Article(id=1320098207523259319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240074, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706112000000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-25, revisedDate=1707148800000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792665538911, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1726761600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792665538911, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792665538911, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792665538911, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320098188355285873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, year='2024', volume='52', issue='9', pageStart='2755', pageEnd='3090', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1726761600000', pubDateStr='2024-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792665534341, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792666312798, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320101453507711442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320101453507711443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, issueId=1320098188355285873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2773, endPage=2779, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320098207703614392, articleId=1320098207523259319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1263187385517883426, language=EN, title=Preparation of Lightweight and High-Strength Silicon Oxycarbide Aerogels and Their Thermal Insulation Performance, columnId=1321894601024197240, journalTitle=Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, columnName=Special Issue on Polymer-Derived Ceramics—Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Introduction

With the rapid development of high-technology fields, advanced aerogel acts as the thermal insulation materials under high-temperature environment attracted extensive attention. Polymer derived ceramic (PDC) aerogels were considered to be a promising thermal protection materials due to its low density, high porosity, excellent thermal insulation performance and high-temperature stability. Silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramic aerogels, one kind of typical representative PDC materials, were mainly formed by partial substitution of C atoms for O atoms in SiO2 tetrahedra. Compared the traditional silica aerogels, silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) aerogels exhibited better thermal and chemical stability as well as higher mechanical strength. Previously research reported that SiOC aerogels were mainly prepared by sol-gel method and PDC route, exhibited a higher density, which limited its applications and development in lightweight thermal insulation filed. Moreover, the obtained SiOC aerogels exhibited a necklace-like structure, poor high-temperature stability and mechanical strength due to the weak contact between nanoparticles. And most researches on SiOC aerogels focused on its high-temperature pyrolysis behavior. In this paper, a lightweight and high-strength SiOC aerogel were prepared using polyhydromethylsiloxane (PHMS) as precursor and tetramethyltetravinylcycletetrasiloxane (D4Vi) as crosslinker through solvothermal, freeze casting and pyrolysis. The influence of D4Vi content on the microstructure and thermal stability of SiOC aerogels were discussed. The evolution of phase composition, mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance was further explored via high-temperature heat treatment and oxidation treatment.

Methods

In a typical process, 1.5 g D4Vi and 1.0 g PHMS were added into 52.4 g cyclohexane solvent and mixed uniformly by magnetic stirring for 30 min. Then, 1% Pt catalyst was added into the mixture for another 15 min stirring to obtain the transparent polysiloxane (PSO) solution. The PSO solution was then poured into an 80 ml Toflon-lined autoclave and underwent hydrothermal treatment at 150 ℃ for 20 h. Subsequently, the sample was freeze-dried at -50 ℃ for 48 h to obtain PSO aerogels. Finally, the PSO aerogels were pyrolyzed at 1 000 ℃ for 2 h with a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in Ar atmosphere. The pyrolyzed SiOC aerogels were further treated at 1 400 ℃ in Ar and 800 ℃ in air to explore their high-temperature stability and anti-oxidation.

The bulk density of SiOC aerogels was calculated by the measurement of the mass and dimension of the samples. The pore size distribution of SiOC aerogels was characterized using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The chemical structure and phase composition of SiOC aerogels was explored by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer. The microstructure of SiOC aerogels was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The thermal conductivity of SiOC aerogels was measured by the hot-disk method using a thermal constant analyzer with the sample's dimension of Φ15 mm ×20 mm. The compressive strength of SiOC aerogels was investigated by an electronic universal testing machine using the samples with a dimension of Φ15 mm×20 mm.

Results and discussion

lightweight SiOC aerogels were prepared by solution-based freeze-drying method under the mass ratio of D4Vi: PHMS of 1.5 and 2. Both kinds of obtained aerogels exhibited low density of 0.12-0.13 g·cm-3, much lower than that of previously reported SiOC aerogels and porous SiOC ceramics (0.23-0.62 g·cm-3). With the increase in DVB content, the ceramic yield of SiOC aerogels decreased from 75.40% to 71.68% as the decreased crosslinking degree of PSO precursor, further leading to the transition from relatively disordered spider-web structure to ordered honeycomb-like structure. The stable porous structure endowed SiOC aerogels with low thermal conductivity of 0.061 9-0.065 5 W·m-1·K-1 and high compressive strength of 0.60-0.96 MPa.

Moreover, the SiOC aerogels possessed excellent high-temperature stability, when heat treatment at 1 400 ℃ in Ar, density of it was still ranged between 0.12 and 0.13 g·cm-3 with original honeycomb-like structure. Meanwhile, the SiOC aerogels remained low thermal conductivity of 0.066 7-0.070 3W·m-1·K-1 and high compressive strength of 0.56-0.95 MPa. When oxidation at 800 ℃ in air, the SiOC aerogels still maintained porous structure and a density of 0.12-0.13 g·cm-3 with a low mass loss of about 1.2%. The related thermal conductivity showed a minor variation of 0.060 7-0.064 3 W·m-1·K-1 and the compressive strength lightly decreased to 0.58-0.91 MPa, indicating a good anti-oxidation performance.

Conclusions

In this work, SiOC aerogels with lightweight, high-strength and thermal performance were prepared using PHMS as precursor and D4Vi as crosslinker through solvothermal, freeze casting and pyrolysis. Porous honeycomb-like structure endowed SiOC aerogels with low density (0.13 g·cm-3) and thermal conductivity (0.065 5 W·m-1·K-1) as well as high compressive strength (0.96 MPa). Meanwhile, SiOC aerogels exhibited excellent high-temperature stability and oxidation resistance. The corresponding bulk density, phase composition, thermal conductivity and compressive strength still remained and without any structural collapse even heat treatment at 1 400 ℃ in Ar, which could be an ideal candidate for lightweight, high strength, and high-temperature stability materials.

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ZHU Wenxia (1997-), female, Doctoral candidate. E-mail:

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SU Dong (1981-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:
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陶瓷气凝胶因其优异的隔热性能和高温稳定性而成为新型的高性能热防护材料,但是低的强度限制了其应用和发展。本工作以聚甲基氢硅氧烷作为前驱体、四乙烯基环四硅氧烷为交联剂,通过水热反应和冷冻成型,再经热解过程制备出轻质高强、耐高温的硅氧碳(SiOC)陶瓷气凝胶。多孔的蜂窝结构赋予SiOC气凝胶低的密度(0.13 g·cm-3)和热导率(0.0655 W·m-1·K-1)以及高的抗压强度(0.96 MPa)。同时,SiOC气凝胶表现出优异的高温稳定性,在1400 ℃热处理和800 ℃氧化处理后未出现结构的坍塌,热导率和抗压强度基本保持不变。

, authors=祝文霞, 王昊, 季惠明, 苏冬, authorsList=祝文霞, 王昊, 季惠明, 苏冬, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=苏冬, authorNote=

祝文霞(1997—),女,博士研究生。

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苏冬(1981—),女,博士,副教授。
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轻质高强硅氧碳气凝胶的制备及其高温隔热性能
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祝文霞 , 王昊 , 季惠明 , 苏冬
硅酸盐学报 | 聚合物先驱体陶瓷专题—研究论文 2024,52(9): 2773-2779
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硅酸盐学报 |聚合物先驱体陶瓷专题—研究论文 2024 , 52 (9) : 2773 -2779
轻质高强硅氧碳气凝胶的制备及其高温隔热性能
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祝文霞 , 王昊, 季惠明, 苏冬
作者信息
  • 天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津 300350
通讯作者:
苏冬(1981—),女,博士,副教授。
作者简介:

祝文霞(1997—),女,博士研究生。

Preparation of Lightweight and High-Strength Silicon Oxycarbide Aerogels and Their Thermal Insulation Performance
Wenxia ZHU , Hao WANG, Huiming JI, Dong SU
Affiliations
  • School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    SU Dong (1981-), female, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail:

    ZHU Wenxia (1997-), female, Doctoral candidate. E-mail:

出版时间: 2024-09-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240074
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陶瓷气凝胶因其优异的隔热性能和高温稳定性而成为新型的高性能热防护材料,但是低的强度限制了其应用和发展。本工作以聚甲基氢硅氧烷作为前驱体、四乙烯基环四硅氧烷为交联剂,通过水热反应和冷冻成型,再经热解过程制备出轻质高强、耐高温的硅氧碳(SiOC)陶瓷气凝胶。多孔的蜂窝结构赋予SiOC气凝胶低的密度(0.13 g·cm-3)和热导率(0.0655 W·m-1·K-1)以及高的抗压强度(0.96 MPa)。同时,SiOC气凝胶表现出优异的高温稳定性,在1400 ℃热处理和800 ℃氧化处理后未出现结构的坍塌,热导率和抗压强度基本保持不变。

硅氧碳陶瓷  /  隔热性能  /  高温稳定性  /  抗氧化性能
Introduction

With the rapid development of high-technology fields, advanced aerogel acts as the thermal insulation materials under high-temperature environment attracted extensive attention. Polymer derived ceramic (PDC) aerogels were considered to be a promising thermal protection materials due to its low density, high porosity, excellent thermal insulation performance and high-temperature stability. Silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramic aerogels, one kind of typical representative PDC materials, were mainly formed by partial substitution of C atoms for O atoms in SiO2 tetrahedra. Compared the traditional silica aerogels, silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) aerogels exhibited better thermal and chemical stability as well as higher mechanical strength. Previously research reported that SiOC aerogels were mainly prepared by sol-gel method and PDC route, exhibited a higher density, which limited its applications and development in lightweight thermal insulation filed. Moreover, the obtained SiOC aerogels exhibited a necklace-like structure, poor high-temperature stability and mechanical strength due to the weak contact between nanoparticles. And most researches on SiOC aerogels focused on its high-temperature pyrolysis behavior. In this paper, a lightweight and high-strength SiOC aerogel were prepared using polyhydromethylsiloxane (PHMS) as precursor and tetramethyltetravinylcycletetrasiloxane (D4Vi) as crosslinker through solvothermal, freeze casting and pyrolysis. The influence of D4Vi content on the microstructure and thermal stability of SiOC aerogels were discussed. The evolution of phase composition, mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance was further explored via high-temperature heat treatment and oxidation treatment.

Methods

In a typical process, 1.5 g D4Vi and 1.0 g PHMS were added into 52.4 g cyclohexane solvent and mixed uniformly by magnetic stirring for 30 min. Then, 1% Pt catalyst was added into the mixture for another 15 min stirring to obtain the transparent polysiloxane (PSO) solution. The PSO solution was then poured into an 80 ml Toflon-lined autoclave and underwent hydrothermal treatment at 150 ℃ for 20 h. Subsequently, the sample was freeze-dried at -50 ℃ for 48 h to obtain PSO aerogels. Finally, the PSO aerogels were pyrolyzed at 1 000 ℃ for 2 h with a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in Ar atmosphere. The pyrolyzed SiOC aerogels were further treated at 1 400 ℃ in Ar and 800 ℃ in air to explore their high-temperature stability and anti-oxidation.

The bulk density of SiOC aerogels was calculated by the measurement of the mass and dimension of the samples. The pore size distribution of SiOC aerogels was characterized using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The chemical structure and phase composition of SiOC aerogels was explored by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer. The microstructure of SiOC aerogels was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The thermal conductivity of SiOC aerogels was measured by the hot-disk method using a thermal constant analyzer with the sample's dimension of Φ15 mm ×20 mm. The compressive strength of SiOC aerogels was investigated by an electronic universal testing machine using the samples with a dimension of Φ15 mm×20 mm.

Results and discussion

lightweight SiOC aerogels were prepared by solution-based freeze-drying method under the mass ratio of D4Vi: PHMS of 1.5 and 2. Both kinds of obtained aerogels exhibited low density of 0.12-0.13 g·cm-3, much lower than that of previously reported SiOC aerogels and porous SiOC ceramics (0.23-0.62 g·cm-3). With the increase in DVB content, the ceramic yield of SiOC aerogels decreased from 75.40% to 71.68% as the decreased crosslinking degree of PSO precursor, further leading to the transition from relatively disordered spider-web structure to ordered honeycomb-like structure. The stable porous structure endowed SiOC aerogels with low thermal conductivity of 0.061 9-0.065 5 W·m-1·K-1 and high compressive strength of 0.60-0.96 MPa.

Moreover, the SiOC aerogels possessed excellent high-temperature stability, when heat treatment at 1 400 ℃ in Ar, density of it was still ranged between 0.12 and 0.13 g·cm-3 with original honeycomb-like structure. Meanwhile, the SiOC aerogels remained low thermal conductivity of 0.066 7-0.070 3W·m-1·K-1 and high compressive strength of 0.56-0.95 MPa. When oxidation at 800 ℃ in air, the SiOC aerogels still maintained porous structure and a density of 0.12-0.13 g·cm-3 with a low mass loss of about 1.2%. The related thermal conductivity showed a minor variation of 0.060 7-0.064 3 W·m-1·K-1 and the compressive strength lightly decreased to 0.58-0.91 MPa, indicating a good anti-oxidation performance.

Conclusions

In this work, SiOC aerogels with lightweight, high-strength and thermal performance were prepared using PHMS as precursor and D4Vi as crosslinker through solvothermal, freeze casting and pyrolysis. Porous honeycomb-like structure endowed SiOC aerogels with low density (0.13 g·cm-3) and thermal conductivity (0.065 5 W·m-1·K-1) as well as high compressive strength (0.96 MPa). Meanwhile, SiOC aerogels exhibited excellent high-temperature stability and oxidation resistance. The corresponding bulk density, phase composition, thermal conductivity and compressive strength still remained and without any structural collapse even heat treatment at 1 400 ℃ in Ar, which could be an ideal candidate for lightweight, high strength, and high-temperature stability materials.

silicon oxycarbide ceramics  /  thermal insulation  /  high-temperature stability  /  oxidation resistance
祝文霞, 王昊, 季惠明, 苏冬. 轻质高强硅氧碳气凝胶的制备及其高温隔热性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (9) : 2773 -2779 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240074
Wenxia ZHU, Hao WANG, Huiming JI, Dong SU. Preparation of Lightweight and High-Strength Silicon Oxycarbide Aerogels and Their Thermal Insulation Performance[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (9) : 2773 -2779 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240074
  • 国家自然科学基金(52173261)
  • 天津市自然科学基金(19JCYBJ C18200)
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2024年第52卷第9期
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doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20240074
  • 接收时间:2024-01-25
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2024-09-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-25
  • 修回日期:2024-02-06
基金
国家自然科学基金(52173261)
天津市自然科学基金(19JCYBJ C18200)
作者信息
    天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津 300350

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苏冬(1981—),女,博士,副教授。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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