Article(id=1321945978995855852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1321945912352559151, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250641, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1756656000000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-01, revisedDate=1758470400000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793106081960, onlineDateStr=2026-10-27, pubDate=1768838400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793106081960, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793106081960, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793106081960, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321945912352559151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2026', volume='54', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='350', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767715200000', pubDateStr='2026-01-07', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793106066072, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793106066072, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=152, endPage=163, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321945979234931181, articleId=1321945978995855852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Supercapacitive Performance of High Loading MOF-Based NiCoP Electrodes, columnId=1263922769897599102, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction

Transition metal phosphides exhibit excellent energy storage characteristics in the field of supercapacitors. However, in practical applications, due to their relatively weak electron conduction ability, these materials lead to the blocking of charge transport inside the material and at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby limiting the power density of supercapacitors; more importantly, in the long-term charge-discharge cycle, transition metal phosphides are prone to structural degradation, which will seriously affect the long-term stability and service life of supercapacitors. In this work, MOF was used as a self-sacrificing template to construct a hierarchical NC@MOF@NCP composite (~25.4 mg·cm-2) with high active material load by hydrothermal method combined with controllable electrodeposition technology. The skeleton structure of the NC@MOF @NCP composite has 3D conductive channel and mesoporous characteristics, which significantly reduces the charge transfer impedance of the material when improving its energy density and stable cycle.

Methods

Preparation of NiCo-LDH: 0.290 79 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.582 06 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.074 08 g of NH4F and 0.300 30 g of CO(NH2)2 were dissolved separately in 50 mL of deionized water. After stirring for 20 min, a 3 cm×4 cm piece of nickel foam (NF) was transferred, together with the precursor solution, into a stainless-steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The mixture was then heated to 120 ℃ and left to react for 5 h, yielding NiCo-LDH nanorods (NC). To prepare NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF: 0.873 1 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O and 0.210 1 g of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid were dissolved in 20 mL of a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol (volume ratio 1:1) to form Solution A. Subsequently, 0.5 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was dispersed in 10 mL of deionized water to yield Solution B, which was then slowly added to Solution A with thorough mixing. The mixture was then transferred, together with the Ni foam bearing the deposited NiCo-LDH, to a stainless-steel reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The mixture was then maintained at 180 ℃ for 10 h, yielding the purple product, NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF (NC@MOF). To prepare NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP: 5.815 8 g of dissolve Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 5.820 6 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O and 2.119 8 g of NaH2PO2·H2O separately in a 100 mL mixture of ethanol and deionized water (volume ratio 1:1). NiCoP nanosheets were then electrodeposited onto the NC@MOF framework via cyclic voltammetry. In a three-electrode system, the NC@MOF served as the working electrode, Pt as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. Within the -1.2 to 0.2 V potential window, 20 cycles were performed at a scan rate of 10 mV·s-1, yielding the product NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP (NC@MOF@NCP). The loading mass of NC, NC@MOF and NC@MOF@NCP were 2.7, 10.5 mg·cm-2 and 25.4 mg·cm-2 respectively.

Results and Discussion

After 20 cycles of electrochemical deposition, the product NC@MOF@NCP primarily consists of a mixed phase comprising MOF, Ni(OH)2 and Co3.5(OH)·0.11H2O, Ni(HPO3)H2O and (Ni0.65Co0.35)3(PO4). FESEM and TEM images reveal that the NC@MOF nanorods are encapsulated by ultrathin, low-crystallinity NiCoP nanosheets, forming a highly loaded core-shell structure of NC@MOF@NCP. The Co-MOF serves as a sacrificial template that provides skeletal support for the deposition of high-loading NiCoP, and also effectively increases the electrode's specific surface area, offering more active sites for rapid, reversible Faradaic reactions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that the NC@MOF@NCP composite electrode exhibits low Rs (0.74 Ω) and Rct (0.34 Ω) values. This low electrode-electrolyte interface charge transfer resistance contributes to the electrode's enhanced overall electrochemical performance.

Conclusions

A hierarchical NC@MOF@NCP nanorod electrode loaded with a highly active material has been constructed. This electrode's mesoporous system synergizes with the phosphide's metallic electronic structure, significantly reducing charge transfer impedance to 0.34 Ω. The optimized electrode exhibits a surface capacitance of 21.49 F·cm-2 and high-capacity retention of 79.65% at 50 mA·cm-2. Its outstanding rate performance is attributed to rapid charge redistribution mechanisms at the layered heterointerfaces. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor of NC@MOF@NCP//AC achieved an energy density of 1.55 mW·h·cm-2 at a power density of 8 mW·cm-2 and demonstrated excellent cycling stability, retaining 86.8% of its capacity after 8000 cycles.

, authors=Xuan PENG, Jinping ZOU, Xiaoyun YE, Zhaohui WEI, Li-An MA, authorsList=Xuan PENG, Jinping ZOU, Xiaoyun YE, Zhaohui WEI, Li-An MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Li-An MA, authorNote=

PENG Xuan (2001-), male, Master candidate. E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
MA Lian (1974-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail:
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高活性物质负载分级多孔电极的构筑,能最大限度提升超级电容器的能量与功率密度。以Co-金属有机框架(MOF)为模板,结合水热法和电沉积法在泡沫镍上合成了高负载分层结构的NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP纳米棒(NC@MOF@NCP),研究了MOF作为模板对产物NC@MOF@NCP结构、形貌、电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当电化学循环沉积20圈后获得的超薄NiCoP纳米片包覆在MOF基纳米棒表面形成了高负载的NC@MOF@NCP复合结构(负载量~25.4 mg·cm-2);MOF模板不仅为NiCoP的高负载沉积提供了骨架支撑,同时有效增加了快速可逆的法拉第反应中电极的比表面积和提供了更多的活性位点。在三电极体系下NC@MOF@NCP电极表现出优异的电化学性能,在电流密度为10 mA·cm-2下的面电容为21.49 F·cm-2,在50 mA·cm-2下面电容保持率为79.65%。更重要的是,以NC@MOF@NCP为正极、活性炭为负极组装的非对称超级电容器,在8 mW·cm-2的功率密度下获得了1.55 mW·h·cm-2能量密度,在功率密度为40 mW·cm-2 (1189 W·kg-1)下,能量密度达到1.23 mW·h·cm-2 (36.5 W·h·kg-1),且在22 mA·cm-2下充放电循环8000次电容衰减仅为13.2%。NC@MOF@NCP作为超电容电极材料具有广阔的应用前景。

, authors=彭旋, 邹金苹, 叶晓云, 魏朝晖, 马立安, authorsList=彭旋, 邹金苹, 叶晓云, 魏朝晖, 马立安, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马立安, authorNote=

彭旋(2001—),男,硕士研究生。

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马立安(1974—),男,博士,教授。
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高负载MOF基NiCoP电极的构筑及其超电容性能
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彭旋 , 邹金苹 , 叶晓云 , 魏朝晖 , 马立安
硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2026,54(1): 152-163
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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (1) : 152 -163
高负载MOF基NiCoP电极的构筑及其超电容性能
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彭旋 , 邹金苹, 叶晓云, 魏朝晖, 马立安
作者信息
  • 福建理工大学材料科学与工程学院,福州 350118
通讯作者:
马立安(1974—),男,博士,教授。
作者简介:

彭旋(2001—),男,硕士研究生。

Supercapacitive Performance of High Loading MOF-Based NiCoP Electrodes
Xuan PENG , Jinping ZOU, Xiaoyun YE, Zhaohui WEI, Li-An MA
Affiliations
  • School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    MA Lian (1974-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail:

    PENG Xuan (2001-), male, Master candidate. E-mail:

出版时间: 2026-01-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250641
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高活性物质负载分级多孔电极的构筑,能最大限度提升超级电容器的能量与功率密度。以Co-金属有机框架(MOF)为模板,结合水热法和电沉积法在泡沫镍上合成了高负载分层结构的NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP纳米棒(NC@MOF@NCP),研究了MOF作为模板对产物NC@MOF@NCP结构、形貌、电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当电化学循环沉积20圈后获得的超薄NiCoP纳米片包覆在MOF基纳米棒表面形成了高负载的NC@MOF@NCP复合结构(负载量~25.4 mg·cm-2);MOF模板不仅为NiCoP的高负载沉积提供了骨架支撑,同时有效增加了快速可逆的法拉第反应中电极的比表面积和提供了更多的活性位点。在三电极体系下NC@MOF@NCP电极表现出优异的电化学性能,在电流密度为10 mA·cm-2下的面电容为21.49 F·cm-2,在50 mA·cm-2下面电容保持率为79.65%。更重要的是,以NC@MOF@NCP为正极、活性炭为负极组装的非对称超级电容器,在8 mW·cm-2的功率密度下获得了1.55 mW·h·cm-2能量密度,在功率密度为40 mW·cm-2 (1189 W·kg-1)下,能量密度达到1.23 mW·h·cm-2 (36.5 W·h·kg-1),且在22 mA·cm-2下充放电循环8000次电容衰减仅为13.2%。NC@MOF@NCP作为超电容电极材料具有广阔的应用前景。

超级电容器  /  金属有机框架模板  /  磷化物  /  溶剂热  /  电化学沉积
Introduction

Transition metal phosphides exhibit excellent energy storage characteristics in the field of supercapacitors. However, in practical applications, due to their relatively weak electron conduction ability, these materials lead to the blocking of charge transport inside the material and at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby limiting the power density of supercapacitors; more importantly, in the long-term charge-discharge cycle, transition metal phosphides are prone to structural degradation, which will seriously affect the long-term stability and service life of supercapacitors. In this work, MOF was used as a self-sacrificing template to construct a hierarchical NC@MOF@NCP composite (~25.4 mg·cm-2) with high active material load by hydrothermal method combined with controllable electrodeposition technology. The skeleton structure of the NC@MOF @NCP composite has 3D conductive channel and mesoporous characteristics, which significantly reduces the charge transfer impedance of the material when improving its energy density and stable cycle.

Methods

Preparation of NiCo-LDH: 0.290 79 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.582 06 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.074 08 g of NH4F and 0.300 30 g of CO(NH2)2 were dissolved separately in 50 mL of deionized water. After stirring for 20 min, a 3 cm×4 cm piece of nickel foam (NF) was transferred, together with the precursor solution, into a stainless-steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The mixture was then heated to 120 ℃ and left to react for 5 h, yielding NiCo-LDH nanorods (NC). To prepare NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF: 0.873 1 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O and 0.210 1 g of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid were dissolved in 20 mL of a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol (volume ratio 1:1) to form Solution A. Subsequently, 0.5 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was dispersed in 10 mL of deionized water to yield Solution B, which was then slowly added to Solution A with thorough mixing. The mixture was then transferred, together with the Ni foam bearing the deposited NiCo-LDH, to a stainless-steel reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The mixture was then maintained at 180 ℃ for 10 h, yielding the purple product, NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF (NC@MOF). To prepare NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP: 5.815 8 g of dissolve Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 5.820 6 g of Co(NO3)2·6H2O and 2.119 8 g of NaH2PO2·H2O separately in a 100 mL mixture of ethanol and deionized water (volume ratio 1:1). NiCoP nanosheets were then electrodeposited onto the NC@MOF framework via cyclic voltammetry. In a three-electrode system, the NC@MOF served as the working electrode, Pt as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. Within the -1.2 to 0.2 V potential window, 20 cycles were performed at a scan rate of 10 mV·s-1, yielding the product NiCo-LDH@Co-MOF@NiCoP (NC@MOF@NCP). The loading mass of NC, NC@MOF and NC@MOF@NCP were 2.7, 10.5 mg·cm-2 and 25.4 mg·cm-2 respectively.

Results and Discussion

After 20 cycles of electrochemical deposition, the product NC@MOF@NCP primarily consists of a mixed phase comprising MOF, Ni(OH)2 and Co3.5(OH)·0.11H2O, Ni(HPO3)H2O and (Ni0.65Co0.35)3(PO4). FESEM and TEM images reveal that the NC@MOF nanorods are encapsulated by ultrathin, low-crystallinity NiCoP nanosheets, forming a highly loaded core-shell structure of NC@MOF@NCP. The Co-MOF serves as a sacrificial template that provides skeletal support for the deposition of high-loading NiCoP, and also effectively increases the electrode's specific surface area, offering more active sites for rapid, reversible Faradaic reactions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that the NC@MOF@NCP composite electrode exhibits low Rs (0.74 Ω) and Rct (0.34 Ω) values. This low electrode-electrolyte interface charge transfer resistance contributes to the electrode's enhanced overall electrochemical performance.

Conclusions

A hierarchical NC@MOF@NCP nanorod electrode loaded with a highly active material has been constructed. This electrode's mesoporous system synergizes with the phosphide's metallic electronic structure, significantly reducing charge transfer impedance to 0.34 Ω. The optimized electrode exhibits a surface capacitance of 21.49 F·cm-2 and high-capacity retention of 79.65% at 50 mA·cm-2. Its outstanding rate performance is attributed to rapid charge redistribution mechanisms at the layered heterointerfaces. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor of NC@MOF@NCP//AC achieved an energy density of 1.55 mW·h·cm-2 at a power density of 8 mW·cm-2 and demonstrated excellent cycling stability, retaining 86.8% of its capacity after 8000 cycles.

supercapacitor  /  metal organic framework template  /  phosphide  /  solvothermal  /  electrochemical deposition
彭旋, 邹金苹, 叶晓云, 魏朝晖, 马立安. 高负载MOF基NiCoP电极的构筑及其超电容性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (1) : 152 -163 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250641
Xuan PENG, Jinping ZOU, Xiaoyun YE, Zhaohui WEI, Li-An MA. Supercapacitive Performance of High Loading MOF-Based NiCoP Electrodes[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (1) : 152 -163 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250641
  • 福建省自然科学基金(2024J01835)
  • 福建省雏鹰计划项目(KY310255)
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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250641
  • 接收时间:2025-09-01
  • 首发时间:2026-10-27
  • 出版时间:2026-01-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-01
  • 修回日期:2025-09-22
基金
福建省自然科学基金(2024J01835)
福建省雏鹰计划项目(KY310255)
作者信息
    福建理工大学材料科学与工程学院,福州 350118

通讯作者:

马立安(1974—),男,博士,教授。
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