Article(id=1320098196018283285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701619200000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-04, revisedDate=1704643200000, revisedDateStr=2024-01-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792665536169, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1726761600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792665536169, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792665536169, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792665536169, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320098188355285873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2024', volume='52', issue='9', pageStart='2755', pageEnd='3090', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1726761600000', pubDateStr='2024-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792665534341, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792666312798, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320101453507711442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320101453507711443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2995, endPage=3002, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320098196253164310, articleId=1320098196018283285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Effect of Thermal Exposure on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Gd2Zr2O7, columnId=1319726165087077079, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction

The modern gas turbines are constantly pursuing the development trend of high heat insulation and long service life, making the operating temperature of turbine blade continuously rising. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have high temperature resistance and high heat insulation to protect metal alloy substrates. The ceramic topcoat layer is typically composed of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) material. However, the spallation failure of YSZ is easy to occur during high-temperature service. Gd2Zr2O7(GZO) is one of the candidate materials for the new generation of thermal barrier coatings, due to its low thermal conductivity and phase stability at high temperatures. The porous structure of ceramic coatings inevitably undergoes sintering and densification during high-temperature service, the hardness and elastic modulus of coating were decreased.

Adjusting the spraying distance influence both the temperature and velocity of particles, thereby influencing the microstructure of the porous coating. In this work, three kinds of Gd2Zr2O7 (GZO) coatings deposited at different spraying distances were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The as-deposited coatings were thermal exposure to 1 300 ℃ for different hours. The phase structure, microstructure and mechanical properties of the obtained coatings were characterized. The relationships of pore structure and mechanical properties of GZO coatings were revealed during high temperature thermal exposure.

Methods

Atmospheric plasma spraying equipment was used to deposit GZO coatings with a thickness of about 300 μm at different spraying distances. The GZO coatings were placed into a Muffle furnace to carry the thermal exposure tests at 1 300 ℃ for 10, 20, 50, 100 h and 200 h, respectively. The microstructure of the as-prepared GZO coating was observed by SEM. The porosity of the coating was statistically obtained using Image-J software. The phase structure was analyzed by D8-Advance X-ray diffractometer (XRD) using Cu Kα radiation with an operating voltage and current of 40 kV and 40 mA, respectively. Vickers hardness tester (American Micromet-5104 microscopy) was used to test the hardness on the polished section of the coating, with a load of 300 g for 30 s. The elastic modulus of the coating was measured by Knoop indentation method, and parameters were similar with that of Vickers hardness.

Results and discussion

Results show that the as-deposited GZO coatings exhibited a typical layered structure. After thermal exposure, the inter-splat cracks, intra-splat cracks and porosity of GZO coatings decreased, while the elastic modulus and hardness increased.

With the increase of thermal exposure time, the apparent porosity of GZO coatings decreased sharply in the early stage (0-20 h) then decreased slowly in the middle stage (20-100 h), and remained stable in the late stage (100-200 h). In the early stage, the crack tip and narrow cracks were preferentially healed by multi-point connection, which hindered the quickly decrease of apparent porosity in the followed two stages, and after 200 h thermal exposure, the apparent porosity of GZO coatings were maintained at 7%-9%. In addition, with the increase of thermal exposure time, varieties of hardness and elastic modulus of GZO coating also presented a multi-stage change rule, similar to that of apparent porosity. The apparent porosity of GZO coatings was increased with the spraying distance, while the hardness and elastic modulus were decreased. The phase structure of GZO coating remained the same before and after thermal exposure. Namely, the mechanical behavior of GZO coatings under high temperature thermal exposure process was mainly affected by its microstructure.

Conclusions

When thermal exposure at 1300 ℃, compositions of GZO coating were defective fluorite (F phase), in consistent with that of the as-sprayed coatings. When thermal exposure for different time, values of apparent porosity, elastic modulus and hardness of coatings all present multi-stage changes, varieties of these parameters mainly occurred in the early stage of thermal exposure (0-20 h). After thermal exposure at 1 300 ℃ for 200 h, the porosity of coatings was remained at about 8%. The hardness and elastic modulus of coating prepared at a spray distance of 120 mm were about (7104.5±658.2) MPa, and (40.1±1.5) GPa.

, authors=Zhongyu MA, Lishuang WANG, Zhejin WANG, Hui DONG, Jiantao YAO, Yong ZHOU, authorsList=Zhongyu MA, Lishuang WANG, Zhejin WANG, Hui DONG, Jiantao YAO, Yong ZHOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lishuang WANG, authorNote=

MA Zhongyu (1997-), male, Master candidate. E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
WANG Lishuang (1989-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:
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采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备3种不同喷涂距离的Gd2Zr2O7(GZO)涂层,并在1300 ℃条件下进行不同时间的高温热处理,对涂层进行物相分析,表征涂层微观结构及力学性能,阐明高温热处理过程中力学性能变化与孔隙结构变化的相关性。结果表明:喷涂态GZO涂层为典型的层状结构,随着热处理时间的增加,涂层孔隙率的下降呈现多阶段变化规律,即热处理初期(0~20 h)下降较快,热处理中期(20~100 h)下降缓慢,热处理后期(100~200 h)基本保持稳定。经过200 h的热处理之后,GZO涂层的孔隙率均稳定在7%~9%。另外,随着热处理时间增加,GZO涂层HV硬度和弹性模量的增加也呈现多阶段变化规律,与孔隙率的变化规律相似。随着喷涂距离的增加,涂层孔隙率逐渐增加,HV硬度和弹性模量逐渐减小。另外,热处理前后GZO涂层的相结构不变。因此,GZO涂层在高温热处理过程中孔隙结构的变化将影响力学性能的变化。

, authors=麻忠宇, 王丽爽, 王喆锦, 董会, 姚建洮, 周勇, authorsList=麻忠宇, 王丽爽, 王喆锦, 董会, 姚建洮, 周勇, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王丽爽, authorNote=

麻忠宇(1997—),男,硕士研究生。

, correspAuthorsNote=
王丽爽(1989—),女,博士,副教授。
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热处理对等离子喷涂Gd2Zr2O7微观结构和力学性能的影响
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麻忠宇 , 王丽爽 , 王喆锦 , 董会 , 姚建洮 , 周勇
硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2024,52(9): 2995-3002
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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2024 , 52 (9) : 2995 -3002
热处理对等离子喷涂Gd2Zr2O7微观结构和力学性能的影响
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麻忠宇 , 王丽爽 , 王喆锦, 董会, 姚建洮, 周勇
作者信息
  • 西安石油大学材料科学与工程学院,西安市高性能油气田材料重点实验室,油气田腐蚀防护与新材料陕西省高等学校重点实验室,西安 710065
通讯作者:
王丽爽(1989—),女,博士,副教授。
作者简介:

麻忠宇(1997—),男,硕士研究生。

Effect of Thermal Exposure on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Gd2Zr2O7
Zhongyu MA , Lishuang WANG , Zhejin WANG, Hui DONG, Jiantao YAO, Yong ZHOU
Affiliations
  • Xi'an Key Laboratory of High Performance Materials for Oil and Gas Fields, Key Laboratory of Corrosion Protection and New Materials for Oil and Gas Fields, School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    WANG Lishuang (1989-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:

    MA Zhongyu (1997-), male, Master candidate. E-mail:

出版时间: 2024-09-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945
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采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备3种不同喷涂距离的Gd2Zr2O7(GZO)涂层,并在1300 ℃条件下进行不同时间的高温热处理,对涂层进行物相分析,表征涂层微观结构及力学性能,阐明高温热处理过程中力学性能变化与孔隙结构变化的相关性。结果表明:喷涂态GZO涂层为典型的层状结构,随着热处理时间的增加,涂层孔隙率的下降呈现多阶段变化规律,即热处理初期(0~20 h)下降较快,热处理中期(20~100 h)下降缓慢,热处理后期(100~200 h)基本保持稳定。经过200 h的热处理之后,GZO涂层的孔隙率均稳定在7%~9%。另外,随着热处理时间增加,GZO涂层HV硬度和弹性模量的增加也呈现多阶段变化规律,与孔隙率的变化规律相似。随着喷涂距离的增加,涂层孔隙率逐渐增加,HV硬度和弹性模量逐渐减小。另外,热处理前后GZO涂层的相结构不变。因此,GZO涂层在高温热处理过程中孔隙结构的变化将影响力学性能的变化。

大气等离子喷涂  /  锆酸钆  /  热处理  /  微观结构  /  力学性能
Introduction

The modern gas turbines are constantly pursuing the development trend of high heat insulation and long service life, making the operating temperature of turbine blade continuously rising. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have high temperature resistance and high heat insulation to protect metal alloy substrates. The ceramic topcoat layer is typically composed of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) material. However, the spallation failure of YSZ is easy to occur during high-temperature service. Gd2Zr2O7(GZO) is one of the candidate materials for the new generation of thermal barrier coatings, due to its low thermal conductivity and phase stability at high temperatures. The porous structure of ceramic coatings inevitably undergoes sintering and densification during high-temperature service, the hardness and elastic modulus of coating were decreased.

Adjusting the spraying distance influence both the temperature and velocity of particles, thereby influencing the microstructure of the porous coating. In this work, three kinds of Gd2Zr2O7 (GZO) coatings deposited at different spraying distances were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The as-deposited coatings were thermal exposure to 1 300 ℃ for different hours. The phase structure, microstructure and mechanical properties of the obtained coatings were characterized. The relationships of pore structure and mechanical properties of GZO coatings were revealed during high temperature thermal exposure.

Methods

Atmospheric plasma spraying equipment was used to deposit GZO coatings with a thickness of about 300 μm at different spraying distances. The GZO coatings were placed into a Muffle furnace to carry the thermal exposure tests at 1 300 ℃ for 10, 20, 50, 100 h and 200 h, respectively. The microstructure of the as-prepared GZO coating was observed by SEM. The porosity of the coating was statistically obtained using Image-J software. The phase structure was analyzed by D8-Advance X-ray diffractometer (XRD) using Cu Kα radiation with an operating voltage and current of 40 kV and 40 mA, respectively. Vickers hardness tester (American Micromet-5104 microscopy) was used to test the hardness on the polished section of the coating, with a load of 300 g for 30 s. The elastic modulus of the coating was measured by Knoop indentation method, and parameters were similar with that of Vickers hardness.

Results and discussion

Results show that the as-deposited GZO coatings exhibited a typical layered structure. After thermal exposure, the inter-splat cracks, intra-splat cracks and porosity of GZO coatings decreased, while the elastic modulus and hardness increased.

With the increase of thermal exposure time, the apparent porosity of GZO coatings decreased sharply in the early stage (0-20 h) then decreased slowly in the middle stage (20-100 h), and remained stable in the late stage (100-200 h). In the early stage, the crack tip and narrow cracks were preferentially healed by multi-point connection, which hindered the quickly decrease of apparent porosity in the followed two stages, and after 200 h thermal exposure, the apparent porosity of GZO coatings were maintained at 7%-9%. In addition, with the increase of thermal exposure time, varieties of hardness and elastic modulus of GZO coating also presented a multi-stage change rule, similar to that of apparent porosity. The apparent porosity of GZO coatings was increased with the spraying distance, while the hardness and elastic modulus were decreased. The phase structure of GZO coating remained the same before and after thermal exposure. Namely, the mechanical behavior of GZO coatings under high temperature thermal exposure process was mainly affected by its microstructure.

Conclusions

When thermal exposure at 1300 ℃, compositions of GZO coating were defective fluorite (F phase), in consistent with that of the as-sprayed coatings. When thermal exposure for different time, values of apparent porosity, elastic modulus and hardness of coatings all present multi-stage changes, varieties of these parameters mainly occurred in the early stage of thermal exposure (0-20 h). After thermal exposure at 1 300 ℃ for 200 h, the porosity of coatings was remained at about 8%. The hardness and elastic modulus of coating prepared at a spray distance of 120 mm were about (7104.5±658.2) MPa, and (40.1±1.5) GPa.

atmospheric plasma spray  /  gadolinium zirconate  /  thermal exposure  /  microstructure  /  mechanical properties
麻忠宇, 王丽爽, 王喆锦, 董会, 姚建洮, 周勇. 热处理对等离子喷涂Gd2Zr2O7微观结构和力学性能的影响. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (9) : 2995 -3002 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945
Zhongyu MA, Lishuang WANG, Zhejin WANG, Hui DONG, Jiantao YAO, Yong ZHOU. Effect of Thermal Exposure on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Gd2Zr2O7[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (9) : 2995 -3002 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945
  • 国家自然科学基金(51901181)
  • 陕西省摩擦焊接重点实验室开放课题
  • 西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养计划(YCS21212140)
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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945
  • 接收时间:2023-12-04
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2024-09-20
补充材料
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作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-04
  • 修回日期:2024-01-08
基金
国家自然科学基金(51901181)
陕西省摩擦焊接重点实验室开放课题
西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养计划(YCS21212140)
作者信息
    西安石油大学材料科学与工程学院,西安市高性能油气田材料重点实验室,油气田腐蚀防护与新材料陕西省高等学校重点实验室,西安 710065

通讯作者:

王丽爽(1989—),女,博士,副教授。
参考文献
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230945
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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