Article(id=1320107587161403912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320107562284986563, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250456, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1749484800000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-10, revisedDate=1752854400000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792667775191, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792667775191, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792667775191, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792667775191, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320107562284986563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2026', volume='54', issue='8', pageStart='2577', pageEnd='2948', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787155200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792667769261, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792720485859, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320328671789957452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320107562284986563, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320328671789957453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320107562284986563, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2809, endPage=2818, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320107587341758985, articleId=1320107587161403912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Corrosion Damage of Steel Fibers and Chloride Ion Transport Mechanism in Ultra-High Performance Concrete Under Stray Current, columnId=1263922769897599102, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction

Stray current leakage poses a significant threat to the service life of underground electrified engineering structures. Although ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) exhibits superior durability, compared to ordinary concrete, the corrosion mechanism of internal steel fibers induced by stray current remains unclear, thus restricting its broader application in underground environments. Under the influence of stray current, chloride ion transport in UHPC is governed by the combined effects of free diffusion, electromigration, and changes in pore structure caused by steel fiber corrosion. The mechanisms of free diffusion and electromigration are extensively studied, but the influence of steel fiber corrosion on chloride ion transport is not thoroughly investigated. In particular, the impact of corrosion-induced microstructural changes on chloride migration is not quantitatively assessed, and the micro-morphological characteristics of steel fiber corrosion under stray current are not fully revealed.

Methods

The materials used included Portland cement (P·II 52.5), silica fume (particle size: 0.1-0.2 μm), fly ash (Type F), quartz powder (particle size: 20-100 μm), quartz sand (particle size: 450-900 μm), a superplasticizer, and steel fibers. The steel fibers were added at a volume fraction of 2%, with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 0.12 mm. The microstructural characteristics of steel fiber corrosion and the chloride ion transport mechanism in UHPC under the influence of stray current were determined by rapid chloride migration test (RCM), water absorption test, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray computed tomography (X-CT), respectively. The electrochemical corrosion of UHPC was simulated via the RCM test, and the changes in effective porosity after corrosion were determined via the water absorption test. The micro-morphological features of corroded steel fibers were characterized by AFM, and the corrosion-induced microcrack propagation and changes in porosity within the UHPC matrix were analyzed by X-CT.

Results and discussion

The corrosion pits on the surface of the steel fibers are primarily distributed in the range of -250 to 200 nm at an external voltage of 30 V. As the voltage increases to 50 V, the pit depth expands to -430 to 700 nm, and it further extends to-580 to 770 nm at 70 V. Correspondingly, the effective porosity of UHPC increases from 0.50% to 0.58% at 30 V, from 0.60% to 1.31% at 50 V, and from 0.58% to 1.88% at 70 V.

The expansion of corroded steel fibers induces the formation and propagation of microcracks within the UHPC matrix, leading to an increase in apparent porosity. At different applied voltages of 30 V, 50 V, and 70 V, the apparent porosity increases to 1.49-1.95%, 1.50-2.43%, and 1.47-2.96%, respectively. The effective chloride diffusion coefficient measured is 3.68×10-12 m2/s at 30 V, increases to 9.11×10-12 m2/s at 50 V, and further increases to 28.3×10-12 m2/s at 70 V. These results demonstrate that stray current significantly accelerates the chloride ion transport in UHPC. Neglecting the effect of porosity variation can result in a significant overestimation of the service performance of UHPC structures within their intended design life.

Conclusions

Stray current induced changes in the micro-morphology of steel fibers, with maximum pit depths concentrated in the range of -580 nm to 770 nm. The corrosion became more severe closer to the exposed surface, potentially causing a fracture of the steel fibers and a complete loss of their load-bearing capacity. The results of water absorption tests indicated that stray current increased the effective porosity of UHPC. This increase could be primarily attributed to the expansion of corroded steel fibers, leading to microcrack propagation within the UHPC matrix. The apparent porosity caused by steel fiber corrosion was quantified. In specimens unaffected by stray current, the apparent porosity ranged from 1.47% to 1.56%. A higher applied voltage led to more significant changes in apparent porosity.

, authors=Mingyue CHEN1, Xiongying MA2, Xin KANG3, authorsList=Mingyue CHEN, Xiongying MA, Xin KANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xin KANG, authorNote=

CHEN Mingyue (1995-), male, Ph.D., Assistant Researcher Fellow. E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
{KANG} Xin (1986-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail:
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杂散电流泄漏严重威胁地下电气化工程结构的服役寿命,尽管超高性能混凝土(UHPC)具有比普通混凝土更好的耐久性,但杂散电流诱发其内部钢纤维锈蚀的机制尚不明确,限制了其在地下结构的应用。本工作采用快速氯离子迁移法、吸水试验、原子力显微镜和X射线计算机断层成像技术来研究杂散电流作用下UHPC中钢纤维锈蚀微观特征及氯离子传输机制。研究结果表明:钢纤维锈蚀导致微观形貌改变,蚀坑最大深度集中在-580~770 nm范围内。钢纤维锈蚀膨胀会引发UHPC内部出现微裂缝扩展,增大其孔隙率,进一步加快了氯离子的传输速率。当外加电压为30、50 V和70 V时,孔隙率分别增大至1.49%~1.95%、1.50%~2.43%和1.47%~2.96%,并建立了孔隙率变化与氯离子有效扩散系数的线性方程。

, authors=陈铭岳1, 马雄鹰2, 康馨3, authorsList=陈铭岳, 马雄鹰, 康馨, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=康馨, authorNote=

陈铭岳(1995—),男,博士,助理研究员。

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康馨(1986—),男,博士,教授。
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杂散电流作用下超高性能混凝土钢纤维锈蚀损伤与氯离子传输机理
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陈铭岳 1 , 马雄鹰 2 , 康馨 3
硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2026,54(8): 2809-2818
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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (8) : 2809 -2818
杂散电流作用下超高性能混凝土钢纤维锈蚀损伤与氯离子传输机理
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陈铭岳1 , 马雄鹰2, 康馨3
作者信息
  • 1.中国矿业大学,深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室,江苏 徐州 221116
  • 2.重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆 400045
  • 3.湖南大学土木工程学院,长沙 410082
通讯作者:
康馨(1986—),男,博士,教授。
作者简介:

陈铭岳(1995—),男,博士,助理研究员。

Corrosion Damage of Steel Fibers and Chloride Ion Transport Mechanism in Ultra-High Performance Concrete Under Stray Current
Mingyue CHEN1 , Xiongying MA2, Xin KANG3
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
  • 2.School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
  • 3.College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    {KANG} Xin (1986-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail:

    CHEN Mingyue (1995-), male, Ph.D., Assistant Researcher Fellow. E-mail:

出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250456
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杂散电流泄漏严重威胁地下电气化工程结构的服役寿命,尽管超高性能混凝土(UHPC)具有比普通混凝土更好的耐久性,但杂散电流诱发其内部钢纤维锈蚀的机制尚不明确,限制了其在地下结构的应用。本工作采用快速氯离子迁移法、吸水试验、原子力显微镜和X射线计算机断层成像技术来研究杂散电流作用下UHPC中钢纤维锈蚀微观特征及氯离子传输机制。研究结果表明:钢纤维锈蚀导致微观形貌改变,蚀坑最大深度集中在-580~770 nm范围内。钢纤维锈蚀膨胀会引发UHPC内部出现微裂缝扩展,增大其孔隙率,进一步加快了氯离子的传输速率。当外加电压为30、50 V和70 V时,孔隙率分别增大至1.49%~1.95%、1.50%~2.43%和1.47%~2.96%,并建立了孔隙率变化与氯离子有效扩散系数的线性方程。

超高性能混凝土  /  钢纤维锈蚀  /  三维孔隙结构  /  氯离子传输  /  保护层厚度
Introduction

Stray current leakage poses a significant threat to the service life of underground electrified engineering structures. Although ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) exhibits superior durability, compared to ordinary concrete, the corrosion mechanism of internal steel fibers induced by stray current remains unclear, thus restricting its broader application in underground environments. Under the influence of stray current, chloride ion transport in UHPC is governed by the combined effects of free diffusion, electromigration, and changes in pore structure caused by steel fiber corrosion. The mechanisms of free diffusion and electromigration are extensively studied, but the influence of steel fiber corrosion on chloride ion transport is not thoroughly investigated. In particular, the impact of corrosion-induced microstructural changes on chloride migration is not quantitatively assessed, and the micro-morphological characteristics of steel fiber corrosion under stray current are not fully revealed.

Methods

The materials used included Portland cement (P·II 52.5), silica fume (particle size: 0.1-0.2 μm), fly ash (Type F), quartz powder (particle size: 20-100 μm), quartz sand (particle size: 450-900 μm), a superplasticizer, and steel fibers. The steel fibers were added at a volume fraction of 2%, with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 0.12 mm. The microstructural characteristics of steel fiber corrosion and the chloride ion transport mechanism in UHPC under the influence of stray current were determined by rapid chloride migration test (RCM), water absorption test, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray computed tomography (X-CT), respectively. The electrochemical corrosion of UHPC was simulated via the RCM test, and the changes in effective porosity after corrosion were determined via the water absorption test. The micro-morphological features of corroded steel fibers were characterized by AFM, and the corrosion-induced microcrack propagation and changes in porosity within the UHPC matrix were analyzed by X-CT.

Results and discussion

The corrosion pits on the surface of the steel fibers are primarily distributed in the range of -250 to 200 nm at an external voltage of 30 V. As the voltage increases to 50 V, the pit depth expands to -430 to 700 nm, and it further extends to-580 to 770 nm at 70 V. Correspondingly, the effective porosity of UHPC increases from 0.50% to 0.58% at 30 V, from 0.60% to 1.31% at 50 V, and from 0.58% to 1.88% at 70 V.

The expansion of corroded steel fibers induces the formation and propagation of microcracks within the UHPC matrix, leading to an increase in apparent porosity. At different applied voltages of 30 V, 50 V, and 70 V, the apparent porosity increases to 1.49-1.95%, 1.50-2.43%, and 1.47-2.96%, respectively. The effective chloride diffusion coefficient measured is 3.68×10-12 m2/s at 30 V, increases to 9.11×10-12 m2/s at 50 V, and further increases to 28.3×10-12 m2/s at 70 V. These results demonstrate that stray current significantly accelerates the chloride ion transport in UHPC. Neglecting the effect of porosity variation can result in a significant overestimation of the service performance of UHPC structures within their intended design life.

Conclusions

Stray current induced changes in the micro-morphology of steel fibers, with maximum pit depths concentrated in the range of -580 nm to 770 nm. The corrosion became more severe closer to the exposed surface, potentially causing a fracture of the steel fibers and a complete loss of their load-bearing capacity. The results of water absorption tests indicated that stray current increased the effective porosity of UHPC. This increase could be primarily attributed to the expansion of corroded steel fibers, leading to microcrack propagation within the UHPC matrix. The apparent porosity caused by steel fiber corrosion was quantified. In specimens unaffected by stray current, the apparent porosity ranged from 1.47% to 1.56%. A higher applied voltage led to more significant changes in apparent porosity.

ultra-high-performance concrete  /  steel fiber corrosion  /  3D pore structure  /  chloride ion transport  /  cover layer thickness
陈铭岳, 马雄鹰, 康馨. 杂散电流作用下超高性能混凝土钢纤维锈蚀损伤与氯离子传输机理. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (8) : 2809 -2818 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250456
Mingyue CHEN, Xiongying MA, Xin KANG. Corrosion Damage of Steel Fibers and Chloride Ion Transport Mechanism in Ultra-High Performance Concrete Under Stray Current[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (8) : 2809 -2818 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250456
  • 国家自然科学基金重大项目(52090082)
  • 中国博士后科学基金(2025M770439)
  • 国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZB2025 0744)
  • 青年科学基金项目C类(5250080597)
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2026年第54卷第8期
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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250456
  • 接收时间:2025-06-10
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2026-07-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-10
  • 修回日期:2025-07-19
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国家自然科学基金重大项目(52090082)
中国博士后科学基金(2025M770439)
国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZB2025 0744)
青年科学基金项目C类(5250080597)
作者信息
    1.中国矿业大学,深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室,江苏 徐州 221116
    2.重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆 400045
    3.湖南大学土木工程学院,长沙 410082

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康馨(1986—),男,博士,教授。
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