硅酸盐学报

荧光陶瓷研制及其照明与显示应用进展

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凌军荣 ¹^,² , 周有福 ¹^,² , 洪茂椿 ¹^,²

硅酸盐学报 | 综合评述 2024,52(3): 1023-1042

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硅酸盐学报 |综合评述 2024 , 52 (3) : 1023 -1042

荧光陶瓷研制及其照明与显示应用进展

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凌军荣¹^,², 周有福¹^,², 洪茂椿¹^,²

作者信息

^1．闽都创新实验室，福州 350108

^2．中国科学院福建物质结构研究所，福州 350002

通讯作者:

周有福（1973—），男，博士，研究员。

作者简介:

凌军荣（1993—），男，博士。

Application of Phosphor Ceramics with Lighting and Display

Junrong LING¹^,², Youfu ZHOU¹^,², Maochun HONG¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China

^2.Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China

Corresponding Author:

ZHOU Youfu (1973-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: yfzhou@fjirsm.ac.cn

LING Junrong (1993-), male, Ph.D. E-mail: lingjunrong@fjirsm.ac.cn

出版时间: 2024-03-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230533

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摘要

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第四代发光二极管（LED）光源具有节能、环保、高效、长寿命等特性，随着经济社会的发展，在海洋、港口、体育场馆等大空间大照度应用场合日益增多。荧光陶瓷具有内在散热好、光效高、物化稳定等优点，解决了传统荧光粉胶LED大功率化“散热困难”和“封装失效”以及光源体积大的技术瓶颈，成为新型LED照明以及激光（LD）照明的优选荧光体。教育、展厅和医疗等照明场所对高光效、高显指、低色温等高品质LED照明需求旺盛，新一代MiniLED等RGB显示模组迅速发展，对光效、体积、色纯度提出更高要求，高性能荧光陶瓷研究方兴未艾。本文回顾了LED/LD照明/显示用荧光陶瓷的研究进展和应用情况，并展望了未来荧光陶瓷性能提升策略和发展趋势。

关键词

大功率发光二极管 / 荧光陶瓷 / 钇铝石榴石 / 发光调控

Abstract

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With the development of economy and society, the fourth-generation light emitting diodes (LEDs) have gained a popularity for the large space and high illumination application in ocean, port and gymnasium due to their advantages (i.e., energy saving, eco-friendly, high luminous efficiency (LE) and long lifetime). The typical LEDs are assembled by blue LED chips and phosphor converters, such as yellow phosphor Y₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺ (YAG:Ce) mixed with organic glue. For the popularization in large space lighting, high-power LEDs (hp-LEDs) become popular. Phosphors, phosphor in glasses (PiGs), phosphor crystals and phosphor ceramics are developed as color-converters. Among them, phosphor ceramics have attracted more attentions as an advanced color-converter for hp-LED and laser diode (LD) lighting due to their merits of high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, high LE and fine stability, which can solve some problems regarding the application bottleneck of heat dissipation difficulty and packaging failure as well as large light source volume. YAG:Ce ceramics and mass production of practical single-Kilowatt chip-on-board (COB) light source can be produced in a large scale. High quality hp-LED lighting with a high LE and a high color rendering index (CRI) is needed. In addition, RGB display modules for developed display technologies such as Mini-LED, and head up display (HUD) also require a higher LE and a more compact volume. Research on phosphor ceramics with a high luminescence performance is ascendant.

Summary and prospects

Ce³⁺-doped garnet (YAG:Ce-based) phosphor ceramic is an ideal convertor for hp-LED/LD lighting and display. To improve its luminescence performance, many efforts have been proposed. In general, there are five main strategies. 1) The doping of Lu³⁺, Ga³⁺, Sc³⁺, Gd³⁺ or Mg²⁺-Si⁴⁺ into YAG:Ce regulates the crystal field and changes the splitting of Ce³⁺ 5d energy levels, resulting in a shift of Ce³⁺ emission for compensating blue or red component. For instance, YLuAG:Ce³⁺ green-emitting ceramics show an obvious blue-shifting from 533 nm to 519 nm and a higher thermal stability as well as LE via the substitute of Y³⁺ with Lu³⁺. 2) Co-doping red-emitting ions, such as Mn²⁺, Pr³⁺ and Cr³⁺, is an effective method to broaden the spectrum and compensate more red emission to improve CRI. A significant enhancement of CRI for LuAG:Ce, Mn ceramics is achieved by regulating Mn²⁺ content (R_a=91.0, R₉=37.9), which effectively adds the red emission peaked at 590 nm and 750 nm respectively. 3) Introducing secondary phase or pores into the matrix can prolong the photoluminescence pathway and induce an enhanced light-scattering effect due to the difference in refractive index. Al₂O₃, MgO, MgAl₂O₄, BaAl₂O₄, HA, CaF₂ and AlN are usually chosen as secondary phases. Compared to Al₂O₃-free YAG:Ce ceramics, the LE of Al₂O₃-YAG:Ce composite is increased by 27.3%, and its thermal conductivity grows from 10.2 up to 32.5 W/(m·K). 4) Ce³⁺ is possibly oxidized to Ce⁴⁺, resulting in a decrease of emission intensity. Controlling sintered temperature and doping of Ba²⁺-Si⁴⁺ pair are beneficial to eliminating oxidation and maintaining Ce³⁺ value state. The replace of Lu³⁺-Al³⁺ by Ba²⁺-Si⁴⁺ pair is favorable for less Ce⁴⁺. Consequently, Lu₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺+Ba²⁺/Si⁴⁺ ceramic has a high LE of 216.9 lm/W. 5) Surface treatment by grinding and polishing can yield different roughness and increase a light extraction efficiency. Based on the strategies above, high performance YAG:Ce-based phosphor ceramics are developed. To address multifunctional and multiscenario applications of LEDs, other nitride, oxide or fluoride phosphor ceramics are being investigated, such as CaAlSiN₃:Eu²⁺, (Ca, Sr, Ba)₂Si₅N₈:Eu²⁺, Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺, Al₂O₃:Mn⁴⁺ and (K, Na, Cs)₂(Si, Ti,)F₆:Mn⁴⁺. These developed phosphor ceramics provide unique properties and good candidates for certain applications.

In near future, phosphor ceramics, especially for YAG:Ce-based, will play an important role in LED/LD lighting and display. In response to the requirement of higher performance, involving power density, brightness and quality, it is also necessary to explore and optimize some phosphor ceramics. For phosphor ceramic material, several main methods are outlined to improve the luminescence performance, i.e., the introduction of secondary phases or pores; investigating and developing new phosphor ceramic system; utilizing theoretical calculation to accelerate research progress and optimize photoluminescence properties; extending the application to emerging lighting and display (i.e., laser projection and AR-HUD). In this review, recent research progress and application of phosphor ceramics for LED/LD lighting and display were summarized, and optimizing strategies and development trends of phosphor ceramics were also prospected.

Key words

high-power light emitting diode / phosphor ceramics / yttrium aluminum garnet / luminescence modification

引用本文

凌军荣, 周有福, 洪茂椿. 荧光陶瓷研制及其照明与显示应用进展. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (3) : 1023 -1042 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230533

Junrong LING, Youfu ZHOU, Maochun HONG. Application of Phosphor Ceramics with Lighting and Display[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (3) : 1023 -1042 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230533

基金

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中国科学院弘光专项(KFJ-HGZX-028)
闽都创新实验室自主部署项目(2020ZZ109)

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2024年第52卷第3期

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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230533

接收时间：2023-07-25
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2024-03-20

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收稿日期：2023-07-25
修回日期：2023-08-24

基金

中国科学院弘光专项(KFJ-HGZX-028)

闽都创新实验室自主部署项目(2020ZZ109)

作者信息

^1．闽都创新实验室，福州 350108

^2．中国科学院福建物质结构研究所，福州 350002

通讯作者:

周有福（1973—），男，博士，研究员。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230533

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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