 Pediatric Research Institute,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518034,Guangdong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675239525589534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675239307485722, language=CN, stringName=杜瑶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 蚌埠医学院检验医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030
2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034, bio={"img":"i9NEggL5b9gF3dxOJQXydQ==","content":"
杜瑶(1999—),女,硕士研究生。研究方向为病原生物学及分子生物学。 E-mail:dy852578@163.com
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杜瑶(1999—),女,硕士研究生。研究方向为病原生物学及分子生物学。 E-mail:dy852578@163.com
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1 蚌埠医学院检验医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030)]), AuthorCompany(id=1170675238967747085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238976135694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238967747085, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1 School of Laboratory Medicine,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China
2 Pediatric Research Institute,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518034,Guangdong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675239890493988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675239655612960, language=CN, stringName=高宏丹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 蚌埠医学院检验医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030
2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1170675238883861002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238892249611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238883861002, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 School of Laboratory Medicine,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238900638220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238883861002, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 蚌埠医学院检验医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030)]), AuthorCompany(id=1170675238967747085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238976135694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238967747085, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 Pediatric Research Institute,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518034,Guangdong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238997107215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238967747085, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034)])]), Author(id=1170675239986962982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240058266153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675239986962982, language=EN, stringName=Jiakun LIU, firstName=Jiakun, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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3 Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China
4 Shenzhen Hapmic Biotechnology Company limited,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240112792106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675239986962982, language=CN, stringName=刘家坤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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3 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究所深圳合成生物研究所,广东 深圳 518055
4 深圳市海微生物科技有限公司,广东 深圳 518057, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1170675239072604688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675239080993297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675239072604688, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675239089381906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675239072604688, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究所深圳合成生物研究所,广东 深圳 518055)]), AuthorCompany(id=1170675239148102163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675239156490772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675239148102163, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4 Shenzhen Hapmic Biotechnology Company limited,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675239160685077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675239148102163, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4 深圳市海微生物科技有限公司,广东 深圳 518057)])]), Author(id=1170675240192483884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240305730094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240192483884, language=EN, stringName=Xiaorong LIU, firstName=Xiaorong, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 Pediatric Research Institute,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518034,Guangdong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240360256047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240192483884, language=CN, stringName=刘孝荣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1170675238967747085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238976135694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238967747085, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034)])]), Author(id=1170675240427364913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240507056691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240427364913, language=EN, stringName=Zhihao XING, firstName=Zhihao, middleName=null, lastName=XING, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 Pediatric Research Institute,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518034,Guangdong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240578359860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240427364913, language=CN, stringName=邢志浩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1170675238967747085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675238976135694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675238967747085, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2 深圳市儿童医院儿科研究所,广东 深圳 518034)])]), Author(id=1170675240641274422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240716771896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240641274422, language=EN, stringName=Tao ZHANG, firstName=Tao, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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5 Department of Pathogenic Biology,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1170675240800657977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, authorId=1170675240641274422, language=CN, stringName=张涛, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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5 Department of Pathogenic Biology,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1170675239244571160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, companyId=1170675239231988246, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
5 蚌埠医学院病原生物学教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1170675242117669449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Schematics of the CRISPR-Cas12a-based CRISPR-diagnostic method DETECTR (Some drawing elements are from Figdraw)
, figureFileSmall=b51bNRf3MBUYYzNRazPRiA==, figureFileBig=ZYcSBr6Tb4QlJfCUqivoiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242180584010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
基于CRISPR-Cas12a的DETECTR检测方法原理图 (部分绘图素材来自Figdraw)
, figureFileSmall=b51bNRf3MBUYYzNRazPRiA==, figureFileBig=ZYcSBr6Tb4QlJfCUqivoiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242256081483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Schematics of the CRISPR-Cas12a-based diagnostic method E-CRISPR (The picture was created in BioRender)
, figureFileSmall=8KHET8APEuTnyIgN9RM7eQ==, figureFileBig=xo0CxqAcjOOf2ha5W9WNuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242331578956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
基于CRISPR-Cas12a的E-CRISPR检测方法原理图 (图片绘制来自BioRender)
, figureFileSmall=8KHET8APEuTnyIgN9RM7eQ==, figureFileBig=xo0CxqAcjOOf2ha5W9WNuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242398687821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Schematics of the CRISPR-Cas13-based diagnostic method SHERLOCK (Some drawing elements are from Figdraw)
, figureFileSmall=IOHUf5pc0jp5zEjmW/Mm5A==, figureFileBig=9ARqQ/njVq2Q/PiXSPf6Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242457408078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
基于CRISPR-Cas13a的SHERLOCK检测方法原理图 (部分绘图素材来自Figdraw)
, figureFileSmall=IOHUf5pc0jp5zEjmW/Mm5A==, figureFileBig=9ARqQ/njVq2Q/PiXSPf6Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242511934031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Schematics of the CRISPR-Cas13 diagnostic platform SHERLOCKv2, figureFileSmall=2OIbeYl/hRVdWPOXhS/YMA==, figureFileBig=QCFvrvV5LznGJMJHNRAtKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242579042896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
基于CRISPR-Cas13的SHERLOCKv2检测平台, figureFileSmall=2OIbeYl/hRVdWPOXhS/YMA==, figureFileBig=QCFvrvV5LznGJMJHNRAtKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242641957457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Schematics of the CARMEN-Cas13 detection method (The picture was created in BioRender)
, figureFileSmall=vMC/q7Tjpd4fIe4LySwPxA==, figureFileBig=LcvXrPWZApBumAEoME8dHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242717454930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
CARMEN-Cas13检测方法原理图 (图片绘制来自BioRender)
, figureFileSmall=vMC/q7Tjpd4fIe4LySwPxA==, figureFileBig=LcvXrPWZApBumAEoME8dHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1170675242788758099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Technologies for detecting pathogens based on the CRISPR-Cas system
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| CRISPR类型 | 技术名称 | 效应蛋白 | 目标分子 | 扩增方式 | 检测线 | 病原体 | 检测技术 |
| Type Ⅰ-E | CONAN[24] | Cas3 | DNA | RT-LAMP | 1 copy | SARS-CoV-2 IAV | 侧向流动分析 |
| Type Ⅴ | DETECTR[52] | Cas12a | DNA | RPA | amol/L | HPV16/18 SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| OR-DETECTR[53] | Cas12a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1~2,5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 H1N1 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| HOLMES[54] | Cas12a | DNA RNA | PCR | amol/L | 日本脑炎病毒 伪狂犬病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| HOLMESv2[55] | Cas12b | DNA RNA | LAMP | amol/L | 日本脑炎病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| CDetection[56] | AaCas12b | DNA | RPA | nmol/L | HPV16/18 | 荧光信号 |
| E-CRISPR[57] | Cas12a | DNA | — | pmol/L | HPV1、B19 | 电化学 |
| MoECS[58] | Cas12 | DNA | — | fmol/L | SARS-CoV-2 Delta 变异株 | 电化学 |
| CRISPR-ENHANCE[59] | LbCas12a | RNA | RT-LAMP | | SARS-CoV-2、HIV、HCV | 侧向流动分析 |
| AIOD-CRISPR[60] | LbaCas12a | RNA | RPA | 11 copies | SARS-CoV-2 HIV-1 | 荧光信号、 视觉法 |
| SCAN[61] | Cas12a | DNA RNA | RT-PCR | 13.5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 HIV-1 | 纳米孔传感器 |
| TB-QUICK[62] | Cas12b | DNA | LAMP | 1.3 copies/μL | 结核分枝杆菌 | 荧光信号 |
| STOPCovid[63] | Cas12 | DNA RNA | LAMP | 100 copies | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| STOPCovid.v2[64] | Cas12 | DNA RNA | LAMP | 2000 copies/mL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| sPAMC[65] | LbCas12a | DNA RNA | RPA | 1 copy/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| Cas14-DETECTR[66] | Cas14a | DNA | RPA | fmol/L | HBoV-1 | 荧光信号 |
| ACasB[67] | Cas14a1 | DNA | — | 400 CFU/mL | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 荧光信号 |
| Type Ⅵ | SHERLOCK[68] | Cas13a | DNA RNA | RPA | amol/L | 病毒、细菌 | 荧光信号 |
| HUDSON[63] | Cas13a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1copy/μL | 寨卡病毒、登革病毒 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| OR-SHERLOCK[53] | Cas13a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1~2 copies/μL, 5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 H1N1 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| SHINE[69] | Cas13 | RNA | RT-RPA | 10 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 智能手机(管内荧光读数或侧向流动分析) |
| FIND-IT[70] | Lbu Cas13a | RNA | — | 31 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 (集成检测器) |
| CARMEN[71] | LwCas13a | DNA RNA | PCR或RPA | amol/L | 169种人类感染病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| mCARMEN[72] | LwCas13a | DNA RNA | PCR或RPA | 102 copies/μL | 21种人类呼吸道病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| Type Ⅴ Type Ⅵ Type Ⅲ | SHERLOCKv2[73] | Cas13 Cas12a Csm6 | DNA RNA | RPA | zmol/L | 病毒、细菌 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
), ArticleFig(id=1170675242860061268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031712061968385, articleId=1148993609736712763, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
基于CRISPR-Cas系统开发的部分诊断技术
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| CRISPR类型 | 技术名称 | 效应蛋白 | 目标分子 | 扩增方式 | 检测线 | 病原体 | 检测技术 |
| Type Ⅰ-E | CONAN[24] | Cas3 | DNA | RT-LAMP | 1 copy | SARS-CoV-2 IAV | 侧向流动分析 |
| Type Ⅴ | DETECTR[52] | Cas12a | DNA | RPA | amol/L | HPV16/18 SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| OR-DETECTR[53] | Cas12a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1~2,5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 H1N1 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| HOLMES[54] | Cas12a | DNA RNA | PCR | amol/L | 日本脑炎病毒 伪狂犬病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| HOLMESv2[55] | Cas12b | DNA RNA | LAMP | amol/L | 日本脑炎病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| CDetection[56] | AaCas12b | DNA | RPA | nmol/L | HPV16/18 | 荧光信号 |
| E-CRISPR[57] | Cas12a | DNA | — | pmol/L | HPV1、B19 | 电化学 |
| MoECS[58] | Cas12 | DNA | — | fmol/L | SARS-CoV-2 Delta 变异株 | 电化学 |
| CRISPR-ENHANCE[59] | LbCas12a | RNA | RT-LAMP | | SARS-CoV-2、HIV、HCV | 侧向流动分析 |
| AIOD-CRISPR[60] | LbaCas12a | RNA | RPA | 11 copies | SARS-CoV-2 HIV-1 | 荧光信号、 视觉法 |
| SCAN[61] | Cas12a | DNA RNA | RT-PCR | 13.5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 HIV-1 | 纳米孔传感器 |
| TB-QUICK[62] | Cas12b | DNA | LAMP | 1.3 copies/μL | 结核分枝杆菌 | 荧光信号 |
| STOPCovid[63] | Cas12 | DNA RNA | LAMP | 100 copies | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| STOPCovid.v2[64] | Cas12 | DNA RNA | LAMP | 2000 copies/mL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 |
| sPAMC[65] | LbCas12a | DNA RNA | RPA | 1 copy/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| Cas14-DETECTR[66] | Cas14a | DNA | RPA | fmol/L | HBoV-1 | 荧光信号 |
| ACasB[67] | Cas14a1 | DNA | — | 400 CFU/mL | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 荧光信号 |
| Type Ⅵ | SHERLOCK[68] | Cas13a | DNA RNA | RPA | amol/L | 病毒、细菌 | 荧光信号 |
| HUDSON[63] | Cas13a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1copy/μL | 寨卡病毒、登革病毒 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| OR-SHERLOCK[53] | Cas13a | RNA | RT-RPA | 1~2 copies/μL, 5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 H1N1 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
| SHINE[69] | Cas13 | RNA | RT-RPA | 10 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 智能手机(管内荧光读数或侧向流动分析) |
| FIND-IT[70] | Lbu Cas13a | RNA | — | 31 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2 | 荧光信号 (集成检测器) |
| CARMEN[71] | LwCas13a | DNA RNA | PCR或RPA | amol/L | 169种人类感染病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| mCARMEN[72] | LwCas13a | DNA RNA | PCR或RPA | 102 copies/μL | 21种人类呼吸道病毒 | 荧光信号 |
| Type Ⅴ Type Ⅵ Type Ⅲ | SHERLOCKv2[73] | Cas13 Cas12a Csm6 | DNA RNA | RPA | zmol/L | 病毒、细菌 | 荧光信号、 侧向流动分析 |
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