硅酸盐学报

碳化废弃混凝土微粉的特性及作辅助性胶凝材料的研究进展

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王明新 ¹^,² , 毛宇光 ¹^,² , 胡翔 ¹^,² , 郭帅成 ¹^,² , 史才军 ¹^,²

硅酸盐学报 | 综合评述 2025,53(5): 1313-1327

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硅酸盐学报 |综合评述 2025 , 53 (5) : 1313 -1327

碳化废弃混凝土微粉的特性及作辅助性胶凝材料的研究进展

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王明新¹^,², 毛宇光¹^,², 胡翔¹^,², 郭帅成¹^,², 史才军¹^,²

作者信息

^1．湖南大学土木工程学院，绿色先进土木工程材料及应用技术重点实验室，长沙 410082

^2．湖南省绿色先进土木工程材料国际科技创新合作基地，长沙 410082

通讯作者:

史才军（1963—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

王明新（2000—），女，硕士研究生。

Properties of Carbonated Waste Concrete Powder and Its Use as Supplementary Cementitious Materials: A Review

Mingxin WANG¹^,², Yuguang MAO¹^,², Xiang HU¹^,², Shuaicheng GUO¹^,², Caijun SHI¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.Key Laboratory for Green & Advanced Civil Engineering Materials and Application Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

^2.International Science and Technology Innovation Center for Green & Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Hunan Province, Changsha 410082, China

Corresponding Author:

SHI Caijun (1963-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: cshi@hnu.edu.cn

WANG Mingxin (2000-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: mxwang@hnu.edu.cn

出版时间: 2025-05-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240489

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摘要

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废弃混凝土微粉（WCP）是在废弃混凝土破碎分离成骨料过程中从骨料表面剥离出的富含水泥水化物的粉体材料，因其具有高吸水性和低反应活性，难以直接用作辅助性胶凝材料（SCM）替代水泥熟料使用。加速碳化WCP可生成碳酸钙和高火山灰活性的无定形硅胶等碳化产物，激发了WCP的潜在反应活性并有效固存CO₂，实现其作为SCM的高质量资源化利用。本文以碳化废弃混凝土微粉（cWCP）的产物特性为切入点，综述了WCP的碳化，包括碳化方法、碳化程度和碳化产物的调控；并分析了cWCP通过碳化产物的多种效应对水泥基材料性能，如新拌浆体流变性能、水泥水化、力学性能和耐久性能等的耦合影响。现有研究表明，cWCP主要通过碳酸钙的填充效应、成核效应、与C₃A之间的化学反应以及硅胶的火山灰效应相互耦合去影响水泥基材料的性能。掺cWCP不仅能够加速水泥水化、增强微观结构，提升抗压强度，还能增强砂浆的抗渗性，但却导致流变性能恶化。

关键词

碳化废弃混凝土微粉 / 辅助性胶凝材料 / 碳酸钙 / 硅胶 / 性能 / 水化

Abstract

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As an energy-intensive industry, cement manufacturing is a significant contributor to CO₂ emissions. Simultaneously, the increasing volume of construction waste has also exerted significant pressure on the environment. Recycling demolished concrete has been proposed as a strategy to address the depletion of aggregate resources. In addition, it facilitates the disposal of construction waste and reduce carbon emissions. A particularly promising approach is the recycling of waste concrete powders (WCP) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM), which has garnered significant attention. However, the high absorption and low reactivity of WCP pose a challenge to its direct use as SCM. Accelerated carbonation of WCP produces calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and amorphous silica gel. These products enhance the reactivity of WCP and facilitate the effective sequestration of CO₂. This process not only promotes the high-quality utilization of WCP but also helps to mitigate the environmental and energy burdens associated with cement production.

This study reviews the properties of carbonated waste concrete powder (cWCP) and provides an in-depth analysis of the carbonation process of WCP. It covers various carbonation methods, the regulation of carbonation degree and the prperties of carbonation products. Furthermore, the review evaluates the influence of cWCP on the performances of cement-based materials, including rheology, hydration behavior, mechanical properties, and impermeability.

The carbonation products of cWCP are influenced by the carbonation conditions. In turn, cWCP influences the properties of cement-based materials through the properties of these carbonation products. The primary products of cWCP are CaCO₃ and amorphous silica gel. Their composition, morphological characteristics, chemical properties, and relative distribution depend significantly on the carbonation method and conditions used. The reaction environments and carbonation kinetics of dry and wet carbonation processes differ significantly, resulting in variations in both the degree of carbonation and the polymorphs of products. By optimizing these carbonation conditions, it is possible to improve the degree of carbonation of cWCP while also controlling the polymorphs of CaCO₃ and polymerization degree of silica gel. Furthermore, the influence exerted by these carbonation products on cement-based materials primarily stems from their surface characteristics combined with various effects. Surface properties include both geometrical and surface electrochemical characteristics of CaCO₃ in diverse polymorphs, as well as the hydrophilicity of the silica gel. The effects of carbonation products include the filler effect, nucleation effect, chemical reaction with C₃A, and the pozzolanic effect attributed to silica gel. Notably, improvements in rheological properties are not significantly influenced by either the filler effect or surface electrochemical characteristics of CaCO₃. Instead, more pronounced negative influences arise from the hydrophilicity of silica gel and the fibrous geometry of aragonite. These factors contribute to a significant deterioration in rheological properties, with hydrophilicity being the primary mechanism behind this deterioration. When the degree of carbonation is sufficiently high, the combined positive effects of the filler effect, nucleation effect, chemical reaction, and pozzolanic effect can surpass the negative influence of dilution effect. As a result, the incorporation of cWCP accelerates the hydration, improves the microstructure, and enhances the compressive strength and impermeability.

Summary and Prospects

Existing studies have shown that the incorporation of cWCP accelerates cement hydration, improves microstructure, enhances compressive strength, and strengthens mortar impermeability. However, it may also result in a degradation in rheology.

Base on these findings, further advancements are essential to fully understand the properties of cWCP-based cementitious materials and to support their widespread application. Key areas for development include: 1) establishing a model that correlates carbonation conditions with carbonation products to precisely control their performance, 2) addressing the contradiction between compressive strength and rheological properties, 3) deepening our understanding of the durability of cement-based materials containing cWCP, particularly concerning corrosion of steel reinforcement, and 4) overcoming challenges related to improving the degree of carbonation in cWCP due to an accumulation of carbonation products. These efforts will lay the groundwork for the industrial adoption of cWCP and drive the concrete industry toward more sustainable and environmentally friendly practices.

Key words

carbonated waste concrete powder / supplementary cementitious material / calcium carbonate / silica gel / property / hydration

引用本文

王明新, 毛宇光, 胡翔, 郭帅成, 史才军. 碳化废弃混凝土微粉的特性及作辅助性胶凝材料的研究进展. 硅酸盐学报, 2025 , 53 (5) : 1313 -1327 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240489

Mingxin WANG, Yuguang MAO, Xiang HU, Shuaicheng GUO, Caijun SHI. Properties of Carbonated Waste Concrete Powder and Its Use as Supplementary Cementitious Materials: A Review[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2025 , 53 (5) : 1313 -1327 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240489

基金

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国家自然科学基金(U22A20122; 52078204)

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2025年第53卷第5期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240489

接收时间：2024-07-24
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2025-05-20

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收稿日期：2024-07-24
修回日期：2024-11-12

基金

国家自然科学基金(U22A20122; 52078204)

作者信息

^1．湖南大学土木工程学院，绿色先进土木工程材料及应用技术重点实验室，长沙 410082

^2．湖南省绿色先进土木工程材料国际科技创新合作基地，长沙 410082

通讯作者:

史才军（1963—），男，博士，教授。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240489

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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