硅酸盐学报

电磁防护水泥基复合材料研究进展

PDF下载

李莹 ¹^,² , 王思佳 ¹ , 董春雷 ¹ , 杨冬蕾 ³ , 张鹏 ¹^,² , 雷东移 ¹^,² , 王瑾 ¹ , 路宇豪 ¹

硅酸盐学报 | 综合评述 2024,52(11): 3631-3649

收起

硅酸盐学报 |综合评述 2024 , 52 (11) : 3631 -3649

电磁防护水泥基复合材料研究进展

全屏

李莹¹^,², 王思佳¹, 董春雷¹, 杨冬蕾³, 张鹏¹^,², 雷东移¹^,², 王瑾¹, 路宇豪¹

作者信息

^1．青岛理工大学土木工程学院，山东青岛 266520

^2．海洋环境混凝土技术教育部工程研究中心，山东青岛 266520

^3．建筑材料工业技术情报研究所，北京 100024

通讯作者:

张鹏（1981—），男，博士，教授；

雷东移（1986—），男，博士，副教授。

作者简介:

李莹（1988—），女，博士，副教授。

Research Progress on Cementitious Composites for Electromagnetic Protection

Ying LI¹^,², Sijia WANG¹, Chunlei DONG¹, Donglei YANG³, Peng ZHANG¹^,², Dongyi LEI¹^,², Jin WANG¹, Yuhao LU¹

Affiliations

^1.Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, Shandong, China

^2.Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, Shandong, China

^3.Institute of Technical Information for Building Materials Industry, Beijing 100024, China

Corresponding Author:

ZHANG Peng (1981-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: peng.zhang@qut.edu.cn;

LEI Dongyi (1986-), male, Ph.D., Associate Professor. leidongyi@qut.edu.cn

LI Ying (1988-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail: liying@qut.edu.cn

出版时间: 2024-11-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240123

文章导航

摘要

收起

日益严重的电磁辐射威胁军事安全、人类健康和信息安全，开发具备电磁防护功能的水泥基复合材料是建筑体系抵抗雷达监测和对抗电磁污染的有效方法。本文主要以水泥作为基体材料，分别从电磁波吸收和电磁波屏蔽2个方面总结提高水泥基复合材料电磁防护能力的措施及效果。简要介绍了水泥基复合材料的电磁波吸收机理，着重阐述填充型和结构型（包括超结构）2大类电磁波吸收水泥基复合材料的研究进展；并介绍了水泥基复合材料的电磁波屏蔽机理，详细综述碳基、金属、复合3种填充型电磁波屏蔽水泥基复合材料的研究现状，最后对电磁防护水泥基复合材料的进展进行总结和展望。

关键词

电磁波吸收 / 电磁波屏蔽 / 水泥基复合材料 / 超结构

Abstract

收起

The development of advanced technology has escalated electromagnetic space warfare in major power confrontations, and the resulting electromagnetic radiation poses a serious threat to military security, human health and information security. Traditional cementitious composites have poor electromagnetic protection capabilities due to the characteristics of low-loss dielectrics. The development of building systems with electromagnetic protection capabilities is of great significance for resisting radar surveillance and reducing electromagnetic pollution. This review aimed to reveal the influence of filler components and structural design on the electromagnetic protection performance of cementitious composites from two aspects: Electromagnetic wave absorption and electromagnetic wave shielding.

Electromagnetic wave absorbing cementitious composites include both filler-based and structural-based types. The filler-based electromagnetic wave absorbing cementitious composites were mainly summarized from three types of fillers: carbon-based, magnetic, and composite system. Carbon materials such as carbon black and carbon fibers are utilized to enhance the internal dielectric loss mechanism of cementitious composites through their high conductivity, thus improving the electromagnetic wave absorption capability. In addition to high conductivity, carbon nanotubes and graphene also exhibit polarization relaxation effects by virtue of their unique structural properties to enhance electromagnetic wave attenuation within the cement. Carbon fillers can achieve excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance even at low concentrations, thus making them popular fillers for cementitious composites. The high dosages of magnetic materials limits their practical applications in cementitious materials, which are gradually developing towards nanomagnetic fluids. However, single absorbing fillers hardly achieve a balance between excellent impedance matching and strong attenuation capability, leading to narrow bandwidth and weak absorption. Therefore, the inclusion of multiple absorptive fillers to harness multiple loss mechanisms and optimize impedance matching, is considered as an important measure to gain outstanding microwave absorption performance.

The structure-based electromagnetic wave absorbing cementitious composites were elaborated on from the aspects of porous structure, layered structure, and metastructure. Porous aggregates as 'pores' are introduced into the cement to enhance connectivity with the outside air, optimizing the impedance matching of cementitious composites. This approach also extends the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, promoting multiple reflections and scattering. The layered structure is designed to improve the electromagnetic wave absorption capability of cementitious composites through the use of impedance gradient systems. However, the porous structure suffers from a high porosity, and the layered structure exhibits interface connection defects and excessive thickness as drawbacks, which is not conducive to structural mechanical properties. By adjusting the geometric dimensions of the resonant layers, the metastructure can obtain ultra-wideband characteristics at lower thickness, freeing microwave absorbing of cementitious composites from limitations imposed by the content of absorptive fillers and structural thickness. Nevertheless, the widespread application of metastructure in cementitious composites is still limited from the view of economic costs and operational processes.

Electromagnetic wave shielding cementitious composites serve as another important form of achieving electromagnetic protection requirements, primarily involving three types of filler components: Carbon materials, metal materials, and composites. Carbon materials or metal materials are mainly used to enhance the reflection loss on the surface of materials through their high conductivity and high permeability, aiming to improve the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness of cementitious composites. However, reflection loss can easily lead to secondary electromagnetic pollution and is constrained by the conductivity or permeability of the fillers themselves. Recently, composite filler-based electromagnetic wave shielding cementitious composites have raised more attention owing to boosting internal absorption loss, which is gradually converging towards the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.

Summary and prospects

Electromagnetic protection cementitious composites are widely applied in various civil-military building sectors, such as military command centers and research institutes and so on. The effects of filler components and structural design on the electromagnetic protection capability of cementitious composites were briefly summarized, providing a reference for the future development direction of functional cementitious composites. In order to minimize trial error costs, electromagnetic simulation analysis needs to be conducted to assess the contribution of various filler components in cementitious composites to electromagnetic protection effectiveness. The coupling effects among multiple factors should also be taken into account in this analysis. To elevate the feasibility of practical applications of metastructure in cementitious composites, the accuracy of the design of conductive resonance layers and long-term durability needs to be emphasized. Additionally, further research is required to study the impact of metastructure on the mechanical properties of cementitious composites. Furthermore, to support the carbon neutrality strategy, the development of electromagnetic protection cementitious composites based on waste materials including straw and iron tailings is a potential direction for reducing economic costs and addressing electromagnetic pollution issues.

Key words

electromagnetic wave absorption / electromagnetic wave shielding / cementitious composites / metastructure

引用本文

李莹, 王思佳, 董春雷, 杨冬蕾, 张鹏, 雷东移, 王瑾, 路宇豪. 电磁防护水泥基复合材料研究进展. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (11) : 3631 -3649 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240123

Ying LI, Sijia WANG, Chunlei DONG, Donglei YANG, Peng ZHANG, Dongyi LEI, Jin WANG, Yuhao LU. Research Progress on Cementitious Composites for Electromagnetic Protection[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (11) : 3631 -3649 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240123

基金

收起

国家自然科学基金联合基金(U22A20244; U23A20673)
青创科技支持计划(2021KJ045)
西海岸新区科技惠民专项(2022-41; 2021-102)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2024年第52卷第11期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240123

接收时间：2024-02-09
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2024-11-20

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2024-02-09
修回日期：2024-03-17

基金

国家自然科学基金联合基金(U22A20244; U23A20673)

青创科技支持计划(2021KJ045)

西海岸新区科技惠民专项(2022-41; 2021-102)

作者信息

^1．青岛理工大学土木工程学院，山东青岛 266520

^2．海洋环境混凝土技术教育部工程研究中心，山东青岛 266520

^3．建筑材料工业技术情报研究所，北京 100024

通讯作者:

张鹏（1981—），男，博士，教授；

雷东移（1986—），男，博士，副教授。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240123

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT