Article(id=1319726443496587305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726426404803327, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240820, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1734969600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-24, revisedDate=1736092800000, revisedDateStr=2025-01-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792576903461, onlineDateStr=2026-10-21, pubDate=1766160000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792576903461, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792576903461, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792576903461, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319726426404803327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2025', volume='53', issue='12', pageStart='3433', pageEnd='3832', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766160000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792576899386, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792577516933, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1319729016953749818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726426404803327, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1319729016953749819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1319726426404803327, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3531, endPage=3544, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319726443710496810, articleId=1319726443496587305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Lead ion Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Amino Modified Porous Geopolymer, columnId=1321944801822487508, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Special Issue on Clean and Efficient Utilization of Non-Metallic Minerals—Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction This paper was to prepare amino-modified porous geopolymer (NH2-3HGeo) based on geopolymer via acid treatment and post-grafting, and investigate its adsorption performance and mechanism for lead in water. Acid treatment increased the specific surface area of the geopolymer and optimized its pore structure. The maximum adsorption capacity of NH2-3HGeo for Pb2+ reached 521.6 mg·g-1. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model, indicating a monolayer chemical adsorption. Geopolymer could mainly adsorb Pb2+ through ion exchange, while NH2-3HGeo primarily complexe with Pb2+ through functional groups. After five cycles, the Pb2+ removal rate of NH2-3HGeo still reached 90.6%, demonstrating a good recyclability. The results indicated that the material could have a great potential in the field of heavy metal pollution control in water bodies.
Methods In the preparation process of amino-modified porous geopolymer, 400 g of metakaolin and 100 g of white carbon black were uniformly mixed, and then put in a sodium hydroxide solution prepared via dissolving 200 g of NaOH in 400 mL of deionized water as an alkaline activator and 10 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution under stirring. The resulting slurry was cast into polypropylene cubic molds and finally cured in an oven at 80 ℃ for 24 h to obtain the geopolymer (Geo). Subsequently, Geo was crushed and sieved to a fine powder with the sizes of 20-40 mesh. 80 g of Geo was added into 400 mL of nitric acid solutions at different concentrations (i.e., 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol·L-1). The mixtures were placed in a constant temperature oscillator and agitated in 200 r·min-1 at 80 ℃ for 5 h. After the reaction, the mixtures were filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane, and the products were collected, washed until neutral, and dried in an oven at 105 ℃ for 12 h, resulting in acid-treated porous geopolymers (i.e., 1HGeo, 2HGeo, 3HGeo, and 4HGeo). Finally, 20 g of acid-treated porous geopolymer was placed in a round-bottom flask containing 100 mL of xylene and stirred for 30 min. Afterwars, 20 mL of aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) dissolved in 100 mL of xylene was added to a flask and stirred with 200 r·min-1 at 80 ℃ for 12 h. The solid product was collected, cleaned with xylene, and dried at 80 ℃ for 12 h to obtain the amino-modified porous geopolymers (i.e., NH2-1HGeo, NH2-2HGeo, and NH2-3HGeo). In addition, the control sample NH2-Geo was also prepared by the same procedure.
Results and discussion This study prepares amino-modified porous geopolymers via acid treatment and post-grafting with porous geopolymers as a base material. The results of the BET specific surface area measurement indicate that acid treatment significantly increases the BET specific surface area of the geopolymer material. The specific surface area of sample 3HGeo (i.e., 343.87 m2·g-1) and pore volume (i.e., 0.1679 cm3·g-1) are 12.94 times and 3.29 times greater than the specific surface area (i.e., 26.57 m2·g-1) and pore volume (i.e., 0.0511 cm3·g-1) of sample Geo, respectively. The XRD patterns, FTIR spectra, and thermogravimetric analysis show that acid treatment increases the porosity and silanol content of the porous geopolymers, thereby increasing the grafting amount of amino groups. The amino groups are grafted onto the geopolymers. The results of adsorption test show that the adsorption amount is positively correlated to the BET specific surface area and amino content. The adsorption rate of NH2-3HGeo for Pb2+ rapidly increases and stabilize as the adsorbent dosage increases. of adsorption time, the removal rates of NH2-1HGeo, NH2-2HGeo, and NH2-3HGeo for Pb2+ are 48.1%, 70.1%, and 99.9% at 360 min, 300 min, and 240 min, respectively, with the increase of adsorption time. The adsorption amount of Pb2+ increases as the temperature increases. The adsorption capacities of NH2-1HGeo, NH2-2HGeo, and NH2-3HGeo increase as the initial Pb2+ concentration increases from 100 mg·L-1 to 700 mg·L-1. The adsorption amount continuously increases as the solution pH vale increases. Different coexisting ions (i.e., K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) affect the adsorption performance of NH2-3HGeo for Pb2+, with divalent cations having a greater impact than monovalent cations. The adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order model, indicating the chemical adsorption. The results of adsorption isotherm indicate that the adsorption process involves monolayer adsorption. The adsorption thermodynamic results show that moderately increasing the temperature is beneficial to adsorption. The results of recycling experiment show that after five cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption rate of NH2-3HGeo remains 90.2%, having a good recyclability. The contribution of different adsorption mechanisms indicates that Geo mainly adsorbs Pb2+ through ion exchange, while NH2-3HGeo primarily relies on a functional group chelation.
Conclusions Amino-modified porous geopolymers with a high specific surface area and a multi-pore structure were prepared by acid treatment and amino modification with porous geopolymers as a base material. The results of nitrogen adsorption showed that acid treatment significantly increased the specific surface area of the geopolymer and effectively improved the pore structure. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that acid treatment created more active sites on the surface of the geopolymer (such as silanol groups Si—OH), which could act as active centers for subsequent grafting reactions. The prepared NH2-3HGeo sample had a high adsorption capacity for Pb2+ and a good recyclability, with a maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ of 521.6 mg·g-1. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption rate was still 90.2%, providing an effective approach for the application of geopolymer materials in the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater. The results of XPS analysis showed that the complexation between—NH2 and Pb2+ essentially involved the protonation of —NH2 to form —NH3+. The adsorption mechanisms indicated that Geo mainly adsorbed Pb2+ through ion exchange, while NH2-3HGeo primarily did that through functional group chelation. This work could lay a certain theoretical foundation for understanding the microstructure of geopolymers and modified geopolymers, as well as the mechanism of their adsorption of heavy metal ions.
, authors=Pengpeng LIU, Panyang HE, Feng SU, Zhonglin GUO, Tianxing CHEN, Xiaomin ZHANG, Xuewen SONG, authorsList=Pengpeng LIU, Panyang HE, Feng SU, Zhonglin GUO, Tianxing CHEN, Xiaomin ZHANG, Xuewen SONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Panyang HE, authorNote=
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以地聚物为基础，通过酸处理和后嫁接法制备了氨基改性多孔地聚物，并研究了其对水中铅的吸附性能和机理。酸处理显著提高了地聚物的比表面积，并优化了孔结构；氨基改性多孔地聚物（NH2-3HGeo）对Pb2+的最大吸附量高达521.6 mg·g-1；吸附过程符合准二级动力学和Langmuir模型，表明主要为单层化学吸附；机理分析显示，Geo主要通过离子交换吸附Pb2+，而NH2-3HGeo则主要通过官能团络合；NH2-3HGeo经5次循环后，Pb2+去除率仍达90.2%，展现出良好循环利用性能，表明该材料在水体重金属污染治理领域具有巨大潜力。
, authors=刘鹏鹏, 贺攀阳, 苏峰, 虢忠霖, 陈天星, 张晓民, 宋学文, authorsList=刘鹏鹏, 贺攀阳, 苏峰, 虢忠霖, 陈天星, 张晓民, 宋学文, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=贺攀阳, authorNote=
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贺攀阳（1993—），男，博士，副教授。
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