硅酸盐学报

增材制造核聚变多孔氚增殖剂的传热传质行为

PDF下载

郑尧午 ¹^,² , 周俊逸 ¹ , 刘子怡 ¹ , 蔡基利 ¹ , 蔡超 ¹

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2026,54(9): 2989-2999

收起

硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (9) : 2989 -2999

增材制造核聚变多孔氚增殖剂的传热传质行为

全屏

郑尧午¹^,², 周俊逸¹, 刘子怡¹, 蔡基利¹, 蔡超¹

作者信息

^1．华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院，材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室，武汉 430074

^2．中国地质大学机械与电子信息学院，武汉 430074

通讯作者:

蔡超（1989—），男，博士，副教授。

作者简介:

郑尧午（2004—），男，硕士研究生。

Heat and Mass Transfer Behavior of Additively Manufactured Porous Tritium Breeders for Nuclear Fusion

Yaowu ZHENG¹^,², Junyi ZHOU¹, Ziyi LIU¹, Jili CAI¹, Chao CAI¹

Affiliations

^1.State key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

^2.School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

Corresponding Author:

{CAI} Chao (1989-), male, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail: chaocai@hust.edu.cn

ZHENG Yaowu (2004-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: 3217166942@qq.com

出版时间: 2026-08-18 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20260045

文章导航

摘要

收起

氚增殖剂是核聚变堆增殖包层实现“氚自持”的关键功能材料。传统球床结构氚增殖剂受限于填充率上限、应力集中易破碎、气体流动阻力大等问题，难以兼顾高效传热传质，进而制约了产氚性能的提升。本工作提出以三周期极小曲面（TPMS）多孔结构氚增殖剂替代传统球床结构的设计思路。选取典型Gyroid型与I-WP型的TPMS结构为研究对象，建立服役工况下流-热耦合数值模型，系统对比分析了2种TPMS结构与传统球床结构的吹扫气体流动行为与传热特性。结果表明，2种TPMS结构在热工水力性能方面均显著优于球床结构，其中Gyroid结构表现出更为优异的综合性能。在入口流速为0.1~0.2 m/s范围内，在0.15 m/s入口流速下，Gyroid结构的平均流速较球床结构提高约56%，压降降低约50%，等效导热系数提高约13.7%。基于此，采用增材制造技术制备了Gyroid多孔结构氚增殖剂样品，并开展了热工水力性能实验验证，初步证实该结构在工程应用中的可行性。本研究可为新一代增殖包层的设计与工程化应用提供理论依据与技术支撑。

关键词

核聚变堆 / 增材制造 / 多孔氚增殖剂 / 流动行为 / 传热特性

Abstract

收起

Introduction

Tritium breeders are key functional materials for achieving tritium self-sufficiency in the breeding blanket of nuclear fusion reactors. Conventional pebble bed tritium breeders are limited due to an upper bound of packing factor, stress concentration-induced fragmentation, and high gas flow resistance, making them difficult to simultaneously achieve efficient heat and mass transfer, thus restricting the enhancement of tritium production performance. In this study, a design concept employing porous tritium breeders based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) was proposed as an alternative to the conventional pebble bed configuration. Typical Gyroid and I-WP structures were selected as research objects, and a flow-solid coupled numerical model under reactor-relevant operating conditions was proposed to systematically compare the sweep gas flow behavior and heat transfer characteristics of the two TPMS structures with those of the conventional pebble bed.

Methods

The geometric model of the pebble bed was constructed by discrete element method (DEM), while the Gyroid and I-WP structures were generated based on implicit trigonometric parametric representations. Numerical simulations were performed by a software named Ansys Fluent with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the shear stress transport (SST) model to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of helium within porous microchannels. Gyroid-type porous tritium breeder samples were fabricated by a stereolithography system, and their internal three-dimensional architectures were reconstructed via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The pressure drop and effective thermal conductivity of the samples were measured using a helium flow resistance pressure-drop measurement setup and a Hot Disk TPS 2500S thermal conductivity analyzer, respectively.

Results and discussion

Compared with the conventional pebble bed configuration, TPMS-based tritium breeders exhibit significant advantages in thermo-hydraulic performance. The Gyroid and I-WP structures both effectively reduce flow resistance and improve flow field uniformity, which is beneficial for sweep gas transport and heat removal. Among the two TPMS configurations, the Gyroid structure demonstrates superior performance. Within the inlet velocity range of 0.1-0.2 m/s, the average flow velocity is increased by approximately 56%, the pressure drop is reduced by 50%, and the effective thermal conductivity is enhanced by 13.7%, compared with the pebble bed. These improvements are mainly attributed to the continuous integrated solid skeleton and the highly interconnected pore network of the TPMS structures. In addition, the Gyroid porous tritium breeder samples are fabricated via additive manufacturing, and the thermo-hydraulic experiments are conducted under representative operating conditions. The experimental results show good agreement with the numerical data, confirming the reliability of the numerical model.

Conclusions

This study targeted breeding blanket applications in nuclear fusion reactors and proposed a TPMS-based porous ceramic tritium breeder design. The thermo-hydraulic characteristics of Gyroid and I-WP tritium breeder structures were systematically evaluated and compared with those of a conventional pebble bed via combining numerical simulations with experimental investigations. The results demonstrated that both TPMS configurations could exhibit significantly lower flow resistance and superior thermo-hydraulic performance relative to the pebble bed, with the Gyroid structure showing the best overall performance. The numerical predictions were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results, confirming the reliability of the developed model and preliminarily demonstrating the engineering feasibility of the Gyroid porous ceramic tritium breeder.

Key words

fusion reactor / additive manufacturing / porous tritium breeder / flow behavior / heat transfer characteristics

引用本文

郑尧午, 周俊逸, 刘子怡, 蔡基利, 蔡超. 增材制造核聚变多孔氚增殖剂的传热传质行为. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (9) : 2989 -2999 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20260045

Yaowu ZHENG, Junyi ZHOU, Ziyi LIU, Jili CAI, Chao CAI. Heat and Mass Transfer Behavior of Additively Manufactured Porous Tritium Breeders for Nuclear Fusion[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (9) : 2989 -2999 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20260045

基金

收起

国家磁约束核聚变能发展研究专项(2022YFE03210400)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2026年第54卷第9期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20260045

接收时间：2026-01-23
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2026-08-18

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2026-01-23
修回日期：2026-03-04

基金

国家磁约束核聚变能发展研究专项(2022YFE03210400)

作者信息

^1．华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院，材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室，武汉 430074

^2．中国地质大学机械与电子信息学院，武汉 430074

通讯作者:

蔡超（1989—），男，博士，副教授。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20260045

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT