硅酸盐学报

基于X射线成像可视化定量表征砂浆中水分传输的方法

PDF下载

黄小明 ¹ , 高卫博 ¹ , 周隆炎 ² , 王煦 ¹ , 陈瑾逾 ¹ , 董必钦 ¹ , 洪舒贤 ¹

硅酸盐学报 | 混凝土耐久性机理表征与预测方法专题—研究论文 2026,54(2): 542-555

收起

硅酸盐学报 |混凝土耐久性机理表征与预测方法专题—研究论文 2026 , 54 (2) : 542 -555

基于X射线成像可视化定量表征砂浆中水分传输的方法

全屏

黄小明¹, 高卫博¹, 周隆炎², 王煦¹, 陈瑾逾¹, 董必钦¹, 洪舒贤¹

作者信息

^1．深圳大学土木与交通工程学院，广东省滨海土木工程耐久性重点实验室，广东深圳 518000

^2．深圳市深水布吉水质净化有限公司，广东深圳 518000

通讯作者:

洪舒贤（1982—），女，博士，教授。

作者简介:

黄小明（1998—），男，博士研究生。

Visual Quantitative Characterization on Moisture Transmission in Mortar Based on X-ray Radiography

Xiaoming HUANG¹, Weibo GAO¹, Longyan ZHOU², Xu WANG¹, Jinyu CHEN¹, Biqin DONG¹, Shuxian HONG¹

Affiliations

^1.College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China

^2.Shenzhen Deepwater Buji Water Purification Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China

Corresponding Author:

HONG Shuxian (1982-), female, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: sxhong@szu.edu.cn

HUANG Xiaoming (1998-), male, Doctoral candidate. E-mail: hh575212022@163.com

出版时间: 2026-02-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250611

文章导航

摘要

收起

水分作为影响水泥基材料耐久性的重要因素，实现水分含量的定量测量是表征水泥基材料耐久性的关键。本研究提出了一种基于X射线成像技术的外部标定方法，建立已知含水量与X射线之间的非线性衰减关系，解决大尺寸砂浆试样引起的X射线非线性衰减，实现砂浆试样中水分含量的定量表征。该方法基于水泥-水两相模型，通过设计水泥和水的叠加校准模型，获取水分厚度与X射线透射率之间的拟合关系，对不同水灰比、胶砂比和砂粒径的砂浆进行毛细吸水，对比不同砂浆试样中水分传输的一维和二维分布演变，实现不同砂浆试样中水分含量的可视化定量，并以称重法进行验证。与重量法相比，该方法测得的水分含量最大相对误差为4.8%。

关键词

X射线成像 / 砂浆 / 水分传输 / 标定方法

Abstract

收起

Introduction

The transport process of moisture in concrete is a physical phenomenon and a medium for the transmission of many harmful substances, having a far-reaching impact on the durability and structural safety of concrete. Moisture flows through pores and cracks in concrete that can provide penetration channels for harmful substances such as chloride ions, sulfate ions and carbon dioxide. Especially in humid environments, moisture promotes the migration of these harmful substances and accelerates the chemical processes such as chloride corrosion caused by chloride ions, thus significantly reducing the durability of concrete. The quantitative study of moisture transport can reveal the migration patterns of moisture in concrete, and identify/quantify various durability problems caused by moisture, providing a theoretical support for the maintenance, repair and life prediction of concrete structures.

Methods

In this study, the quantitative principle of moisture transport in mortar was derived based on Beer's law theory, and a triangular prism moisture layer sample mold was designed and conceptualized. Water could be directly infused into the prism, and in the process of X-ray transmission, a superposition model of dry mortar and water layer was formed. The relationship between known water content and X-ray transmittance was obtained by this calibration model, and then the calibration was performed through the change of X-ray transmittance of mortar sample before and after water absorption.

According to the standard GB 175—2007, China, mortar samples with the dimensions of 40 mm×20 mm×60 mm (h×b×d) were prepared with water, sand, and P·O·42.5 ordinary cement. The samples were the samples with different water-cement ratios of 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 (W/C) (at a cement-to-sand ratio of 1:1), the mortar samples with different cement-sand ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (C/S) (at a water-cement ratio of 0.5), and the mortar samples with different sand particle sizes of 0.5-1.5 mm, 1.5-3.0 mm, and 3-5 mm (at a water-cement ratio of 0.5 and cement-sand ratio of 1:1), totaling 8 groups. Prior to the capillary water absorption test, the calibration model for each sample was measured by X-ray projection, and the X-ray radiography error was corrected for field inhomogeneity. A water calibration curve was then obtained, showing a relationship between X-ray transmittance (-ln(I_w/I_w0)) and moisture thickness, ranging from 0 to the maximum thickness d. Subsequently, a capillary water absorption experiment was conducted. After the absorption experiment, X-ray radiography and weighing were performed to obtain the X-ray transmittance (-ln(I_w/I_w0)) at different water absorption stages, with field inhomogeneity correction and normalization applied. Finally, the mass after water absorption was calibrated via the calibration curve and verified by the weighing results.

Results and discussion

The relationship curve between water thickness and X-ray transmittance in mortar samples is obtained, having the fitting results (R²>0.99). During water absorption, the bottom of the sample begins to absorb water, forming a distinct water peak, indicating a one-dimensional water absorption process. As water absorption progresses, the water front gradually moves upward. However, the water distribution during capillary water absorption varies significantly due to the differences in composition and porosity among the mortar samples. The height of the water absorption front increases with time, though the rate of increase gradually slows. The water absorption front disappears when capillary water absorption approaches a saturation after a prolonged absorption period. For the total water absorption of each mortar, the maximum relative error between the calibration and weighing results is 4.8%.

Conclusions

A quantitative method for cement mortar was proposed. This method could allow for the quantification of moisture content in samples with different water-cement ratios, cement-sand ratios, and sand particle sizes through a single calibration process. The method could reduce both cost and time via eliminating a need to prepare different calibration samples. The method could accurately track a moisture transmission in mortar in real-time, capture the distribution and evolution of moisture in various mortars, and enable local quantification of moisture content in different regions of the samples. The experimental results showed that the smaller the C/S and sand particle size was, the better the water absorption uniformity would be. The seepage velocity and height of water surface peak increased with the increase of W/C and C/S. This method could obtain a reliable calibration for different mortar samples. Compared to the weighing method, the maximum relative error of all the samples during the water absorption process by this method could be less than 4.8%.

Key words

X-ray imaging / mortar / moisture transport / calibration method

引用本文

黄小明, 高卫博, 周隆炎, 王煦, 陈瑾逾, 董必钦, 洪舒贤. 基于X射线成像可视化定量表征砂浆中水分传输的方法. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (2) : 542 -555 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250611

Xiaoming HUANG, Weibo GAO, Longyan ZHOU, Xu WANG, Jinyu CHEN, Biqin DONG, Shuxian HONG. Visual Quantitative Characterization on Moisture Transmission in Mortar Based on X-ray Radiography[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (2) : 542 -555 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250611

基金

收起

科技部国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2602600)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2026年第54卷第2期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250611

接收时间：2025-08-13
首发时间：2026-10-27
出版时间：2026-02-20

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2025-08-13
修回日期：2025-09-12

基金

科技部国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2602600)

作者信息

^1．深圳大学土木与交通工程学院，广东省滨海土木工程耐久性重点实验室，广东深圳 518000

^2．深圳市深水布吉水质净化有限公司，广东深圳 518000

通讯作者:

洪舒贤（1982—），女，博士，教授。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250611

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT