硅酸盐学报

超声和光纤传感技术在固态电池中的应用进展与挑战

PDF下载

黄锴 ¹ , 李林昊 ¹ , 黄宇 ¹ , 毛恒山 ² , 于逸飞 ¹ , 沈越 ¹ , 黄云辉 ¹

硅酸盐学报 | 全固态电池发展专刊—综合评述 2025,53(6): 1456-1468

收起

硅酸盐学报 |全固态电池发展专刊—综合评述 2025 , 53 (6) : 1456 -1468

超声和光纤传感技术在固态电池中的应用进展与挑战

全屏

黄锴¹, 李林昊¹, 黄宇¹, 毛恒山², 于逸飞¹, 沈越¹, 黄云辉¹

作者信息

^1．华中科技大学，武汉 430074

^2．中国电建新能源有限公司，北京 100029

通讯作者:

于逸飞（1989—），女，博士，教授。

沈越（1983—），男，博士，教授。

黄云辉（1966—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

黄锴（1994—），男，博士研究生。

李林昊（1997—），男，博士研究生。

Advances and Challenges in Application of Ultrasound and Optical Fiber Technologies in Solid-State Batteries

Kai HUANG¹, Linhao LI¹, Yu HUANG¹, Hengshan MAO², Yifei YU¹, Yue SHEN¹, Yunhui HUANG¹

Affiliations

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

^2.POWERCHINA RENEWABLE ENERGY CO., LTD, Beijing 100029, China

Corresponding Author:

YU Yifei (1989-), female, Ph. D., Professor. E-mail: yuyf@hust.edu.cn;

SHEN Yue (1983-), male, Ph. D., Professor. shenyue1213@hust.edu.cn;

HUANG Yunhui (1966-), male, male, Ph. D., Professor. huangyh@hust.edu.cn

HUANG Kai (1994-), male, Doctoral candidate. E-mail: kailhhh@hust.edu.cn;

LI Linhao (1997-), male, Doctoral candidate. linhao_xue@hust.edu.cn

出版时间: 2025-06-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250346

文章导航

摘要

收起

随着固态电池向高能量密度和高安全性方向快速发展，对其内部复杂界面的演化过程与失效行为的实时监测提出了更高要求。然而，传统传感技术难以适应固态电池刚性界面和固固接触的特性，在原位检测灵敏度与适配性方面仍存在诸多挑战。本文综述了超声与光纤传感技术在固态电池中的最新应用进展，即超声技术凭借其无损检测优势，可动态解析电极-电解质界面的接触状态、裂纹演化及气体生成过程；光纤传感技术则可通过与电极或电解质集成，实现对电池内部应力分布、温度梯度以及化学副产物变化的实时监测，为界面优化与失效机制研究提供新思路。同时从界面特性、力学特性和物化特性3个方面系统总结了这2类传感技术在固态电池中的应用现状，并探讨其未来的发展机遇与面临的关键挑战。

关键词

锂离子电池 / 固态电解质 / 光纤传感 / 超声检测技术

Abstract

收起

With the increasing global demand for electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems, solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries due to their enhanced safety and energy density. The rigid nature of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) allows SSBs to avoid flammable liquid electrolytes and minimize the risk of thermal runaway. _{However, the complexity of solid}-_solid interfaces, the growth of lithium dendrites, and poor interfacial contact during battery operation pose significant challenges to their performance and longevity. Understanding these internal phenomena in real time thus becomes a critical research priority.

Ultrasound and optical fiber sensing technologies are increasingly recognized as effective tools for in-situ, non-destructive, and real-time monitoring of internal battery behaviors. Compared with conventional electrochemical and spectroscopic methods, these techniques provide unique advantages in terms of spatial resolution, penetration depth, and multiparameter detection. This review outlines the fundamental principles, technological advancements, and practical applications of both ultrasound and optical fiber sensors in the context of solid-state batteries.

Ultrasound technology utilizes high-frequency mechanical waves to analyze internal structural changes. Some parameters such as acoustic impedance, attenuation, and time-of-flight (ToF) provide valuable insights into material density, elastic modulus, and crack formation. These features allow ultrasound to dynamically evaluate gas evolution, pore formation, and interfacial degradation within batteries. For instance, customized ultrasonic imaging systems are developed to detect gas generation rates and interfacial contact loss in SSEs, enabling accurate assessments of degradation mechanisms. Research from our group indicates that ultrasound can effectively distinguish between chemical passivation and physical delamination at the electrode-electrolyte interface and track the impact of polymer cross-linking on interface uniformity during in-situ polymerization.

Optical fiber sensing, especially fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology, offers a high sensitivity to strain and temperature, making it well-suited for harsh battery environments. Embedded within cells, FBG sensors enable real-time monitoring of stress evolution and thermal distribution across electrodes and interfaces. Their immunity to electromagnetic interference, compact form factor, and low cost enhance their applicability in sealed battery systems. FBG sensors can effectively decouple strain and temperature responses via analyzing wavelength shifts induced by mechanical or thermal stimuli. Advanced designs, such as micro-FBGs with reduced diameters, further improve integration with battery components, minimizing interference with electrochemical performance. Beyond mechanical and interfacial diagnostics, these sensing technologies also allow for monitoring of key physicochemical parameters like internal temperature gradients, refractive index changes, and byproduct formation through distributed optical networks and acoustic mapping. Recent developments on lab-on-fiber platforms, which integrate Raman scattering and near-infrared spectroscopy with structural sensing, offer a multimodal approach for revealing degradation mechanisms and supporting real-time diagnostics in solid-state batteries.

As emerging in-situ monitoring technologies, ultrasound and optical fiber sensing have significant advantages over conventional battery characterization methods. Ultrasound provides a non-destructive, efficient, and cost-effective means to sensitively detect internal pore evolution, gas generation, and electrolyte wetting, addressing limitations in penetration depth and response speed of conventional techniques. Optical fiber sensing enables real-time monitoring of structural phase transitions, ion migration, and stress distribution within batteries, with intense electromagnetic immunity, low cost, and flexible integration-particularly suited for long-term in-situ monitoring of sealed battery systems. While many reviews focus on the application of these techniques in lithium-ion batteries, their use in solid-state batteries remains relatively underexplored. This review systematically represents recent development and application of ultrasound and optical fiber sensing technologies to solid-state batteries from three perspectives, i.e., interfacial behavior, mechanical properties, and physicochemical characteristics. It also summarizes relevant work conducted by our research team and discusses future integration with intelligent battery systems, highlighting key opportunities and remaining challenges.

Summary and prospects

Ultrasound and optical fiber sensing technologies are poised to play a transformative role in the next generation of battery diagnostics. Their unique ability to perform high-resolution, real-time, and multi-physics monitoring of internal battery phenomena represents a significant advancement over conventional diagnostic approaches. These sensing techniques offer some possibilities for tracking complex degradation mechanisms and enabling proactive battery management strategies. Despite the notable progress achieved in recent years, several critical technical challenges persist. First, signal decoupling in complex environments, in which multiple physical processes such as gas evolution, crack propagation, and stress accumulation occur simultaneously, remains a considerable obstacle. Distinguishing these overlapping signals requires advanced data processing and modeling techniques. Second, the development on integrated, multi-sensor platforms that combine ultrasound, fiber-optic, and electrochemical sensors is still at a nascent stage. Such hybrid systems have a potential to provide more comprehensive and cross-validated data but require further innovation in sensor compatibility and system integration. Third, translating lab-scale sensing systems into practical applications for large-format battery packs demands further progress in miniaturization, cost-effectiveness, and long-term operational stability under dynamic conditions. Future research efforts should focus on three pivotal areas. At the interface level, there is a pressing need to develop multi-parameter sensing systems capable of simultaneously capturing interfacial gas release, contact resistance changes, and local stress distribution. At the mechanical level, high-resolution ultrasonic imaging combined with distributed optical fiber networks can enable real-time, spatially resolved tracking of crack initiation and propagation from micro-scale to macro-scale. At the physicochemical level, integrating spectroscopic methods such as Raman or near-infrared spectroscopy-with ultrasound and optical fiber sensing can unlock deeper insights into phase transitions, compositional changes, and side reactions. Solid-state batteries can achieve real-time diagnostics and early fault detection via utilizing advanced sensing data intelligence and material innovations, accelerating their path to reliable commercial deployment.

Key words

lithium-ion battery / solid-state electrolyte / optical fiber sensing / ultrasonic testing technology

引用本文

黄锴, 李林昊, 黄宇, 毛恒山, 于逸飞, 沈越, 黄云辉. 超声和光纤传感技术在固态电池中的应用进展与挑战. 硅酸盐学报, 2025 , 53 (6) : 1456 -1468 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250346

Kai HUANG, Linhao LI, Yu HUANG, Hengshan MAO, Yifei YU, Yue SHEN, Yunhui HUANG. Advances and Challenges in Application of Ultrasound and Optical Fiber Technologies in Solid-State Batteries[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2025 , 53 (6) : 1456 -1468 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250346

基金

收起

国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2406004)
国家自然科学基金(22179045; 52394173; 52394174)
榆林创新能源革命科技计划(E411070316)
湖北省国际合作项目(2024EHA044)
中国电建新能源有限公司重点科技项目(10ITDJXNY202024026)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2025年第53卷第6期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250346

接收时间：2025-04-29
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2025-06-20

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2025-04-29
修回日期：2025-05-12

基金

国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2406004)

国家自然科学基金(22179045; 52394173; 52394174)

榆林创新能源革命科技计划(E411070316)

湖北省国际合作项目(2024EHA044)

中国电建新能源有限公司重点科技项目(10ITDJXNY202024026)

作者信息

^1．华中科技大学，武汉 430074

^2．中国电建新能源有限公司，北京 100029

通讯作者:

于逸飞（1989—），女，博士，教授。

沈越（1983—），男，博士，教授。

黄云辉（1966—），男，博士，教授。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250346

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT