Article(id=1246028558116701152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, issueId=1246028557319783390, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19636/j.cnki.cjsm42-1250/o3.2023.060, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703433600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1775005958345, onlineDateStr=2026-04-01, pubDate=1719244800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1775005958345, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-01, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1775005958345, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775005958345, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1246028557319783390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, year='2024', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='289', pageEnd='426', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1775005958156, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775006058227, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1246028977123471371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, issueId=1246028557319783390, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1246028977123471372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, issueId=1246028557319783390, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=313, endPage=325, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1246028558368359396, articleId=1246028558116701152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, language=EN, title=Bandgap Coupling Characteristics of a Tunable Metamaterial with Double Magnetic Resonators, columnId=1244229834482757770, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics, columnName=Research Paper, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Elastic wave metamaterials are artificial periodic structures that can control elastic waves. They can be used in aeronautics and astronautics, vehicle engineering, and other fields. This paper proposes a tunable metamaterial with two magnetic resonators. In this structure, a stainless steel plate connects the magnetic resonator to the external frame. Adjusting the distance between the magnets can affect the in-plane stress of the stainless steel plate and thus the internal stiffness. By adjusting the cell structure, a double-cell system with different internal stiffnesses can be formed to achieve a wider coupling band gap. First, the variations of the stiffness of the thin plate and the negative stiffness of the magnetic force with the distance between two magnetic resonators are determined. The dispersion relationship and the transmissibility of the single-cell metamaterial with double magnetic resonators and the double-cell metamaterial formed by adjusting the distance between magnets are obtained using a theoretical model. Then, the effect of the distance between two magnetic resonators on the metamaterial bandgap and double-cell coupled bandgap in a specific case is further studied. Finally, an experimental model is designed and manufactured using 3D printing technology. The transmissibility curves at different distances between two magnetic resonators are measured, and the bandgap coupling results of double-cell metamaterial structures are verified. The theoretical prediction of the bandgap of the metamaterial agrees well with the experimental results. This adjustment method can provide a new idea for the active control of restraining elastic wave transmission.

, correspAuthors=Lifeng Wang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuchen Yang, Lifeng Wang, Xiao Yu, Yuqiang Gao), CN=ArticleExt(id=1246028571186151935, articleId=1246028558116701152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241755870837649424, language=CN, title=双磁性谐振子可调超材料的带隙耦合特性研究, columnId=1241831201896469478, journalTitle=固体力学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

弹性波超材料是一种人工周期结构,可应用于航空航天、车辆工程等领域的减振降噪. 本文设计了一种可以产生耦合带隙具有两个磁性谐振子的超材料. 该超材料采用不锈钢薄板连接磁振子与外部框架,调节磁铁之间距离可以影响不锈钢薄板的面内应力从而影响内部刚度. 通过调节元胞结构,形成相邻两元胞内部刚度不同的双胞系统,从而实现更宽的耦合带隙. 得到了不锈钢薄板提供的刚度和磁力提供的负刚度随磁铁间距的变化关系. 建立了双磁性谐振子可调单胞超材料和由调节磁铁距离构成的双胞超材料的频散关系和传递率理论模型. 计算了磁铁距离改变对超材料带隙结构的影响以及特定情况下的双胞耦合带隙结果. 设计并利用3D打印技术制作了实验模型,测得了不同磁铁距离下的传递率曲线并且验证了双胞超材料结构的带隙耦合结果. 理论预测的传递率与实验结果吻合良好. 所提出的模型可以为超材料的主动调控以及可编程性提供新的思路.

, correspAuthors=王立峰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** E-mail:.
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Stiffness corresponding to different distance between resonators x

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刚度系数(N/mm)x=2 mmx=8 mmx=13 mmx=18 mm
k2183.994.461.944.4
k3183.994.461.944.4
k4-10.03-2.57-1.09-0.47
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不同磁振子间距x对应的刚度系数

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刚度系数(N/mm)x=2 mmx=8 mmx=13 mmx=18 mm
k2183.994.461.944.4
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k4-10.03-2.57-1.09-0.47
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双磁性谐振子可调超材料的带隙耦合特性研究
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杨宇辰 , 王立峰 ** , 俞潇 , 高玉强
固体力学学报 | 研究论文 2024,45(3): 313-325
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固体力学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 45(3): 313-325
双磁性谐振子可调超材料的带隙耦合特性研究
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杨宇辰, 王立峰** , 俞潇, 高玉强
作者信息
  • 南京航空航天大学,航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京,210016

通讯作者:

** E-mail:.
Bandgap Coupling Characteristics of a Tunable Metamaterial with Double Magnetic Resonators
Yuchen Yang, Lifeng Wang** , Xiao Yu, Yuqiang Gao
Affiliations
  • State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016
出版时间: 2024-06-25 doi: 10.19636/j.cnki.cjsm42-1250/o3.2023.060
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弹性波超材料是一种人工周期结构,可应用于航空航天、车辆工程等领域的减振降噪. 本文设计了一种可以产生耦合带隙具有两个磁性谐振子的超材料. 该超材料采用不锈钢薄板连接磁振子与外部框架,调节磁铁之间距离可以影响不锈钢薄板的面内应力从而影响内部刚度. 通过调节元胞结构,形成相邻两元胞内部刚度不同的双胞系统,从而实现更宽的耦合带隙. 得到了不锈钢薄板提供的刚度和磁力提供的负刚度随磁铁间距的变化关系. 建立了双磁性谐振子可调单胞超材料和由调节磁铁距离构成的双胞超材料的频散关系和传递率理论模型. 计算了磁铁距离改变对超材料带隙结构的影响以及特定情况下的双胞耦合带隙结果. 设计并利用3D打印技术制作了实验模型,测得了不同磁铁距离下的传递率曲线并且验证了双胞超材料结构的带隙耦合结果. 理论预测的传递率与实验结果吻合良好. 所提出的模型可以为超材料的主动调控以及可编程性提供新的思路.

超材料  /  可调谐  /  负刚度  /  磁性振子  /  带隙耦合

Elastic wave metamaterials are artificial periodic structures that can control elastic waves. They can be used in aeronautics and astronautics, vehicle engineering, and other fields. This paper proposes a tunable metamaterial with two magnetic resonators. In this structure, a stainless steel plate connects the magnetic resonator to the external frame. Adjusting the distance between the magnets can affect the in-plane stress of the stainless steel plate and thus the internal stiffness. By adjusting the cell structure, a double-cell system with different internal stiffnesses can be formed to achieve a wider coupling band gap. First, the variations of the stiffness of the thin plate and the negative stiffness of the magnetic force with the distance between two magnetic resonators are determined. The dispersion relationship and the transmissibility of the single-cell metamaterial with double magnetic resonators and the double-cell metamaterial formed by adjusting the distance between magnets are obtained using a theoretical model. Then, the effect of the distance between two magnetic resonators on the metamaterial bandgap and double-cell coupled bandgap in a specific case is further studied. Finally, an experimental model is designed and manufactured using 3D printing technology. The transmissibility curves at different distances between two magnetic resonators are measured, and the bandgap coupling results of double-cell metamaterial structures are verified. The theoretical prediction of the bandgap of the metamaterial agrees well with the experimental results. This adjustment method can provide a new idea for the active control of restraining elastic wave transmission.

metamaterial  /  tunable  /  negative stiffness  /  magnetic resonators  /  coupled bandgap
杨宇辰, 王立峰, 俞潇, 高玉强. 双磁性谐振子可调超材料的带隙耦合特性研究. 固体力学学报, 2024 , 45 (3) : 313 -325 . DOI: 10.19636/j.cnki.cjsm42-1250/o3.2023.060
Yuchen Yang, Lifeng Wang, Xiao Yu, Yuqiang Gao. Bandgap Coupling Characteristics of a Tunable Metamaterial with Double Magnetic Resonators[J]. Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics, 2024 , 45 (3) : 313 -325 . DOI: 10.19636/j.cnki.cjsm42-1250/o3.2023.060
超材料作为新型人工材料,具有天然材料所不具备的超常物理性质[1-3]. 随着人们在超材料领域研究的不断深入,可以设计出表现出低频超常吸收[4]、低频带隙[5]、负体模量[6,7]、负质量[8,9]、负折射[10]、拓扑效应[11]和声隐身[12]等特殊物理效应的超材料. 利用这些特性开发和制造新型的声学功能器件,可以操控声波或弹性波的传播,并且此类装置已经应用于航空航天[13]以及车辆工程[14]等领域. 比如,Zhao等[13]设计了一种准零刚度超材料,应用于航天器控制力矩陀螺的隔振实验中,准零刚度结构表现出优异的隔振性能. 吴昆等[15]设计制造了具有低频带隙的轻质周期局域共振型超材料,并用于空间桁架结构的振动抑制. 然而,大多数弹性超材料都采用固定结构,即元胞是由具有固定形状和尺寸的结构所组成,制作完成后不可改变,只能满足特定工况的需求. 具有可调性的超材料可以随外界环境改变自身带隙特性,具有更广阔的应用前景.
超材料结构的带隙调节机制包括多场耦合调节及机械调节. 其中,多场耦合调节方式是在超材料外部添加偏置场改变结构的内部特性,这种方法一般需要在结构内部含有多场耦合介质来实现. Bayat和Gordaninejad[16]采用外部磁场影响软磁材料从而改变材料的几何特性,实现带隙调控. Ren等[17]设计一种多稳态超材料,通过采用热响应材料,利用温度对超材料带隙的频率下限和上限进行调节,拓宽了带隙的频率范围. Wang等[18]提出了一种新型的可调谐数字弹性超材料,其中每个元胞中的内部谐振器可以通过控制谐振器端部的电磁铁电流来切换,通过适当的编码机制,可以在超材料中任意实现可编程功能,例如波导和隔振. Wu和Fang[19]从能量演化和临界力两个方面解释了多稳态双胞堆叠三浦折纸链的跃迁行为,采用优化方法,通过识别给定位移对应的最小能量来确定过渡路径,并通过仿真和实验证实调节内压,有效地改变堆叠三浦折纸单元各稳态之间的变换顺序. 王婷英等[20]设计了一种将力学振子与压电分流振子分别置于基体上下两侧的混合弹性超材料梁,展示了力-压电混合弹性超材料梁的可调低频减振特性. 机械调节是通过调节外部载荷改变结构的几何形状和内部应力实现带隙调节. 力学可重构超材料可以在制作完成后,通过施加外力改变几何构型,使波动行为发生变化. Sun等[21]设计一种二维声子晶体板,研究了不同预压缩应变和几何参数下的带隙可调性,有限元计算结果表明预压缩应变可以调节带隙. Zhang等[22]设计了一种可编程的准零刚度超材料,可以随着压缩量的变化,产生不同的准零刚度模式. Lin等[23]设计了一种可调带隙超材料,在特定压缩状态下可以达到准零刚度状态,实现超低频带隙. Cai等[24]提出了一种嵌入准零刚度谐振腔的新型梁结构超材料,在适当的预压缩条件下实现了准零刚度,可实现超低频带隙中的弹性波衰减.
在声学领域,已经开展了通过调节磁力改变结构内部应力从而调节超材料带隙的研究. Gao等[25]提出了一种双层膜声学超材料,得到了一种能够有效隔离低频噪声的轻型薄层结构,并采用有限元分析和实验方法对隔声能力进行了验证. Zhao等[26,27]提出了一种具有可调谐多个频率的膜声学超材料,将磁力等效为负刚度弹簧,并且可以通过调节磁铁与小铁块之间的距离,得到具有两个峰的传输损耗曲线,并可以在较宽的低频范围内进行调节. 胥强荣等[28]提出一种具有动态磁性负刚度的新型准零刚度薄膜声学超材料,基于伽辽金法建立了有限尺寸薄膜/板结构的隔声理论模型,实现了较低频段下的有效宽频隔声. Zheng等[29]系统地分析了不同磁铁间距时薄膜的非线性刚度变化,得到了负刚度薄膜结构体系的刚度解析方程,建立了负刚度膜结构及其理论计算模型,并进行吸声的实验验证. Oyelade等[30]提出了一个带有负刚度的质量弹簧系统,建立了负刚度的理论模型,研究了系统的自由振动和强迫振动.
本文设计一种具有两个金属薄板结构和磁振子的双谐振子周期超材料,将多场耦合调节机制和机械调节机制同时引入. 磁铁作为内部振子,提供的磁场只在单胞内产生相互作用,对其他元胞影响很小. 并且在不需要额外添加外部物理场进行控制的情况下,仅通过改变两个框架之间的四个支撑块的高度控制磁场结构,调节内部刚度改变局域共振特性,进而对弹性波的带隙进行调控. 分析了此种超材料的带隙调节特性和带隙耦合特性并进行实验验证.
图1为质量-弹簧单元组成的元胞模型与实验元胞的相互对应关系,整个外框看作一个外部质量,表示为m1. 磁铁作为内部振子,表示为集中质量m2m3;左右两边的连接件可等效为弹簧,刚度为k1;两个金属薄板分别等效为可变刚度的弹簧k2k3;磁铁间磁力等效为可变负刚度的弹簧k4. 在这个模型中,各个框架使用3D打印制作,然后与金属薄板、磁铁胶接. 元胞内采用铝合金材质的螺杆与螺母固定.
影响系统特性的主要几何参数有框架的外边长L=70 mm、框架的内径D1=60 mm、两框架之间垫块的高度H1、薄板的厚度H2=0.05 mm、圆柱形磁铁的直径D3=18 mm、高度H3=20 mm、连接磁铁与金属薄板之间支架的直径D4=22 mm以及晶格常数a=125 mm.
当调节量x固定,产生一个恒定的引力Fm,这由两个磁铁间距离的平衡位置决定. 当磁振子被简谐波激励的时候,会产生位移Δx,Δx远小于调节量x,所以由磁铁引力等效的负刚度可以被视作不变[26]. 由磁铁产生的非线性引力可以被等效作一个安装在两个磁铁之间的负刚度弹簧,弹簧负刚度为km. 当磁振子在x处受到激励时,磁力可以被表示为:
同理,由金属薄板产生的垂向力可以被表示为:
其中,Fp为特定位置x的侧向拉力,kp为特定位置x的等效弹簧刚度. 在静止状态,金属薄板力Fp与磁力Fm等大反向.
为了获得准确的磁力与距离的关系,先采用了COMSOL中电磁学模块仿真的方法,然后对磁力-距离关系进行实验验证. 图2(a)表示当两个磁振子之间的距离x发生变化时,所产生的引力Fm的变化关系. 采用结构力学模块中的板壳模型计算金属薄板垂向力-位移的关系,如图2(b)所示. 并进一步获得磁力等效负刚度随着两个磁振子间距的变化关系,如图2(c)所示,以及金属薄板等效刚度随两个磁振子间距的变化关系,如图2(d)所示.
一维周期模型可以被视为离散的质量刚度模型,如图3. 当元胞数足够大时,整个模型可以被视为无限长,第n个元胞的运动方程可以表示为:
其中,u是第n个元胞外部质量的位移,vw是第n个元胞中内部振子的位移,fLfR分别为第n个元胞左端和右端所受外力,xR为第n个元胞右端位移.
令位移向量X=[uvwxR]T,力向量F=[fL,0,0,fR]T,则有:
考虑到周期系统的稳态简谐振动,经过傅里叶变换,位移可以表示为,力可以表示为. 其中分别为位移和力幅值的列向量,为分别为外部质量块和内振子的位移幅值,为单元右端的位移幅值,等于下一个单元的左端位移幅值;为单元左端和右端的简谐作用力幅值. 代入到式(4)中,可以得到系统的动力学方程:
其中,ω为振动的角频率,MK分别为系统的质量矩阵和刚度矩阵:
采用Bloch定理,元胞左右两端的边界位移和边界力的幅值关系为:
代入到幅值列向量,并写为矩阵形式:
其中,为代换后的位移幅值和外力幅值的列向量,
将式(9)代入式(5)中得:
等式左右两端化简得:
其中,
给定特征频率ω可以求解复数形式的Bloch波矢q,绘制出两者的关系,且q的取值范围限定在不可约Brillouin区中.
整个系统含有N个元胞,并且带有阻尼,如图4所示. 在一端简谐位移激励下,,对于输入端,即第0个元胞的运动方程为:
对第N个元胞,即n=N时:
对于其它单元,n=1,2,…,N-1,
稳态简谐位移可以表示为:
将式(19)代入式(18)中,分别消去得:
将式(20)和(21)代入式(18a)得:
类似的,可以得到:
因此,整个系统的传递率为:
计算不同磁振子间距x下可调节超材料的能带结构,如图5所示.(a)(b)(c)(d)分别为x大小为5 mm、10 mm、15 mm和20 mm的情况,灰色区域代表带隙范围. 可以看出,基于Bloch定理计算的无限周期结构的带隙范围与含有5个单元无阻尼系统的传递率衰减的频率范围基本一致. 图6为带隙边界随自变量磁铁距离x的变化. 随着磁铁距离x的增大,内部振子的刚度降低,从而导致局域共振带隙逐渐向低频移动,且带隙宽度也逐渐变窄.
分别对每个元胞形态进行调控,形成双胞或多胞周期结构,从而实现两种或多种局域共振带隙的耦合,产生更宽的带隙. 双胞周期结构如图7,外框外部质量表示为m1i. 磁铁内部振子表示为集中质量m2im3i;连接件等效弹簧刚度k1i,金属薄板等效弹簧刚度k2ik3i,磁力等效负刚度k4i. 当i=1时,表示每个双胞中的第一个元胞中的参数;当i=2时,表示每个双胞中的第二个元胞中的参数.
与单胞超材料的频散关系分析过程相同,计算出双胞超材料的频散关系,推导获得频散关系的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵、边界条件矩阵Aq)与Bq)为:
将质量刚度矩阵式(25)和(26)以及边界条件矩阵式(27)代入式(13)中,可得到双胞周期超材料的频散关系曲线.
在计算双胞超材料传递率的过程中,第奇数个元胞和偶数个的元胞结构不同,导致内振子与外框的振动位移幅值不同,可以得到第奇数个元胞中内振子与外框位移幅值的关系:
以及第偶数个元胞内振子与外框位移幅值的关系:
之后分别计算末尾端元胞、非末尾端偶数个元胞和奇数个元胞的传递率,在一共含有2N个元胞结构的系统内,n=2N时,元胞传递率为:
n=1,3,5,…,2N-1时,元胞传递率为:
n=2,4,6,…,2N-2时,元胞传递率为:
将所有元胞的传递率相乘,代入式(24)中,获得整体结构的传递率曲线.
假设奇数个元胞内部磁铁间距x1恒定,始终为x1=5 mm,偶数个元胞内部磁铁间距x2为变量;通过有限元软件计算得到连接每个元胞间的连接件刚度k11=k21=101.1 N/mm;测得元胞外框质量m11=m12=165.7 g.
x1的值固定为5 mm,并计算不同x2情况下超材料系统的频散关系,获取每一个带隙边界的频率值,并绘制带隙边界随x2的变化曲线,如图8. 当x2的大小为11 mm时,第一个带隙的范围变为131.9-138.0 Hz,第二、第三个带隙耦合,形成更宽的带隙,带隙范围为174.0-364.6 Hz,如图9.
通过波的传递率实验验证双磁性谐振子超材料带隙,所采用的实验装置如图10所示. 测得元胞外部集中质量m1=120 g;磁铁振子质量m2=m3=39.7 g. 在本文中,实验中的磁力调控通过调控磁铁之间的距离实现,由于磁铁由金属薄板连接在外框上,两个外框之间由垫块支撑,更换不同高度的垫块可以获得不同的磁铁间距. 在实验中,分别测试了4种垫块高度工况下的超材料传递率,垫块高度分别为5 mm、10 mm、15 mm和20 mm的间距. 但由于金属薄膜受垂向力产生形变,4种垫块高度情况下测量的实际磁铁间距为2 mm、8 mm、13 mm和18 mm,对应的刚度如表1所示. 然后,对模型的输入端施加20-500 Hz的扫频激励. 通过加速度计测量了模型的输入端和输出端的加速度响应. 实验周期模型的传递率计算为输出端与输入端之间的加速度响应振幅的比值,实验装置如图10(b).
实验结果与理论预测的传递率进行比较,如图11. 在图11中,4种情况均可产生局域共振带隙,并且局域共振带隙的位置和宽度的变化与理论预测基本一致. 但实验结果仍然与理论结果有一定的误差,其中理论预测与实验测得的超材料对振幅的衰减效果不同,是由于实验模型实际上比较复杂,可能激发出其他未知模态,导致测量位置幅值增大;等效刚度参数识别不够准确,导致理论预测与实验测得的超材料隔振频率也存在一定的误差;超材料外框由3D打印制作完成后,需要手动胶接,装配时容易产生误差.
基于第2节中对双胞超材料带隙耦合模型的分析结果,对x1=5 mm,x2=11 mm双胞结构进行传递率实验. 设置第1,3,5胞x1=5 mm,2,4,6胞x2=11 mm;与x=5 mm单胞结构、x=11 mm单胞结构超材料传递率进行对比实验,结果如图12所示. 当单胞结构磁铁间距分别等于x=5 mm和x=11 mm时,实验测得的传递率曲线中都仅包含一个局域共振带隙,如图12(a)和图12(b)所示;图12(c)中,当x1=5 mm,x2=11 mm时,由于相邻元胞间的差异会产生Bragg带隙,并且局域共振带隙和第二个Bragg带隙耦合,产生了更宽的带隙.
本文提出了一种具有可调节带隙的双磁性振子一维超材料,并进行了单胞和双胞超材料带隙的理论分析和实验研究. 该超材料通过改变磁性振子之间的距离,调节磁力大小,从而改变内部振子之间的等效刚度,实现带隙调节. 与传统的超材料结构相比,这种可调超材料不仅可以实现带隙位置和宽度的调节,也可以通过调节元胞结构,形成相邻两元胞内部刚度不同的双胞系统,从而实现更宽的耦合带隙. 实验结果表明,理论预测的双磁性振子超材料带隙与实验结果吻合良好,在特定状态下可以产生更宽的耦合带隙. 这种调节方式可以对抑制弹性波传递的主动控制提供新的思路.
  • 国家杰出青年基金(11925205)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(51921003)
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2024年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.19636/j.cnki.cjsm42-1250/o3.2023.060
  • 接收时间:2023-12-25
  • 首发时间:2026-04-01
  • 出版时间:2024-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-25
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国家杰出青年基金(11925205)
国家自然科学基金项目(51921003)
作者信息
    南京航空航天大学,航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京,210016

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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