硅酸盐学报

矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆毛细吸收性能的影响

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卢艺菲 ¹ , 王捷 ² , 梁华明 ¹ , 杨振丽 ¹ , 周春圣 ¹

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2025,53(5): 1110-1120

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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2025 , 53 (5) : 1110 -1120

矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆毛细吸收性能的影响

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卢艺菲¹, 王捷², 梁华明¹, 杨振丽¹, 周春圣¹

作者信息

^1．哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院，哈尔滨 150090

^2．中铁科研院文化遗产保护研究院，成都 610036

通讯作者:

周春圣（1983—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

卢艺菲（2002—），女，硕士研究生。

Influence of Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Capillary Absorption Properties of Cement Mortars

Yifei LU¹, Jie WANG², Huaming LIANG¹, Zhenli YANG¹, Chunsheng ZHOU¹

Affiliations

^1.School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China

^2.Cultural Heritage Rehabilitation Institute of China Railway Academy, Chengdu 610036, China

Corresponding Author:

ZHOU Chunsheng (1983-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: C_S_Zhou@hit.edu.cn

LU Yifei (2002-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: lyf1069769593@163.com

出版时间: 2025-05-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240573

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摘要

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受水与水泥水化产物间特殊相互作用的影响，水泥基材料毛细吸水过程呈现逐渐并最终明显偏离多孔介质非饱和流动理论经典规律的异常特征。矿物掺合料对初始毛细吸水速率的影响已得到广泛研究，但对它如何影响异常毛细吸水行为及过程的相关研究较为匮乏。以高掺粉煤灰、矿渣及硅灰的白水泥砂浆为研究对象，测试其长期毛细吸收水与吸收异丙醇的过程，结合低场磁共振弛豫技术测试结果，从孔结构特征演化角度，阐述矿物掺合料影响长期毛细吸收过程的内在机理。结果表明：毛细吸收异丙醇曲线始终服从时间平方根线性规律，毛细吸水曲线则会逐渐发生偏离。3种矿物掺合料的掺入均会降低毛细吸收异丙醇速率，且粉煤灰降低效果最显著。在毛细吸水初期，矿渣会明显提高砂浆毛细吸水速率，硅灰和粉煤灰则显著降低；在后期，高掺硅灰明显提高砂浆毛细吸水速率，高掺矿渣和粉煤灰则显著降低。高掺硅灰会降低水泥基材料的水敏性，高掺矿渣和粉煤灰则会提高其水敏性，使毛细吸水过程开始偏离初始线性规律的时间提前，后期偏离程度提高，且矿渣的影响更为显著。高掺矿渣和粉煤灰可明显改变水化硅酸钙凝胶的组成和微结构，显著增强水泥基材料水敏性，进而提高水泥基材料的抗渗性能及干湿循环条件下的耐久性能。

关键词

矿物掺合料 / 水泥砂浆 / 毛细吸收 / 水敏性

Abstract

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The capillary water absorption behavior of cement-based materials deviates progressively from the classical unsaturated flow theories due to specific interactions between water and cement hydrates. Although the impact of supplementary cementitious materials on the initial capillary sorptivity has been widely investigated, their influence on anomalous capillary absorption behavior need further exploration. By taking the technical advantage of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), this study investigates the long-term capillary absorption of water and isopropanol (IPA) into white cement mortars with high content of fly ash, slag, and silica fume.

Introduction

The durability of cement-based materials is significantly influenced by the transport processes of water, gases such as CO₂, and ions like Cl^-. Water transport, particularly capillary water absorption, is crucial for durability performance. In most engineering practices, cement-based materials are non-saturated, making capillary water absorption the primary mode of water transport. This process is driven by capillary pressure arising from the meniscus within pores and is governed by the extended Darcy's law or the Richard's equation. In one-dimensional capillary absorption scenarios, theoretically there exists a linear relationship between the cumulative absorbed volume per unit area and the square root of absorption time, which is known as the square root of time linear law. The slope obtained from linear fitting is defined as the capillary sorptivity, which serves as a quantitative indicator of durability. However, long-term capillary water absorption often deviates from this linear law due to specific physicochemical interactions between water and cement hydrates, especially calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel. The widespread use of supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, slag, and silica fume alters the composition and micro-structure of C-S-H gel through secondary hydration reactions, significantly impacting the properties of cement-based materials. Although the capillary sorptivity has been well recognized as a durability indicator, the anomalous phenomena observed during long-term capillary water absorption are frequently overlooked, leading to incomplete research and inconclusive findings. This study focuses on the long-term capillary absorption processes of water and IPA into cement mortars with representative supplementary cementitious materials, including fly ash, slag, and silica fume. The aim is to elucidate the influence mechanisms of supplementary cementitious materials on the capillary absorption properties of cement mortars.

Methods

The experimental section focused on investigating the impact of supplementary cementitious materials on the capillary absorption behavior of cement mortars. Samples were prepared with sands, white cement and high contents of fly ash, slag, and silica fume. These specimens were subjected to both standard curing at 20 ℃ and accelerated curing at 60 ℃ to assess the influence of curing temperature. Testing methods encompassed capillary absorption tests using IPA and water, along with low-field magnetic resonance relaxation technique to analyze pore structure evolution. The capillary sorptivity were determined by fitting the experimental data to a square root of time linear law, and deviations from this law were analyzed to characterize water sensitivity. Data analysis involved examining changes in capillary sorptivity, deviation times, and pore structure characteristics to elucidate the mechanisms by which supplementary cementitious materials affect the capillary absorption properties of cement mortar.

Results and discussion

The incorporation of fly ash, slag, and silica fume significantly alters the capillary sorptivity of both IPA and water into cement mortar. Specifically, all three supplementary cementitious materials reduce the capillary sorptivity of IPA, with fly ash exhibiting the most pronounced effect. During the initial stage of capillary absorption of water, slag increases the sorptivity, while silica fume and fly ash decrease it. In the later stage, high silica fume content notably enhances the sorptivity, whereas high slag and fly ash contents decrease it. The water sensitivity of cement-based materials is also affected. High slag and fly ash increases the water sensitivity of cement mortars, leading to earlier deviation from the initial linear law and higher degrees of deviation in later stages. These findings indicate that supplementary cementitious materials modify the composition and microstructure of C-S-H gel, thereby affecting the water sensitivity and durability of cement-based materials.

Conclusions

The addition of three supplementary cementitious materials will reduce the capillary sorptivity of isopropanol, and the reduction effect of fly ash is most significant. In the initial stage of capillary absorption of water, slag significantly increases the initial sorptivity of mortar, while silica fume and fly ash show inhibiting effects. In the later stage, silica fume significantly increases the secondary sorpvitity of water into mortar, while slag and fly ash both decrease their secondary sorptivity. The addition of slag and fly ash will significantly increase the difference between the initial and secondary capillary sorptivity. High content of silica fume can reduce the water sensitivity of cement-based materials, while high content of slag and fly ash can improve the water sensitivity, so as to advance the deviation of capillary absorption of water from the square root of time linear law and to increase the degree of deviation. The improvement of water sensitivity is the most significant for the mortar with high slag substitution. Curing at high temperature slightly reduces the water sensitivity of mortar with high slag content, but almost has no effect on the water sensitivity of mortars with high silica fume and fly ash contents.

Key words

supplementary cementitious materials / cement mortar / capillary absorption / water sensitivity

引用本文

卢艺菲, 王捷, 梁华明, 杨振丽, 周春圣. 矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆毛细吸收性能的影响. 硅酸盐学报, 2025 , 53 (5) : 1110 -1120 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240573

Yifei LU, Jie WANG, Huaming LIANG, Zhenli YANG, Chunsheng ZHOU. Influence of Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Capillary Absorption Properties of Cement Mortars[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2025 , 53 (5) : 1110 -1120 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240573

基金

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国家自然科学基金(52078172)
《工程建设对岩土文物影响的智能化监测与保护技术研究-A》（中国中铁股份有限公司重点课题）(2021-重点-34)
《近现代特色民族工业遗产保护与开发研究》（中国中铁股份有限公司重大课题）(2023-重大-02)

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2025年第53卷第5期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240573

接收时间：2024-08-30
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2025-05-20

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收稿日期：2024-08-30
修回日期：2024-09-30

基金

国家自然科学基金(52078172)

《工程建设对岩土文物影响的智能化监测与保护技术研究-A》（中国中铁股份有限公司重点课题）(2021-重点-34)

《近现代特色民族工业遗产保护与开发研究》（中国中铁股份有限公司重大课题）(2023-重大-02)

作者信息

^1．哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院，哈尔滨 150090

^2．中铁科研院文化遗产保护研究院，成都 610036

通讯作者:

周春圣（1983—），男，博士，教授。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240573

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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