硅酸盐学报

基于稀土能量传递的日盲光探测材料研究进展

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霍帅 ¹^,² , 何依雯 ³ , 张文林 ² , 贾红 ³

硅酸盐学报 | 综合评述 2026,54(8): 2935-2948

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硅酸盐学报 |综合评述 2026 , 54 (8) : 2935 -2948

基于稀土能量传递的日盲光探测材料研究进展

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霍帅¹^,², 何依雯³, 张文林², 贾红³

作者信息

^1．郑州航空工业管理学院，郑州 450046

^2．信息工程大学，郑州 450001

^3．洛阳师范学院，河南洛阳 471934

通讯作者:

贾红（1980—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

霍帅（1989—），男，硕士研究生。

Research Progress on Solar-Blind Light Detection Materials Based on Energy Transfer of Rare-Earth Elements

Shuai HUO¹^,², Yiwen HE³, Wenlin ZHANG², Hong JIA³

Affiliations

^1.Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China

^2.Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

^3.School of Physics and Electronic Information, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, China

Corresponding Author:

{JIA} Hong (1980-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: jiahong517@aliyun.com

HUO Shuai (1989-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: huoshuai3568vip@163.com

出版时间: 2026-04-15 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250598

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摘要

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日盲紫外光电探测器凭借自身优良的抗干扰能力、高灵敏度以及快速响应属性，在军事侦察、环境监测、生物医学等诸多领域显现重要应用价值。作为探测器的核心组件，日盲光电探测材料的性能直接影响着器件的关键指标与实际应用效果，传统探测材料受制于性能，难以契合多元化需求。但最新研究发现，稀土离子掺杂材料能借助独有的能量传递机制，有效调控宽谱日盲紫外光，突破传统材料性能的局限，为日盲探测技术在多个领域的应用开拓新方向。本文对稀土离子掺杂材料在日盲光电探测领域的研究进展进行了系统综述，深入剖析该类材料的能量传递机制、材料体系、器件结构与性能优化办法，对典型器件案例及应用前景展开探讨，分析当前面临的挑战并展望后续发展方向，为促进日盲紫外探测技术的创新发展提供了关键参考。

关键词

日盲光电探测 / 稀土离子 / 能量传递 / 下转换

Abstract

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Solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors operating in the waveband of 200-280 nm become critical components in modern optoelectronic systems due to their near-zero background interference, strong environmental adaptability, high sensitivity, fast response speed, and strong anti-jamming capability. These advantages enable their widespread use in high-value applications such as military reconnaissance, missile tail-flame detection, early fire warning, industrial pollutant monitoring, secure optical communication, and biomedical detection. As the core functional layer of photodetectors, the intrinsic properties of photosensitive materials directly determine the overall performance of optoelectronic devices, including responsivity, external quantum efficiency, detectivity, response time, dark current, and long-term stability. However, conventional semiconductor and inorganic photoelectric materials used in solar-blind detection suffer from inherent limitations, such as narrow spectral absorption range, low photon-to-electron conversion efficiency, poor structural stability under continuous light irradiation, high dark current noise, and incompatibility with low-cost fabrication. These drawbacks severely restrict their further application in high-performance and multi-scenario solar-blind photodetection systems.

Rare-earth ion-doped optoelectronic materials have attracted recent attention as next-generation solar-blind detection media due to their unique electronic structure and excellent optical controllability. Benefiting from the shielded 4f electron configuration, rare-earth ions exhibit abundant and sharp energy levels, long fluorescence lifetime, and characteristic narrow-band emission. Through various efficient energy transfer pathways, including resonant radiative energy transfer, resonant non-radiative energy transfer, multi-phonon assisted energy transfer, and cross relaxation, rare-earth-doped materials can efficiently capture, convert, and modulate high-energy solar-blind UV photons. In particular, the down-conversion and quantum-cutting luminescence mechanisms allow one high-energy UV photon to be converted into one or more low-energy photons in the visible or near-infrared region, which can be easily detected by conventional silicon-based photodetectors. This photophysical conversion process significantly improves photon utilization efficiency, enhances optoelectronic response, and breaks through the performance bottlenecks of conventional solar-blind materials.

This review represents recent research progress on rare-earth-doped materials for high-performance solar-blind photodetection based on energy transfer. First, the fundamental photophysical properties of rare-earth ions are introduced, including their energy level structure, electron transition characteristics, and classification of energy transfer mechanisms, with a special emphasis on the down-conversion and quantum-cutting processes that dominate efficient UV-to-visible conversion. Second, rare-earth doping systems are categorized into single-doping, co-doping, and multi-doping architectures, and the photoelectric characteristics, energy transfer paths, and performance differences among various ion combinations are discussed. In addition, four major matrix material systems, i.e., oxides, fluorides, oxyfluorides, and nanocrystals, are comprehensively evaluated, focusing on their bandgap width, phonon energy, structural stability, defect regulation ability, and compatibility with rare-earth ion doping.

Furthermore, the typical structures and working principles of traditional solar-blind photodetectors are introduced, including photoconductive detectors, photovoltaic detectors, and avalanche photodiodes. On this basis, three major efficiency-enhancement mechanisms introduced by rare-earth energy transfer are revealed, i.e., spectral absorption expansion and efficient photon capture, full-process carrier dynamic regulation including separation, transport and recombination, and material stability reinforcement and dark current suppression through defect passivation and interface optimization. Combined with representative device cases reported in recent years, this review further elaborates performance optimization strategies from four key dimensions, i.e., photoelectric response characteristics, response time and dynamic performance, long-term structural and environmental stability, and noise suppression and detectivity improvement.

Summary and Prospects

Rare-earth ion-doped materials demonstrate outstanding advantages in solar-blind photodetection due to their unique energy level structure, efficient energy transfer, and controllable luminescence properties. Remarkable progress is made in material design, energy transfer mechanism clarification, matrix modification, defect engineering, nanostructure construction, and device performance optimization. The optimized devices exhibit enhanced responsivity, widened spectral response, faster response speed, lower dark current, and improved stability, showing broad application prospects in military, civil, environmental, and biomedical fields. Nevertheless, several critical scientific and technical challenges still hinder their practical deployment. For instance, the trade-off between high energy transfer efficiency and long-term structural stability remains difficult to balance. The excessive rare-earth doping often causes concentration quenching and luminescence attenuation. A precise control over microstructures, interfaces, and defect states remains challenging, and the dynamic photophysical evolution under operating conditions requires a further in-depth verification via in-situ characterization techniques.

Future research directions of rare-earth-based solar-blind photodetection will focus on the development of novel composite material systems via integrating rare-earth dopants with two-dimensional materials, perovskites, and other emerging functional media to construct high-efficiency energy transfer channels. In the device level, developing miniaturized, integrated, and intelligent micro-/nano-solar-blind photodetectors combined with MEMS technology becomes a major trend. Meanwhile, theoretical simulations based on first-principles calculations, high-throughput material screening, and low-cost scalable fabrication processes should be strengthened to accelerate the industrial translation of laboratory achievements. This review provides a systematic and valuable reference for the rational design, performance optimization, and practical innovation of high-efficiency rare-earth-doped solar-blind photodetection materials and devices.

Key words

solar-blind photodetection / rare-earth ions / energy transfer / down-conversion

引用本文

霍帅, 何依雯, 张文林, 贾红. 基于稀土能量传递的日盲光探测材料研究进展. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (8) : 2935 -2948 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250598

Shuai HUO, Yiwen HE, Wenlin ZHANG, Hong JIA. Research Progress on Solar-Blind Light Detection Materials Based on Energy Transfer of Rare-Earth Elements[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (8) : 2935 -2948 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250598

基金

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河南省自然科学基金重点研发专项(231111222200)
国家自然基金面上项目(52473262)
大学生创新创业项目(202510482013)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目服务产业发展专项(25CY025)

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2026年第54卷第8期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250598

接收时间：2025-08-06
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2026-04-15

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-08-06
修回日期：2025-08-24

基金

河南省自然科学基金重点研发专项(231111222200)

国家自然基金面上项目(52473262)

大学生创新创业项目(202510482013)

河南省高等学校重点科研项目服务产业发展专项(25CY025)

作者信息

^1．郑州航空工业管理学院，郑州 450046

^2．信息工程大学，郑州 450001

^3．洛阳师范学院，河南洛阳 471934

通讯作者:

贾红（1980—），男，博士，教授。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250598

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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