Article(id=1315743821665776125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, issueId=1315743733992243595, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3788/gzxb20265501.0112002, pmid=null, cstr=32255.14.gzxb20265501.0112002, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750089600000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1756396800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-29, onlineDate=1791627372422, onlineDateStr=2026-10-10, pubDate=1769270400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791627372422, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791627372422, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791627372422, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1315743733992243595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, year='2026', volume='55', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='316', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769270400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791627351520, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791627555456, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315744589420540350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, issueId=1315743733992243595, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315744589420540351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, issueId=1315743733992243595, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=105, endPage=118, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315743823184114174, articleId=1315743821665776125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, language=EN, title=Three-frame Random Phase-shift Demodulation Algorithm Based on Ellipse Fitting Correction, columnId=1315741666489774715, journalTitle=Acta Photonica Sinica, columnName=Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The objective of this study is to develop a high-precision optical interferometric phase demodulation method that does not require preset phase shifts and can accurately recover phase information from only three interferograms. The proposed method is designed to overcome the inherent limitations of conventional random phase-shifting algorithms, which typically suffer from large errors, instability, and restricted accuracy improvements, particularly when the number of interference fringes is limited. At the same time, the method ensures robustness under varying fringe types, Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNR), and fringe numbers. In this work, a novel three-frame random phase-shifting phase demodulation algorithm is proposed, referred to as the VU&LEF method, which integrates the VU algorithm with ellipse-fitting correction. First, the VU algorithm is applied to three randomly phase-shifted interferograms to extract two orthogonal components of the interferometric signal. In practice, due to noise interference and the limited number of frames, these components are not perfectly orthogonal, and their distribution often forms an ellipse rather than an ideal circle. To correct this deviation, ellipse-fitting is introduced to estimate the ellipse coefficients. A subsequent normalization procedure maps the ellipse into a circle, thereby restoring strict orthogonality between the two components and significantly reducing systematic errors in the subsequent phase calculation. This optimization enables high-precision phase recovery even with only three interferograms, effectively overcoming the main drawbacks of the conventional VU method. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, extensive numerical simulations and experimental validations were conducted under diverse conditions. The results demonstrate that the VU&LEF method consistently outperforms the conventional VU algorithm, achieving significantly improved phase accuracy. Even under low-SNR conditions, the proposed method maintains stable phase recovery, whereas the traditional approach exhibits severe degradation. To further assess computational efficiency, the processing time of the VU&LEF method was compared with that of the conventional VU method and the AIA algorithm. Although the ellipse-fitting step introduces a slight additional computational cost, the proposed method remains more efficient than the AIA algorithm while simultaneously offering superior phase accuracy. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed method was verified using representative open, closed, and complex fringe patterns with significant background fluctuations. The results clearly indicate that the method effectively corrected elliptical distributions into ideal circular forms, thereby reducing measurement errors. In contrast, the conventional VU method exhibited large phase errors and severe distortions in regions with strong background interference, whereas the VU&LEF method substantially mitigated these errors through ellipse correction. Additional tests under varying frame numbers confirmed that the proposed method yields stable and reliable phase recovery with significantly reduced error fluctuations. These findings further indicate that phase correction is indispensable when performing demodulation with only three interferograms, highlighting the wide applicability of the method in practical interferometric measurements. From an application perspective, requiring only three interferograms greatly reduces data acquisition time compared with conventional multi-frame methods. The additional computational cost introduced by ellipse-fitting correction is negligible compared with the measurement time saved. This combination of high efficiency and accuracy makes the method particularly suitable for real-time and high-speed measurement scenarios, such as dynamic surface profiling, deformation monitoring, in-situ industrial inspection, and other precision optical metrology tasks. In conclusion, the proposed three-frame random phase-shifting phase demodulation method with ellipse-fitting correction does not require the phase shifts of interferograms to be predefined or equally spaced, and thus constitutes a true random phase-shifting technique. It inherits the advantage of the VU method in not requiring prior calibration of phase steps, while enabling high-precision phase recovery from minimal data. Moreover, it demonstrates strong robustness against noise, fringe variability, and complex background interference. Both simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method outperforms conventional approaches in terms of accuracy, stability, and computational efficiency.
, authors=Chun GUO
1, Hubing DU
1, Ziwen LI
1, Qian ZHU
1, Yexi YANG
1, Zhouxuan HE
1, Gaopeng ZHANG
2, authorsList=Chun GUO, Hubing DU, Ziwen LI, Qian ZHU, Yexi YANG, Zhouxuan HE, Gaopeng ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hubing DU, Gaopeng ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315743827906900508, articleId=1315743821665776125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, language=CN, title=基于椭圆拟合校正的三帧随机相移解调算法, columnId=1315741516602131284, journalTitle=光子学报, columnName=※封面论文※, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
针对随机相移算法在较少帧条纹图应用中存在误差大、求解不稳定及精度提升受限等问题,提出了一种结合相移分解法和椭圆拟合校正的三帧随机相移条纹图相位解调算法。该方法首先使用相移分解法根据采集的三帧随机相移条纹图得到两个正交分量,然后利用椭圆拟合技术求取两个正交分量空间分布椭圆的系数,进而通过理想圆校正实现了精确的相位解调。结果表明,该方法相比相移分解法精度更高,仿真下精度提高了约10倍,且在不同的条纹类型、信噪比水平、条纹数目等条件下均表现出了优越的解调性能。该方法应用简单、数据采集快、精度高,为三帧随机相移解调技术的应用推广提供了一种高效、稳健的解决方案,具有良好的应用前景。
, authors=郭纯
1, 杜虎兵
1, 李梓闻
1, 朱倩
1, 杨叶茜
1, 何周旋
1, 张高鹏
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Simulated interferograms of closed-fringe patterns. (a) The first interferogram; (b) The second interferogram; (c) The third interferogram, figureFileSmall=Ubg92YkED9K3+j/PIkdUBg==, figureFileBig=3vMirrT6C9V4w5q2UnLOgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832185090642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
模拟的闭型干涉条纹图。(a)第一个干涉图;(b)第二个干涉图;(c)第三个干涉图, figureFileSmall=Ubg92YkED9K3+j/PIkdUBg==, figureFileBig=3vMirrT6C9V4w5q2UnLOgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832365445716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
The wrapped phase image. (a)The reference phase; (b)Proposed method; (c)VU method, figureFileSmall=/VPN2ZnBeKUcjM3GUi6Pow==, figureFileBig=gXGblegZ0ejAxPq8hKgp0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832440943189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
包裹相位图。(a)参考相位;(b)本文方法; (c) VU方法, figureFileSmall=/VPN2ZnBeKUcjM3GUi6Pow==, figureFileBig=gXGblegZ0ejAxPq8hKgp0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832642269782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The unwrapped phase image. (a)The reference phase; (b)Proposed method; (c)VU method, figureFileSmall=p1vzxPC03oykmH8KDvUVCg==, figureFileBig=xcdMyFeoaVNw/i5TJazimg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832721961559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
展开相位图。(a)参考相位;(b)本文方法; (c) VU方法, figureFileSmall=p1vzxPC03oykmH8KDvUVCg==, figureFileBig=xcdMyFeoaVNw/i5TJazimg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832801653336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Ellipse-fitting correction process of closed-fringe patterns. (a)Before correction; (b)After correction, figureFileSmall=zzU0W2AYYezIl3OnRzY+pw==, figureFileBig=yZBGjgohVG8iYTeIrsw77Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832885539417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
闭型条纹的椭圆拟合校正过程。(a)校正前; (b)校正后, figureFileSmall=zzU0W2AYYezIl3OnRzY+pw==, figureFileBig=yZBGjgohVG8iYTeIrsw77Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743832956842586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
The phase error distribution of closed-fringe patterns. (a)Proposed method; (b)VU method, figureFileSmall=CMvTzXKVivNkBDYZgknweA==, figureFileBig=SlIupguOqKNnt2UE3pS3+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833028145755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
闭型条纹的相位误差分布。(a)本文方法; (b)VU方法, figureFileSmall=CMvTzXKVivNkBDYZgknweA==, figureFileBig=SlIupguOqKNnt2UE3pS3+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833107837532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
The phase error distribution under different SNR, figureFileSmall=00ythPJSoFiqiVcKefW9hg==, figureFileBig=/chvEHSCC/6yQk1YakiRgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833191723613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同信噪比下的相位误差分布, figureFileSmall=00ythPJSoFiqiVcKefW9hg==, figureFileBig=/chvEHSCC/6yQk1YakiRgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833271415390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Evolution of errors for two methods. (a)Under different SNR; (b)Different number of fringes; (c)Adding random phase shifts; (d)Changing number of frames, figureFileSmall=t4YFLMlYuWa9ni/HI58vUg==, figureFileBig=g8B2Go8ATC1mgXFx7kyq6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833363690079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
两种方法的演化误差。(a)不同信噪比;(b)不同条纹数目;(c)增加随机相移;(d)改变帧数, figureFileSmall=t4YFLMlYuWa9ni/HI58vUg==, figureFileBig=g8B2Go8ATC1mgXFx7kyq6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833472741984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Simulated interferograms of complex fringe patterns. (a) The first interferogram; (b) The second interferogram; (c) The third interferogram, figureFileSmall=uVsGpTCVt5hsAgKKrHdiBA==, figureFileBig=hz4kBsAoSBzuYdbFLEJgmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833531462241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
模拟的复杂干涉条纹图。(a)第一个干涉图;(b)第二个干涉图;(c)第三个干涉图, figureFileSmall=uVsGpTCVt5hsAgKKrHdiBA==, figureFileBig=hz4kBsAoSBzuYdbFLEJgmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833594376802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Ellipse fitting correction process of complex fringe patterns. (a)Before correction; (b)After correction, figureFileSmall=zbpKecdvJ28025l7pJ7Ikw==, figureFileBig=dUDDh6wphvkhrtin1RWKuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833657291363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
复杂条纹的椭圆拟合校正过程。(a)校正前; (b)校正后, figureFileSmall=zbpKecdvJ28025l7pJ7Ikw==, figureFileBig=dUDDh6wphvkhrtin1RWKuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833728594532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Simulation experiment of complex fringe patterns. (a)The reference phase; (b)The reconstructed phase of the proposed method; (c)The reconstructed phase of the VU method; (d)Reference phase (zoomed-in); (e)Proposed method (zoomed-in); (f)VU method (zoomed-in); (g)Phase error of the proposed method; (h)Phase error of the VU method, figureFileSmall=R7ySzboPaQmA4I2qMYwN3Q==, figureFileBig=/nPOQL0I7qeqcTGfC5j+gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833804092005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
复杂条纹的仿真实验。(a)参考相位;(b)本文方法的重建相位;(c) VU方法的重建相位;(d)参考相位(放大);(e)本文方法(放大);(f)VU方法(放大);(g)本文方法的相位误差;(h) VU方法的相位误差, figureFileSmall=R7ySzboPaQmA4I2qMYwN3Q==, figureFileBig=/nPOQL0I7qeqcTGfC5j+gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833921532518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
The reconstructed results of open fringe patterns. (a)The first interferogram; (b)The second interferogram; (c)The third interferogram; (d)The reference phase; (e)The reconstructed phase of the proposed method; (f)The reconstructed phase of the VU method; (g)Phase error of the proposed method; (h)Phase error of the VU method; (i)Before correction; (j)After correction, figureFileSmall=2oE9HXonriN8ddieNO+3Jg==, figureFileBig=+6HkqZzCo01dMTS5bs1e6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743833992835687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
开型条纹的实验结果。(a)第一个干涉图;(b)第二个干涉图;(c)第三个干涉图;(d)参考相位;(e)本文方法的重建相位;(f) VU方法的重建相位;(g)本文方法的相位误差;(h) VU方法的相位误差;(i)校正前;(j)校正后, figureFileSmall=2oE9HXonriN8ddieNO+3Jg==, figureFileBig=+6HkqZzCo01dMTS5bs1e6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834055750248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
The reconstructed results of closed-fringe patterns . (a)The first interferogram; (b)The second interferogram; (c)The third interferogram; (d)The reference phase; (e)The reconstructed phase of the proposed method; (f)The reconstructed phase of the VU method; (g)Phase error of the proposed method; (h)Phase error of the VU method; (i)Before correction; (j)After correction, figureFileSmall=VZxW7n76R2tqY6PB48WTqw==, figureFileBig=GrldpLiYa0hOrkDYSmRjaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834374517353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
闭型条纹的实验结果。(a)第一个干涉图;(b)第二个干涉图;(c)第三个干涉图;(d)参考相位;(e)本文方法的重建相位;(f) VU方法的重建相位;(g)本文方法的相位误差;(h) VU方法的相位误差;(i)校正前;(j)校正后, figureFileSmall=VZxW7n76R2tqY6PB48WTqw==, figureFileBig=GrldpLiYa0hOrkDYSmRjaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834450014826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
The reconstructed results of complex fringe patterns . (a)The first interferogram; (b)The second interferogram; (c)The third interferogram; (d)The reference phase; (e)The reconstructed phase of the proposed method; (f)The reconstructed phase of the VU method; (g)Phase error of the proposed method; (h)Phase error of the VU method, figureFileSmall=ohkw/QuxSsJMs/ONm89Y6g==, figureFileBig=wNRUKTN7pHc7FLmE0fvysw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834512929387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
复杂条纹的实验结果。(a)第一个干涉图;(b)第二个干涉图;(c)第三个干涉图;(d)参考相位;(e)本文方法的重建相位;(f) VU方法的重建相位;(g)本文方法的相位误差;(h) VU方法的相位误差, figureFileSmall=ohkw/QuxSsJMs/ONm89Y6g==, figureFileBig=wNRUKTN7pHc7FLmE0fvysw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834605204076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=
A multi-frame experimental comparison of the two methods. (a)Open fringe patterns; (b)Closed-fringe patterns; (c)Complex fringe patterns, figureFileSmall=uya1H82ucYlFxaH7zb422g==, figureFileBig=VBxj0fkUPVYo7oUKRgkaOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834668118637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
两种方法的多帧实验。(a)开型条纹图案;(b)闭型条纹图案;(c)复杂条纹图案, figureFileSmall=uya1H82ucYlFxaH7zb422g==, figureFileBig=VBxj0fkUPVYo7oUKRgkaOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1315743834735227502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
The processing time of different methods
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Method | Proposed method | VU method | AIA algorithm |
|---|
| Time/s | 3.632 9 | 0.177 9 | 4.435 3 |
), ArticleFig(id=1315743834798142063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121910733963395, articleId=1315743821665776125, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
不同方法下的处理时间
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Method | Proposed method | VU method | AIA algorithm |
|---|
| Time/s | 3.632 9 | 0.177 9 | 4.435 3 |
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