硅酸盐学报

环境与弯拉荷载共同作用下高延性水泥基复合材料的自愈合性能

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巩妮娜 ¹ , 王哲媛 ² , 胡少伟 ³ , 范向前 ⁴ , 李双 ² , 耿方方 ⁵ , 章鹏 ¹ , 李乾坤 ²

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2025,53(11): 3214-3226

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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2025 , 53 (11) : 3214 -3226

环境与弯拉荷载共同作用下高延性水泥基复合材料的自愈合性能

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巩妮娜¹, 王哲媛², 胡少伟³, 范向前⁴, 李双², 耿方方⁵, 章鹏¹, 李乾坤²

作者信息

^1．南京工程学院土木工程与智慧管理研究所，南京 211167

^2．江苏海洋大学土木与港海工程学院，江苏连云港 222005

^3．郑州大学黄河实验室，郑州 450001

^4．南京水利科学研究院，南京 210024

^5．南京工程学院建筑工程学院，南京 211167

通讯作者:

巩妮娜（1981—），女，博士，副教授。

作者简介:

巩妮娜（1981—），女，博士，副教授。

Self-Healing Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composite Under Combined Action of Environment and Bending Tensile Loads

Nina GONG¹, Zheyuan WANG², Shaowei HU³, Xiangqian FAN⁴, Shuang LI², Fangfang GENG⁵, Peng ZHANG¹, Qiankun LI²

Affiliations

^1.Institute of Civil Engineering and Intelligent Management, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China

^2.College of Civil, Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China

^3.Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

^4.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China

^5.School of Architecture Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China

Corresponding Author:

GONG Nina (1981-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail: gnn@njit.edu.cn

出版时间: 2025-11-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240578

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摘要

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高延性水泥基复合材料（ECC）具有高延性、高韧性等特点，大量细密裂缝的产生为其自愈合提供条件，海洋环境中硫酸盐含量较高、北方部分地区土壤呈碱性，为了揭示环境与荷载共同作用下ECC的自愈合性能，分别开展了3种环境（5% Na₂SO₄、饱和Ca（OH）₂、清水）下、不同预加载水平的拉伸试件（0%、1%、2%）及四点弯曲试件（0%、20%、40%）在不同龄期的性能试验研究。结果表明：ECC自愈合后抗拉性能恢复良好，预拉应变1%有利于恢复试件各龄期的抗拉强度，5% Na₂SO₄及饱和Ca（OH）₂干湿循环作用有利于提升ECC抗拉强度，且Ca（OH）₂环境的恢复效果更好；清水环境对于完好试件（预拉0%）长龄期下的延性恢复效果明显，5% Na₂SO₄及饱和Ca（OH）₂干湿循环作用削弱有裂缝试件的延性，预拉应变2%时极限拉应变降幅最大，可达52.78%~65.39%。预加载40%对于四点弯曲薄板的初裂抗弯强度、极限抗弯强度恢复作用最显著，且5% Na₂SO₄干湿循环作用的效果更佳，预加载20%明显提升极限挠度，且清水环境最具优势；抗弯延性与多缝开裂模式正相关；5% Na₂SO₄及饱和Ca（OH）₂干湿循环作用对于试件短龄期的抗弯强度恢复作用明显，对微裂缝愈合具有积极效果；自愈合90 d后，预加载20%薄板的初始弯曲韧度比、残余弯曲韧度比恢复效果最佳，Ca（OH）₂环境有利于提升峰前弯曲韧性，清水环境有利于提升峰后弯曲韧性。

关键词

高延性水泥基复合材料 / 环境作用 / 自愈合 / 抗拉性能 / 抗弯性能

Abstract

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Introduction

ECC is characterized by high ductility and high toughness, and the generation of a large number of fine cracks gives the material a significant self-healing ability, thereby improving its safety and durability. In some northern regions of China, the soil pH value exceeds 9 in alkaline environments, sulfate content in marine environments can generally reach 1400-2700 mg/l, structures are typically subjected to dry-wet cycles in areas of water level fluctuations, and water is a necessary condition for the occurrence of self-healing. In order to comprehensively and systematically analyze the self-healing performance of ECC under different environments and preloading conditions, the tensile and flexural properties of ECC after self-healing under three environments (5% Na₂SO₄, saturated Ca(OH)₂, and water) were investigated in this paper, providing a basis for the further application of ECC materials in engineering practice.

Methods

Three environments were designed: 1) 5% Na₂SO₄ solution (by mass) under dry-wet cycles; 2) Saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution under dry-wet cycles; 3) Water environment which served as a control group. The preloaded specimens were placed in them individually.

A total of 9 batches of dog-bone specimens under three different environments were prepared. The group preloading to 1% and 2% strain and the intact specimens without preloading were placed in the self-healing environment. After reaching the corresponding age, tensile tests were conducted to obtain stress-strain curves under different conditions, and the recovery of tensile strength and ultimate deflection was analyzed.

Besides, 9 batches of four point bending thin plates under three different environments were prepared, the ultimate strength was obtained from the intact specimens, and 20% and 40% of the value were selected as the preloading levels for bending tests. The preloaded group and intact specimens without preloading were placed in the self-healing environments for the flexural tests to obtain the load-deflection curves, the recovery of properties such as flexural strength, ultimate deflection, and flexural toughness were investigated.

Results and discussion

Preloading to 1% strain gained a significant advantage in restoring the tensile strength of specimens at different ages in three different environments. The tensile strength of ECC was improved when subjected to dry-wet cycle in both Na₂SO₄ and Ca(OH)₂ solutions, with a supreior recovery ability observed in the Ca(OH)₂ environment. It is also noted that under a 1% preload, the tensile strength increased by about 36.33% throughout the 90 d aging process.

Reloading after pre-tensioning led to a significant improvement on the tensile ductility of specimens at 0 d, with an increase in ultimate tensile strain of up to 138.4% with the preloading level increasing from 0% to 2%. The water environment had a significant effect on the ductile healing of intact specimens without preloading at long ages, with an increase in ultimate tensile strain of 137.52% with age from 0 d to 90 d, while the Na₂SO₄ and Ca(OH)₂ environments weakened the ductility of cracked ECC specimens, with the largest decreases of 52.78%-65.39% at 2% preloading, and the Na₂SO₄ environment had a better effect on the maintenance of ductility in the specimens. At 90d of self-healing, increasing preloading levels weakened the tensile ductility of the specimens, with the greatest decrease in water.

Under the unsoaked condition, 20% preloading increased the flexural strength of the bent plate, but weakened the flexural ductility. As the age of self-healing increased, the initial flexural strength and ultimate flexural strength of the specimens under 40% preloading were improved, and Na₂SO₄ environment was more effective, with an increase of 28.91% and 40.35%, respectively, compared with that at 0 d. Preloading by 20% significantly increased the ultimate deflection, and the best effect was achieved in water, with an increase of up to 202.83% compared with 0 d. Flexural ductility was positively correlated with multi-seam cracking pattern. Na₂SO₄ and Ca(OH)₂ environments were effective in restoring the flexural strength of the specimens at a short age, and had a positive effect on the healing of microcracks. After 90 d of self-healing, the initial flexural toughness ratio and residual flexural toughness ratio of the preloaded 20% thin plate recovered best. Ca(OH)₂ environment was favorable to enhance the pre-peak flexural toughness, and the water environment was favorable to enhance the post-peak flexural toughness.

Conclusion

The tensile and flexural properties of ECC after self-healing in three environments were investigated. The results showed good tensile and flexural self-healing properties. A 1% preloading level was clearly beneficial for tensile strength recovery at all ages in the three environments. Although Dry-wet cycling in Na₂SO₄ and Ca(OH)₂ enhanced the tensile strength of ECC, it reduced the tensile ductility of preloaded ECC specimens. The greatest decrease in ductility occured at 2% preloading, and the Na₂SO₄ environment was more effective in maintaining it. After 90 d of self-healing, tensile ductility of the specimens decreased with increasing preloading levels. A 40% preloading level had the most significant effect on flexural strength recovery after long-term aging, particularly in the Na₂SO₄ environment. The ultimate deflection recovery of the specimen was most significant at a 20% preloading level, with better performance in water. Furthermore, 20% preloading significantly improved the flexural toughness after 90 d of self-healing.

Key words

engineered cementitious composite / environment action / self-healing / tensile properties / flexural properties

引用本文

巩妮娜, 王哲媛, 胡少伟, 范向前, 李双, 耿方方, 章鹏, 李乾坤. 环境与弯拉荷载共同作用下高延性水泥基复合材料的自愈合性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2025 , 53 (11) : 3214 -3226 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240578

Nina GONG, Zheyuan WANG, Shaowei HU, Xiangqian FAN, Shuang LI, Fangfang GENG, Peng ZHANG, Qiankun LI. Self-Healing Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composite Under Combined Action of Environment and Bending Tensile Loads[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2025 , 53 (11) : 3214 -3226 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240578

基金

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国家自然科学基金(52101313; 52171270; 51879168; 12202179)
国家自然科学基金委-河南省联合基金重点项目(U23A20672)
江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20221400)
南京工程学院科研启动基金(YKJ202322)

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2025年第53卷第11期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240578

接收时间：2024-09-02
首发时间：2026-10-21
出版时间：2025-11-20

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出版历史

收稿日期：2024-09-02
修回日期：2024-10-15

基金

国家自然科学基金(52101313; 52171270; 51879168; 12202179)

国家自然科学基金委-河南省联合基金重点项目(U23A20672)

江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20221400)

南京工程学院科研启动基金(YKJ202322)

作者信息

^1．南京工程学院土木工程与智慧管理研究所，南京 211167

^2．江苏海洋大学土木与港海工程学院，江苏连云港 222005

^3．郑州大学黄河实验室，郑州 450001

^4．南京水利科学研究院，南京 210024

^5．南京工程学院建筑工程学院，南京 211167

通讯作者:

巩妮娜（1981—），女，博士，副教授。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240578

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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