Article(id=1319726338437657239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726260922728931, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250073, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1738512000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-03, revisedDate=1742054400000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792576878412, onlineDateStr=2026-10-21, pubDate=1758297600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792576878412, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792576878412, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792576878412, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319726260922728931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2025', volume='53', issue='9', pageStart='2419', pageEnd='2752', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1758297600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792576859932, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792577418267, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1319728602791395512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726260922728931, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1319728602791395513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726260922728931, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2632, endPage=2642, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319726338727064216, articleId=1319726338437657239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Er-Doped (K
0.5Na
0.5)NbO
3 Multifunctional Textured Ceramics, columnId=1319726165087077079, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction High piezoelectricity and optical transmittance are ordinarily difficult to simultaneously achieve in randomly oriented ceramics or textured ones, affecting their further applications in optoelectronic field. How to break this trade-off relationship becomes a challenge for realizing electrical-optical coupling. In this paper, Er3+-doped randomly oriented (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 (abbreviated as xEr-KNN-R) and textured (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 (abbreviated as xEr-KNN-T) ceramics were prepared via tape-casting. the results showed that the xEr-KNN-T ceramics could have a high degree of orientation and a high relative density (up to 98.8%). The piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the textured ceramics substantially boosted to 121 pC/N compared to randomly-oriented ones (30 pC/N), without significant decrease of the Curie temperature. Also, refinement of grains with tiny pores and relaxor-like behavior could endow the textured ceramics with moderate optical transparency (about 30% in the visible region). Meanwhile, the xEr-KNN-T ceramics exhibited enhanced up-conversion green and red luminescence intensity. The translucent-piezoelectric ceramics could provide insight for further development of high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Methods x% (x = 0, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25) Er3+ doped KNN with a nominal composition of (K0.5Na0.5)1-xErxNbO3 (abbreviated as xEr-KNN) matrix powders were synthesized via conventional solid-state reaction with K2CO3 (99.99%), Na2CO3 (99.99%), Nb2O5 (99.99%) and Er2O3 (99.9%) as raw materials. Anisotropic plate-like NN templates (with about 20 µm in length and width and about 5µm in thickness) were synthesized by a two-step molten salt method. The textured ceramics (abbreviated as xEr-KNN-T) were prepared via reaction template grain growth. Meanwhile, the non-textured randomly oriented ceramics (abbreviated as xEr-KNN-R) prepared without NN templates were used for comparison purpose. The microstructures of samples were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, SUPRA 55 SAPPHIRE, Carl Zeiss Co., Germany) on the surface parallel to the casting direction and the section perpendicular to the casting direction using the accelerating voltage in a range of 0.02-30 kV. To measure the electrical properties, silver paste was coated on both sides of the sintered samples, and then poled in a silicone oil under 3 kV/mm at 150 ℃ for 30 min. The temperature dependences of the relative dielectric permittivity (εr) and dielectric loss (tanδ) of the ceramics were recorded by an Impedance Analyzer (Agilent 4294, Agilent Technologies Inc., USA), with an oscillation voltage of 1 V, at a frequency range of 1 kHz-1 MHz and a temperature range of 25-525℃ at a heating rate of 2℃/min. The piezoelectric coefficients (d33) were characterized by a quasi-static piezoelectric constant testing meter (ZJ-6A, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China). The polarization-electric field (P-E) loops of the ceramics were determined by a ferroelectric test system (TF Analyzer 2000, aixACCT Co., Germany) with the frequency of 200 Hz. The optical transmittance was measured by ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy (Lambda 950, PerkinElmer Co., USA). The PL emission spectra were recorded by a spectro-fluorometer (USB4000, Ocean Optics Co., USA) equipped with a 980-nm diode laser (MDL-III, CNI Optoelectronics Tech. Co., China).
Results and discussion Based on the SEM image of NN template, the NN grains synthesized by the topochemical microcrystal conversion (TMC) well inherit the anisotropic morphology of the precursor BNN5, showing a typical flake morphology. The length and width of NN grains are approximately 10-20 µm and the thickness is approximately 0.5-1.0 µm, meeting the size requirement of appropriate NN template used for tape-casting. From the optical transmittance curve, the addition of large size NN template with anisotropy is unfavorable to the transmittance of higher isotropy, resulting in the reduced transmittance of xEr-KNN-T. The XRD patterns of xEr-KNN-T show sharp diffraction peaks with a good crystallinity, presenting a typical ABO3-type perovskite structure. Er3+ diffuses into the KNN lattice, and the NN template has a solid solution with the KNN matrix. Based on the SEM images of all the ceramics, the conventional solid-state reaction, the tape-casting process alone cannot improve the microstructure of KNN, but leads to deterioration in density. The existence of NN template leads to relatively small-sized grains of textured KNN-T ceramics. From the up-conversion PL spectra, the introduced flake-shaped NN template can reduce the symmetry of local environment around the KNN matrix and then cause local heterogeneity and change of crystal field round Er3+, thus increasing the up-conversion PL intensity of the xEr-KNN-T ceramics. In electrical tests (i.e., dielectric temperature spectrum and P-E loops), compared with xEr-KNN-R, the xEr-KNN-T ceramics have an improved piezoelectric coefficient (i.e., d33 = 121 pC/N), while maintaining moderate ferroelectricity and a high Curie temperature (i.e., 371℃).
Conclusions Er3+-doped KNN ceramics with random orientation and texture were prepared by a tape-casting method. The xEr-KNN-T ceramics exhibited a high relative density (i.e., up to 98.8%) and a uniform microscopic morphology (with the grain size of 0.33 µm). The piezoelectric performance of xEr-KNN-T ceramics was optimized to a large extent (i.e., d33 = 121 pC/N), which was higher than that of the xEr-KNN-R ceramics, without lowering TC. Meanwhile, xEr-KNN-T ceramics had a moderate optical transmittance (approximately 30% in the visible region), realizing the coexistence of piezoelectricity and transparency. Enhanced up-conversion luminescence characteristics were displayed in xEr-KNN-T. The translucent-piezoelectric KNN textured ceramics could provide a possibility and an enlightenment for the research of other high-performance lead-free optoelectronic materials.
, authors=Qifa LIN, Qiling LU, Min GAO, Chunlin ZHAO, Cong LIN, Tengfei LIN, Xiao WU, authorsList=Qifa LIN, Qiling LU, Min GAO, Chunlin ZHAO, Cong LIN, Tengfei LIN, Xiao WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiao WU, authorNote=
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0.5Na
0.5）NbO
3多功能织构陶瓷：突破透明性和压电性的矛盾, columnId=1263922770220560512, journalTitle=硅酸盐学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
在随机取向或织构陶瓷中，通常难以同时实现高压电性与高光学透过率，这限制了其在光电子领域的进一步应用。因此，如何打破这种权衡关系成为功能陶瓷实现电-光耦合的研究焦点。本工作基于流延成型制备了x%（摩尔分数）Er3+掺杂的随机取向（K0.5Na0.5）NbO3（xEr-KNN-R）和织构化（K0.5Na0.5）NbO3（xEr-KNN-T）陶瓷。其中，xEr-KNN-T陶瓷展现出较高的取向度及相对密度（最高可达98.8%），特别是，xEr-KNN-T陶瓷的压电系数d33为121 pC/N，远高于xEr-KNN-R陶瓷（d33 = 30 pC/N），且其居里温度未出现明显下降。此外，通过细化晶粒并引入弛豫铁电特性后，xEr-KNN-T陶瓷具有适中的透明度（在可见光区域透光率约为30%），同时表现出较强的上转换绿光和红光发光强度，这种半透明压电陶瓷为高性能光电子器件的发展提供了新的思路。
, authors=林奇发, 鲁齐铃, 高旻, 赵纯林, 林枞, 林腾飞, 吴啸, authorsList=林奇发, 鲁齐铃, 高旻, 赵纯林, 林枞, 林腾飞, 吴啸, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=吴啸, authorNote=
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吴啸（1986—），男，副教授。
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