硅酸盐学报

基于3D打印结构设计与界面调控的高韧性氧化铝复合陶瓷

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王佩 ¹^,² , 陈淑娜 ¹ , 苏云峰 ¹ , 陈发强 ¹ , 宋俊杰 ¹ , 胡丽天 ¹ , 张永胜 ¹^,²

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2026,54(9): 3208-3219

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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (9) : 3208 -3219

基于3D打印结构设计与界面调控的高韧性氧化铝复合陶瓷

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王佩¹^,², 陈淑娜¹, 苏云峰¹, 陈发强¹, 宋俊杰¹, 胡丽天¹, 张永胜¹^,²

作者信息

^1．中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所，润滑国家重点实验室，兰州 730000

^2．中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院，北京 100049

通讯作者:

陈淑娜（1996—），女，博士，助理研究员；

张永胜（1977—），男，博士，研究员。

作者简介:

王佩（2001—），女，硕士研究生。

High Toughness Alumina Composite Ceramics Based on 3D Printed Structural Design and Interface Modulation

Pei WANG¹^,², Shuna CHEN¹, Yunfeng SU¹, Faqiang CHEN¹, Junjie SONG¹, Litian HU¹, Yongsheng ZHANG¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

^2.Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding Author:

CHEN Shuna (1996-), female, Ph.D., Assistant Professor. E-mail: chenshuna@licp.cas.cn;

ZHANG Yongsheng (1977-), male, Ph.D., Professor. zhysh@licp.cas.cn

WANG Pei (2001-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: wangpei23@licp.cas.cn

出版时间: 2026-08-18 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250828

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摘要

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为改善氧化铝陶瓷的本征脆性缺陷，基于3D打印技术，通过对Al₂O₃相的三维结构设计和二维弱界面相的协同调控，成功构建了兼具高韧性和高损伤容限的Al₂O₃/h-BN/Al₂O₃复合陶瓷材料。复合陶瓷不仅在应力-应变行为上展现出渐进性失效特征和高能量吸收能力，且呈现出典型的上升R曲线特征，断裂韧性较纯Al₂O₃提升37%，断裂功提升近3倍。除此之外，复合陶瓷的临界裂纹尺寸和损伤容限参数分别可达约（201±20） μm和（0.77±0.01） m^1/2，分别较纯Al₂O₃提升约8.6倍和2倍。这是由于Gyroid结构骨架与二维界面相的协同作用有效激活了多重增韧机制，突破了传统氧化铝陶瓷对微小缺陷极度敏感的固有缺陷，显著提升了材料的能量耗散能力和结构可靠性，为高性能结构陶瓷的设计提供了新策略。

关键词

陶瓷增韧 / Gyroid结构 / R曲线 / 韧性 / 损伤容限

Abstract

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Introduction

Alumina (Al₂O₃) ceramics are widely used in high-tech fields such as aerospace, energy, and electronics due to their excellent properties including high hardness, good wear resistance, high temperature stability, and chemical inertness. However, their intrinsic brittleness and high sensitivity to microdefects severely restricttheir practical application in advanced structural components. As a microcrack appears in conventional Al₂O₃ ceramics under an external load, a sudden catastrophic failure is likely to occur, greatly reducing the structural reliability and service life of the material. Therefore, developing a strategy that can effectively improve the toughness and damage tolerance of Al₂O₃ ceramics, while maintaining their inherent excellent properties becomes an urgent and important research topic in the field of structural ceramics. This work was to solve the intrinsic brittleness problem of Al₂O₃ ceramics via combining a structure design with a multi-scale interface regulation, which could be of great significance for promoting the design, development and practical application of high-performance Al₂O₃-based ceramics.

Methods

This study proposed an innovative strategy combining a structure design with a multi-scale interface regulation. Al₂O₃/h-BN/Al₂O₃ composite ceramic material with a fine three-dimensional structure and optimized interface properties was constructed through DLP-3D printing technology. The fracture toughness, damage tolerance and energy dissipation capacity of the composite ceramics were significantly improved via skillfully coordinating macro structural design (Gyroid structure) and micro interface modification (h-BN weak interface phase). The following procedure adopted was described. First, the Gyroid structure design was carried out for the Al₂O₃ phase to construct a continuous and stable three-dimensional structural skeleton based on the Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. DLP-3D printing technology was selected due to its advantages of high forming precision, fast printing speed, and ability to fabricate complex three-dimensional structures, which could accurately replicate the designed Gyroid structure and lay a foundation for the structural regulation of composite ceramics. Then, two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) was introduced as a weak interface phase to regulate the interface properties between the Al₂O₃ structural skeleton and the Al₂O₃ filling phase, thereby constructing the Al₂O₃/h-BN/Al₂O₃ composite ceramic material. A series of composite ceramic samples with different h-BN interface phase contents were prepared to systematically investigate the influence of h-BN content on the material properties. Subsequently, various characterization techniques were used to characterize the phase composition, microstructure and forming quality of the composite ceramics. The mechanical properties such as fracture toughness (K_IC), fracture work, damage tolerance parameters, critical crack size and stress-strain behavior were comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the synergistic effect mechanism of the Gyroid structure and the two-dimensional h-BN weak interface phase on the toughening behavior, damage tolerance and energy dissipation of the composite ceramics was revealed through the analysis of fracture morphology and the summary of performance test results.

Results and discussion

The Gyroid-Al₂O₃ ceramic skeleton prepared by DLP-3D printing technology has a good forming quality, and the actual volume fraction of the printed Al₂O₃ structure is 32.6%, which is close to the design value. This indicates that the DLP technology has a high precision in preparing the Gyroid structure, and there is still a certain regulation space to further optimize the printing precision of the structure. In addition, all composite ceramic samples also have a high relative density, which ensures the basic mechanical properties of the material. The composite ceramic with 15% h-BN interface phase (sample A15) shows the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties. Its fracture toughness (K_IC) reaches 5.42 MPa·m^1/2, which is 37% higher than that of pure Al₂O₃ ceramic, the fracture work is 264 J·m^-2, which is nearly 4 times higher than that of pure Al₂O₃, and the maximum fracture toughness (K_JC) can reach 15.40 MPa·m^1/2, which is 290% higher than that of pure Al₂O₃. Also, the critical crack size and damage tolerance parameter of the A15 sample are (201±20) μm and (0.77±0.01) m^1/2, respectively, which are 8.5 times and 2 times higher than those of pure Al₂O₃. Compared with conventional 3D printed ceramics and Al₂O₃ ceramics under conventional toughening strategies, the sample A15 still has significant advantages. The stress-strain behavior of the composite ceramics shows typical progressive failure characteristics and high energy absorption capacity, as well as a typical rising R-curve feature, indicating that the composite ceramics have a strong crack growth resistance and can effectively dissipate energy during the fracture process. The key innovation of this study is that the synergistic effect of the Gyroid structure and the two-dimensional h-BN weak interface phase effectively activates multiple toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection, crack branching, and interface delamination, which breaks through the inherent defect that conventional Al₂O₃ ceramics are extremely sensitive to microdefects, and significantly improves the energy dissipation capacity and structural reliability of the material. This material-structure integration design strategy provides an idea and theoretical guidance for the design and preparation of high-toughness and damage-tolerant composite ceramics.

Conclusions

This work constructed Al₂O₃/h-BN/Al₂O₃ composite ceramic materials with both high toughness and high damage tolerance. The composite ceramics showed progressive failure characteristics and high energy absorption capacity in the stress-strain behaviorand typical rising R-curve characteristics. The fracture toughness was increased by 37% and the fracture work was increased by nearly 4 times, compared with that of pure Al₂O₃. In addition, the critical crack size and damage tolerance parameters of the composite ceramics could also reach (201±20) μm and (0.77±0.01) m^1/2, which were enhanced by 8.5 and 2 times, respectively, compared with those of pure Al₂O₃. This could be due to the synergistic effect of the Gyroid structure and the two dimensional h-BN weak interface phase effectively activating multiple toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection, crack branching, and interface delamination, which could break through the inherent defect that conventional Al₂O₃ ceramics were extremely sensitive to microdefects, and significantly improve the energy dissipation capacity and structural reliability of the material. This material-structure integration design strategy could provide an idea and theoretical guidance for the design and preparation of high toughness and damage-tolerant composite ceramics.

Key words

ceramic toughening / Gyroid structure / R-curve / toughness / damage tolerance

引用本文

王佩, 陈淑娜, 苏云峰, 陈发强, 宋俊杰, 胡丽天, 张永胜. 基于3D打印结构设计与界面调控的高韧性氧化铝复合陶瓷. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (9) : 3208 -3219 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250828

Pei WANG, Shuna CHEN, Yunfeng SU, Faqiang CHEN, Junjie SONG, Litian HU, Yongsheng ZHANG. High Toughness Alumina Composite Ceramics Based on 3D Printed Structural Design and Interface Modulation[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (9) : 3208 -3219 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250828

基金

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国家自然科学基金(52303386)
甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDKA0001)
甘肃省自然科学基金(25JRRA468)

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2026年第54卷第9期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250828

接收时间：2025-11-10
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2026-08-18

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收稿日期：2025-11-10
修回日期：2025-12-31

基金

国家自然科学基金(52303386)

甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDKA0001)

甘肃省自然科学基金(25JRRA468)

作者信息

^1．中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所，润滑国家重点实验室，兰州 730000

^2．中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院，北京 100049

通讯作者:

陈淑娜（1996—），女，博士，助理研究员；

张永胜（1977—），男，博士，研究员。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250828

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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