Article(id=1319969628479148997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319969627665445134, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230480, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1688659200000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-07, revisedDate=1692547200000, revisedDateStr=2023-08-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792634883279, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1705680000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792634883279, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792634883279, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792634883279, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319969627665445134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2024', volume='52', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='370', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1705680000000', pubDateStr='2024-01-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792634883085, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792641944622, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1319999245965443838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319969627665445134, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1319999245965443839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319969627665445134, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1, endPage=8, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319969630026847174, articleId=1319969628479148997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Fabrication and Performance of Co Substituted Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ Anode SOFC under Hydrogen Blend Natural Gas Fuels, columnId=1319726165087077079, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction

Mixing hydrogen into natural gas pipelines is one of the critical technologies for achieving large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transmission, which can be directly used for power generation or combined cooling, heating, and power supply through solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), without the hydrogen separation and purification, enabling efficient energy conversion and utilization. Ni-YSZ metal-ceramic composite anodes are widely used in SOFC single cells, which have a superior performance under hydrogen and reformed hydrogen-rich fuel systems. However, carbon deposition susceptibly occurs under carbon-hydrogen fuels, and metal-nickel agglomeration migrates under high fuel utilization operating modes. Sr(Ti1-xFex)O3-δ (STF) is one of the potential alternative anodes with superior structural stability and mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, as well as great resistance to redox cycling, fuel impurities and hydrocarbon fuels. It was indicated that the introduction of transition metal (i.e., Co, Ni, Ru, etc.) doping into the B-site of STF perovskite oxides, which in-situ exsolved metal nanoparticles from substrate in reducing atmosphere, exhibiting a superior anodic catalytic activity. In this paper, A-deficient Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ (x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07) was prepared as a SOFC anode. In addition, the material structure evolution, porous anode conductivity, electrochemical performance and stability of single-cell under methane fuels with different hydrogen doping ratios were also investigated.

Methods

Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ (x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07) powder was prepared via a high-temperature solid-state reaction with SrCO3, TiO2, Fe2O3 and Co(NO3)2·6H2O. The precursors were mixed and ball-milled in ethanol for 48 h, dried and calcined at 1100 ℃ for 10 h. Subsequently, the perovskite electrode powders were obtained (i.e., denoted as STFC-3, STFC-5, STFC-7), Respectively. The electrode slurry with the powder and a binder in a mass ratio of 1.0∶1.5 was prepared by a three-roll mill. The La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ (LSGM) electrolyte pellets with a thickness of 300 μm and a diameter of 15.5 mm were prepared via tape casting and high-temperature sintering. La0.4Ce0.6O2-δ (LDC) was screen-printed on the LSGM electrolyte and calcined at 1 350 ℃ for 4 h, to prevent the potential reaction between STFC and LSGM. Afterwords, the STFC, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (LSCF-GDC) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) electrode were screen-printed as anode and cathode, respectively, and then were co-fired at 1 075 ℃ for 3 h. The effective area of the cathode was 0.5 cm2. Finally, 1 mm×1 mm silver grids were printed on the cathode and anode of the single cell, as a current-collector, calcined at 600 ℃ for 1 h.

The structural evolution of the materials obtained before and after reducing in humidified hydrogen (~4% H2O, in volume) at 800 ℃ for 3 h was characterized by a model Bruker D2 Advance X-ray diffracometer (XRD) and a model Escalab 250X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The microscopic morphology of the electrode powder after reduction was characterized by a model JSM-IT500HR scanning electron microscope (SEM). The conductivity of the screen-printed STFC porous electrodes was tested in air and humidified hydrogen (~4% H2O, in volume) atmospheres through the van der Pauw method. The stability and electrochemical performance (i.e., the discharge curves and electrochemical AC impedance spectra (EIS, 0.1 Hz~1.0 MHz, 50 mV)of single cells under different hydrogen blended methane fuels were investigated by a model P4000A electrochemical workstation (Princeton).

Results and discussion

The peak power density (Pmax) and limiting current density (jmax) of the single cell at 800 ℃ enhance with the increase of the volume ratio of H2. Taking STFC-3 cell as an example, the Pmax of the single cell is 0.506, 0.467, 0.414, 0.338 W/cm2 at different hydrogen ratios of 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% (in volume), respectively. According to the EIS spectra and DRT results, the polarization resistances (Rp) of the STFC anode single cell gradually increase with the increase of CH4 ratio, which mainly corresponds to the change of middle frequency P4 (~10 Hz) and low frequency P5 (1~10-1 Hz) responses, possibly due to the complexity of catalytic oxidation and slow reaction kinetics of CH4.

The STFC-3 single cell is operated at 0.14 A/cm2 with humidified 10 H2-40 CH4 (~4% H2O, in volume). The STFC-3 cell can stably operate for 140 h without an obvious voltage decay, showing a superior long-term stability. The SEM images indicate that the interface contacts between the electrolyte, the barrier layer and the STFC anode is dense, without having anode structure changes. Moreover, little carbon deposition appears on the surface of the anode, indicating a decent coking-resistance property of STFC anode in hydrogen blended natural gas. It has significant guidance in response to the demand for high-performance and stability of SOFC with hydrogen and compressed natural gas.

Conclusions

The Co-Fe alloy nano particles were exsolved on the surface of STFC perovskite oxide after humidified hydrogen reduction, and the exsolution enhanced with increasing Co doping content. At 800 ℃, the conductivity of STFC-3 porous electrode under hydrogen atmosphere reached 3 S/cm, with a single cell maximum output power density of 0.457 W/cm2 in methane fuel doping with 20% (in volume) hydrogen. The continuous operation at 0.14 A/cm2 for ~140 h indicated good durability and coking resistant property.

, authors=Wanchen ZHANG, Qiuqiu LYU, Tenglong ZHU, Qin ZHONG, authorsList=Wanchen ZHANG, Qiuqiu LYU, Tenglong ZHU, Qin ZHONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Tenglong ZHU, authorNote=

ZHANG Wanchen (2000-), female, Master candidate. E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
ZHU Tenglong (1988-), male, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:
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天然气管道掺氢是实现大规模、长距离输氢的关键技术之一。通过固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)直接利用掺氢天然气发电或开展冷热电联供,不需要进行氢气分离提纯,就可实现能量的高效转化利用。针对掺氢天然气燃料对SOFC阳极性能及稳定性的需求,采用高温固相合成法制备了Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ(STFC,x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07)阳极,研究了材料结构演变、多孔阳极导电特性及不同掺氢比甲烷燃料下的单电池性能及稳定性。结果表明,STFC钙钛矿氧化物经过加湿氢气还原后表面析出纳米Co-Fe合金颗粒,且析出组分随Co掺杂含量增大而增多。在800 ℃和加湿氢气下,STFC多孔电极的电导率为3 S/cm;在800 ℃掺氢比20%(体积分数)甲烷燃料中,单电池峰值功率密度达到0.457 W/cm2,在0.14 A/cm2电流密度下连续运行140 h,表现出较好的性能及长期稳定性。

, authors=张婉晨, 吕秋秋, 朱腾龙, 钟秦, authorsList=张婉晨, 吕秋秋, 朱腾龙, 钟秦, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=朱腾龙, authorNote=

张婉晨(2000—),女,硕士研究生。

, correspAuthorsNote=
朱腾龙(1988—),男,博士,副教授。
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Co掺杂Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ阳极SOFC制备及在掺氢天然气下的性能
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张婉晨 , 吕秋秋 , 朱腾龙 , 钟秦
硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2024,52(1): 1-8
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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2024 , 52 (1) : 1 -8
Co掺杂Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ阳极SOFC制备及在掺氢天然气下的性能
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张婉晨 , 吕秋秋, 朱腾龙 , 钟秦
作者信息
  • 南京理工大学化学与化工学院,南京 210094
通讯作者:
朱腾龙(1988—),男,博士,副教授。
作者简介:

张婉晨(2000—),女,硕士研究生。

Fabrication and Performance of Co Substituted Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ Anode SOFC under Hydrogen Blend Natural Gas Fuels
Wanchen ZHANG , Qiuqiu LYU, Tenglong ZHU , Qin ZHONG
Affiliations
  • School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    ZHU Tenglong (1988-), male, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:

    ZHANG Wanchen (2000-), female, Master candidate. E-mail:

出版时间: 2024-01-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230480
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天然气管道掺氢是实现大规模、长距离输氢的关键技术之一。通过固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)直接利用掺氢天然气发电或开展冷热电联供,不需要进行氢气分离提纯,就可实现能量的高效转化利用。针对掺氢天然气燃料对SOFC阳极性能及稳定性的需求,采用高温固相合成法制备了Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ(STFC,x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07)阳极,研究了材料结构演变、多孔阳极导电特性及不同掺氢比甲烷燃料下的单电池性能及稳定性。结果表明,STFC钙钛矿氧化物经过加湿氢气还原后表面析出纳米Co-Fe合金颗粒,且析出组分随Co掺杂含量增大而增多。在800 ℃和加湿氢气下,STFC多孔电极的电导率为3 S/cm;在800 ℃掺氢比20%(体积分数)甲烷燃料中,单电池峰值功率密度达到0.457 W/cm2,在0.14 A/cm2电流密度下连续运行140 h,表现出较好的性能及长期稳定性。

固体氧化物燃料电池  /  钙钛矿阳极  /  掺氢天然气  /  电化学性能
Introduction

Mixing hydrogen into natural gas pipelines is one of the critical technologies for achieving large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transmission, which can be directly used for power generation or combined cooling, heating, and power supply through solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), without the hydrogen separation and purification, enabling efficient energy conversion and utilization. Ni-YSZ metal-ceramic composite anodes are widely used in SOFC single cells, which have a superior performance under hydrogen and reformed hydrogen-rich fuel systems. However, carbon deposition susceptibly occurs under carbon-hydrogen fuels, and metal-nickel agglomeration migrates under high fuel utilization operating modes. Sr(Ti1-xFex)O3-δ (STF) is one of the potential alternative anodes with superior structural stability and mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, as well as great resistance to redox cycling, fuel impurities and hydrocarbon fuels. It was indicated that the introduction of transition metal (i.e., Co, Ni, Ru, etc.) doping into the B-site of STF perovskite oxides, which in-situ exsolved metal nanoparticles from substrate in reducing atmosphere, exhibiting a superior anodic catalytic activity. In this paper, A-deficient Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ (x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07) was prepared as a SOFC anode. In addition, the material structure evolution, porous anode conductivity, electrochemical performance and stability of single-cell under methane fuels with different hydrogen doping ratios were also investigated.

Methods

Sr0.95Ti0.4-xFe0.6CoxO3-δ (x=0.03, 0.05, 0.07) powder was prepared via a high-temperature solid-state reaction with SrCO3, TiO2, Fe2O3 and Co(NO3)2·6H2O. The precursors were mixed and ball-milled in ethanol for 48 h, dried and calcined at 1100 ℃ for 10 h. Subsequently, the perovskite electrode powders were obtained (i.e., denoted as STFC-3, STFC-5, STFC-7), Respectively. The electrode slurry with the powder and a binder in a mass ratio of 1.0∶1.5 was prepared by a three-roll mill. The La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ (LSGM) electrolyte pellets with a thickness of 300 μm and a diameter of 15.5 mm were prepared via tape casting and high-temperature sintering. La0.4Ce0.6O2-δ (LDC) was screen-printed on the LSGM electrolyte and calcined at 1 350 ℃ for 4 h, to prevent the potential reaction between STFC and LSGM. Afterwords, the STFC, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (LSCF-GDC) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) electrode were screen-printed as anode and cathode, respectively, and then were co-fired at 1 075 ℃ for 3 h. The effective area of the cathode was 0.5 cm2. Finally, 1 mm×1 mm silver grids were printed on the cathode and anode of the single cell, as a current-collector, calcined at 600 ℃ for 1 h.

The structural evolution of the materials obtained before and after reducing in humidified hydrogen (~4% H2O, in volume) at 800 ℃ for 3 h was characterized by a model Bruker D2 Advance X-ray diffracometer (XRD) and a model Escalab 250X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The microscopic morphology of the electrode powder after reduction was characterized by a model JSM-IT500HR scanning electron microscope (SEM). The conductivity of the screen-printed STFC porous electrodes was tested in air and humidified hydrogen (~4% H2O, in volume) atmospheres through the van der Pauw method. The stability and electrochemical performance (i.e., the discharge curves and electrochemical AC impedance spectra (EIS, 0.1 Hz~1.0 MHz, 50 mV)of single cells under different hydrogen blended methane fuels were investigated by a model P4000A electrochemical workstation (Princeton).

Results and discussion

The peak power density (Pmax) and limiting current density (jmax) of the single cell at 800 ℃ enhance with the increase of the volume ratio of H2. Taking STFC-3 cell as an example, the Pmax of the single cell is 0.506, 0.467, 0.414, 0.338 W/cm2 at different hydrogen ratios of 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% (in volume), respectively. According to the EIS spectra and DRT results, the polarization resistances (Rp) of the STFC anode single cell gradually increase with the increase of CH4 ratio, which mainly corresponds to the change of middle frequency P4 (~10 Hz) and low frequency P5 (1~10-1 Hz) responses, possibly due to the complexity of catalytic oxidation and slow reaction kinetics of CH4.

The STFC-3 single cell is operated at 0.14 A/cm2 with humidified 10 H2-40 CH4 (~4% H2O, in volume). The STFC-3 cell can stably operate for 140 h without an obvious voltage decay, showing a superior long-term stability. The SEM images indicate that the interface contacts between the electrolyte, the barrier layer and the STFC anode is dense, without having anode structure changes. Moreover, little carbon deposition appears on the surface of the anode, indicating a decent coking-resistance property of STFC anode in hydrogen blended natural gas. It has significant guidance in response to the demand for high-performance and stability of SOFC with hydrogen and compressed natural gas.

Conclusions

The Co-Fe alloy nano particles were exsolved on the surface of STFC perovskite oxide after humidified hydrogen reduction, and the exsolution enhanced with increasing Co doping content. At 800 ℃, the conductivity of STFC-3 porous electrode under hydrogen atmosphere reached 3 S/cm, with a single cell maximum output power density of 0.457 W/cm2 in methane fuel doping with 20% (in volume) hydrogen. The continuous operation at 0.14 A/cm2 for ~140 h indicated good durability and coking resistant property.

solid oxide fuel cell  /  perovskite anode  /  hydrogen blend natural gas  /  electrochemical performance
张婉晨, 吕秋秋, 朱腾龙, 钟秦. Co掺杂Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ阳极SOFC制备及在掺氢天然气下的性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (1) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230480
Wanchen ZHANG, Qiuqiu LYU, Tenglong ZHU, Qin ZHONG. Fabrication and Performance of Co Substituted Sr0.95Ti0.4Fe0.6O3-δ Anode SOFC under Hydrogen Blend Natural Gas Fuels[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (1) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230480
  • 江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BE2022029)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(30920041108)
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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230480
  • 接收时间:2023-07-07
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2024-01-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-07
  • 修回日期:2023-08-21
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江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BE2022029)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(30920041108)
作者信息
    南京理工大学化学与化工学院,南京 210094

通讯作者:

朱腾龙(1988—),男,博士,副教授。
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