硅酸盐学报

环糊精对于硅酸三钙水化过程的影响

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阎培渝 , 陈炜一

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2026,54(5): 1784-1790

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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (5) : 1784 -1790

环糊精对于硅酸三钙水化过程的影响

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阎培渝, 陈炜一

作者信息

清华大学土木工程系，北京 100084

作者简介:

阎培渝（1955—），男，博士，教授。

Effect of Cyclodextrin on the Hydration Process of Tricalcium Silicate

Peiyu YAN, Weiyi CHEN

Affiliations

Tsinghua University, Department of Civil Engineering, Beijing 100084, China

YAN Peiyu (1955-), male, Ph. D., Professor. E-mail: yanpy@tsinghua.edu.cn

出版时间: 2026-01-21 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250608

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摘要

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硅酸三钙（C₃S）是硅酸盐水泥熟料中占比在50%以上的矿物。它水化快，放热量大，是决定硅酸盐水泥早期放热特性和力学性能的首要组分。本工作研究了环糊精对于C₃S早期水化过程的影响，测定了不同环糊精掺量的C₃S浆体的水化放热特性；测定了C₃S稀溶液和硬化C₃S浆体孔隙溶液中钙和硅浓度的经时变化，计算了孔隙溶液相对于C₃S的离子活度积；观察了C₃S表面水化产物晶核的生成情况。环糊精可延长C₃S水化的诱导期和主放热反应的持续时间，降低其水化反应速率。当环糊精掺量达到0.20%时，这种效应非常明显。由于掺加环糊精的C₃S浆体的主放热反应持续时间延长，其在最大反应速率时的水化程度有所增高，最终水化放热量并不因水化反应被延迟而降低，对其最终水化程度没有不利影响。在水化初期，环糊精被吸附在C₃S颗粒表面的蚀坑处，提升了蚀坑扩展模式所需的能垒ΔG_crit，从而降低C₃S的溶解速率，使水化诱导期延长。在诱导期，环糊精使孔隙溶液中的钙和硅的浓度升高，相对于Ca（OH）₂和C-S-H有更高的过饱和度，抑制C-S-H晶核形成，阻碍水化加速反应的发生。

关键词

硅酸三钙 / 环糊精 / 早期水化 / 诱导期 / 主放热反应 / 反应速率

Abstract

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Introduction

Tricalcium silicate (C₃S) is one of Portland cement clinker minerals whose proportion is over 50%. It hydrates quickly and releases lots of heat in early hydration period. The reaction rate and degree of C₃S in early hydration period are the chelloef constituent to determine the exothermal and mechanical performance of Portland cement; as well as the cracking risk of concrete. One of concrete additive, temperature rising inhibitor, was created to suppress the heat release of binder and decrease its exothermic rate. Cyclodextrin (CD) is the main functional composition of temperature rising inhibitor. It is studied that the effect of CD on the early hydration process of C₃S. This work is helpful to understand the action mechanism of temperature rising inhibitor.

Methods

Pure C₃S was calcined, chemical pure CD was used. C₃S paste with w/c= 0.5 was prepared. The CD dosage in paste is 0%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.20% separately. Dilute C₃S solution with the solid content of 10^-4 and containing 0, 2 mmol/L and 4 mmol/L CD solution was prepared to measure the dissolving rate of C₃S in the induction period of hydration. Pore solution of C₃S was obtained using centrifugal extraction for fresh paste or press method for hardened C₃S paste. The hydration exothermal curves of C₃S pastes containing different dosages of CD were measured using isothermal calorimetry. The time-depended concentration variation of Ca and Si in dilute C₃S solution and pore solution was measured by ICP-AES. SEM was used to investigate the formation of hydrate nucleus on the polished surface of C₃S particles etched by CD solution or pure water. The ion activity product of pore solution relative to C₃S was calculated.

Results and discussion

There is not obvious induction period during the hydration of pure C₃S. The induction period of C₃S hydration prolongs with the increase of CD dosage in paste. The accumulate heat release of C₃S is proportional with its hydration degree. The hydration degree of C₃S paste containing CD is higher than blank one at the point of maximal exothermic rate. The accumulate heat release of C₃S paste with or without CD is almost same at the end of induction period. The addition of CD decreases the early hydration speed, but does not negatively influence the final hydration degree. CD inhibits momentarily the dissolution of C₃S in early hydration period, but does not affects the hydration of C₃S in long period. The Ca and Si concentration in pore solution increases with the increase of CD dosage in induction period of hydration. The ion activity product of pore solution relative to C₃S is changed when Cd is added into C₃S paste. CD is adsorbed at the etch pits on the surface of C₃S particles to increase the barrier ΔG_crit of the etch pit expansion model and decrease the growing speed of etch pit. There are lots of etch pit on the polished surface of C₃S particle after 1 h immersion in pure water. There are few etch pit on the polished surface of C₃S particle after 1 h immersion in 1 mmol/L CD solution.

Conclusions

CD prolongs the induction stage and the main reaction stage of hydration, decreases the reaction rate of C₃S. This effect is very intense when the dosage of CD increases to 0.2%. The hydration degree of C₃S paste increases in some extent at the peak reaction rate due to the prolongation of the main reaction period of C₃S paste containing CD. The ultimately hydration heat release of C₃S paste containing CD does not decrease due to the delay of hydration. CD is absorbed on the etch pit of C₃S particles in the initial hydration stage to elevate the energy barrier ΔG_crit of the etch pit expansion model. It decreases the dissolving rate of C₃S and prolongs the induction period of hydration. In the induction period the exist of CD results in an increase of Ca and Si concentration in pore solution and higher degree of supersaturation relative to Ca(OH)₂ and C-S-H. The formation of C-S-H nucleus is inhibited to hinder the acceleration of C₃S hydration

Key words

tricalcium silicate / cyclodextrin / initial hydration / induction period / main exothermal reaction / reacting rate

引用本文

阎培渝, 陈炜一. 环糊精对于硅酸三钙水化过程的影响. 硅酸盐学报, 2026 , 54 (5) : 1784 -1790 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250608

Peiyu YAN, Weiyi CHEN. Effect of Cyclodextrin on the Hydration Process of Tricalcium Silicate[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2026 , 54 (5) : 1784 -1790 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250608

基金

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国家自然科学基金项目(51878381)

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2026年第54卷第5期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250608

接收时间：2025-08-20
首发时间：2026-09-20
出版时间：2026-01-21

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收稿日期：2025-08-20
修回日期：2025-09-01

基金

国家自然科学基金项目(51878381)

作者信息

清华大学土木工程系，北京 100084

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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