硅酸盐学报

固体氧化物电池复合氧电极的电化学性能

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于博政 ¹^,²^,³ , 刘长洋 ¹^,²^,³ , 卞刘振 ²^,³ , 傅鹏 ²^,³ , 彭继华 ¹^,²^,³ , 安胜利 ¹^,²^,³ , 彭军 ¹^,²^,³

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2025,53(8): 2210-2218

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硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2025 , 53 (8) : 2210 -2218

固体氧化物电池复合氧电极的电化学性能

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于博政¹^,²^,³, 刘长洋¹^,²^,³, 卞刘振²^,³, 傅鹏²^,³, 彭继华¹^,²^,³, 安胜利¹^,²^,³, 彭军¹^,²^,³

作者信息

^1．内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院（稀土工程技术学院），内蒙古包头 014010

^2．内蒙古科技大学，内蒙古自治区先进陶瓷材料与器件重点实验室，内蒙古包头 014010

^3．内蒙古科技大学，轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室，内蒙古包头 014010

通讯作者:

彭军（1975—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

于博政（1999—），男，硕士研究生。

Electrochemical Performance of Composite Oxygen Electrode for Solid Oxide Cell

Bozheng YU¹^,²^,³, Changyang LIU¹^,²^,³, Liuzhen BIAN²^,³, Peng FU²^,³, Jihua PENG¹^,²^,³, Shengli AN¹^,²^,³, Jun PENG¹^,²^,³

Affiliations

^1.School of Rare Earth Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China

^2.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramic Materials and Devices, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China

^3.Key Laboratory of Green Extraction & Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China

Corresponding Author:

PENG Jun (1975-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: pengjun@imust.cn

YU Bozheng (1999-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: 2384360365@qq.com

出版时间: 2025-08-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250026

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摘要

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固体氧化物电池（SOCs）在不改变电池结构条件下可以在燃料电池和电解池双重模式下工作，具有较高的转化效率。随着工作温度的降低，氧电极材料是电池性能及寿命的限制性环节。（La_0.6Sr_0.4）_0.95Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-_δ（LSCF）作为典型的SOCs氧电极材料，其催化活性和稳定性仍需要进一步改善。本工作制备了LSCF和Sm_0.2Ce_0.8O_2-_δ（SDC）复合电极材料，探究SDC的引入对材料晶体结构、电导率、热膨胀系数和电化学性能的影响。结果表明：复合量为6∶4的LSCF/40SDC氧电极具有更为匹配的热膨胀系数（TEC）和ORR/OER活性，在750 ℃的极化电阻仅为0.010 Ω·cm²。LSCF/40SDC单电池在750 ℃条件下的功率密度达到了1132 mW/cm²；1.3V下电解水的电流密度达到-875 mA/cm²。单电池在750 ℃和1000 mA/cm²的放电电流下稳定工作了400 h，电池的衰减率仅为7.15%/1000 h，表明LSCF/40SDC是一种很有潜力的SOCs氧电极材料。

关键词

固体氧化物燃料电池 / 氧电极 / 镧锶钴铁 / 钐掺杂氧化铈 / 电解水

Abstract

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Introduction

The advancement of solid oxide cells (SOCs) technology has led to a reduction in the operating temperature to 700-800 ℃, substantially enhancing the long-term stability of cells. However, as the temperature declines, the sluggish oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) at the oxygen electrode emerges as a critical constraint on SOCs power output efficiency. (La_0.6Sr_0.4)0_.95Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-_δ (LSCF), renowned for its excellent ORR/OER catalytic and electrical conductivities, is widely adopted in SOCs oxygen electrodes. However, its inherent drawback lies in the incompatibility of its thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) with traditional electrolytes like GDC and YSZ, often inducing fuel cell or stack failure during cycling due to thermal stress. To address this interface compatibility issue, combining LSCF with an electrolyte material, specifically Sm_0.2Ce_0.8O_2-_δ (SDC), to form a composite electrode proves to be viable. This not only mitigates the average TEC but also optimizes the reaction kinetics. In this study, LSCF and SDC materials were synthesized via the sol-gel method, and the impacts of varying SDC content in the composite electrode on phase structure, conductivity, thermal expansion, and ORR/OER performance were meticulously examined. Results indicate that SDC incorporation effectively curtails the material TEC, enhances ionic conductivity, and boosts ORR/OER activity. Ultimately, the LSCF/40SDC composite electrode manifests remarkable electrochemical performance and long-term stability in fuel cell and water electrolysis mode.

Methods

A series of LSCF/xSDC composite electrodes were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Detailed structural analyses of the materials were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrical conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of electrode strips were measured from room temperature to 800 ℃. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of symmetrical cells was performed, while the electrochemical performance and long-term stability of single cells were evaluated by electrochemical workstation.

Results and Discussion

XRD results confirm pure phase LSCF and SDC were prepared via sol-gel method. LSCF exhibits a hexagonal perovskite structure, and SDC oxide adopts a cubic fluorite configuration. The composite powders exhibit only the characteristic diffraction peaks of LSCF and SDC, confirming their excellent chemical compatibility. The conductivity of LSCF/xSDC materials ascends steadily within 200-600 ℃. Above 600 ℃, the conductivity declines with the increasing temperature. Thermal expansion tests clearly demonstrate that combining strategy with SDC electrolyte markedly diminishes the TEC of LSCF electrode, achieving better alignment with the TECs of YSZ and SDC (10.5×10^-6 K^-1 and 11.4×10^-6 K^-1 respectively).

Impedance analysis of symmetrical cells shows that increasing SDC content leads to a continuous reduction in polarization impedance. This stems from SDC-induced enhancements in material ionic conductivity and expansion of the electrode reaction three-phase interface, thereby improving oxygen catalytic capacity. The Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRT) outcomes for LSCF/40SDC at 650-850 ℃ signify that elevated temperatures notably propel each electrode reaction step, particularly influencing the oxygen surface and interface charge transfer processes.

Electrochemical performance analysis of single cells indicates that a higher SDC proportion correlates with stronger oxygen electrode catalytic ability and improved cell performance, with the LSCF/40SDC cell exhibiting best performance. Moreover, composite SDC significantly boosts hydrogen production efficiency during water electrolysis, attributable to enhanced oxygen electrode OER activity and reduced electrode reaction polarization resistance. After 400 h of stable operation, the cell voltage diminishes marginally from 0.70 V to 0.68 V, yielding an degradation rate of 7.15%/1000 h The cell microscopic morphology remains intact, with tight cohesion among the oxygen electrode, isolation layer, and electrolyte without devoid of detachment or separation. La, Sr, Co, and Fe are uniformly distributed, with no interdiffusion or chemical reaction occurrences after the long-term test.

Conclusion

(La_0.6Sr_0.4)_0.95Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-_δ perovskite and Sm_0.2Ce_0.8O_2-_δ powders were synthesized by sol-gel method, The effect of SDC content on material crystal structure, conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, and electrochemical performance were investigated. The LSCF/40SDC material offers a superior TEC match with the electrolyte. In symmetrical cell tests, LSCF/40SDC presents the lowest polarization resistance and reduced activation energy. In full cell tests at 750 ℃, the peak power density surges to 1132 mW/cm², 1.87 times that of the base LSCF electrode. During water electrolysis at 1.3 V, the full cell with the LSCF/40SDC electrode attains a current density of -875 mA/cm². Notably, the LSCF/40SDC cell sustains stable operation for 400 h under 750 ℃ and 1000 mA/cm² discharge conditions, with an ultra-low attenuation rate of 7.15%/1000 h epitomizing outstanding long-term stability.

Key words

solid oxide cell / oxygen electrode / lanthanum strontium cobalt iron / samarium doped cerium oxide / electrolytic water

引用本文

于博政, 刘长洋, 卞刘振, 傅鹏, 彭继华, 安胜利, 彭军. 固体氧化物电池复合氧电极的电化学性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2025 , 53 (8) : 2210 -2218 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250026

Bozheng YU, Changyang LIU, Liuzhen BIAN, Peng FU, Jihua PENG, Shengli AN, Jun PENG. Electrochemical Performance of Composite Oxygen Electrode for Solid Oxide Cell[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2025 , 53 (8) : 2210 -2218 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250026

基金

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国家自然科学基金青年基金(52202257)
中国北方稀土（集团）高科技股份有限公司(BFXT-2023-D-0044)

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2025年第53卷第8期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20250026

接收时间：2025-01-13
首发时间：2026-10-21
出版时间：2025-08-20

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收稿日期：2025-01-13
修回日期：2025-02-17

基金

国家自然科学基金青年基金(52202257)

中国北方稀土（集团）高科技股份有限公司(BFXT-2023-D-0044)

作者信息

^1．内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院（稀土工程技术学院），内蒙古包头 014010

^2．内蒙古科技大学，内蒙古自治区先进陶瓷材料与器件重点实验室，内蒙古包头 014010

^3．内蒙古科技大学，轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室，内蒙古包头 014010

通讯作者:

彭军（1975—），男，博士，教授。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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