硅酸盐学报

氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维研究进展

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焦秀玲 , 陈代荣

硅酸盐学报 | 溶胶凝胶科学与技术专题—综合评述 2024,52(8): 2738-2754

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硅酸盐学报 |溶胶凝胶科学与技术专题—综合评述 2024 , 52 (8) : 2738 -2754

氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维研究进展

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焦秀玲, 陈代荣

作者信息

山东大学国家胶体材料工程技术研究中心，济南 250100

通讯作者:

陈代荣（1966—），男，博士，教授。

作者简介:

焦秀玲（1969—），女，博士，教授。

Progress on Alumina Ceramic Continuous Fibers

Xiuling JIAO, Dairong CHEN

Affiliations

National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding Author:

CHEN Dairong (1966-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: cdr@sdu.edu.cn

JIAO Xiuling (1969-), female, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: jiaoxl@sdu.edu.cn

出版时间: 2024-08-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240213

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摘要

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氧化铝陶瓷连续纤维具有耐高温、高强度、高模量、热导率低、绝缘性好、耐化学腐蚀能力强等特点，在航空航天、先进制造等领域具有重要的应用。本文对氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维的制备、性能及应用进行了全面的综述，并对氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维未来的发展方向进行了总结和展望，期望为未来氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维的研制与应用提供参考。

关键词

氧化铝连续纤维 / 制备 / 性能 / 应用

Abstract

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Alumina ceramic continuous fiber is one of the most important materials because of its high strength and modulus, high temperature resistance, chemical inertness in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres even at high temperature, resistance to attack from non-oxide materials, good electrical insulation and low thermal conductivity. The high strength and high-temperature resistance have allowed the development of metal and ceramic matrix composites with high tensile strength or high-temperature load-bearing capability. Thus, alumina ceramic continuous fiber is of great importance in aerospace, advanced manufacturing, and other fields.

The Al₂O₃ content in alumina ceramic fiber is usually more than 70% (mass fraction), and generally contains a small amount of other oxides, such as SiO₂, B₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, ZrO₂, and etc. Amorphous SiO₂, transition phase alumina, α-Al₂O₃ and mullite are the common phases in alumina ceramic fibers, resulting in various phase compositions and microstructures. Chemical composition and the microstructure have great effects on the fibers' mechanical performance and temperature resistance. Depending on the chemical composition and the microstructure, the alumina ceramic fibers show the tensile strength from 1.5 GPa to 3.1 GPa, and a long-term using temperature varied from 1 000 ℃ to 1 300 ℃. The careful selection is necessary according to the unique circumstances and conditions involved in the use and processing of the alumina fibers. Furthermore, the preparation of alumina ceramic fibers with controlled composition and microstructure is critical.

Main methods for manufacturing alumina ceramic fibers can be classified as slurry process, melt-spinning process, prepolymerization process and sol-gel spinning process. The melt spinning method was limited in the length of the fibers, thus, it was not suitable for the preparation of the alumina continuous fibers. While it is difficult to prepare alumina fibers with high strength from the slurry method. Excellent alumina continuous fibers can be obtained through the pre-polymerization process and sol-gel spinning process, in which the sol-gel method shows the advantages of adjustable composition, uniform composition at the atomic level, relative moderate preparation conditions and low cost, becoming the most important preparation method for alumina ceramic continuous fibers.

In the past decades, a family of alumina fibers have been developed, typically as the commercial 3M Nextel^TM alumina ceramic fibers, which have been used in a variety of areas. However, its export to China is restricted by developed countries because of the application in military field, such as aerospace. To develop the local production, many researchers of China have devoted to the preparation of alumina continuous ceramic fibers, mainly by new sol, that is, how to transform from the gel fiber to ceramic fiber. Fortunately, significant progress has been made recently, so that commercialization of the ceramic fiber comes to be true. This further promotes the applications of alumina ceramic fibers. However, there is still a certain gap in performance between the local produced fibers and the fibers abroad. Continued technological innovation is still an important task in the future.

Summary and prospects

At present, the development of alumina based ceramic continuous fiber in China is mainly carried out under the national academic financial support. The main work at current stage mainly focuses on how to produce the fibers which could meet the basic properties. Most research and development usually rely on model products. Few attention is paid to the research on relevant scientific mechanism and theory, resulting in lack of theoretical support for new applications and in lack of independent innovation ability. Since most of the applications of alumina continuous fiber are based on its performance of high temperature resistance and high strength, it can be predicted that improving the tensile strength and thermal resistance of alumina continuous fiber is still the main goal in the future. Therefore, it is believed as important work to carry out key basic theoretical research, to clarify the intrinsic relationship between the composition-structure-processing-performance of alumina ceramic fibers, and to establish a theoretical model of high-performance alumina ceramic continuous fiber. These investigations can direct the design and preparation of the fibers, to achieve breakthroughs hopefully in the strength and temperature resistance of alumina ceramic continuous fiber, and to furtherly promote the application of fiber and the composite in aerospace and the related fields.

Key words

alumina continuous fibers / preparation / properties / applications

引用本文

焦秀玲, 陈代荣. 氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维研究进展. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (8) : 2738 -2754 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240213

Xiuling JIAO, Dairong CHEN. Progress on Alumina Ceramic Continuous Fibers[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (8) : 2738 -2754 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240213

基金

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山东省自然科学基金（重大基础研究）(ZR2023ZD19)

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2024年第52卷第8期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240213

接收时间：2024-03-14
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2024-08-20

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收稿日期：2024-03-14
修回日期：2024-04-11

基金

山东省自然科学基金（重大基础研究）(ZR2023ZD19)

作者信息

山东大学国家胶体材料工程技术研究中心，济南 250100

通讯作者:

陈代荣（1966—），男，博士，教授。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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